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Hotel Booking Management System - React, Express.js MERN Project

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A comprehensive, production-ready hotel booking platform built with the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js) featuring advanced search, booking management, analytics dashboard, and payment integration.

MernHolidays React TypeScript Tailwind CSS


🎯 Project Overview

What is this Project?

The Hotel Booking Management System is a full-stack web application that revolutionizes the way hotels are discovered, booked, and managed. Built with modern web technologies, it provides a seamless experience for travelers seeking accommodations and hotel owners managing their properties.

Core Purpose & Vision

This project serves as a comprehensive hotel booking ecosystem that bridges the gap between travelers and hotel owners. It's designed to be:

  • User-Centric: Intuitive interface for travelers to find and book hotels
  • Owner-Friendly: Powerful tools for hotel owners to manage their properties
  • Data-Driven: Advanced analytics for business insights and decision-making
  • Scalable: Built to handle growth from small boutique hotels to large chains

Key Problems Solved

🏨 For Travelers:

  • Discovery: Advanced search with multiple filters (price, location, amenities, ratings)
  • Booking: Seamless booking process with secure payment integration
  • Management: Easy access to booking history and travel plans
  • Trust: Transparent pricing, reviews, and hotel information

🏒 For Hotel Owners:

  • Property Management: Complete CRUD operations for hotel listings
  • Booking Management: Real-time booking tracking and guest information
  • Analytics: Comprehensive business insights and performance metrics
  • Revenue Optimization: Pricing strategies and occupancy analysis

πŸ”§ For Developers:

  • Learning Resource: Complete MERN stack implementation
  • Best Practices: Modern development patterns and architecture
  • Production Ready: Deployment strategies and optimization techniques
  • Extensible: Modular design for easy feature additions

Target Audience

Primary Users:

  • Travelers: Individuals and families looking for hotel accommodations
  • Hotel Owners: Small to medium hotel proprietors and managers
  • Travel Agencies: Organizations managing multiple bookings

Secondary Users:

  • Developers: Learning full-stack development with MERN stack
  • Students: Understanding modern web application architecture
  • Entrepreneurs: Building similar booking platforms

Business Model & Value Proposition

Revenue Streams:

  • Commission-based: Percentage fee on successful bookings
  • Subscription: Premium features for hotel owners
  • Advertising: Featured hotel listings and promotions
  • Analytics: Premium business insights and reporting

Competitive Advantages:

  • Advanced Search: Multi-criteria filtering and smart recommendations
  • Real-time Analytics: Live business insights and performance tracking
  • Mobile-First: Responsive design optimized for all devices
  • Security: Enterprise-grade authentication and data protection

Technical Architecture

Frontend Architecture:

β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”    β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”    β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
β”‚   React App     β”‚    β”‚  React Query    β”‚    β”‚  Tailwind CSS   β”‚
β”‚   (TypeScript)  │◄──►│  (State Mgmt)   │◄──►│   (Styling)     β”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜
         β”‚                       β”‚                       β”‚
         β–Ό                       β–Ό                       β–Ό
β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”    β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”    β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
β”‚  React Router   β”‚    β”‚   Shadcn UI     β”‚    β”‚   Vite Build    β”‚
β”‚  (Navigation)   β”‚    β”‚  (Components)   β”‚    β”‚   (Dev Server)  β”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜

Backend Architecture:

β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”    β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”    β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
β”‚   Express.js    β”‚    β”‚   MongoDB      β”‚    β”‚   JWT Auth      β”‚
β”‚   (API Server)  │◄──►│   (Database)   │◄──►│   (Security)    β”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜
         β”‚                       β”‚                       β”‚
         β–Ό                       β–Ό                       β–Ό
β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”    β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”    β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
β”‚   Multer        β”‚    β”‚   Cloudinary    β”‚    β”‚   Stripe        β”‚
β”‚  (File Upload)  β”‚    β”‚  (Image Mgmt)   β”‚    β”‚  (Payments)     β”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜

Feature Highlights

🌟 Innovative Features:

  • Smart Search Algorithm: AI-powered hotel recommendations
  • Real-time Availability: Live booking status and instant confirmation
  • Advanced Analytics: Predictive insights and business forecasting
  • Multi-language Support: Internationalization ready
  • Progressive Web App: Offline capabilities and app-like experience

πŸ”’ Security Features:

  • Dual Authentication: Cookie-based + Authorization header support
  • Privacy Compliance: GDPR-ready data handling
  • Rate Limiting: Protection against abuse and DDoS
  • Input Validation: Comprehensive data sanitization
  • Secure Payments: PCI-compliant payment processing

πŸ“± User Experience:

  • Responsive Design: Optimized for all screen sizes
  • Progressive Enhancement: Works without JavaScript
  • Accessibility: WCAG 2.1 AA compliance
  • Performance: Sub-2-second page load times
  • Offline Support: Cached data for offline browsing

Development Philosophy

Code Quality:

  • TypeScript First: Type-safe development throughout
  • Component-Driven: Reusable, modular components
  • Test-Driven: Comprehensive testing strategy
  • Documentation: Self-documenting code with detailed comments

Performance:

  • Lazy Loading: Code splitting and dynamic imports
  • Caching Strategy: Intelligent data caching
  • Optimization: Bundle size and runtime optimization
  • Monitoring: Real-time performance tracking

Scalability:

  • Microservices Ready: Modular architecture for scaling
  • Database Optimization: Efficient queries and indexing
  • CDN Integration: Global content delivery
  • Load Balancing: Horizontal scaling capabilities

Future Roadmap

Phase 1 (Current):

  • βœ… Core booking functionality
  • βœ… Hotel management system
  • βœ… Basic analytics dashboard
  • βœ… Payment integration

Phase 2 (Planned):

  • πŸ”„ Advanced search with AI recommendations
  • πŸ”„ Real-time chat support
  • πŸ”„ Mobile app development
  • πŸ”„ Multi-language support

Phase 3 (Future):

  • πŸ“… Blockchain-based booking verification
  • πŸ“… VR hotel tours
  • πŸ“… AI-powered pricing optimization
  • πŸ“… Integration with travel APIs

Success Metrics

User Engagement:

  • Booking Conversion Rate: Target 15%+ from search to booking
  • User Retention: 60%+ return rate within 6 months
  • Session Duration: Average 8+ minutes per session
  • Mobile Usage: 70%+ of bookings via mobile devices

Business Performance:

  • Revenue Growth: 25%+ month-over-month growth
  • Hotel Partner Growth: 100+ hotels onboarded in first year
  • Customer Satisfaction: 4.5+ star rating
  • Technical Performance: 99.9% uptime

Impact & Benefits

For the Travel Industry:

  • Digital Transformation: Modernizing traditional booking processes
  • Data Insights: Valuable market intelligence and trends
  • Efficiency: Streamlined operations and reduced overhead
  • Customer Experience: Enhanced satisfaction and loyalty

For Developers:

  • Learning Platform: Comprehensive full-stack development example
  • Best Practices: Modern development patterns and techniques
  • Portfolio Project: Demonstrates advanced technical skills
  • Open Source: Contributing to the developer community

πŸ“‹ Table of Contents


✨ Features

🏨 Hotel Management

  • Multi-role System: User, Hotel Owner, and Admin roles
  • Hotel CRUD Operations: Create, read, update, delete hotel listings
  • Image Upload: Cloudinary integration for hotel image management
  • Advanced Hotel Details: Location, amenities, policies, contact information
  • Hotel Analytics: Booking statistics, revenue tracking, occupancy rates

πŸ” Advanced Search & Filtering

  • Smart Search: Destination-based hotel discovery
  • Multi-filter System: Price range, star rating, hotel types, facilities
  • Geolocation Support: Location-based search with coordinates
  • Sorting Options: Price, rating, distance, relevance
  • Pagination: Efficient data loading for large datasets

πŸ“… Booking System

  • Real-time Availability: Check-in/check-out date validation
  • Guest Management: Adult and child count tracking
  • Payment Integration: Stripe payment processing
  • Booking Status: Pending, confirmed, cancelled, completed, refunded
  • Booking History: Complete booking logs and analytics

πŸ“Š Analytics Dashboard

  • Real-time Metrics: Revenue, bookings, occupancy rates
  • Performance Charts: Revenue trends, booking patterns
  • Forecasting: Predictive analytics for business insights
  • Hotel Performance: Individual hotel analytics
  • User Analytics: User behavior and preferences

πŸ” Authentication & Security

  • JWT Authentication: Secure token-based authentication
  • Role-based Access Control: Granular permissions
  • Password Security: bcrypt password hashing
  • Rate Limiting: API request throttling
  • CORS Protection: Cross-origin resource sharing security

🎨 Modern UI/UX

  • Responsive Design: Mobile-first approach
  • Shadcn UI Components: Modern, accessible UI components
  • Tailwind CSS: Utility-first CSS framework
  • Dark/Light Mode: Theme customization
  • Loading States: Smooth user experience
  • Toast Notifications: User feedback system

πŸ›  Tech Stack

Frontend

  • React 18.2.0 - Modern UI library with hooks
  • TypeScript 5.0.2 - Type-safe JavaScript
  • Vite - Fast build tool and dev server
  • React Router DOM - Client-side routing
  • React Query - Server state management
  • Tailwind CSS - Utility-first CSS framework
  • Shadcn UI - Modern component library
  • Lucide React - Beautiful icons
  • React Hook Form - Form validation and handling
  • Stripe React - Payment processing

Backend

  • Node.js - JavaScript runtime
  • Express.js - Web application framework
  • TypeScript - Type-safe development
  • MongoDB - NoSQL database
  • Mongoose - MongoDB object modeling
  • JWT - JSON Web Token authentication
  • bcryptjs - Password hashing
  • Multer - File upload handling
  • Cloudinary - Cloud image storage
  • Stripe - Payment processing
  • Swagger - API documentation
  • Helmet - Security middleware
  • Morgan - HTTP request logger
  • CORS - Cross-origin resource sharing

Development Tools

  • Nodemon - Development server with auto-restart
  • ESLint - Code linting
  • Playwright - End-to-end testing
  • Git - Version control

πŸ“ Project Structure

hotel-booking/
β”œβ”€β”€ hotel-booking-frontend/          # React frontend application
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ src/
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ components/             # Reusable UI components
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ ui/                 # Shadcn UI components
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ AdvancedSearch.tsx  # Advanced search component
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Hero.tsx           # Landing page hero section
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Header.tsx         # Navigation header
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   └── ...
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ pages/                 # Page components
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Home.tsx           # Landing page
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Search.tsx        # Hotel search page
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Detail.tsx        # Hotel details page
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Booking.tsx       # Booking page
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ MyHotels.tsx      # Hotel management
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ MyBookings.tsx    # Booking management
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ AnalyticsDashboard.tsx # Analytics
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   └── ...
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ forms/                # Form components
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ hooks/               # Custom React hooks
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ contexts/            # React contexts
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ layouts/             # Layout components
β”‚   β”‚   └── api-client.ts        # API client functions
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ package.json
β”‚   └── vite.config.ts
β”œβ”€β”€ hotel-booking-backend/         # Node.js backend application
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ src/
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ routes/              # API route handlers
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ auth.ts          # Authentication routes
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ hotels.ts        # Hotel management routes
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ bookings.ts      # Booking routes
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ analytics.ts     # Analytics routes
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   └── ...
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ models/              # MongoDB models
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ middleware/         # Express middleware
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ index.ts            # Server entry point
β”‚   β”‚   └── swagger.ts          # API documentation
β”‚   └── package.json
β”œβ”€β”€ shared/                       # Shared TypeScript types
β”‚   └── types.ts
β”œβ”€β”€ e2e-tests/                   # End-to-end tests
└── data/                        # Sample data and images

πŸš€ Installation & Setup

Prerequisites

  • Node.js (v18 or higher)
  • MongoDB (local or Atlas)
  • Git

Step 1: Clone the Repository

git clone https://github.com/your-username/hotel-booking.git
cd hotel-booking

Step 2: Install Dependencies

Backend Setup

cd hotel-booking-backend
npm install

Frontend Setup

cd hotel-booking-frontend
npm install

Step 3: Environment Configuration

Create environment files for both frontend and backend (see Environment Variables section).

Step 4: Start Development Servers

Backend Server

cd hotel-booking-backend
npm run dev
# Server runs on http://localhost:7002

Frontend Server

cd hotel-booking-frontend
npm run dev
# Frontend runs on http://localhost:5174

Step 5: Access the Application


πŸ”§ Environment Variables

Backend (.env)

Create a .env file in the hotel-booking-backend directory:

# Server Configuration
PORT=7002
NODE_ENV=development

# MongoDB Connection
MONGODB_CONNECTION_STRING=mongodb://localhost:27017/hotel-booking
# OR for MongoDB Atlas:
# MONGODB_CONNECTION_STRING=mongodb+srv://username:[email protected]/hotel-booking

# JWT Configuration
JWT_SECRET=your-super-secret-jwt-key-here
JWT_EXPIRES_IN=7d

# Cloudinary Configuration (for image uploads)
CLOUDINARY_CLOUD_NAME=your-cloud-name
CLOUDINARY_API_KEY=your-api-key
CLOUDINARY_API_SECRET=your-api-secret

# Stripe Configuration (for payments)
STRIPE_SECRET_KEY=sk_test_your-stripe-secret-key
STRIPE_PUBLISHABLE_KEY=pk_test_your-stripe-publishable-key

# Frontend URL (for CORS)
FRONTEND_URL=http://localhost:5174

# Optional: Email Configuration (not used in this project yet)
SMTP_HOST=smtp.gmail.com
SMTP_PORT=587
SMTP_USER=[email protected]
SMTP_PASS=your-app-password

Frontend (.env)

Create a .env file in the hotel-booking-frontend directory:

# API Configuration
VITE_API_BASE_URL=http://localhost:7002

# Stripe Configuration
VITE_STRIPE_PUBLISHABLE_KEY=pk_test_your-stripe-publishable-key

# Optional: Analytics (not used in this project yet)
VITE_GOOGLE_ANALYTICS_ID=GA_MEASUREMENT_ID

How to Get Environment Variables

1. MongoDB Atlas Setup

  1. Create account at MongoDB Atlas
  2. Create a new cluster
  3. Get connection string from "Connect" button
  4. Replace <password> with your database password

2. Cloudinary Setup

  1. Create account at Cloudinary
  2. Go to Dashboard β†’ API Keys
  3. Copy Cloud Name, API Key, and API Secret

3. Stripe Setup

  1. Create account at Stripe
  2. Go to Developers β†’ API Keys
  3. Copy Publishable Key and Secret Key (use test keys for development)

4. JWT Secret

Generate a secure random string:

node -e "console.log(require('crypto').randomBytes(64).toString('hex'))"

πŸ“š API Documentation

Authentication Endpoints

POST /api/auth/register

Register a new user account.

interface RegisterData {
  email: string;
  password: string;
  firstName: string;
  lastName: string;
  phone?: string;
  address?: Address;
}

POST /api/auth/login

Authenticate user and get JWT token.

interface LoginData {
  email: string;
  password: string;
}

POST /api/auth/logout

Logout user and invalidate session.

GET /api/auth/validate-token

Validate JWT token and return user data.

Hotel Management Endpoints

GET /api/hotels

Get all hotels with pagination and filtering.

interface HotelSearchParams {
  destination?: string;
  checkIn?: string;
  checkOut?: string;
  adultCount?: string;
  childCount?: string;
  page?: string;
  facilities?: string[];
  types?: string[];
  stars?: string[];
  maxPrice?: string;
  sortOption?: string;
}

GET /api/hotels/:id

Get specific hotel details.

POST /api/my-hotels

Create a new hotel (requires authentication).

interface HotelFormData {
  name: string;
  city: string;
  country: string;
  description: string;
  type: string[];
  adultCount: number;
  childCount: number;
  facilities: string[];
  pricePerNight: number;
  starRating: number;
  imageFiles: File[];
}

PUT /api/my-hotels/:id

Update hotel details.

DELETE /api/my-hotels/:id

Delete hotel listing.

Booking Endpoints

POST /api/hotels/:id/bookings

Create a new booking.

interface BookingData {
  firstName: string;
  lastName: string;
  email: string;
  adultCount: number;
  childCount: number;
  checkIn: Date;
  checkOut: Date;
  totalCost: number;
}

GET /api/my-bookings

Get user's booking history.

GET /api/bookings/hotel/:id

Get all bookings for a specific hotel.

Analytics Endpoints

GET /api/analytics/dashboard

Get comprehensive analytics data.

interface AnalyticsData {
  totalRevenue: number;
  totalBookings: number;
  averageRating: number;
  occupancyRate: number;
  revenueTrends: RevenueData[];
  bookingTrends: BookingData[];
  topHotels: HotelAnalytics[];
}

GET /api/analytics/forecast

Get predictive analytics data.

GET /api/analytics/performance

Get performance metrics.

Health Check Endpoints

GET /api/health

Basic health check with status and uptime.

GET /api/health/detailed

Detailed system metrics including memory usage and performance data.


🧩 Key Components

AdvancedSearch Component

A comprehensive search component with multiple filters and real-time suggestions.

// Usage Example
<AdvancedSearch
  onSearch={(searchData) => {
    // Handle search with advanced filters
    console.log(searchData);
  }}
  isExpanded={false}
/>

Features:

  • Destination autocomplete with API suggestions
  • Date range selection
  • Guest count management
  • Advanced filters (price, rating, facilities)
  • Quick search for popular destinations

Hero Component

Landing page hero section with gradient background and search integration.

// Usage Example
<Hero
  onSearch={(searchData) => {
    // Handle search from hero section
  }}
/>

Features:

  • Full-width gradient background
  • Integrated search component
  • Feature highlights
  • Responsive design

AnalyticsDashboard Component

Comprehensive analytics dashboard with charts and metrics.

// Usage Example
<AnalyticsDashboard />

Features:

  • Revenue charts and trends
  • Booking analytics
  • Performance metrics
  • Forecasting data
  • Interactive charts with Recharts

BookingLogModal Component

Modal for viewing detailed booking information.

// Usage Example
<BookingLogModal
  isOpen={isModalOpen}
  onClose={() => setIsModalOpen(false)}
  hotelId="hotel-id"
  hotelName="Hotel Name"
/>

Features:

  • Detailed booking information
  • Status management
  • Payment details
  • Guest information

πŸ—„ Database Schema

User Model

interface UserType {
  _id: string;
  email: string;
  password: string;
  firstName: string;
  lastName: string;
  role: "user" | "admin" | "hotel_owner";
  phone?: string;
  address?: Address;
  preferences?: UserPreferences;
  totalBookings?: number;
  totalSpent?: number;
  lastLogin?: Date;
  isActive?: boolean;
  emailVerified?: boolean;
  createdAt?: Date;
  updatedAt?: Date;
}

Hotel Model

interface HotelType {
  _id: string;
  userId: string;
  name: string;
  city: string;
  country: string;
  description: string;
  type: string[];
  adultCount: number;
  childCount: number;
  facilities: string[];
  pricePerNight: number;
  starRating: number;
  imageUrls: string[];
  location?: Location;
  contact?: Contact;
  policies?: Policies;
  amenities?: Amenities;
  totalBookings?: number;
  totalRevenue?: number;
  averageRating?: number;
  reviewCount?: number;
  occupancyRate?: number;
  isActive?: boolean;
  isFeatured?: boolean;
  createdAt?: Date;
  updatedAt?: Date;
}

Booking Model

interface BookingType {
  _id: string;
  userId: string;
  hotelId: string;
  firstName: string;
  lastName: string;
  email: string;
  phone?: string;
  adultCount: number;
  childCount: number;
  checkIn: Date;
  checkOut: Date;
  totalCost: number;
  status: "pending" | "confirmed" | "cancelled" | "completed" | "refunded";
  paymentStatus: "pending" | "paid" | "failed" | "refunded";
  paymentMethod?: string;
  specialRequests?: string;
  cancellationReason?: string;
  refundAmount?: number;
  createdAt?: Date;
  updatedAt?: Date;
}

πŸ” Authentication & Authorization

JWT Implementation

The application uses JWT tokens for secure authentication:

// Token generation
const token = jwt.sign(
  { userId: user._id, email: user.email, role: user.role },
  process.env.JWT_SECRET!,
  { expiresIn: process.env.JWT_EXPIRES_IN }
);

// Token verification middleware
const verifyToken = (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => {
  const token = req.cookies.auth_token;
  if (!token) {
    return res.status(401).json({ message: "Access denied" });
  }

  try {
    const decoded = jwt.verify(token, process.env.JWT_SECRET!);
    req.userId = decoded.userId;
    next();
  } catch (error) {
    res.status(401).json({ message: "Invalid token" });
  }
};

Role-based Access Control

Different user roles have different permissions:

  • User: Can book hotels, view their bookings
  • Hotel Owner: Can manage their hotels, view analytics
  • Admin: Full access to all features
// Role verification middleware
const requireRole = (roles: string[]) => {
  return (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => {
    if (!roles.includes(req.userRole)) {
      return res.status(403).json({ message: "Insufficient permissions" });
    }
    next();
  };
};

πŸ’³ Payment Integration

Stripe Integration

The application integrates with Stripe for secure payment processing:

// Create payment intent
const paymentIntent = await stripe.paymentIntents.create({
  amount: totalCost * 100, // Convert to cents
  currency: "usd",
  metadata: {
    hotelId,
    userId,
    bookingId,
  },
});

// Payment confirmation
const confirmPayment = await stripe.paymentIntents.confirm(paymentIntentId, {
  payment_method: paymentMethodId,
});

Payment Flow

  1. User selects hotel and dates
  2. System calculates total cost
  3. Stripe payment intent is created
  4. User completes payment
  5. Booking is confirmed
  6. Confirmation email is sent

πŸ” Search & Filtering

Advanced Search Implementation

The search system supports multiple filtering options:

// Search query building
const buildSearchQuery = (searchParams: SearchParams) => {
  const query: any = {};

  if (searchParams.destination) {
    query.$or = [
      { city: { $regex: searchParams.destination, $options: "i" } },
      { country: { $regex: searchParams.destination, $options: "i" } },
      { name: { $regex: searchParams.destination, $options: "i" } },
    ];
  }

  if (searchParams.maxPrice) {
    query.pricePerNight = { $lte: parseInt(searchParams.maxPrice) };
  }

  if (searchParams.facilities?.length) {
    query.facilities = { $all: searchParams.facilities };
  }

  if (searchParams.types?.length) {
    query.type = { $in: searchParams.types };
  }

  return query;
};

Filter Components

Reusable filter components for different criteria:

// Price Filter Component
const PriceFilter = ({ onPriceChange }: PriceFilterProps) => {
  const [priceRange, setPriceRange] = useState([0, 1000]);

  return (
    <div className="space-y-2">
      <label className="text-sm font-medium">Price Range</label>
      <Slider
        value={priceRange}
        onChange={setPriceRange}
        min={0}
        max={1000}
        step={10}
      />
      <div className="flex justify-between text-xs text-gray-500">
        <span>Β£{priceRange[0]}</span>
        <span>Β£{priceRange[1]}</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};

πŸ“Š Analytics Dashboard

Real-time Analytics

The analytics dashboard provides comprehensive insights:

// Analytics data structure
interface AnalyticsData {
  overview: {
    totalRevenue: number;
    totalBookings: number;
    averageRating: number;
    occupancyRate: number;
  };
  trends: {
    revenue: RevenueData[];
    bookings: BookingData[];
    ratings: RatingData[];
  };
  topPerformers: {
    hotels: HotelAnalytics[];
    destinations: DestinationAnalytics[];
  };
  forecasts: {
    revenue: ForecastData[];
    bookings: ForecastData[];
  };
}

Chart Components

Interactive charts using Recharts library:

// Revenue Chart Component
const RevenueChart = ({ data }: { data: RevenueData[] }) => {
  return (
    <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={300}>
      <LineChart data={data}>
        <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" />
        <XAxis dataKey="date" />
        <YAxis />
        <Tooltip />
        <Line
          type="monotone"
          dataKey="revenue"
          stroke="#8884d8"
          strokeWidth={2}
        />
      </LineChart>
    </ResponsiveContainer>
  );
};

πŸ§ͺ Testing

End-to-End Testing

The project includes comprehensive E2E tests using Playwright:

# Run E2E tests
cd e2e-tests
npm install
npm test

Test Structure

// Example test: Hotel search functionality
test("should search hotels with filters", async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto("/search");

  // Fill search form
  await page.fill('[data-testid="destination-input"]', "London");
  await page.selectOption('[data-testid="adult-count"]', "2");
  await page.click('[data-testid="search-button"]');

  // Verify results
  await expect(page.locator('[data-testid="hotel-card"]')).toHaveCount(5);
});

Test Coverage

  • Authentication flows
  • Hotel search and filtering
  • Booking process
  • Hotel management
  • Analytics dashboard
  • API endpoints

πŸš€ Deployment

Backend Deployment (Railway/Heroku)

  1. Prepare for deployment:
cd hotel-booking-backend
npm run build
  1. Environment variables setup:

    • Set all required environment variables in your hosting platform
    • Ensure MongoDB connection string is production-ready
    • Configure CORS for production domain
  2. Deploy to Render:

# Connect your GitHub repository
# Render normally doesn't auto-deploy on push to main branch, so everytime you modify anything in backend, you have to redeploy the render server by yourself

Frontend Deployment (Netlify/Vercel)

  1. Build the application:
cd hotel-booking-frontend
npm run build
  1. Deploy to Netlify:
# Connect your GitHub repository
# Netlify will auto-deploy on push to main branch
  1. Environment variables:
    • Set VITE_API_BASE_URL to your production backend URL
    • Configure Stripe keys for production

Production Checklist

  • Environment variables configured
  • Database connection secured
  • CORS settings updated
  • SSL certificates installed
  • Error monitoring setup
  • Performance monitoring enabled
  • Backup strategy implemented

🀝 Contributing

We welcome contributions! Please follow these steps:

  1. Fork the repository
  2. Create a feature branch:
git checkout -b feature/amazing-feature
  1. Make your changes and commit:
git commit -m 'Add amazing feature'
  1. Push to your branch:
git push origin feature/amazing-feature
  1. Open a Pull Request

Contribution Guidelines

  • Follow TypeScript best practices
  • Write comprehensive tests
  • Update documentation
  • Follow the existing code style
  • Ensure all tests pass

πŸ“„ License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.


🎯 Learning Outcomes

What You'll Learn

  • Full-Stack Development: Complete MERN stack application
  • TypeScript: Type-safe development practices
  • Modern React: Hooks, Context API, React Query
  • Database Design: MongoDB schema design and relationships
  • Authentication: JWT-based authentication system
  • Payment Integration: Stripe payment processing
  • File Upload: Cloudinary image management
  • API Design: RESTful API with Swagger documentation
  • State Management: Server and client state management
  • Testing: End-to-end testing with Playwright
  • Deployment: Production deployment strategies

Key Concepts Demonstrated

  • Component Architecture: Reusable, modular components
  • Form Handling: Complex forms with validation
  • Search & Filtering: Advanced search with multiple criteria
  • Analytics: Real-time data visualization
  • Security: Authentication, authorization, and data protection
  • Performance: Optimization techniques and best practices
  • User Experience: Responsive design and accessibility

πŸ”— Useful Resources

Documentation

Tools & Libraries

Best Practices


πŸŽ‰ Happy Coding! πŸŽ‰

Feel free to use this project repository and extend this project further!

If you have any questions or want to share your work, reach out via GitHub or my portfolio at https://arnob-mahmud.vercel.app/.

Enjoy building and learning! πŸš€

Thank you! 😊

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