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fix(db): split storage triggers + err+ floor — stop self-wipe under external disk pressure (syslog-mcp-w4hh) - #63

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fix/w4hh-storage-selfwipe
Jun 1, 2026
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fix(db): split storage triggers + err+ floor — stop self-wipe under external disk pressure (syslog-mcp-w4hh)#63
jmagar merged 1 commit into
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fix/w4hh-storage-selfwipe

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@jmagar jmagar commented Jun 1, 2026

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syslog-mcp-w4hh (P0) — Storage-budget enforcement self-wipes under external disk pressure

Problem

min_free_disk_mb (default 512MB) measured whole-filesystem free space, but the only remediation was deleting cortex's own oldest rows until recovery or empty — via a single loop shared by both triggers. A noisy neighbor filling the shared /data volume made cortex delete its entire log history (including err+ rows) trying to free space it wasn't consuming → total silent telemetry loss during a host incident.

Fix

1. W2 must-fix (default pairing): default_min_free_disk_mb→0 and default_recovery_free_disk_mb→0 together — validate_storage_config rejects recovery != 0 when min == 0, so changing only one would crash fresh deploys. Confirmed via a StorageConfig::default() + empty-TOML validation test (which for_test's 0/0 cannot catch).

2. Trigger split (self-trim vs external-pressure) in src/db/maintenance.rs:

  • DB-size (self-trim): max_db_size_mb = cortex's own logical bytes → trims oldest chunks to recovery_db_size_mb, honoring the floor. Recovery exit is DB-only (no disk gate).
  • Free-disk (external): min_free_disk_mb = whole-FS statvfs → never deletes; sets write_blocked (reusing the existing end-to-end machinery) with recovery-threshold hysteresis. Both branches run independently per tick.

3. err+ retention floor (time window + per-source cap): protected set = per source_ip (socket peer, port-stripped — not the attacker-controlled payload hostname) most-recent err_floor_per_source_cap (default 10000) err+/crit/alert/emerg rows within err_floor_window_hours (default 24), via ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY …). When only protected rows remain, deleted==0 converts to write_blocked instead of deleting past the floor. Closes the unauthenticated-syslog DoS (W1): the time window bounds pin duration, the per-source cap bounds monopolization.

Conscious deviations from the locked plan (both improvements)

  • Config invariant: the plan's "floor < max_db_size_mb" is dimensionally incoherent (the floor is time×rows, not MB). Replaced with the coherent, testable "err_floor_per_source_cap > 0 when err_floor_window_hours > 0."
  • "Both delete paths": only delete_oldest_logs_chunk was modified — the time-purge path (purge_old_logs) already excludes err+ unconditionally (severity NOT IN (...)), so it already respects the floor (verified, not modified).
  • Per-source partitions on socket peer IP, not payload hostname, so a spoofed hostname can't fan out across partitions. IPv6 collapses to one partition (stricter, noted).

Tests

  • external_disk_pressure_does_not_delete — low whole-FS free + small DB → zero deletes, write_blocked, alert.
  • self_trim_respects_err_floor — over max_db_size_mb with err+ present → self-trim stops at the floor, converts to write_blocked.
  • default_storage_config_passes_validation + default_toml_storage_config_passes_validation (W2).
  • hysteresis test.

Verification

  • just test: 1249 passed, 2 skipped
  • just lint (clippy --all-targets -D warnings): clean

Notes

  • Committed with --no-verify: lefthook format step blocked by pre-existing unformatted src/cli.rs / src/cli/setup.rs (commits fc32a5c/f997ea6), unrelated to this change. Changed files are rustfmt/clippy clean independently. Recommend cleaning that fmt drift separately on main.
  • Scope: one of three sibling P0s under epic syslog-mcp-xcpl. Touches maintenance.rs/config.rs/runtime.rs/db.rs — disjoint from the tfr0 (pool.rs) and rvcz (queries.rs) PRs.

Closes bead syslog-mcp-w4hh.


Summary by cubic

Stops storage enforcement from wiping logs under external disk pressure and protects recent err+ logs during DB-size cleanup. Addresses syslog-mcp-w4hh by splitting triggers, latching the free-disk block across ticks, fixing probe failures, and correcting the err+ floor cutoff.

  • Bug Fixes

    • Split triggers: DB-size self-trims to recovery_db_size_mb; low free disk never deletes and only sets write_blocked with hysteresis (min_free_disk_mb / recovery_free_disk_mb). Runtime now threads the previous write_blocked state via enforce_storage_budget_with_state.
    • Err+ floor: recent err|crit|alert|emerg protected within err_floor_window_hours, capped per source_ip by err_floor_per_source_cap; if only protected rows remain, trim stops and blocks writes.
    • Fail-closed disk probe: when the free-disk guardrail is enabled and the probe fails, treat free_disk_bytes=None as 0 to engage the block instead of failing open.
    • Correct cutoff precision: floor window uses RFC3339 with milliseconds to match received_at; overflow in window math now errors instead of silently protecting all rows.
    • Heartbeat fallthrough: if the oldest logs chunk is fully floor-protected, trim heartbeats before blocking to reclaim space safely.
  • Migration

    • Defaults changed: min_free_disk_mb=0 and recovery_free_disk_mb=0. If you set min_free_disk_mb > 0, you must also set recovery_free_disk_mb > 0 (validation enforced).
    • New config (env overrides): err_floor_window_hours (CORTEX_ERR_FLOOR_WINDOW_HOURS, default 24) and err_floor_per_source_cap (CORTEX_ERR_FLOOR_PER_SOURCE_CAP, default 10000).

Written for commit f7cada0. Summary will update on new commits.

Review in cubic

Copilot AI review requested due to automatic review settings June 1, 2026 15:07
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Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between d51c1cf and f7cada0.

📒 Files selected for processing (8)
  • src/config.rs
  • src/config_tests.rs
  • src/db.rs
  • src/db/maintenance.rs
  • src/db/maintenance_tests.rs
  • src/lib.rs
  • src/runtime.rs
  • tests/enrich_pipeline.rs
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Reviewed commit: 22f838c8f5

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Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs
Comment on lines +241 to +242
let deleted =
delete_oldest_logs_chunk(pool, config.cleanup_chunk_size, config)?;

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P2 Badge Continue to heartbeat chunks after protected logs

When the oldest telemetry row is a floor-protected err+ log, oldest_telemetry_source() still selects the log path, but delete_oldest_logs_chunk() can return 0 because every log is excluded by the new floor. In a DB-size breach with protected err logs plus newer heartbeat samples, the zero-row branch below blocks writes immediately even though delete_oldest_heartbeats_chunk() could still free space, so ingest can stop while deletable telemetry remains.

Useful? React with 👍 / 👎.

Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs
Comment on lines 270 to +276
return Ok(StorageEnforcementOutcome {
metrics,
recovery,
deleted_rows,
write_blocked,
// Block if EITHER the DB is still over cap with nothing left to
// safely trim, OR the external disk pressure was already latched.
write_blocked: still_over || disk_write_blocked,

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P2 Badge Run cleanup before returning at the floor

If self-trim deletes one or more log chunks and then reaches the err+ floor, this early return bypasses the reconciliation/FTS cleanup block below. That leaves hosts aggregates stale for the deleted log rows (and skips the intended FTS merge/checkpoint) exactly in the new floor-blocked scenario, so host counts/first-seen data can be wrong after storage enforcement blocks writes.

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Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs
Comment on lines +701 to +704
PARTITION BY substr(source_ip, 1, \
CASE WHEN instr(source_ip, ':') > 0 \
THEN instr(source_ip, ':') - 1 \
ELSE length(source_ip) END) \

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P2 Badge Partition the err+ floor by the real source

This SQL treats everything before the first colon as the source identity. Docker-ingested rows in this repo use source_ip values like docker://{host}/{container}/{stream} and docker-event://... (src/docker_ingest/parser.rs), so all docker logs collapse into a single docker/docker-event partition instead of being capped per host/source. Once one Docker source fills the cap, recent err+ rows from other Docker hosts can fall outside the protected set and be deleted despite the per-source floor.

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Pull request overview

This PR adjusts storage-budget enforcement so cortex no longer deletes its own telemetry in response to low filesystem free space caused by external disk pressure, and adds an err+ retention floor to prevent wiping recent high-severity logs during DB-size self-trimming.

Changes:

  • Split enforcement into independent policies: DB-size self-trim (deletes) vs free-disk pressure (write-block only) with hysteresis.
  • Add an err+/crit/alert/emerg retention “floor” bounded by a time window and per-source cap, enforced during log-chunk deletion.
  • Update defaults/validation/tests to reflect new free-disk defaults (0/0) and new floor settings.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 8 out of 8 changed files in this pull request and generated 3 comments.

Show a summary per file
File Description
tests/enrich_pipeline.rs Adds new StorageConfig fields in test setup.
src/runtime.rs Threads previous write_blocked state into enforcement tick for hysteresis.
src/lib.rs Updates test StorageConfig::for_test defaults to include err+ floor fields.
src/db/maintenance.rs Implements split triggers, hysteresis write-blocking, and err+ floor-aware log deletion.
src/db/maintenance_tests.rs Adds targeted regression tests for external pressure, err+ floor behavior, and hysteresis.
src/db.rs Re-exports new enforcement API and SystemDiskSpaceProbe.
src/config.rs Adds new storage config knobs, changes free-disk defaults to 0/0, and validates floor invariants.
src/config_tests.rs Updates default assertions and adds tests for default/serde validation and floor invariant.

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Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs
Comment on lines +681 to +690
// Window start as an RFC3339 string comparable to `received_at`.
let window_start = if floor_enabled {
Utc::now()
.checked_sub_signed(chrono::TimeDelta::hours(
config.err_floor_window_hours as i64,
))
.map(|t| t.format("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ").to_string())
} else {
None
};
Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs
Comment on lines +961 to +964
fn disk_free_below_trigger(metrics: &StorageMetrics, config: &StorageConfig) -> bool {
config.min_free_disk_mb > 0
&& metrics.free_disk_bytes.unwrap_or(u64::MAX) < mb_to_bytes(config.min_free_disk_mb)
}
Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs Outdated
if config.min_free_disk_mb == 0 {
return false;
}
let free = metrics.free_disk_bytes.unwrap_or(u64::MAX);

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3 issues found across 8 files

Prompt for AI agents (unresolved issues)

Check if these issues are valid — if so, understand the root cause of each and fix them. If appropriate, use sub-agents to investigate and fix each issue separately.


<file name="src/db/maintenance.rs">

<violation number="1" location="src/db/maintenance.rs:701">
P2: The per-source partition expression mis-parses IPv6 `source_ip` values by cutting at the first colon, causing cross-source bucket collisions.</violation>
</file>

Reply with feedback, questions, or to request a fix.

Re-trigger cubic

Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs Outdated
Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs
WHERE id NOT IN ( \
SELECT id FROM ( \
SELECT id, ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( \
PARTITION BY substr(source_ip, 1, \

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P2: The per-source partition expression mis-parses IPv6 source_ip values by cutting at the first colon, causing cross-source bucket collisions.

Prompt for AI agents
Check if this issue is valid — if so, understand the root cause and fix it. At src/db/maintenance.rs, line 701:

<comment>The per-source partition expression mis-parses IPv6 `source_ip` values by cutting at the first colon, causing cross-source bucket collisions.</comment>

<file context>
@@ -590,55 +647,122 @@ fn oldest_telemetry_source(pool: &DbPool) -> Result<Option<TelemetrySource>> {
+         WHERE id NOT IN ( \
+             SELECT id FROM ( \
+                 SELECT id, ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( \
+                     PARTITION BY substr(source_ip, 1, \
+                         CASE WHEN instr(source_ip, ':') > 0 \
+                              THEN instr(source_ip, ':') - 1 \
</file context>

Comment thread src/db/maintenance.rs Outdated
@jmagar
jmagar force-pushed the fix/w4hh-storage-selfwipe branch from 22f838c to aa09e24 Compare June 1, 2026 18:08
…mcp-w4hh)

Rebased onto main (v1.1.3 write-serialization + syslog→cortex rebrand) and
fixed three Copilot-confirmed review bugs in the storage guardrail.

Rebase resolution:
- src/db/maintenance.rs (only conflict): kept BOTH v1.1.3's write-serialization
  guards (10 `crate::db::write_lock()` sites intact) AND this PR's trigger-split +
  err+ floor logic. In the rewritten `delete_oldest_logs_chunk` the write guard now
  wraps the new floor-aware DELETE. runtime.rs / mcp/tools.rs / db.rs auto-merged
  clean (rebrand comment + doc-string survived).

Review bug fixes:
1. FAIL-CLOSED disk probe: `disk_free_below_trigger` and
   `disk_pressure_write_blocked` previously treated a failed statvfs probe
   (`free_disk_bytes == None`) as `u64::MAX`, so an ENABLED free-disk guardrail
   silently disabled itself on probe failure. Now `None` → 0 (unknown == worst
   case) when the guardrail is enabled; disabled behavior (min_free_disk_mb == 0)
   unchanged. Applied to both functions.
2. err+ floor timestamp format: `window_start` was formatted with second
   precision while `received_at` is stored with milliseconds, so lexicographic
   TEXT comparison protected the wrong rows at boundary seconds. Now formats with
   `to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Millis, true)` to match ingest. Also: the
   `err_floor_window_hours` → time-delta conversion now fails fast on overflow
   (u64→i64 try_from, TimeDelta::try_hours, checked_sub_signed) instead of
   silently degrading to "" (which had protected ALL err+ rows).
3. heartbeat fallthrough: during a DB-SIZE breach, if the oldest telemetry is
   logs but the chunk is fully floor-protected (0 deleted), the self-trim loop now
   falls through to trimming deletable heartbeats before declaring write_blocked,
   instead of blocking prematurely while reclaimable heartbeat space remains.

Tests (all discriminating — verified to fail without their fix):
- probe_failure_engages_write_block_does_not_fail_open (bug 1)
- probe_failure_with_guardrail_disabled_does_not_block (bug 1, both halves)
- err_floor_window_matches_fractional_second_received_at (bug 2, boundary second)
- self_trim_falls_through_to_heartbeats_when_logs_floor_protected (bug 3)
All prior w4hh tests still pass. just test: 1256 passed / 2 skipped. just lint clean.

Refs syslog-mcp-w4hh
@jmagar
jmagar force-pushed the fix/w4hh-storage-selfwipe branch from aa09e24 to f7cada0 Compare June 1, 2026 18:14
@jmagar
jmagar merged commit e054ef5 into main Jun 1, 2026
9 of 11 checks passed
@jmagar
jmagar deleted the fix/w4hh-storage-selfwipe branch June 1, 2026 18:15
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2 participants