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The Integral Test cannot be applied to the sum of a positive increasi…
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…ng function.
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paulvojta committed Aug 14, 2022
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Expand Up @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ $m = random(2,6,1);

qa(~~@questions, ~~@answers,
"\( \displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^\infty n e^{-$a n} \)" , "CONV",
"\( \displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^\infty n e^{$a n} \)" , "DIV",
"\( \displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^\infty n e^{$a n} \)" , "NA",
"\( \displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{\ln{($d n)}}{n} \)" , "DIV",
"\( \displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{$b}{n \ln ($c n)} \)" , "DIV",
"\( \displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{$b}{n (\ln ($c n))^{$m}} \)" , "CONV",
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -213,18 +213,10 @@ EOT

if ($slice[$i] == 1) {
&SOLUTION(EV3(<<'EOT'));
($j). The function \(f(x) = x e^{$a x}\) is continuous and increasing because it is the product of
continuous increasing functions, so \(f(x) \geq f(1)=e^{$a}\) when \(1\leq x < \infty\). Thus
\[ \int_1^{\infty} f(x) \; dx \geq \int_1^{\infty} e^{$a} \; dx = \infty.\]
Since \(f\) is increasing it follows that
\[ f(n) \geq \int_{n-1}^n f(x)\; dx \text{ for each } n=2,3,4,\cdots\]
thus one can apply the integral test:
\[ \begin{aligned} \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} f(n) &= f(1) + \sum_{n=2}^{\infty}f(n) \\
&\geq f(1)+\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \int_{n-1}^n f(x)\; dx \\
&= f(1) + \int_1^{\infty} f(x)\; dx \\
& = \infty,
\end{aligned}\]
which shows that the series diverges.
($j). The function \(f(x) = x e^{$a x}\) is increasing because it is
the product of positive increasing functions. Therefore it is not
a decreasing function, so the Integral Test does not apply, and
the correct answer is NA.

EOT
}
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