Support exclude_alerts parameter in Prometheus list rules endpoint

[alexander-akhmetov]

What this PR does

Adds exclude_alerts GET parameter to the Prometheus rules API endpoint, same as in Prometheus (documentation).

It also passes the parameter further to other replicas in the gRPC call.

Example

Without exclude_alerts

curl -s 'http://127.0.0.1:8001/prometheus/api/v1/rules?rule_group=group_2&rule_name=alert_0' | jq
{
  "status": "success",
  "data": {
    "groups": [
      {
        "name": "group_2",
        "file": "mimirtool",
        "rules": [
          {
            "state": "firing",
            "name": "alert_0",
            "query": "vector(1) > 0",
            "duration": 60,
            "keepFiringFor": 0,
            "labels": {
              "severity": "no"
            },
            "annotations": {
              "summary": "Always firing"
            },
            "alerts": [
              {
                "labels": {
                  "alertname": "alert_0",
                  "severity": "no"
                },
                "annotations": {
                  "summary": "Always firing"
                },
                "state": "firing",
                "activeAt": "2024-09-17T12:14:31.71939972Z",
                "value": "1e+00"
              }
            ],
            "health": "ok",
            "lastError": "",
            "type": "alerting",
            "lastEvaluation": "2024-09-17T12:17:31.722263334Z",
            "evaluationTime": 0.005084959
          }
        ],
        "interval": 30,
        "lastEvaluation": "2024-09-17T12:17:31.722165334Z",
        "evaluationTime": 0.017278292,
        "sourceTenants": null
      }
    ]
  },
  "errorType": "",
  "error": ""
}

exclude_alerts=true

curl -s 'http://127.0.0.1:8001/prometheus/api/v1/rules?rule_group=group_2&rule_name=alert_0&exclude_alerts=true' | jq
{
"status": "success",
"data": {
  "groups": [
    {
      "name": "group_2",
      "file": "mimirtool",
      "rules": [
        {
          "state": "firing",
          "name": "alert_0",
          "query": "vector(1) > 0",
          "duration": 60,
          "keepFiringFor": 0,
          "labels": {
            "severity": "no"
          },
          "annotations": {
            "summary": "Always firing"
          },
          "alerts": null,
          "health": "ok",
          "lastError": "",
          "type": "alerting",
          "lastEvaluation": "2024-09-17T12:17:31.722263334Z",
          "evaluationTime": 0.005084959
        }
      ],
      "interval": 30,
      "lastEvaluation": "2024-09-17T12:17:31.722165334Z",
      "evaluationTime": 0.017278292,
      "sourceTenants": null
    }
  ]
},
"errorType": "",
"error": ""
}

Which issue(s) this PR fixes or relates to

Fixes https://github.com/grafana/alerting-squad/issues/912
Part of https://github.com/grafana/alerting-squad/issues/871

Checklist

• Tests updated.
• Documentation added.
• CHANGELOG.md updated - the order of entries should be [CHANGE], [FEATURE], [ENHANCEMENT], [BUGFIX].
• about-versioning.md updated with experimental features.

[CLAassistant]

All committers have signed the CLA.

[fayzal-g]

Few nits, looks good otherwise!

[tacole02]

LGTM 😄