feature: clean up user-visible build-error tracebacks

[rmshaffer]

Issue #, if available:

Description of changes:

Hides AutoQASM-internal and malt-internal frames from tracebacks surfaced by build errors, so users see lines that are relevant to the code they wrote, not the transpiler's internal call stack. Makes typical @aq.main / @aq.subroutine compile errors have significantly shorter tracebacks and therefore easier to read.

Testing done:

tox passes. Validated UX in some error cases manually.

Merge Checklist

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (9d23d5a) to head (0d1d1bb).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main      #104   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files           50        52    +2     
  Lines         2201      2279   +78     
  Branches       254       266   +12     
=========================================
+ Hits          2201      2279   +78     

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[laurencap]

I feel like this will be difficult to keep up-to-date over time. Do we have any other options? Could we include all of autoqasm and exclude specific subdirs we don't want to include?

[rmshaffer]

Yeah, I agree this feels fragile. Let me think about it some more.

[rmshaffer]

I changed this to use a flag __filter_from_traceback__ which can be set at the module-level or subpackage-level as a marker to exclude it from tracebacks.