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Second Commit #140

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d173b24
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rberbenkova Oct 9, 2025
d62186b
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rberbenkova Oct 9, 2025
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183 changes: 144 additions & 39 deletions lab-oop_in_python.ipynb
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -30,17 +30,31 @@
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"260 20000\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Your code here\n",
"class Vehicle:\n",
" # Hint: Define __init__ method with parameters for max_speed and mileage\n",
" pass\n",
" # Define the Vehicle class (class like a blueprint for creating objects)\n",
" \n",
" def __init__(self, max_speed, mileage): #constructor, runs automatically whenever a vehicle object created\n",
" self.max_speed = max_speed #takes parameters max speed and mileage\n",
" self.mileage = mileage #assigns them to the object\n",
" \n",
" # self.max_speed = max_speed - store the value of max_speed inside the object's data\n",
"\n",
"# Example instantiation\n",
"modelX = Vehicle() # Create an instance of Vehicle\n",
"# Example instantiation - creating an object instance- makes new Vehicle\n",
"modelX = Vehicle(260, 20000) # Create an instance(modelX) of Vehicle \n",
"\n",
"# Print attributes\n",
"print(modelX.max_speed, modelX.mileage) # Expected output: (value of max_speed, value of mileage)"
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -68,13 +82,36 @@
}
],
"source": [
"# Your code here\n",
"class Vehicle:\n",
" pass\n",
"# This is useful when you're designing a program and want to define your structure first\n",
"\n",
"# Example instantiation\n",
"class Vehicle: #defines a class named Vehicle\n",
" \n",
" #Method 1 - From built-in object type \n",
" #pass - acts as a placeholder, so Python doesn't give an error (empty class)\n",
" \n",
" #Method 2 - Using empty docstring\n",
" \"\"\"Vehicle class\"\"\"\n",
" \n",
" #Method 3 - Using ellipsis(...) RESEARCH MORE\n",
" # ...\n",
" #EXPLANATION: \n",
" #Ellipsis Literal (...) - builti-in constant; singleton object of type ellipsis - represents ommission (to be filled in later)\n",
"\n",
" \n",
" #Method 4 - Using a null lambda\n",
" #__init__ = lambda self: None\n",
" \n",
" # EXPLANATION: lambda function as a method \n",
" # lambda self: None - creates an anonymous function; takes self as parameter; Returns None (does nothing) \n",
" \n",
" # __init__ is the constructor method in Python\n",
" # assigning our lambda to __init__(creating a custom constructor) \n",
" # this overrides the default inherrited __init__ method\n",
"\n",
"# Example instantiation - can still create an object from it (with no data, methods)\n",
"my_vehicle = Vehicle()\n",
"print(type(my_vehicle)) # Expected output: <class '__main__.Vehicle'>"
"print(type(my_vehicle)) #Python shows what type of object my vehicle is \n",
"# Expected output: <class '__main__.Vehicle'>"
]
},
{
Expand All @@ -99,13 +136,28 @@
}
],
"source": [
"# Your code here\n",
"class Bus(Vehicle):\n",
" pass\n",
"\n",
"# create a Child Class (Bus)\n",
"class Bus(Vehicle): # inherits all attributes and methods from (Vehicle) Bus is a child/subclass of Vehicle\n",
" pass # no init method defined, automatically uses one from vehicle\n",
" # Bus objects have access to self.max_speed, self.mileage and any later defined methods\n",
"# Example instantiation\n",
"school_bus = Bus()\n",
"print(type(school_bus)) # Expected output: <class '__main__.Bus'>"
"school_bus = Bus() #create an instant/object of the Bus class (school_bus)\n",
"print(type(school_bus)) # Expected output: <class '__main__.Bus'>\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"# if you want to add extra features to the Bus class(in addtition to Vehicle)\n",
"# class Bus(Vehicle):\n",
" #def __init__(self, max_speed, mileage, capacity):\n",
" # Call the parent class constructor\n",
" #super().__init__(max_speed, mileage)\n",
" #self.capacity = capacity\n",
"# then\n",
" #school_bus = Bus(120, 15000, 50)\n",
" #print(\"Max speed:\", school_bus.max_speed)\n",
" #print(\"Mileage:\", school_bus.mileage)\n",
" #print(\"Capacity:\", school_bus.capacity)\n",
" "
]
},
{
Expand All @@ -125,19 +177,23 @@
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Base fare\n"
"Base fare with extra charge\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Your code here\n",
"# Define parent class Vehicle with a fare() method\n",
"class Vehicle:\n",
" \n",
" def fare(self):\n",
" return \"Base fare\"\n",
"\n",
"class Bus(Vehicle):\n",
"class Bus(Vehicle): #Bus inherits from Vehicle, but needs to override fare() method\n",
" # Hint: Override fare method to include extra charges\n",
" pass\n",
" def fare(self):\n",
" base_fare = super().fare() #calls the parent Vehicle version of fare()\n",
" new_fare = base_fare + \" with extra charge\" # adds/overrides parent's method\n",
" return new_fare\n",
"\n",
"school_bus = Bus()\n",
"print(school_bus.fare()) # Expected output: \"Base fare with extra charge\""
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -165,17 +221,43 @@
}
],
"source": [
"# Your code here\n",
"# Define a Class with a Class Attribute (ex with Vehicle class)\n",
"class Vehicle:\n",
" color = \"White\" # Hint: Define color as a class attribute\n",
"\n",
" def __init__(self, name, max_speed, mileage):\n",
" color = \"White\" # Hint: Define color as a class attribute (shared by all instances)\n",
" # when color = \"White\" inside the class (but outside _init_); every intance gets this same default value\n",
" def __init__(self, name, max_speed, mileage): # instance attributes - belong to specific objects\n",
" self.name = name\n",
" self.max_speed = max_speed\n",
" self.mileage = mileage\n",
"\n",
"school_bus = Vehicle(\"School Volvo\", 180, 12)\n",
"print(school_bus.color) # Expected output: \"White\""
"print(school_bus.color) # Expected output: \"White\"\n",
"\n",
"# Option: Change the Class Attribute for Everyone (if you update the class attribute, it changes for all objects)\n",
"# unless instance overrides it\n",
" #Vehicle.color = \"White\"\n",
" #print(school_bus.color) # expected output - White\n",
" \n",
"# Option: Change for One Object Only (overrides the class attribute)\n",
" # school_bus.color = \"White\"\n",
" # print(school_bus.color) # expected output - \"White\"\n",
" \n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 38,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# SUMMARY\n",
"# Class Attribute - ex: color = \"White\"\n",
" # defined inside the class, outside methods\n",
" # shared by all objects\n",
"# Instance Attribute - ex: self.name; self.mileage\n",
" # Inside _init_()\n",
" # unique to each object\n",
"\n"
]
},
{
Expand All @@ -195,27 +277,40 @@
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Total Bus fare is: 5000\n"
"Total Bus fare is: 5500.0\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Your code here\n",
"class Vehicle:\n",
" def __init__(self, name, mileage, capacity):\n",
" self.name = name\n",
"# combine inheritance, method overriding, and a default fare formula\n",
"class Vehicle: # Base (parent) class for all types of vehicles\n",
" \n",
" def __init__(self, name, mileage, capacity): # has instance variables: name, mileage and capacity\n",
" self.name = name \n",
" self.mileage = mileage\n",
" self.capacity = capacity\n",
"\n",
" def fare(self):\n",
" def fare(self): #default fare calculation # the method fare() returns capacity *100 - default fare formula\n",
" return self.capacity * 100\n",
"\n",
"class Bus(Vehicle):\n",
" \n",
"# Child class (Bus) \n",
"class Bus(Vehicle): # Bus inherits from Vehicle\n",
" # Hint: Override fare method to include maintenance charge\n",
" pass\n",
" def fare(self):\n",
" base_fare = super().fare() #get base from parent class\n",
" new_fare = base_fare + (0.1 * base_fare) # new fare wirh addirional maintainance charge\n",
" return new_fare #return overriden new_fare\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"# Create a Bus object\n",
"school_bus = Bus(\"School Volvo\", 12, 50)\n",
"print(\"Total Bus fare is:\", school_bus.fare()) # Expected output: Total Bus fare is: (calculated amount)"
"# print the total fare\n",
"print(f\"Total Bus fare is: {school_bus.fare()}\") \n",
"\n",
"# line has two parts \n",
" #1. school_bus.fare() - calls a method named fare(), that belongs to school_bus object in the Bus class; calculates; returns \n",
" #2. f before the string (firmatted string literal f-string); anything inside {...} is evaluated first, then inserted into the str.\n",
"# Expected output: Total Bus fare is: (calculated amount)"
]
},
{
Expand All @@ -226,6 +321,15 @@
"Write a program to determine which class a given object belongs to."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"print('Hello')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
Expand All @@ -240,7 +344,7 @@
}
],
"source": [
"# Your code here\n",
"# to check the type of any object - use built-in function type()\n",
"school_bus = Bus(\"School Volvo\", 12, 50)\n",
"print(type(school_bus)) # Expected output: <class '__main__.Bus'>"
]
Expand All @@ -267,7 +371,8 @@
}
],
"source": [
"# Your code here\n",
"\n",
" \n",
"print(isinstance(school_bus, Vehicle)) # Expected output: True or False based on inheritance"
]
},
Expand All @@ -287,7 +392,7 @@
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": ".venv",
"display_name": "Python 3",
"language": "python",
"name": "python3"
},
Expand All @@ -301,7 +406,7 @@
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.8.0"
"version": "3.13.7"
}
},
"nbformat": 4,
Expand Down