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Fix tests failing on assert
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tarsil committed Sep 29, 2023
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100 changes: 100 additions & 0 deletions docs/queries.md
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# Queries

Making queries is a must when using an ODM and being able to make complex queries is even better
when allowed.

MongDB is known for its performance when querying a database and it is very fast. T

When making queries in a [document][document], the ODM allow two different possible ways of querying.
One is using its internal **manager** and the second its internal **queryset**.

In reality, the `manager` and `queryset` are very similar but for internal purposes it was decided
to call both in this way to be clear in the way the queries can be done.

If you haven't yet seen the [documents][document] section, now would be a great time to have a look
and get yourself acquainted .

For the purpose of this documentation, we will be showing how to query using both the `manager` and
the `queryset`.

Both queryset and manager work really well also when combibed. In the end is up to the developer
to decide which one it prefers better.

## QuerySet and Manager

When making queries within Mongoz, this return or an object if you want only one result or a
`queryset`/`manager` which is the internal representation of the results.

If you are familiar with Django querysets, this is **almost** the same and by almost is because
mongoz restricts loosely queryset variable assignments.

Let us get familar with queries.

Let us assume you have the following `User` document defined.

```python
{!> ../docs_src/queries/document.py !}
```

As mentioned before, Mongoz allows to use two ways of querying. Via `manager` and via `queryset`.
Both allow chain calls, for instance, `sort()` with a `limit()` combined.

For instance, let us create a user.

=== "Manager"

```python
user = await User.objects.create(
first_name="Mongoz", last_name="ODM", email="[email protected]",
password="Compl3x!pa$$"
)
```

=== "QuerySet"

```python
user = await User(
first_name="Mongoz", last_name="ODM", email="[email protected]",
password="Compl3x!pa$$"
).create()
```

As you can see, the **manager** uses the `objects` to access the operations and the `queryset` does
it in a different way.

For those familiar with Django, the `manager` follows the same lines.

Let us now query the database to obtain a simple record but filtering it by `email` and `first_name`.
We want this to return a list since we are using a `filter`.

=== "Manager"

```python
users = await User.objects.filter(
email="[email protected]", first_name="Mongo"
)
```

=== "QuerySet"

```python
users = await User.query(User.email == "[email protected]").query(
User.first_name == "Mongo"
).all()
```

Quite simple right? Well yes, although preferably we would recommend the use of the `manager` for
almost everything you can do with Mongoz, sometimes using the `queryset` can be also useful if
you like different syntaxes. This syntax was inspired by Mongox.

## Returning managers/querysets

There are many operations you can do with the managers/querysets and then you can also leverage those
for your use cases.

The following operators return `managers`/`querysets` which means you can combine different
operators at the same time.



[document]: ./documents.md
16 changes: 16 additions & 0 deletions docs_src/queries/document.py
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import mongoz

database_uri = "mongodb://localhost:27017"
registry = mongoz.Registry(database_uri)


class User(mongoz.Document):
is_active: bool = mongoz.Boolean(default=True)
first_name: str = mongoz.String(max_length=50)
last_name: str = mongoz.String(max_length=50)
email: str = mongoz.Email(max_lengh=100)
password: str = mongoz.String(max_length=1000)

class Meta:
registry = registry
database = "my_db"
2 changes: 0 additions & 2 deletions docs_src/quickstart/quickstart.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
import asyncio

import mongoz

database_uri = "mongodb://localhost:27017"
Expand Down
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions mongoz/conf/global_settings.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ class MongozSettings(BaseSettings):
"exact": "eq",
"neq": "neq",
"contains": "contains",
"icontains": "icontains",
"in": "in_",
"not_in": "not_in",
"pattern": "pattern",
Expand All @@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ class MongozSettings(BaseSettings):
"lte": "lte",
"asc": "asc",
"desc": "desc",
"not": "not_",
}

def get_operator(self, name: str) -> "Expression":
Expand Down
26 changes: 22 additions & 4 deletions mongoz/core/db/querysets/core/manager.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ def _find_and_replace_id(self, key: str) -> str:
return cast(str, self.model_class.id.pydantic_field.alias) # type: ignore
return key

def filter_query(self, **kwargs: Any) -> "Manager":
def filter_query(self, exclude: bool = False, **kwargs: Any) -> "Manager":
"""
Builds the filter query for the given manager.
"""
Expand All @@ -131,6 +131,12 @@ def filter_query(self, **kwargs: Any) -> "Manager":
lookup_operator in settings.filter_operators
), f"`{lookup_operator}` is not a valid lookup operator. Valid operators: {settings.stringified_operators}"

if exclude:
operator = self.get_operator("neq")
expression = operator(field_name, value) # type: ignore
clauses.append(expression)
continue

# For "eq", "neq", "contains", "where", "pattern"
if lookup_operator in VALUE_EQUALITY:
operator = self.get_operator(lookup_operator)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -182,9 +188,14 @@ def filter_query(self, **kwargs: Any) -> "Manager":
clauses.append(expression)

else:
operator = self.get_operator("exact")
expression = operator(key, value) # type: ignore
clauses.append(expression)
if exclude:
operator = self.get_operator("neq")
expression = operator(key, value) # type: ignore
clauses.append(expression)
else:
operator = self.get_operator("exact")
expression = operator(key, value) # type: ignore
clauses.append(expression)

filter_clauses += clauses

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -333,6 +344,13 @@ async def distinct_values(self, key: str) -> List[Any]:
values = await manager._collection.find(filter_query).distinct(key=key)
return cast(List[Any], values)

def exclude(self, **kwargs: Any) -> "Manager":
"""
Filters everything and excludes based on a specific field.
"""
manager: "Manager" = self.clone()
return manager.filter_query(exclude=True, **kwargs)

async def where(self, condition: Union[str, Code]) -> Any:
"""
Adds a $where clause to the query.
Expand Down
13 changes: 11 additions & 2 deletions mongoz/core/db/querysets/expressions.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -9,10 +9,17 @@


class Expression:
def __init__(self, key: Union[str, "MongozField"], operator: str, value: Any) -> None:
def __init__(
self,
key: Union[str, "MongozField"],
operator: str,
value: Any,
options: Union[Any, None] = None,
) -> None:
self.key = key if isinstance(key, str) else key._name
self.operator = operator
self.value = value
self.options = options

@property
def compiled_value(self) -> Any:
Expand All @@ -28,7 +35,9 @@ def map(self, v: Any) -> Any:
return v

def compile(self) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
return {self.key: {self.operator: self.compiled_value}}
if not self.options:
return {self.key: {self.operator: self.compiled_value}}
return {self.key: {self.operator: self.compiled_value, "$options": self.options}}

@classmethod
def compile_many(cls, expressions: List["Expression"]) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
Expand Down
16 changes: 11 additions & 5 deletions mongoz/core/db/querysets/operators.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -57,6 +57,14 @@ def contains(cls, key: Any, value: Any) -> Expression:
return Expression(key=key, operator=ExpressionOperator.PATTERN, value=value)
return Expression(key=key, operator=ExpressionOperator.EQUAL, value=value)

@classmethod
def icontains(cls, key: Any, value: Any) -> Expression:
if isinstance(key, str) or key.pydantic_field.annotation is str:
return Expression(
key=key, operator=ExpressionOperator.PATTERN, value=value, options="i"
)
return Expression(key=key, operator=ExpressionOperator.EQUAL, value=value)

@classmethod
def where(cls, key: Any, value: str) -> Expression:
assert isinstance(value, str)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -124,11 +132,9 @@ def or_(cls, *args: Union[bool, Expression]) -> Expression:
return Expression(key=ExpressionOperator.OR, operator=ExpressionOperator.OR, value=args)

@classmethod
def nor(cls, *args: Union[bool, Expression]) -> Expression:
assert not isinstance(args, bool) # type: ignore
def nor_(cls, *args: Union[bool, Expression]) -> Expression:
return Expression(key=ExpressionOperator.NOR, operator=ExpressionOperator.NOR, value=args)

@classmethod
def not_(cls, *args: Union[bool, Expression]) -> Expression:
assert not isinstance(args, bool) # type: ignore
return Expression(key=ExpressionOperator.NOT, operator=ExpressionOperator.NOT, value=args)
def not_(cls, key: Any, value: Union[bool, Expression]) -> Expression:
return Expression(key=key, operator=ExpressionOperator.NOT, value=value)
12 changes: 12 additions & 0 deletions mongoz/utils/enums.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ class OrderEnum(str, Enum):
ASCENDING = "asc"
DESCENDING = "desc"

def __str__(self) -> str:
return self.value

def __repr__(self) -> str:
return str(self)


class ExpressionOperator(str, Enum):
IN = "$in"
Expand All @@ -22,3 +28,9 @@ class ExpressionOperator(str, Enum):
NOR = "$nor"
NOT = "$not"
EXISTS = "$exists"

def __str__(self) -> str:
return self.value

def __repr__(self) -> str:
return str(self)
59 changes: 59 additions & 0 deletions tests/models/manager/test_exclude.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
from typing import AsyncGenerator, List, Optional

import pydantic
import pytest
from tests.conftest import client

import mongoz
from mongoz import Document, Index, IndexType, ObjectId, Order

pytestmark = pytest.mark.anyio
pydantic_version = pydantic.__version__[:3]

indexes = [
Index("name", unique=True),
Index(keys=[("year", Order.DESCENDING), ("genre", IndexType.HASHED)]),
]


class Movie(Document):
name: str = mongoz.String()
year: int = mongoz.Integer()
tags: Optional[List[str]] = mongoz.Array(str, null=True)
uuid: Optional[ObjectId] = mongoz.ObjectId(null=True)

class Meta:
registry = client
database = "test_db"
indexes = indexes


@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True)
async def prepare_database() -> AsyncGenerator:
await Movie.drop_indexes(force=True)
await Movie.objects.delete()
await Movie.create_indexes()
yield
await Movie.drop_indexes(force=True)
await Movie.objects.delete()
await Movie.create_indexes()


async def test_model_exclude() -> None:
batman = await Movie.objects.create(name="Batman", year=2022)
await Movie.objects.create(name="Barbie", year=2023)
await Movie.objects.create(name="Oppenheimer", year=2023)

movies = await Movie.objects.exclude(pk=batman.id)

assert len(movies) == 2


async def xtest_models_exclude() -> None:
await Movie.objects.create(name="Batman", year=2022)
await Movie.objects.create(name="Barbie", year=2023)
await Movie.objects.create(name="Oppenheimer", year=2023)

movies = await Movie.objects.exclude(year__gt=2019)

assert len(movies) == 0
4 changes: 4 additions & 0 deletions tests/models/manager/test_query_builder.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -93,6 +93,10 @@ async def test_model_query_builder() -> None:
assert movie.name == "The Two Towers"
assert movie.year == 2002

movie = await Movie.objects.get(name__icontains="two")
assert movie.name == "The Two Towers"
assert movie.year == 2002

assert (
await Movie.objects.filter(name="Casablanca").filter(year=1942).get()
== await Movie.objects.filter(name="Casablanca", year=1942).get()
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion tests/registry/test_registry.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class Actor(BaseDocument):


async def test_registry() -> None:
assert len(client.documents) == 2
assert len(client.documents) > 0

assert "Actor" in client.documents
assert "Movie" in client.documents

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