Dining Philosophers Problem - Rust

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Five philosophers dine together at the same table. Each philosopher has their own place at the table. There is a fork between each plate. The dish served is a kind of spaghetti which has to be eaten with two forks. Each philosopher can only alternately think and eat. Moreover, a philosopher can only eat their spaghetti when they have both a left and right fork. Thus two forks will only be available when their two nearest neighbors are thinking, not eating. After an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put down both forks.

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Example STDOUT

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Logical View

graph TD
    
    %% Philosophers (Light Yellow, Round Rectangles)
    Pythagoras[Pythagoras 🍽️]
    Plato[Plato 🍽️]
    Hypatia[Hypatia 🍽️]
    Socrates[Socrates 🍽️]
    Aristotle[Aristotle 🍽️]
    
    %% Plates (Green, Circles)
    Plate0((Plate 0))
    Plate1((Plate 1))
    Plate2((Plate 2))
    Plate3((Plate 3))
    Plate4((Plate 4))

    %% Forks (Blue, Squares)
    Fork0[Fork 0]
    Fork1[Fork 1]
    Fork2[Fork 2]
    Fork3[Fork 3]
    Fork4[Fork 4]

    %% Connect philosophers to their plates and forks
    Pythagoras --> Plate0
    Plato --> Plate1
    Hypatia --> Plate2
    Socrates --> Plate3
    Aristotle --> Plate4

    subgraph Table
    Plate0 --> Fork0
    Plate0 --> Fork4

    Plate1 --> Fork1
    Plate1 --> Fork0

    Plate2 --> Fork1
    Plate2 --> Fork2

    Plate3 --> Fork2
    Plate3 --> Fork3

    Plate4 --> Fork3
    Plate4 --> Fork4
    end

    %% Custom Styles for Nodes
    style Pythagoras fill:#f26,stroke:#8b4513,stroke-width:2px
    style Plato fill:#f26,stroke:#8b4513,stroke-width:2px
    style Hypatia fill:#f26,stroke:#8b4513,stroke-width:2px
    style Socrates fill:#f26,stroke:#8b4513,stroke-width:2px
    style Aristotle fill:#f26,stroke:#8b4513,stroke-width:2px

    style Plate0 fill:#00008B,stroke:#006400,stroke-width:2px
    style Plate1 fill:#00008B,stroke:#006400,stroke-width:2px
    style Plate2 fill:#00008B,stroke:#006400,stroke-width:2px
    style Plate3 fill:#00008B,stroke:#006400,stroke-width:2px
    style Plate4 fill:#00008B,stroke:#006400,stroke-width:2px

    style Fork0 fill:#228B22,stroke:#4682b4,stroke-width:2px
    style Fork1 fill:#228B22,stroke:#4682b4,stroke-width:2px
    style Fork2 fill:#228B22,stroke:#4682b4,stroke-width:2px
    style Fork3 fill:#228B22,stroke:#4682b4,stroke-width:2px
    style Fork4 fill:#228B22,stroke:#4682b4,stroke-width:2px

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Sequence Diagram

sequenceDiagram
    %% Define custom styles for philosophers and forks
    participant Pythagoras as "Pythagoras 🍽️":::philosopher
    participant Plato as "Plato 🍽️":::philosopher
    participant Hypatia as "Hypatia 🍽️":::philosopher
    participant Socrates as "Socrates 🍽️":::philosopher
    participant Aristotle as "Aristotle 🍽️":::philosopher
    participant Fork0 as "Fork 0":::fork
    participant Fork1 as "Fork 1":::fork
    participant Fork2 as "Fork 2":::fork
    participant Fork3 as "Fork 3":::fork
    participant Fork4 as "Fork 4":::fork

    %% Philosophers pick up forks (indicating left and right fork)
    Pythagoras ->> Fork0: Pick up Left Fork
    Pythagoras ->> Fork4: Pick up Right Fork
    Plato ->> Fork1: Pick up Left Fork
    Plato ->> Fork0: Pick up Right Fork
    Hypatia ->> Fork2: Pick up Left Fork
    Hypatia ->> Fork1: Pick up Right Fork
    Socrates ->> Fork3: Pick up Left Fork
    Socrates ->> Fork2: Pick up Right Fork
    Aristotle ->> Fork4: Pick up Left Fork
    Aristotle ->> Fork3: Pick up Right Fork

    %% Philosophers wait if a fork is unavailable
    Plato ->> Fork0: Wait for Right Fork (Blocked)
    Hypatia ->> Fork1: Wait for Right Fork (Blocked)
    Socrates ->> Fork2: Wait for Right Fork (Blocked)
    Aristotle ->> Fork3: Wait for Right Fork (Blocked)

    %% Philosophers can eat after both forks are picked up
    Pythagoras ->> Pythagoras: Eating 🍝
    Plato ->> Plato: Eating 🍝
    Hypatia ->> Hypatia: Eating 🍝
    Socrates ->> Socrates: Eating 🍝
    Aristotle ->> Aristotle: Eating 🍝

    %% Philosophers release forks
    Pythagoras ->> Fork0: Release Left Fork
    Pythagoras ->> Fork4: Release Right Fork
    Plato ->> Fork1: Release Left Fork
    Plato ->> Fork0: Release Right Fork
    Hypatia ->> Fork2: Release Left Fork
    Hypatia ->> Fork1: Release Right Fork
    Socrates ->> Fork3: Release Left Fork
    Socrates ->> Fork2: Release Right Fork
    Aristotle ->> Fork4: Release Left Fork
    Aristotle ->> Fork3: Release Right Fork

    %% Repeat cycle of picking up forks, eating, and releasing forks
    Pythagoras ->> Fork0: Pick up Left Fork
    Pythagoras ->> Fork4: Pick up Right Fork
    Plato ->> Fork1: Pick up Left Fork
    Plato ->> Fork0: Pick up Right Fork
    Hypatia ->> Fork2: Pick up Left Fork
    Hypatia ->> Fork1: Pick up Right Fork
    Socrates ->> Fork3: Pick up Left Fork
    Socrates ->> Fork2: Pick up Right Fork
    Aristotle ->> Fork4: Pick up Left Fork
    Aristotle ->> Fork3: Pick up Right Fork
    Note over All: Repeat cycle with no delays

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Build

cargo build

Run

./target/debug/dining-philosophers