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Assignment 3 - Persistence: Two-tier Web Application with Database, Express server, and CSS template
===
# My Digital Library

Due: September 20th, by 11:59 AM.
https://alex-kinley-a3-persistence-csgmg.ondigitalocean.app

This assignnment continues where we left off, extending it to use the most popular Node.js server framework (express),
a database (mongodb), and a CSS application framework / template of your choice (Boostrap, Material Design, Semantic UI, Pure etc.)
My Digital Library is a simple way to keep track of the books you own.
You enter the ISBN, location, and your rating of a book, and then it gets added to your list of books. (for testing purpoes abe books lists isbns of books ex: https://www.abebooks.com/book-search/author/ROALD-DAHL)
The app makes use of (openlibrary.org)[https://openlibrary.org/dev/docs/api/books] books API to get information about a book from its ISBN.

Baseline Requirements
---
Authenticaion is done using Github OATUH2. Using passportjs with passport-github2 and following their example application this was fairly straightforward.

Your application is required to implement the following functionalities:
The app uses bootstrap 5 as the css framework. In some cases I wrote my own css styling for layout, particuarly for the login screen, and the header of the application. I suspect bootstrap could have done these, but it was going to be more effort to figure out how to do it with bootstrap alone.

- a `Server`, created using Express (no alternatives will be accepted for this assignment)
- a `Results` functionality which shows all data associated with a logged in user (except passwords)
- a `Form/Entry` functionality which allows users to add, modify, and delete data items (must be all three!) associated with their user name / account.
- Use of at least five [Express middleware packages](https://expressjs.com/en/resources/middleware.html). Explore! One of these five middleware
can be a custom function that you write yourself; if you choose to do this, make sure to describe what this function is in your README.
- Persistent data storage in between server sessions using [mongodb](https://www.mongodb.com/cloud/atlas)
- Use of a [CSS framework or template](https://github.com/troxler/awesome-css-frameworks).
This should do the bulk of your styling/CSS for you and be appropriate to your application.
For example, don't use [NES.css](https://nostalgic-css.github.io/NES.css/) (which is awesome!) unless you're creating a game or some type of retro 80s site.
The Express middlware used is:
- bodyparser - for parsing the data passed along with requests
- session - used by passportjs for managing session cookies
- passport.initialize - the basic form of passportjs for authentication
- passport.session - makes passportjs use sessions for persistant connections
- ensureAuthentication (custom function only used for some endpoints) - for endpoint that require login, this checks if the user is authentication, and if they are not, they are redirected to the login page, this just ensures that for pages and api calls that require the user to be logged in, that they are in fact authenticated.

Your application is required to demonstrate the use of the following concepts:
The main challenges I faced with this project were learning how to correctly use bootstrap, especially dealing with the modals was a non-trival endeavor. Additionally using external APIs is always a little bit of a challenge.

HTML:
- HTML input tags and form fields of various flavors (`<textarea>`, `<input>`, checkboxes, radio buttons etc.)
- HTML that can display all data *for a particular authenticated user*. Note that this is different from the last assignnment, which required the display of all data in memory on the server.
**NOTE:** While the openlibrary database seems to be reasonably alright, it is far from perfect. For example the API does not know the author of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone (ISBN: 059035342X). The backend will fill in mising data with various forms of "Unknown".

Note that it might make sense to have two pages for this assignment, one that handles login / authentication, and one that contains the rest of your application.
For example, when visiting the home page for the assignment, users could be presented with a login form. After submitting the login form, if the login is
successful, they are taken to the main application. If they fail, they are sent back to the login to try again. For this assignment, it is acceptable to simply create
new user accounts upon login if none exist, however, you must alert your users to this fact.

CSS:
- CSS styling should primarily be provided by your chosen template/framework.
Oftentimes a great deal of care has been put into designing CSS templates;
don't override their stylesheets unless you are extremely confident in your graphic design capabilities.
The idea is to use CSS templates that give you a professional looking design aesthetic without requiring you to be a graphic designer yourself.
Another tiny feature is that you can click on the header in the table to have it sort by that category. I would have liked to have some time to give this more polish, including having icons indicating how it is sorted and have it flip between ascending and descending, but I had to prioritize other features ahead of this.1

JavaScript:
- At minimum, a small amount of front-end JavaScript to get / fetch data from the server.
See the [previous assignment](https://github.com/cs4241-19a/a2-shortstack) for reference.

Node.js:
- A server using Express, at least five pieces of Express middleware, and a persistent database (mongodb).

General:
- Your site should achieve at least 90% on the `Performance`, `Best Practices`, `Accessibility`, and `SEO` tests
using Google [Lighthouse](https://developers.google.com/web/tools/lighthouse) (don't worry about the PWA test).
Test early and often so that fixing problems doesn't lead to suffering at the end of the assignment.

Deliverables
---

Do the following to complete this assignment:

1. Implement your project with the above requirements. A good potential starting point is to use the "hello-express" project template inside of Glitch; this appears as an option when you hit the "New Project" button. Use the work you did in the last assignment as a reference to implement functionality.
2. If you developed your project locally, deploy your project to Glitch (unless completing the alternative server technical acheivement described below), and fill in the appropriate fields in your package.json file.
3. Test your project to make sure that when someone goes to your main page on Glitch, it displays correctly.
4. Ensure that your project has the proper naming scheme `a3-yourfirstname-yourlastname` so we can find it.
5. Fork this repository and modify the README to the specifications below.
6. Create and submit a Pull Request to the original repo. Name the pull request using the following template: `a3-firstname-lastname`.

Acheivements
---

Below are suggested technical and design achievements. You can use these to help boost your grade up to an A and customize the
assignment to your personal interests, for a maximum twenty additional points and a maximum grade of a 100%.
These are recommended acheivements, but feel free to create/implement your own... just make sure you thoroughly describe what you did in your README,
why it was challenging, and how many points you think the achievement should be worth.
ALL ACHIEVEMENTS MUST BE DESCRIBED IN YOUR README IN ORDER TO GET CREDIT FOR THEM.

*Technical*
- (10 points) Implement OAuth authentication, perhaps with a library like [passport.js](http://www.passportjs.org/).
*You must either use Github authenticaion or provide a username/password to access a dummy account*.
Course staff cannot be expected, for example, to have a personal Facebook, Google, or Twitter account to use when grading this assignment.
Please contact the course staff if you have any questions about this. THIS IS THE HARDEST ACHEIVEMENT OFFERED IN WEBWARE. You have been warned!
- (5 points) Instead of Glitch, host your site on a different service like [Heroku](https://www.heroku.com) or [Digital Ocean](https://www.digitalocean.com). Make sure to describe this a bit in your README. What was better about using the service you chose as compared to Glitch? What (if anything) was worse?
- (5 points) Get 100% (not 98%, not 99%, but 100%) in all four lighthouse tests required for this assignment.

*Design/UX*
- (10 points) Make your site accessible using the [resources and hints available from the W3C](https://www.w3.org/WAI/), Implement/follow twelve tips from their [tips for writing](https://www.w3.org/WAI/tips/writing/), [tips for designing](https://www.w3.org/WAI/tips/designing/), and [tips for development](https://www.w3.org/WAI/tips/developing/). *Note that all twelve must require active work on your part*.
For example, even though your page will most likely not have a captcha, you don't get this as one of your twelve tips to follow because you're effectively
getting it "for free" without having to actively change anything about your site.
Contact the course staff if you have any questions about what qualifies and doesn't qualify in this regard.
List each tip that you followed and describe what you did to follow it in your site.
- (5 points) Describe how your site uses the CRAP principles in the Non-Designer's Design Book readings.
Which element received the most emphasis (contrast) on each page?
How did you use proximity to organize the visual information on your page?
What design elements (colors, fonts, layouts, etc.) did you use repeatedly throughout your site?
How did you use alignment to organize information and/or increase contrast for particular elements.
Write a paragraph of at least 125 words *for each of four principles* (four paragraphs, 500 words in total).

Sample Readme (delete the above when you're ready to submit, and modify the below so with your links and descriptions)
---

## Your Web Application Title
## Technical Achievements
- **Tech Achievement 1**: I used OAuth authentication via the GitHub strategy

your glitch (or alternative server) link e.g. http://a3-charlie-roberts.glitch.me
This ended up being fairly straightforward, as the passport-github2 package has a simple example with everything I needed.

Include a very brief summary of your project here. Images are encouraged, along with concise, high-level text. Be sure to include:
- **Tech Achievement 2**: Hosted on Digital Ocean.

- the goal of the application
- challenges you faced in realizing the application
- what authentication strategy you chose to use and why (choosing one because it seemed the easiest to implement is perfectly acceptable)
- what CSS framework you used and why
- include any modifications to the CSS framework you made via custom CSS you authored
- the five Express middleware packages you used and a short (one sentence) summary of what each one does. If you use a custom function for *one* (and one alone) middleware please
add a little more detail about what it does.
With the DigitalOcean "Apps" this ended up being very straightforward. I just linked it to the github repo, and it figured most of the rest of it out. The one additional thing was having to set the environment variables within the digital ocean gui, but once I found the option it was straightforward.

## Technical Achievements
- **Tech Achievement 1**: I used OAuth authentication via the GitHub strategy
- **Tech Achievement 3**: 100% on all four lighthouse tests.

### Design/Evaluation Achievements
- **Design Achievement 1**: I followed the following tips from the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative...
When I tested in the Brave browser (chromium based), the website obtained 100% on all four categories.
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