Enforce f-strings via Ruff (#12393)

docs/pip_sphinxext.py

@@ -194,22 +194,17 @@ def process_options(self) -> None:
             opt = option()
             opt_name = opt._long_opts[0]
             if opt._short_opts:
-                short_opt_name = "{}, ".format(opt._short_opts[0])
+                short_opt_name = f"{opt._short_opts[0]}, "
             else:
                 short_opt_name = ""
 
             if option in cmdoptions.general_group["options"]:
                 prefix = ""
             else:
-                prefix = "{}_".format(self.determine_opt_prefix(opt_name))
+                prefix = f"{self.determine_opt_prefix(opt_name)}_"
 
             self.view_list.append(
-                "*  :ref:`{short}{long}<{prefix}{opt_name}>`".format(
-                    short=short_opt_name,
-                    long=opt_name,
-                    prefix=prefix,
-                    opt_name=opt_name,
-                ),
+                f"*  :ref:`{short_opt_name}{opt_name}<{prefix}{opt_name}>`",
                 "\n",
             )
 

news/12393.trivial.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Enforce and update code to use f-strings via Ruff rule UP032

pyproject.toml

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ select = [
     "PLR0",
     "W",
     "RUF100",
+    "UP032",
 ]
 
 [tool.ruff.isort]

setup.py

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def get_version(rel_path: str) -> str:
     entry_points={
         "console_scripts": [
             "pip=pip._internal.cli.main:main",
-            "pip{}=pip._internal.cli.main:main".format(sys.version_info[0]),
+            f"pip{sys.version_info[0]}=pip._internal.cli.main:main",
             "pip{}.{}=pip._internal.cli.main:main".format(*sys.version_info[:2]),
         ],
     },

src/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py

@@ -582,10 +582,7 @@ def _handle_python_version(
     """
     version_info, error_msg = _convert_python_version(value)
     if error_msg is not None:
-        msg = "invalid --python-version value: {!r}: {}".format(
-            value,
-            error_msg,
-        )
+        msg = f"invalid --python-version value: {value!r}: {error_msg}"
         raise_option_error(parser, option=option, msg=msg)
 
     parser.values.python_version = version_info
@@ -921,9 +918,9 @@ def _handle_merge_hash(
         algo, digest = value.split(":", 1)
     except ValueError:
         parser.error(
-            "Arguments to {} must be a hash name "
+            f"Arguments to {opt_str} must be a hash name "
             "followed by a value, like --hash=sha256:"
-            "abcde...".format(opt_str)
+            "abcde..."
         )
     if algo not in STRONG_HASHES:
         parser.error(

src/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py

@@ -229,9 +229,9 @@ def _update_defaults(self, defaults: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
                     val = strtobool(val)
                 except ValueError:
                     self.error(
-                        "{} is not a valid value for {} option, "
+                        f"{val} is not a valid value for {key} option, "
                         "please specify a boolean value like yes/no, "
-                        "true/false or 1/0 instead.".format(val, key)
+                        "true/false or 1/0 instead."
                     )
             elif option.action == "count":
                 with suppress(ValueError):
@@ -240,10 +240,10 @@ def _update_defaults(self, defaults: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
                     val = int(val)
                 if not isinstance(val, int) or val < 0:
                     self.error(
-                        "{} is not a valid value for {} option, "
+                        f"{val} is not a valid value for {key} option, "
                         "please instead specify either a non-negative integer "
                         "or a boolean value like yes/no or false/true "
-                        "which is equivalent to 1/0.".format(val, key)
+                        "which is equivalent to 1/0."
                     )
             elif option.action == "append":
                 val = val.split()

src/pip/_internal/commands/cache.py

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ def remove_cache_items(self, options: Values, args: List[Any]) -> None:
             files += self._find_http_files(options)
         else:
             # Add the pattern to the log message
-            no_matching_msg += ' for pattern "{}"'.format(args[0])
+            no_matching_msg += f' for pattern "{args[0]}"'
 
         if not files:
             logger.warning(no_matching_msg)

src/pip/_internal/commands/configuration.py

@@ -242,17 +242,15 @@ def open_in_editor(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
                 e.filename = editor
             raise
         except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-            raise PipError(
-                "Editor Subprocess exited with exit code {}".format(e.returncode)
-            )
+            raise PipError(f"Editor Subprocess exited with exit code {e.returncode}")
 
     def _get_n_args(self, args: List[str], example: str, n: int) -> Any:
         """Helper to make sure the command got the right number of arguments"""
         if len(args) != n:
             msg = (
-                "Got unexpected number of arguments, expected {}. "
-                '(example: "{} config {}")'
-            ).format(n, get_prog(), example)
+                f"Got unexpected number of arguments, expected {n}. "
+                f'(example: "{get_prog()} config {example}")'
+            )
             raise PipError(msg)
 
         if n == 1:

src/pip/_internal/commands/debug.py

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ def show_actual_vendor_versions(vendor_txt_versions: Dict[str, str]) -> None:
         elif parse_version(actual_version) != parse_version(expected_version):
             extra_message = (
                 " (CONFLICT: vendor.txt suggests version should"
-                " be {})".format(expected_version)
+                f" be {expected_version})"
             )
         logger.info("%s==%s%s", module_name, actual_version, extra_message)
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def show_tags(options: Values) -> None:
     if formatted_target:
         suffix = f" (target: {formatted_target})"
 
-    msg = "Compatible tags: {}{}".format(len(tags), suffix)
+    msg = f"Compatible tags: {len(tags)}{suffix}"
     logger.info(msg)
 
     if options.verbose < 1 and len(tags) > tag_limit:
@@ -134,9 +134,7 @@ def show_tags(options: Values) -> None:
             logger.info(str(tag))
 
         if tags_limited:
-            msg = (
-                "...\n[First {tag_limit} tags shown. Pass --verbose to show all.]"
-            ).format(tag_limit=tag_limit)
+            msg = f"...\n[First {tag_limit} tags shown. Pass --verbose to show all.]"
             logger.info(msg)
 
 

src/pip/_internal/commands/index.py

@@ -128,12 +128,12 @@ def get_available_package_versions(self, options: Values, args: List[Any]) -> No
 
             if not versions:
                 raise DistributionNotFound(
-                    "No matching distribution found for {}".format(query)
+                    f"No matching distribution found for {query}"
                 )
 
             formatted_versions = [str(ver) for ver in sorted(versions, reverse=True)]
             latest = formatted_versions[0]
 
-        write_output("{} ({})".format(query, latest))
+        write_output(f"{query} ({latest})")
         write_output("Available versions: {}".format(", ".join(formatted_versions)))
         print_dist_installation_info(query, latest)

src/pip/_internal/commands/install.py

@@ -607,12 +607,8 @@ def _warn_about_conflicts(
             version = package_set[project_name][0]
             for dependency in missing[project_name]:
                 message = (
-                    "{name} {version} requires {requirement}, "
+                    f"{project_name} {version} requires {dependency[1]}, "
                     "which is not installed."
-                ).format(
-                    name=project_name,
-                    version=version,
-                    requirement=dependency[1],
                 )
                 parts.append(message)
 

src/pip/_internal/configuration.py

@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ def _disassemble_key(name: str) -> List[str]:
     if "." not in name:
         error_message = (
             "Key does not contain dot separated section and key. "
-            "Perhaps you wanted to use 'global.{}' instead?"
-        ).format(name)
+            f"Perhaps you wanted to use 'global.{name}' instead?"
+        )
         raise ConfigurationError(error_message)
     return name.split(".", 1)
 

src/pip/_internal/exceptions.py

@@ -247,10 +247,7 @@ def __init__(
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         # Use `dist` in the error message because its stringification
         # includes more information, like the version and location.
-        return "None {} metadata found for distribution: {}".format(
-            self.metadata_name,
-            self.dist,
-        )
+        return f"None {self.metadata_name} metadata found for distribution: {self.dist}"
 
 
 class UserInstallationInvalid(InstallationError):
@@ -594,7 +591,7 @@ def __init__(self, allowed: Dict[str, List[str]], gots: Dict[str, "_Hash"]) -> N
         self.gots = gots
 
     def body(self) -> str:
-        return "    {}:\n{}".format(self._requirement_name(), self._hash_comparison())
+        return f"    {self._requirement_name()}:\n{self._hash_comparison()}"
 
     def _hash_comparison(self) -> str:
         """
@@ -616,11 +613,9 @@ def hash_then_or(hash_name: str) -> "chain[str]":
         lines: List[str] = []
         for hash_name, expecteds in self.allowed.items():
             prefix = hash_then_or(hash_name)
-            lines.extend(
-                ("        Expected {} {}".format(next(prefix), e)) for e in expecteds
-            )
+            lines.extend((f"        Expected {next(prefix)} {e}") for e in expecteds)
             lines.append(
-                "             Got        {}\n".format(self.gots[hash_name].hexdigest())
+                f"             Got        {self.gots[hash_name].hexdigest()}\n"
             )
         return "\n".join(lines)
 

src/pip/_internal/index/package_finder.py

@@ -533,8 +533,8 @@ def _sort_key(self, candidate: InstallationCandidate) -> CandidateSortingKey:
                 )
             except ValueError:
                 raise UnsupportedWheel(
-                    "{} is not a supported wheel for this platform. It "
-                    "can't be sorted.".format(wheel.filename)
+                    f"{wheel.filename} is not a supported wheel for this platform. It "
+                    "can't be sorted."
                 )
             if self._prefer_binary:
                 binary_preference = 1
@@ -939,9 +939,7 @@ def _format_versions(cand_iter: Iterable[InstallationCandidate]) -> str:
                 _format_versions(best_candidate_result.iter_all()),
             )
 
-            raise DistributionNotFound(
-                "No matching distribution found for {}".format(req)
-            )
+            raise DistributionNotFound(f"No matching distribution found for {req}")
 
         def _should_install_candidate(
             candidate: Optional[InstallationCandidate],

src/pip/_internal/models/candidate.py

@@ -27,8 +27,4 @@ def __repr__(self) -> str:
         )
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
-        return "{!r} candidate (version {} at {})".format(
-            self.name,
-            self.version,
-            self.link,
-        )
+        return f"{self.name!r} candidate (version {self.version} at {self.link})"

src/pip/_internal/models/direct_url.py

@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ def _get(
     value = d[key]
     if not isinstance(value, expected_type):
         raise DirectUrlValidationError(
-            "{!r} has unexpected type for {} (expected {})".format(
-                value, key, expected_type
-            )
+            f"{value!r} has unexpected type for {key} (expected {expected_type})"
         )
     return value
 

src/pip/_internal/models/format_control.py

@@ -33,9 +33,7 @@ def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
         return all(getattr(self, k) == getattr(other, k) for k in self.__slots__)
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "{}({}, {})".format(
-            self.__class__.__name__, self.no_binary, self.only_binary
-        )
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self.no_binary}, {self.only_binary})"
 
     @staticmethod
     def handle_mutual_excludes(value: str, target: Set[str], other: Set[str]) -> None:

src/pip/_internal/models/link.py

@@ -368,9 +368,7 @@ def __str__(self) -> str:
         else:
             rp = ""
         if self.comes_from:
-            return "{} (from {}){}".format(
-                redact_auth_from_url(self._url), self.comes_from, rp
-            )
+            return f"{redact_auth_from_url(self._url)} (from {self.comes_from}){rp}"
         else:
             return redact_auth_from_url(str(self._url))
 

src/pip/_internal/network/download.py

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def _prepare_download(
     logged_url = redact_auth_from_url(url)
 
     if total_length:
-        logged_url = "{} ({})".format(logged_url, format_size(total_length))
+        logged_url = f"{logged_url} ({format_size(total_length)})"
 
     if is_from_cache(resp):
         logger.info("Using cached %s", logged_url)

src/pip/_internal/operations/install/wheel.py

@@ -164,16 +164,14 @@ def message_about_scripts_not_on_PATH(scripts: Sequence[str]) -> Optional[str]:
     for parent_dir, dir_scripts in warn_for.items():
         sorted_scripts: List[str] = sorted(dir_scripts)
         if len(sorted_scripts) == 1:
-            start_text = "script {} is".format(sorted_scripts[0])
+            start_text = f"script {sorted_scripts[0]} is"
         else:
             start_text = "scripts {} are".format(
                 ", ".join(sorted_scripts[:-1]) + " and " + sorted_scripts[-1]
             )
 
         msg_lines.append(
-            "The {} installed in '{}' which is not on PATH.".format(
-                start_text, parent_dir
-            )
+            f"The {start_text} installed in '{parent_dir}' which is not on PATH."
         )
 
     last_line_fmt = (
@@ -321,9 +319,7 @@ def get_console_script_specs(console: Dict[str, str]) -> List[str]:
             scripts_to_generate.append("pip = " + pip_script)
 
         if os.environ.get("ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS", "") != "altinstall":
-            scripts_to_generate.append(
-                "pip{} = {}".format(sys.version_info[0], pip_script)
-            )
+            scripts_to_generate.append(f"pip{sys.version_info[0]} = {pip_script}")
 
         scripts_to_generate.append(f"pip{get_major_minor_version()} = {pip_script}")
         # Delete any other versioned pip entry points
@@ -336,9 +332,7 @@ def get_console_script_specs(console: Dict[str, str]) -> List[str]:
             scripts_to_generate.append("easy_install = " + easy_install_script)
 
         scripts_to_generate.append(
-            "easy_install-{} = {}".format(
-                get_major_minor_version(), easy_install_script
-            )
+            f"easy_install-{get_major_minor_version()} = {easy_install_script}"
         )
         # Delete any other versioned easy_install entry points
         easy_install_ep = [
@@ -408,10 +402,10 @@ def save(self) -> None:
 class MissingCallableSuffix(InstallationError):
     def __init__(self, entry_point: str) -> None:
         super().__init__(
-            "Invalid script entry point: {} - A callable "
+            f"Invalid script entry point: {entry_point} - A callable "
             "suffix is required. Cf https://packaging.python.org/"
             "specifications/entry-points/#use-for-scripts for more "
-            "information.".format(entry_point)
+            "information."
         )
 
 
@@ -712,7 +706,7 @@ def req_error_context(req_description: str) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
     try:
         yield
     except InstallationError as e:
-        message = "For req: {}. {}".format(req_description, e.args[0])
+        message = f"For req: {req_description}. {e.args[0]}"
         raise InstallationError(message) from e
 
 

src/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py

@@ -603,8 +603,8 @@ def _prepare_linked_requirement(
                 )
             except NetworkConnectionError as exc:
                 raise InstallationError(
-                    "Could not install requirement {} because of HTTP "
-                    "error {} for URL {}".format(req, exc, link)
+                    f"Could not install requirement {req} because of HTTP "
+                    f"error {exc} for URL {link}"
                 )
         else:
             file_path = self._downloaded[link.url]
@@ -684,9 +684,9 @@ def prepare_editable_requirement(
         with indent_log():
             if self.require_hashes:
                 raise InstallationError(
-                    "The editable requirement {} cannot be installed when "
+                    f"The editable requirement {req} cannot be installed when "
                     "requiring hashes, because there is no single file to "
-                    "hash.".format(req)
+                    "hash."
                 )
             req.ensure_has_source_dir(self.src_dir)
             req.update_editable()
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ def prepare_installed_requirement(
         assert req.satisfied_by, "req should have been satisfied but isn't"
         assert skip_reason is not None, (
             "did not get skip reason skipped but req.satisfied_by "
-            "is set to {}".format(req.satisfied_by)
+            f"is set to {req.satisfied_by}"
         )
         logger.info(
             "Requirement %s: %s (%s)", skip_reason, req, req.satisfied_by.version