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Fix up css for the rahr and move changes to site
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This file is a draft of the new changes for http://www.jirka.org/ra/changes.html | ||
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The theme of this revision is trying to fix all the minor issues and errata I | ||
could find, and improve clarity, but not make any large changes, nor add any | ||
content. Perhaps the biggest change are 3 new exercises. Two are there to | ||
fix an erratum, and one was sort of kind of hidden part of an old exercise. | ||
There are a few new explanatory sentences here and there, | ||
but nothing new beyond that. | ||
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<li>Add a very short finite example of cartesian product after | ||
Definition 0.3.10. | ||
<li>Make Definition 0.3.11 (function) a bit easier to read by explicitly | ||
stating that it is the $y$ that is unique. | ||
<li>In Definition 0.3.11 (function), define codomain. It does appear in at | ||
least one place in the book, and it may be good for the sake of being a | ||
reference book. | ||
<li>Example 0.3.32 is a bit too informal and just leaves out 0 and the | ||
negatives, so add that. | ||
<li>Move the argument for why infimum and supremum are unique to right | ||
after Definition 1.1.2 and note why this means that the notation is | ||
well-defined. | ||
<li>In Definition 1.1.1 (ordered set), label "transitivity" and "trichotomy" | ||
<li>Remove the first sentence of the proof of Proposition 1.1.9 and just | ||
give the example before the proof. It is not really part of the "proof" of | ||
the statement itself. | ||
<li>In the proof of Example 1.2.3, the second displayed estimate, the $h$ is | ||
given as an equality, so the last $\leq$ is actually $=$. | ||
Also show explicitly that $s-h > 0$ to fix erratum. | ||
<li>Improve the wording of proof of 1.4.2, also in the same proof the sets | ||
$A$ and $B$ were being defined but we only used $=$ and not $:=$. Also, | ||
change $b_k$ to just be any number in $(a_k,b_{k-1})$, that is simpler and | ||
sufficient. | ||
<li>In Definition 2.1.9, move the "Some authors use the word monotonic." to a | ||
footnote to simplify the definition. | ||
<li>After definition 2.1.9 mention $\{ n \}$ as an example of a monotone | ||
increasing sequence. | ||
<li>Simplify the proof of Proposition 2.1.10. Don't say anything about the | ||
$B$, we never use the bound, just say the set of values is bounded, that is | ||
good enough to compute the supremum. | ||
<li>After Definition 2.1.16, explicitly mention what we mean by a subsequence | ||
by writing $x_{n_1},x_{n_2},x_{n_3},\ldots$. | ||
<li><b>Add Exercise 2.1.23</b> | ||
<li>In Proposition 2.2.11, recast the proof of unboundedness to not be a | ||
contradiction proof. It's the same idea, but it avoids having to explain | ||
why it is a contradiction, and avoids a contradiction proof. | ||
<li>In Example 2.2.14, use $M$ instead of $N$ for consistency. | ||
<li><b>Add Exercise 2.3.20</b> | ||
<li>Before Proposition 2.5.6, make "tail of a series" a defined term and add | ||
it to index. | ||
<li>Rephrase the last argument in the proof of Proposition 2.5.17 to be a | ||
little bit more straightforward. | ||
<li><b>Add useful remark to Exercise 2.5.6.</b> | ||
<li><b>Add remark to Exercise 2.5.16 about starting the series, and that only | ||
tails satisfy the hypotheses, so that students do not forget to check these | ||
technicalities.</b> | ||
<li>Add footnote on $L=\infty$ to proof of Proposition 2.6.1 | ||
<li>Add a better introductory sentence to cluster points in 3.1.1. | ||
<li>In Lemma 3.1.7 and Proposition 3.1.17, add $L \in {\mathbb{R}}$ to the | ||
hypotheses, that makes it clearer that it is a given number. | ||
<li><b>Since every semester I get a question about Exercise 3.1.1, add a | ||
parenthetical remark: Yes one must prove the limit is what one claims | ||
it is.</b> | ||
<li><b>In Exercise 3.1.11, change "Then show $f(x) \to L$ as $x \to c$ for some | ||
$L \in {\mathbb{R}}$" to "Then show that the limit of $f(x)$ as $x \to c$ exists." | ||
Perhaps that will make students not start on the wrong path of starting with | ||
some $L$ existing rather than proving that it exists.</b> | ||
<li>When proving the Thomae function (3.2.12) is continuous at irrational | ||
numbers, note that since the limit of $\{ x_n \}$ is $c$, then every | ||
rational number is in the sequence at most finitely many times. | ||
<li>At the end of example 3.2.13, mention that $g$ is in fact continuous on $B$. | ||
<li>After proof of Lemma 3.3.1, add a short paragraph highlighting the use of | ||
Bolzano-Weierstrass, to emphasize the technique. It changes the pagination | ||
of 3.3 a tiny bit (inadvertently getting less jarring page breaks) | ||
<li>Reword slightly the end of the proof of Example 3.4.3 to improve clarity. | ||
<li>Add two lines of text after proof of Theorem 3.4.4 to make a similar | ||
point as for 3.3.1, again changing pagination of the rest of 3.4 very | ||
slightly. | ||
<li><b>The "In other words" of Exercise 4.1.14 is confusingly stated with an | ||
inequality, while the way to prove it is simply with an equality, that was | ||
a cut and paste typo. Of course it is true with an inequality still.</b> | ||
<li><b>In Exercise 4.1.15 (simple L'Hospital's rule) note that the limit of the | ||
quotient of derivatives must exist, no need to "suppose" it, we're assuming | ||
here that the derivatives are continuous and the denominator is never | ||
zero. Also assume that $g(x)\not= 0$ if $x \not= c$. While it can be | ||
proved that $g(x) \not= 0$ in some neighborhood of $c$, that was not | ||
intended in this simple version.</b> | ||
<li><b>Added Exercise 4.1.16 to keep this sort of exercise explicitly. That | ||
is, if $f'(c) > 0$, then show that $f(x)$ is negative a bit before $c$ | ||
and positive for a bit after $c$, thus zero only at $x=c$.</b> | ||
<li>Be a little bit more precise in the proof of Lemma 4.2.2 to say that | ||
all the $x$ and the $y$ are still within $\delta$ of $c$. | ||
<li>In the proof of Proposition 4.2.6 (and also 4.2.7) note explicitly | ||
that $[x,y] \subset I$ because $I$ is an interval. | ||
<li><b>In Exercise 4.2.9, add a note that the student needs to prove that | ||
$g(x)$ is not zero for $x \not= c$ so that the left hand side of the | ||
equality makes any sense at all.</b> | ||
<li><b>In Exercise 4.3.2, ask about the $d$th Taylor polynomial, not the | ||
$(d+1)$th, that was a typo. Though of course the exercise is still true | ||
for $d+1$.</b> | ||
<li>In Definition 5.1.6 and proof of Proposition 5.1.7 use $\ell$ instead of | ||
$m$ since $m$ is used all over the place for a minimum of the function. | ||
<li>In proof of 5.3.5, explicitly mention the domain of $F$ for clarity. | ||
<li>In Propositions 7.2.6 and 7.2.8 explicitly mention that the sets are | ||
subsets of $X$. | ||
<li>Throughout get rid of the use of the word "any" where it could be ambiguous. | ||
<li>Fix a couple of uses of "=" where ":=" is more appropriate. | ||
<li>Improve the typesetting of some statements. | ||
<li>Some minor clarifications and tightening of the language a bit throughout | ||
the book. | ||
<li> |
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This file is a draft of the new changes for http://www.jirka.org/ra/changes2.html | ||
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<li>Make line in Figure 9.6 a bit bolder to make it easier to pick out. | ||
<li>In Proposition 10.3.7, use $\ell$ for the number of balls to make it | ||
clear that the number is quite likely different from the number of | ||
rectangles. | ||
<li>Fix a couple of uses of "=" where ":=" is more appropriate. | ||
<li>Some minor clarifications and fixes to style and grammar. | ||
<li> |
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