Dynamically links libstd++ and libgcc

[bthomee]

High Level Overview of Change

Dynamically links libstd++ and libgcc to reduce binary bloat and enhance compatibility with dependencies.

Context of Change

Currently libstd++ and libgcc are statically linked into the Linux rippled binary. This is helpful in situations where the binary is run on systems that have different versions of these libraries. However, statically linking also has downsides, such as bloating the binary and an inability to use certain other dependencies that use dlsym.

By dynamically linking these libraries we keep the binary lean, and since rippled is not typically run on minimal distros that don't have them already installed, but instead on standard systems that will have them, the binary will generally run as expected. If not, these standard libraries can be easily installed.

See also #5372

Type of Change

• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)

For Linux developers, nothing will change as the build tools already include libstd++ and libgcc. For those running from a package, their Linux machines will need to manually install libstd++ and libgcc to run a precompiled binary until the packages have been updated to install these build tools automatically.

Future Tasks

Update the rippled packages to install libstd++ and libgcc if not yet present.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 78.1%. Comparing base (6cf37c4) to head (295a5a9).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           develop   #5373   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage     78.1%   78.1%           
=======================================
  Files          795     795           
  Lines        68447   68448    +1     
  Branches      8277    8273    -4     
=======================================
+ Hits         53482   53491    +9     
+ Misses       14965   14957    -8     

see 3 files with indirect coverage changes

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.