[CI] Rework tests php job, fix minimum-stability, add Symfony versions

[Kocal]

Q	A
Bug fix?	no
New feature?	no
Docs?	no
Issues	Fix #...
License	MIT

[Kocal]

Okay I believe we are one something nice:

Some notes:

1. the --prefer-lowest has a tons of deprecations 😬
2. dev jobs fail because of TwigComponent requiring an old version of WebpackEncoreBundle, :

+ cd src/TwigComponent
+ composer config minimum-stability dev --ansi
+ composer update --no-progress --no-interaction --ansi
Loading composer repositories with package information
Restricting packages listed in "symfony/symfony" to "7.*"
Updating dependencies
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.

  Problem 1
    - Root composer.json requires symfony/webpack-encore-bundle ^1.15 -> satisfiable by symfony/webpack-encore-bundle[v1.15.0, ..., v1.17.2].
    - symfony/webpack-encore-bundle[v1.15.0, ..., v1.17.2] require symfony/asset ^4.4 || ^5.0 || ^6.0 -> found symfony/asset[v4.4.0-BETA1, ..., 4.4.x-dev, v5.0.0-BETA1, ..., 5.4.x-dev, v6.0.0-BETA1, ..., 6.4.x-dev] but these were not loaded, likely because it conflicts with another require.

Error: Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.

and also because deprecations from symfony/property-info:^7.3:

Remaining direct deprecation notices (3079)

  778x: Since symfony/property-info 7.3: The "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\PropertyInfoExtractor::getTypes()" method is deprecated, use "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\PropertyInfoExtractor::getType()" instead.
    158x in QueryStringPropsExtractorTest::testExtract from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Util
    131x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCanDehydrateAndHydrateComponentWithTestCases from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    102x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCoerceFalseyValuesForScalarTypes from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    30x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCoerceTruthyValuesForScalarTypes from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    20x in ComponentWithFormTest::testHandleCheckboxChanges from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Form
    ...

  778x: Since symfony/property-info 7.3: The "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\Extractor\PhpStanExtractor::getTypes()" method is deprecated, use "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\Extractor\PhpStanExtractor::getType()" instead.
    158x in QueryStringPropsExtractorTest::testExtract from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Util
    131x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCanDehydrateAndHydrateComponentWithTestCases from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    102x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCoerceFalseyValuesForScalarTypes from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    30x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCoerceTruthyValuesForScalarTypes from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    20x in ComponentWithFormTest::testHandleCheckboxChanges from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Form
    ...

  761x: Since symfony/property-info 7.3: The "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\Extractor\PhpDocExtractor::getTypes()" method is deprecated, use "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\Extractor\PhpDocExtractor::getType()" instead.
    158x in QueryStringPropsExtractorTest::testExtract from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Util
    114x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCanDehydrateAndHydrateComponentWithTestCases from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    102x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCoerceFalseyValuesForScalarTypes from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    30x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCoerceTruthyValuesForScalarTypes from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    20x in ComponentWithFormTest::testHandleCheckboxChanges from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Form
    ...

  761x: Since symfony/property-info 7.3: The "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\Extractor\ReflectionExtractor::getTypes()" method is deprecated, use "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\Extractor\ReflectionExtractor::getType()" instead.
    158x in QueryStringPropsExtractorTest::testExtract from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Util
    114x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCanDehydrateAndHydrateComponentWithTestCases from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    102x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCoerceFalseyValuesForScalarTypes from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    30x in LiveComponentHydratorTest::testCoerceTruthyValuesForScalarTypes from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Integration
    20x in ComponentWithFormTest::testHandleCheckboxChanges from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Form
    ...

  1x: Since symfony/property-info 7.3: The "Symfony\Component\PropertyInfo\Type" class is deprecated. Use "Symfony\Component\TypeInfo\Type" class from "symfony/type-info" instead.
    1x in BatchActionControllerTest::testCanBatchActions from Symfony\UX\LiveComponent\Tests\Functional\Controller

Remaining indirect deprecation notices (1059)

3. other jobs are failing due to the Twig\Template::loadTemplate() deprecation, that will be fixed by [TwigComponent] Fix loadTemplate deprecation for Twig >= 3.21 #2713

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BRB taking the ✈️ :D