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Fix SpeechRecognizer error handling for "ERROR_SERVER_DISCONNECTED" in Android #125

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Fix SpeechRecognizer error handling for "ERROR_SERVER_DISCONNECTED" in Android #125

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dadc579
Enhance SpeechRecognizer management and error handling
itsmorty Dec 7, 2025
fa21254
Clean up unused imports in SpeechRecognition.java
itsmorty Dec 7, 2025
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133 changes: 103 additions & 30 deletions android/src/main/java/com/getcapacitor/community/speechrecognition/SpeechRecognition.java
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -151,6 +151,30 @@ private void listening(boolean value) {
this.listening = value;
}

private void resetPartialResultsCache() {
previousPartialResults = new JSONArray();
}

private void rebuildRecognizerLocked(PluginCall call, boolean partialResults) {
// Reuse the existing recognizer if available - destroying/recreating causes ERROR_SERVER_DISCONNECTED (11)
// Only create new if null (first time or after an error destroyed it)
if (speechRecognizer == null) {
speechRecognizer = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(bridge.getActivity());
Logger.info(getLogTag(), "Created new SpeechRecognizer instance");
} else {
// Cancel any pending recognition before starting a new one
try {
speechRecognizer.cancel();
} catch (Exception ignored) {}
Logger.info(getLogTag(), "Reusing existing SpeechRecognizer instance");
}

SpeechRecognitionListener listener = new SpeechRecognitionListener();
listener.setCall(call);
listener.setPartialResults(partialResults);
speechRecognizer.setRecognitionListener(listener);
}

private void beginListening(
String language,
int maxResults,
Expand All @@ -173,38 +197,42 @@ private void beginListening(
intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_PROMPT, prompt);
}

resetPartialResultsCache();

if (showPopup) {
startActivityForResult(call, intent, "listeningResult");
} else {
bridge
.getWebView()
.post(() -> {
.getActivity()
.runOnUiThread(() -> {
try {
SpeechRecognition.this.lock.lock();

if (speechRecognizer != null) {
speechRecognizer.cancel();
speechRecognizer.destroy();
speechRecognizer = null;
}

speechRecognizer = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(bridge.getActivity());
SpeechRecognitionListener listener = new SpeechRecognitionListener();
listener.setCall(call);
listener.setPartialResults(partialResults);
speechRecognizer.setRecognitionListener(listener);
speechRecognizer.startListening(intent);
SpeechRecognition.this.listening(true);
if (partialResults) {
call.resolve();
}
SpeechRecognition.this.startActivityForResult(call, intent, "listeningResult");
} catch (Exception ex) {
SpeechRecognition.this.listening(false);
call.reject(ex.getMessage());
} finally {
SpeechRecognition.this.lock.unlock();
}
});
return;
}

bridge
.getWebView()
.post(() -> {
try {
SpeechRecognition.this.lock.lock();
Logger.info(getLogTag(), "Rebuilding and starting recognizer");
rebuildRecognizerLocked(call, partialResults);
speechRecognizer.startListening(intent);
SpeechRecognition.this.listening(true);
if (partialResults) {
call.resolve();
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
Logger.error(getLogTag(), "Error starting listening: " + ex.getMessage(), ex);
call.reject(ex.getMessage());
} finally {
SpeechRecognition.this.lock.unlock();
}
});
}

private void stopListening() {
Expand All @@ -213,18 +241,44 @@ private void stopListening() {
.post(() -> {
try {
SpeechRecognition.this.lock.lock();
if (SpeechRecognition.this.listening) {
speechRecognizer.stopListening();
SpeechRecognition.this.listening(false);
Logger.info(getLogTag(), "Stopping listening");
if (speechRecognizer != null) {
try {
speechRecognizer.stopListening();
} catch (Exception ignored) {}
try {
speechRecognizer.cancel();
} catch (Exception ignored) {}
// Don't destroy here - let rebuildRecognizerLocked handle cleanup
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw ex;
resetPartialResultsCache();
SpeechRecognition.this.listening(false);
} finally {
SpeechRecognition.this.lock.unlock();
}
});
}

private void destroyRecognizer() {
bridge.getWebView().post(() -> {
try {
SpeechRecognition.this.lock.lock();
if (speechRecognizer != null) {
speechRecognizer.destroy();
speechRecognizer = null;
}
} finally {
SpeechRecognition.this.lock.unlock();
}
});
}

@Override
protected void handleOnDestroy() {
super.handleOnDestroy();
destroyRecognizer();
}

private class SpeechRecognitionListener implements RecognitionListener {

private PluginCall call;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -280,8 +334,22 @@ public void onEndOfSpeech() {

@Override
public void onError(int error) {
SpeechRecognition.this.stopListening();
String errorMssg = getErrorText(error);

// Reset state synchronously on the same thread
resetPartialResultsCache();
SpeechRecognition.this.listening(false);

// Destroy the recognizer synchronously to ensure clean state for next attempt
if (speechRecognizer != null) {
try {
speechRecognizer.cancel();
} catch (Exception ignored) {}
try {
speechRecognizer.destroy();
} catch (Exception ignored) {}
speechRecognizer = null;
}

if (this.call != null) {
call.reject(errorMssg);
Expand All @@ -306,6 +374,8 @@ public void onResults(Bundle results) {
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
this.call.resolve(new JSObject().put("status", "error").put("message", ex.getMessage()));
} finally {
resetPartialResultsCache();
}
}

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -358,8 +428,11 @@ private String getErrorText(int errorCode) {
case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_SPEECH_TIMEOUT:
message = "No speech input";
break;
case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_SERVER_DISCONNECTED:
message = "Server disconnected";
break;
default:
message = "Didn't understand, please try again.";
message = "Didn't understand, please try again. Error code: " + errorCode;
break;
}
return message;
Expand Down