[SPARK-51384][SQL] Support java.time.LocalTime as the external type of TimeType

[MaxGekk]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

In the PR, I propose to support java.time.LocalTime as the external type of new data type TIME introduced by #50103. After the changes, users can create Datasets with TimeType columns and collect them back as instances of java.time.LocalTime. For example:

scala> val df = Seq(LocalTime.of(12, 15)).toDF
val df: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [value: time(6)]

scala> df.printSchema
root
 |-- value: time(6) (nullable = true)

scala> df.first.getAs[LocalTime](0)
val res8: java.time.LocalTime = 12:15

By default the external type is encoded to the TIME type column with precision = 6 (microseconds).

Why are the changes needed?

1. To allow creation of TIME columns using public Scala/Java API otherwise new type is useless.
2. To be able to write tests when supporting new type in other parts of Spark SQL.

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

Yes, in some sense since the PR allow to create TimeType columns using Scala/Java APIs.

How was this patch tested?

By running new tests:

$ build/sbt "test:testOnly *DateTimeUtilsSuite"
$ build/sbt "test:testOnly *CatalystTypeConvertersSuite"
$ build/sbt "test:testOnly *DatasetSuite"

and modified:

$ build/sbt "test:testOnly *DataTypeSuite"

Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

No.

[dongjoon-hyun]

+1, LGTM.

[MaxGekk]

Merging to master. Thank you, @yaooqinn @dongjoon-hyun for review.