Move language resources out of /guides directory (#6261)

Contributes to #5767

---------

Co-authored-by: Marya <[email protected]>

eleventy.config.ts

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export default function (eleventyConfig: UserConfig) {
     filter: /^(?!_).+/,
   });
   eleventyConfig.addPassthroughCopy(
-    'src/content/guides/language/specifications',
+    'src/content/resources/language/spec/versions',
   );
 
   if (shouldOptimize) {

firebase.json

@@ -36,17 +36,17 @@
       { "source": "/+isolates", "destination": "/language/concurrency", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/+lexicalscope", "destination": "/language/functions#lexical-scope", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/+pub", "destination": "/tools/pub", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/2.0", "destination": "/guides/language/evolution#dart-20", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/2.0", "destination": "/resources/language/evolution#dart-2-0", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/\\)", "destination": "/", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/angular{,/**}", "destination": "https://github.com/angulardart", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/api", "destination": "https://api.dart.dev", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles", "destination": "https://medium.com/dartlang", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/api-naming-guide{,/**}", "destination": "/effective-dart/design", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/archive", "destination": "https://medium.com/dartlang", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/archive/converters-and-codecs", "destination": "/libraries/convert/converters-and-codecs", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/articles/archive/dart-2", "destination": "/guides/language/evolution#dart-20", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/articles/archive/dart-2", "destination": "/resources/language/evolution#dart-2-0", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/archive/event-loop", "destination": "https://medium.com/dartlang/dart-asynchronous-programming-isolates-and-event-loops-bffc3e296a6a", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/articles/archive/numeric-computation", "destination": "/guides/language/numbers", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/articles/archive/numeric-computation", "destination": "/resources/language/number-representation", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/archive/zones", "destination": "/libraries/async/zones", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/await-async", "destination": "/libraries/async/async-await", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/broadcast-streams", "destination": "https://medium.com/dartlang/dart-asynchronous-programming-streams-dab952023ed7", "type": 301 },
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
       { "source": "/articles/dart-unit-tests{,/**}", "destination": "https://pub.dev/packages/test#writing-tests", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/dart-vm/io", "destination": "/articles/libraries/dart-io", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/dart-vm/native-extensions", "destination": "/server/c-interop-native-extensions", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/articles/dart-vm/numeric-computation", "destination": "/guides/language/numbers", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/articles/dart-vm/numeric-computation", "destination": "/resources/language/number-representation", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/dart-vm/snapshots", "destination": "/tools/dart-compile", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/design-decisions/why-dart-types", "destination": "/resources/faq#types", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/doc-comment-guidelines", "destination": "/effective-dart/documentation", "type": 301 },
@@ -76,11 +76,11 @@
       { "source": "/articles/libraries/dart-io", "destination": "/libraries/dart-io", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/libraries/zones", "destination": "/libraries/async/zones", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/libraries*{,/**}", "destination": "/libraries", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/articles/m*{,/**}", "destination": "/guides/language/evolution", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/articles/m*{,/**}", "destination": "/resources/language/evolution", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/mixins", "destination": "/language/mixins", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/mocking-with-dart", "destination": "https://pub.dev/packages/mockito", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/native-extensions-for-standalone-dart-vm", "destination": "/server/c-interop-native-extensions", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/articles/numeric-computation", "destination": "/guides/language/numbers", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/articles/numeric-computation", "destination": "/resources/language/number-representation", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/optional-types", "destination": "/resources/faq#types", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/serialization", "destination": "/guides/json", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/articles/server/native-extensions", "destination": "/server/c-interop-native-extensions", "type": 301 },
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@
       { "source": "/code-of-conduct", "destination": "/community/code-of-conduct", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/concurrency", "destination": "/language/concurrency", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/dart", "destination": "/overview", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/dart-2", "destination": "/guides/language/evolution#dart-20", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/dart-2.0", "destination": "/guides/language/evolution#dart-20", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/dart-2", "destination": "/resources/language/evolution#dart-2-0", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/dart-2.0", "destination": "/resources/language/evolution#dart-2-0", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/dart-3", "destination": "/resources/dart-3-migration", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/dart-by-example", "destination": "/samples", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/dart-team-packages", "destination": "/resources/dart-team-packages", "type": 301 },
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
       { "source": "/docs/serverguide", "destination": "/server", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/docs/spec/EnumsTC52draft.pdf", "destination": "/language/enum", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/docs/spec/deferred-loading", "destination": "/language/libraries#lazily-loading-a-library", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/docs/spec{,/**}", "destination": "/guides/language/spec", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/docs/spec{,/**}", "destination": "/resources/language/spec", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/docs/technical-overview{,/**}", "destination": "/overview", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/docs/tutorials/add-elements", "destination": "/library/dart-html", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/docs/tutorials/cmdline", "destination": "/tutorials/server/cmdline", "type": 301 },
@@ -222,12 +222,16 @@
       { "source": "/guides/language/effective-dart", "destination": "/effective-dart", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/language/effective-dart/:page*", "destination": "/effective-dart/:page*", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/language/extension-methods", "destination": "/language/extension-methods", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/guides/language/evolution", "destination": "/resources/language/evolution", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/language/formatting", "destination": "/tools/dart-format", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/language/language-tour", "destination": "/deprecated/language-tour", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/language/library-tour", "destination": "/libraries", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/guides/language/numbers", "destination": "/resources/language/number-representation", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/language/sound-dart", "destination": "/language/type-system", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/language/sound-faq", "destination": "/language/type-system", "type": 301 },
-      { "source": "/guides/language/specifications/DartLangSpec-v2.2.pdf", "destination": "https://github.com/dart-lang/site-www/blob/a7f170389e210adc2aef810cc9a6fdbfa78059a5/src/guides/language/specifications/DartLangSpec-v2.2.pdf", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/guides/language/spec", "destination": "/resources/language/spec", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/guides/language/specifications", "destination": "/resources/language/spec", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/guides/language/specifications/:page*", "destination": "/resources/language/spec/versions/:page*", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/language/type-system", "destination": "/language/type-system", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/libraries", "destination": "/libraries", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/guides/libraries/create-library-packages", "destination": "/tools/pub/create-packages", "type": 301 },
@@ -347,6 +351,9 @@
       { "source": "/resources/dart-tips*{,/**}", "destination": "/effective-dart", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/resources/dartpad-best-practices", "destination": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3397537.3397558", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/resources/dartpad-tutorials.pdf", "destination": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3397537.3397558", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/resources/language/spec/versions", "destination": "/resources/language/spec", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/resources/language/spec/versions/DartLangSpecDraft.pdf", "destination": "https://spec.dart.dev/DartLangSpecDraft.pdf", "type": 301 },
+      { "source": "/resources/language/spec/versions/DartLangSpec-v2.2.pdf", "destination": "https://github.com/dart-lang/site-www/blob/a7f170389e210adc2aef810cc9a6fdbfa78059a5/src/guides/language/specifications/DartLangSpec-v2.2.pdf", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/samples", "destination": "/language", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/samples/spirodraw{,/**}", "destination": "/language", "type": 301 },
       { "source": "/samples/todomvc{,/**}", "destination": "/language", "type": 301 },

src/_data/linter_rules.json

@@ -2825,7 +2825,7 @@
     "incompatible": [],
     "sets": [],
     "fixStatus": "hasFix",
-    "details": "Only use a `break` in a non-empty switch case statement if you need to break\nbefore the end of the case body.  Dart does not support fallthrough execution\nfor non-empty cases, so `break`s at the end of non-empty switch case statements\nare unnecessary.\n\n**BAD:**\n```dart\nswitch (1) {\n  case 1:\n    print(\"one\");\n    break;\n  case 2:\n    print(\"two\");\n    break;\n}\n```\n\n**GOOD:**\n```dart\nswitch (1) {\n  case 1:\n    print(\"one\");\n  case 2:\n    print(\"two\");\n}\n```\n\n```dart\nswitch (1) {\n  case 1:\n  case 2:\n    print(\"one or two\");\n}\n```\n\n```dart\nswitch (1) {\n  case 1:\n    break;\n  case 2:\n    print(\"just two\");\n}\n```\n\nNOTE: This lint only reports unnecessary breaks in libraries with a\n[language version](https://dart.dev/guides/language/evolution#language-versioning)\nof 3.0 or greater. Explicit breaks are still required in Dart 2.19 and below.",
+    "details": "Only use a `break` in a non-empty switch case statement if you need to break\nbefore the end of the case body.  Dart does not support fallthrough execution\nfor non-empty cases, so `break`s at the end of non-empty switch case statements\nare unnecessary.\n\n**BAD:**\n```dart\nswitch (1) {\n  case 1:\n    print(\"one\");\n    break;\n  case 2:\n    print(\"two\");\n    break;\n}\n```\n\n**GOOD:**\n```dart\nswitch (1) {\n  case 1:\n    print(\"one\");\n  case 2:\n    print(\"two\");\n}\n```\n\n```dart\nswitch (1) {\n  case 1:\n  case 2:\n    print(\"one or two\");\n}\n```\n\n```dart\nswitch (1) {\n  case 1:\n    break;\n  case 2:\n    print(\"just two\");\n}\n```\n\nNOTE: This lint only reports unnecessary breaks in libraries with a\n[language version](https://dart.dev/resources/language/evolution#language-versioning)\nof 3.0 or greater. Explicit breaks are still required in Dart 2.19 and below.",
     "sinceDartSdk": "3.0"
   },
   {

src/_data/side-nav.yml

@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
     - title: JSON
       permalink: /guides/json
     - title: Number representation
-      permalink: /guides/language/numbers
+      permalink: /resources/language/number-representation
     - title: Google APIs
       permalink: /resources/google-apis
     - title: Multi-platform apps
@@ -348,9 +348,9 @@
     - title: Breaking changes
       permalink: /resources/breaking-changes
     - title: Language evolution
-      permalink: /guides/language/evolution
+      permalink: /resources/language/evolution
     - title: Language specification
-      permalink: /guides/language/spec
+      permalink: /resources/language/spec
     - title: Dart 3 migration guide
       permalink: /resources/dart-3-migration
     - title: Coming from ...

src/content/effective-dart/design.md

@@ -658,8 +658,8 @@ comment.
 
 {% render 'linter-rule-mention.md', rules:'prefer_mixin' %}
 
-Dart previously (language version [2.12](/guides/language/evolution#dart-2-12)
-to [2.19](/guides/language/evolution#dart-2-19)) allowed any class that
+Dart previously (language version [2.12](/resources/language/evolution#dart-2-12)
+to [2.19](/resources/language/evolution#dart-2-19)) allowed any class that
 met certain restrictions (no non-default constructor, no superclass, etc.)
 to be mixed into other classes.
 This was confusing because the author of the class

src/content/guides/language/index.md

@@ -33,5 +33,5 @@ These two resources are popular with both beginning Dart developers and experts.
     Learn about and practice writing asynchronous code, using DartPad.
   * [Streams](/libraries/async/using-streams)<br>
     A beginner's guide to handling sequences of asynchronous events.
-* [Specification](/guides/language/spec)<br>
+* [Specification](/resources/language/spec)<br>
   A definitive, highly technical description of the Dart language.

src/content/language/branches.md

@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ When the guard clause evaluates to false,
 execution proceeds to the next case rather
 than exiting the entire switch.
 
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [loops]: /language/loops
 [exceptions]: /language/error-handling
 [conditional expressions]: /language/operators#conditional-expressions

src/content/language/built-in-types.md

@@ -427,12 +427,12 @@ Symbol literals are compile-time constants.
 [`num`]: {{site.dart-api}}/dart-core/num-class.html
 [`dart:math`]: {{site.dart-api}}/dart-math/dart-math-library.html
 [bitwise and shift operator]: /language/operators#bitwise-and-shift-operators
-[dart-numbers]: /guides/language/numbers
+[dart-numbers]: /resources/language/number-representation
 [runes]: {{site.dart-api}}/dart-core/Runes-class.html
 [characters package]: {{site.pub-pkg}}/characters
 [grapheme clusters]: https://unicode.org/reports/tr29/#Grapheme_Cluster_Boundaries
 [`Characters`]: {{site.pub-api}}/characters/latest/characters/Characters-class.html
 [characters API]: {{site.pub-api}}/characters
 [characters example]: {{site.pub-pkg}}/characters/example
 [`Symbol`]: {{site.dart-api}}/dart-core/Symbol-class.html
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning

src/content/language/class-modifiers.md

@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ check out the [Class modifiers reference][].
 [Class modifiers reference]: /language/modifier-reference
 
 
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [class, mixin, or mixin class]: /language/mixins#class-mixin-or-mixin-class
 [mixin]: /language/mixins
 [fragile base class problem]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragile_base_class

src/content/language/constructors.md

@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ class Vector3d extends Vector2d {
 }
 ```
 
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [using constructors]: /language/classes#using-constructors
 [late-final-ivar]: /effective-dart/design#avoid-public-late-final-fields-without-initializers
 [static method]: /language/classes#static-methods

src/content/language/enums.md

@@ -175,6 +175,6 @@ print(Vehicle.car.carbonFootprint);
 [mixins]: /language/mixins
 [generative constructors]: /language/constructors#constant-constructors
 [Factory constructors]: /language/constructors#factory-constructors
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [static variable]: /language/classes#class-variables-and-methods
 [switch statements]: /language/branches#switch

src/content/language/extend.md

@@ -123,4 +123,4 @@ For more information, see the informal
 [parameterized types]: /language/generics#restricting-the-parameterized-type
 [operators]: /language/methods#operators
 [generic method]: /language/generics#using-generic-methods
-[Dart language specification]: /guides/language/spec
+[Dart language specification]: /resources/language/spec

src/content/language/index.md

@@ -555,14 +555,14 @@ and the [Dart API reference]({{site.dart-api}}).
 This site's code follows the conventions in the
 [Dart style guide](/effective-dart/style).
 
-[Dart language specification]: /guides/language/spec
+[Dart language specification]: /resources/language/spec
 [Comments]: /language/comments
 [built-in types]: /language/built-in-types
 [Strings]: /language/built-in-types#strings
 [The main() function]: /language/functions#the-main-function
 [ns]: /null-safety
 [`Object`]: {{site.dart-api}}/dart-core/Object-class.html
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [ObjectVsDynamic]: /effective-dart/design#avoid-using-dynamic-unless-you-want-to-disable-static-checking
 [Libraries and imports]: /language/libraries
 [conditional expression]: /language/operators#conditional-expressions

src/content/language/mixins.md

@@ -212,6 +212,6 @@ Any restrictions that apply to classes or mixins also apply to mixin classes:
 - Mixins can't have `extends` or `with` clauses, so neither can a `mixin class`.
 - Classes can't have an `on` clause, so neither can a `mixin class`.
 
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [class]: /language/classes
 [class modifiers]: /language/class-modifiers

src/content/language/operators.md

@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ The `>>>` operator (known as _triple-shift_ or _unsigned shift_)
 requires a [language version][] of at least 2.14.
 :::
 
-[Bitwise operations platform differences]: /guides/language/numbers#bitwise-operations
+[Bitwise operations platform differences]: /resources/language/number-representation#bitwise-operations
 
 ## Conditional expressions
 
@@ -541,10 +541,10 @@ For more information about the `.`, `?.`, and `..` operators, see
 
 
 [operators as class members]: /language/methods#operators
-[Dart language specification]: /guides/language/spec
+[Dart language specification]: /resources/language/spec
 [identical()]: {{site.dart-api}}/dart-core/identical.html
 [Operators]: /language/methods#operators
 [library prefixes]: /language/libraries#specifying-a-library-prefix
 [if-else]: /language/branches#if
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [Classes]: /language/classes

src/content/language/patterns.md

@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ This case pattern simultaneously validates that:
 - The new local variables to hold the values are `name` and `age`. 
 
 
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [types]: /language/pattern-types
 [collection-type]: /language/collections
 [wildcard pattern]: /language/pattern-types#wildcard

src/content/language/records.md

@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ parallelization of futures of different types, which you can read about in the
 [`dart:async` documentation][].
 :::
 
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [collection types]: /language/collections
 [pattern]: /language/patterns#destructuring-multiple-returns
 [`dart:async` documentation]: /libraries/dart-async#handling-errors-for-multiple-futures

src/content/language/type-system.md

@@ -500,5 +500,5 @@ The following resources have further information on sound Dart:
 
 
 [analysis]: /tools/analysis
-[language version]: /guides/language/evolution#language-versioning
+[language version]: /resources/language/evolution#language-versioning
 [null safety]: /null-safety