Add document for "application/netcdf" media type registration

MediaTypeRegistration/application-netcdf.md

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+# Application for registration of Media Types
+
+## Type name:
+application
+
+## Subtype name:
+netcdf -- Standards tree (no prefix)
+
+## Required parameters:
+N/A
+
+## Optional parameters:
+N/A
+
+Or include a "version" parameter?
+- Supported values: "3" and "4"
+- Or supported values: "CDF-1", "CDF-2", "CDF-5", and "netCDF-4"
+
+## Encoding considerations:
+binary
+
+## Security considerations:
+(See https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6838.html#section-4.6)
+
+  - no provision for directives that institute actions on a recipient's files or other resources
+    - Need to review HDF5-UDF: https://hdf5-udf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+      - HDF5-UDF is an application (?) that supports writing and reading executable code in HDF5 files. Not a function of the file format. So perhaps mention of it is not needed here.
+  - no provision for directives that lead to disclosure of information
+  - highlight opportunity for use of compression, highlight that the application layer: netCDF handles decompression on data access
+  - no need for services for security assurance
+
+## Interoperability considerations:
+
+There are two main versions of the netCDF file format, netCDF-3 and netCDF-4, with three minor versions of netCDF-3 and several minor versions(?) of netCDF-4. Current implementations (C and Java libraries) support (automatically identify and handle) all variations.
+
+Byte ordering is always big endian in netCDF-3 data files. In netCDF-4/HDF5 files, the byte ordering is determined at write time (usually the native form of the writing machine) and stored in the data file.
+
+(Details on byte order are given in the specifications. So perhaps not needed here.)
+
+## Published specification:
+(See https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6838.html#section-4.10)
+
+The netCDF file formats are specified in the NetCDF User's Guide (NUG). See the NetCDF File Formats section.
+
+Both NASA and the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) have approved/accepted the netCDF standard. See
+- the NASA netCDF Classic page: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/esdis/eso/standards-and-references/netcdf-classic
+- the NASA netCDF-4 page: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/esdis/eso/standards-and-references/netcdf-4hdf5-file-format
+- the OGC netCDF standards page: https://www.ogc.org/standards/netcdf
+
+Used by CMIP - reference?
+NOAA use for GOES data, reference?
+Also WMO efforts?
+
+Other references:
+- G. Davis and R. Rew, "Data Management: NetCDF: an Interface for Scientific Data Access" in IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 10, no. 04, pp. 76-82, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1109/38.56302
+
+## Applications that use this media type:
+- scientific data sharing
+- multidimensional arrays of numerical data
+
+## Fragment identifier considerations:
+  - no fragment identifier considerations
+
+## Additional information:
+- Deprecated alias names for this type:
+  - application/x-netcdf
+- Magic number(s):
+  - ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘F’, ‘\001’ at start of file - classic format (CDF-1)
+  - ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘F’, ‘\002’ at start of file - 64-bit offset format (CDF-2)
+  - ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘F’, ‘\005’ at start of file - 64-bit data format (CDF-5)
+  - ‘\211’, ‘H’, ‘D’, ‘F’, ‘\r’, ‘\n’, ‘\032’, ‘\n’
+    at start of file (?) - netCDF-4/HDF5
+- File extension(s): .nc, .cdf, .nc3, .nc4
+- Macintosh file type code(s):
+
+## Person & email address to contact for further information:
+
+## Intended usage:
+Common
+
+## Restrictions on usage:
+no restrictions on usage
+
+## Author:
+
+## Change controller:
+
+## Provisional registration? (standards tree only):
+(See https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6838.html#section-5.2.1)
+
+NOTE: Given registration/standardization might take time, a request can be made to place a media type name on a provisional registry so it can be used for testing and development. See provisional registry: https://www.iana.org/assignments/provisional-standard-media-types/provisional-standard-media-types.xhtml
+
+## Other Information or Comments
+(Any other information that the author deems interesting may be added below this line.)