fix: repair 15 rotted evidence-source URLs (batch 2)

problem-packs/climate-adaptation/urban-green-space-cooling-global/evidence.json

@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@
     "claim": "Landsat thermal-infrared data at 30-100m resolution provides land-surface temperature for intra-urban heat-island mapping since 1984, enabling neighborhood-scale identification of hotspots and green-space cooling effects.",
     "evidence_type": "dataset",
     "source": {
-      "title": "Landsat Thermal Band Data — USGS",
-      "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/landsat-missions/landsat-thermal-data"
+      "title": "Landsat Surface Temperature Product Guide (LSDS-1330) — USGS",
+      "url": "https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/atoms/files/LSDS-1330-LandsatSurfaceTemperature_ProductGuide-v2.pdf"
     },
     "source_date": "2025-01-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed Landsat thermal-band documentation for spatial resolution, temporal coverage, atmospheric correction, and validation studies in urban environments.",
     "limitations": [
       "Landsat measures land-surface temperature (LST), not air temperature — the relationship between LST and the air temperature that drives heat-stress physiology varies by climate zone, humidity, and urban geometry.",

problem-packs/climate-health/cold-spell-mortality-global/evidence.json

@@ -65,11 +65,11 @@
     "claim": "ERA5-Land temperature reanalysis at 0.1-degree resolution provides gridded daily minimum temperature data globally from 1950 to present, enabling cold-spell frequency and intensity analysis at sub-national scale even where weather stations are absent.",
     "evidence_type": "dataset",
     "source": {
-      "title": "ERA5-Land — ECMWF Reanalysis",
-      "url": "https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/dataset/ecmwf-reanalysis-v5"
+      "title": "ERA5-Land: a state-of-the-art global reanalysis dataset for land applications",
+      "url": "https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/13/4349/2021/"
     },
     "source_date": "2025-01-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed ERA5-Land documentation for temperature resolution, temporal coverage, and validation studies in high-altitude and data-sparse regions.",
     "limitations": [
       "ERA5-Land at 0.1-degree resolution (~10km) may not capture valley-scale temperature inversions and cold-air pooling that create extreme cold exposure at specific locations in mountainous terrain.",

problem-packs/disaster-resilience/climate-migration-south-asia/evidence.json

@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@
     "evidence_type": "expert-review",
     "source": {
       "title": "Migration data quality and comparability in South Asian censuses",
-      "url": "https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/pd/content/international-migrant-stock"
+      "url": "https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/content/international-migrant-stock"
     },
     "source_date": "2024-01-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed census migration-question documentation, definition comparability, and data-quality assessment across South Asian countries.",
     "limitations": [
       "Census migration definitions vary — India uses place of birth, Bangladesh uses last residence, Nepal uses duration of residence — cross-country comparison requires explicit harmonization.",

problem-packs/disaster-resilience/landslide-early-warning-south-asia/evidence.json

@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@
     "claim": "InSAR from Sentinel-1 at 5-20m resolution can detect ground deformation preceding slope failure, providing days to weeks of warning potential before catastrophic landslides in suitable terrain, but performance is limited in steep, forested, cloud-covered Himalayan terrain.",
     "evidence_type": "dataset",
     "source": {
-      "title": "Sentinel-1 InSAR for landslide monitoring — ESA documentation",
-      "url": "https://sentinels.copernicus.eu/web/sentinel/missions/sentinel-1"
+      "title": "Sentinel-1 Mission — SentiWiki (Copernicus)",
+      "url": "https://sentiwiki.copernicus.eu/web/s1-mission"
     },
     "source_date": "2025-01-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed Sentinel-1 InSAR documentation for deformation-detection methodology, spatial resolution, revisit cycle, and performance limitations in mountainous terrain.",
     "limitations": [
       "InSAR coherence is lost in vegetated terrain — forest cover in Himalayan valleys reduces deformation-detection capability.",

problem-packs/disaster-resilience/tsunami-early-warning-indian-ocean/evidence.json

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@
     "evidence_type": "primary-source",
     "source": {
       "title": "IOC Tsunami Early Warning and Mitigation System Status Report 2024",
-      "url": "https://www.ioc.unesco.org/en/ioc-tsunami"
+      "url": "https://tsunami.ioc.unesco.org/en/iotwms"
     },
     "source_date": "2024-01-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed IOC status report on warning-system coverage, last-mile gaps, and preparedness indicators.",
     "limitations": [
       "Warning-system coverage does not guarantee effective response.",

problem-packs/disaster-resilience/volcanic-ash-aviation-global/evidence.json

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
     "claim": "ICAO's nine Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers provide global volcanic ash monitoring and advisory services, but detection capability varies dramatically by region — the Buenos Aires, Darwin, and Toulouse VAACs cover regions with fewer ground-based volcanic monitoring stations than Anchorage, Tokyo, or Washington VAACs.",
     "evidence_type": "primary-source",
     "source": {
-      "title": "ICAO Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre Status Report",
-      "url": "https://www.icao.int/safety/meteorology/vaac/"
+      "title": "Handbook on the International Airways Volcano Watch (IAVW) — ICAO Doc 9766",
+      "url": "https://www.icao.int/sites/default/files/METP/Documents/Handbook-on-the-IAVW.Doc-9766.pdf"
     },
     "source_date": "2024-01-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed ICAO VAAC coverage maps, detection technology inventory, and regional monitoring-station density assessment.",
     "limitations": [
       "VAAC coverage maps show advisory responsibility areas, not actual detection capability — a VAAC can issue advisories even when detection infrastructure is sparse.",
@@ -65,11 +65,11 @@
     "claim": "The 2010 Eyjafjallajökull and 2011 Grímsvötn eruptions demonstrated that ash-concentration thresholds for safe flight are poorly defined — the 'zero tolerance' approach was replaced by risk-based thresholds, but the relationship between ash concentration and engine damage is still being characterized.",
     "evidence_type": "field-report",
     "source": {
-      "title": "ICAO International Airways Volcanic Ash Operations — Lessons Learned",
-      "url": "https://www.icao.int/safety/meteorology/volcanic-ash/Pages/default.aspx"
+      "title": "Flight Safety and Volcanic Ash — ICAO Doc 9974",
+      "url": "https://www.icao.int/sites/default/files/2025-04/9974_en.pdf"
     },
     "source_date": "2023-01-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed ICAO operational lessons-learned documentation, threshold-development methodology, and engine-damage characterization studies.",
     "limitations": [
       "The transition from zero-tolerance to risk-based thresholds was driven by economic pressure — the scientific basis for safe ash-concentration thresholds remains uncertain.",

problem-packs/education/school-feeding-coverage-global/evidence.json

@@ -65,17 +65,18 @@
     "claim": "School feeding costs $0.10-$0.50 per child per day depending on program design and local food prices, making cost-effectiveness relative to alternative nutrition interventions (cash transfers, micronutrient supplementation, supplementary feeding) a key policy question.",
     "evidence_type": "primary-source",
     "source": {
-      "title": "WFP School Feeding Cost-Benefit Analysis",
-      "url": "https://www.wfp.org/publications/school-feeding-cost-benefit"
+      "title": "The State of School Feeding Worldwide 2022 — WFP",
+      "url": "https://publications.wfp.org/2022/state-of-school-feeding/"
     },
     "source_date": "2023-06-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed WFP cost-benefit analysis, per-child cost estimates, and comparison with alternative nutrition interventions.",
     "limitations": [
       "The $0.10-$0.50 range depends on program design (on-site cooked meals vs. take-home rations vs. fortified snacks), local food prices, and delivery costs.",
       "Cost-effectiveness comparisons with alternative interventions are sensitive to the outcome measure used (enrollment vs. nutrition vs. learning) — school feeding performs differently across outcomes.",
       "Cost data is self-reported by programs and may not capture all indirect costs (infrastructure, administration, monitoring).",
-      "Cost-effectiveness in one context does not transfer to another — local food prices, enrollment levels, and alternative intervention availability all affect relative value."
+      "Cost-effectiveness in one context does not transfer to another — local food prices, enrollment levels, and alternative intervention availability all affect relative value.",
+      "Source URL repaired June 2026; per-child cost ranges vary widely by program design and should be read against the report's country tables."
     ],
     "confidence": "medium"
   }

problem-packs/education/skills-training-youth-employment-global/evidence.json

@@ -42,22 +42,21 @@
   {
     "id": "training-provider-data-fragmentation",
     "problem_id": "education/skills-training-youth-employment-global",
-    "claim": "Training-provider registries are fragmented across government ministries, NGOs, and private operators in most LMICs — no single dataset captures the full landscape of skills-training availability at sub-national scale, and employment-outcome tracking is conducted by fewer than 10 percent of training programs.",
+    "claim": "TVET provision in most low- and middle-income countries is diverse and fragmented across government ministries, private providers, and NGOs, which complicates building system-wide data on training providers and their outcomes.",
     "evidence_type": "expert-review",
     "source": {
-      "title": "Skills training data systems in low-income countries: a landscape assessment",
-      "url": "https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/education/publication/skills-training-data-landscape"
+      "title": "Building Better Formal TVET Systems: Principles and Practice in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (World Bank, ILO, UNESCO, 2023)",
+      "url": "https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/skillsdevelopment/publication/better-technical-vocational-education-training-TVET"
     },
     "source_date": "2023-09-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed training-data landscape assessments, provider-registry documentation, and employment-outcome tracking rates across LMICs.",
     "limitations": [
-      "The 'fewer than 10 percent' outcome-tracking figure is an aggregate — some countries and sectors have better tracking than others.",
-      "Provider-registry fragmentation varies by country — some countries have more integrated systems than others.",
-      "The landscape assessment may miss informal training providers and community-based programs not captured in formal registries.",
-      "Data availability changes — some countries have invested in training-management information systems since the assessment."
+      "The originally cited 'Skills training data systems landscape assessment' could not be confirmed to exist; re-sourced to the World Bank/ILO/UNESCO TVET systems report.",
+      "This report describes TVET system fragmentation broadly; it does not quantify provider-registry coverage country by country.",
+      "A dedicated source is still needed to substantiate the 'no single dataset' claim for any specific country."
     ],
-    "confidence": "high"
+    "confidence": "low"
   },
   {
     "id": "informal-sector-training-outcome-gap",

problem-packs/education/skills-training-youth-employment-global/evidence.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Use this source for the best available evidence on training-program employment e
 
 ### Training Provider Data Fragmentation
 
-Use this source to document the fundamental data constraint: training-provider registries are fragmented across government, NGO, and private operators. Employment-outcome tracking is conducted by fewer than 10 percent of programs. No single dataset captures the full training landscape at sub-national scale. Always document this fragmentation explicitly in training-availability analyses.
+Use this source (World Bank/ILO/UNESCO TVET systems report, 2023) to document that TVET provision in most LMICs is diverse and fragmented across government ministries, private providers, and NGOs, complicating system-wide data on providers and outcomes. (Re-sourced June 2026: the prior 'landscape assessment' citation could not be confirmed; the 'no single dataset' and 'fewer than 10 percent track outcomes' specifics still need a dedicated source.)
 
 ### Informal Sector Training Outcome Gap
 

problem-packs/public-health/breastfeeding-support-coverage-global/evidence.json

@@ -20,18 +20,19 @@
   {
     "id": "unicef-breastfeeding-scorecard-2024",
     "problem_id": "public-health/breastfeeding-support-coverage-global",
-    "claim": "UNICEF Global Breastfeeding Scorecard reports 44 percent early initiation and 48 percent exclusive breastfeeding at six months globally, with the lowest rates in West and Central Africa and South Asia.",
+    "claim": "The UNICEF/WHO Global Breastfeeding Scorecard 2023 reports that globally 46 percent of newborns are put to the breast within one hour of birth and 48 percent of infants under six months are exclusively breastfed.",
     "evidence_type": "primary-source",
     "source": {
-      "title": "UNICEF Global Breastfeeding Scorecard 2024",
-      "url": "https://www.unicef.org/documents/global-breastfeeding-scorecard-2024"
+      "title": "Global Breastfeeding Scorecard 2023 (UNICEF/WHO)",
+      "url": "https://www.unicef.org/documents/global-breastfeeding-scorecard-2023"
     },
     "source_date": "2024-08-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed UNICEF scorecard, country-level breastfeeding indicators, and policy tracking.",
     "limitations": [
       "Country-level data masks substantial sub-national variation.",
-      "Exclusive-breastfeeding data is self-reported and may have recall bias."
+      "Exclusive-breastfeeding data is self-reported and may have recall bias.",
+      "Figures updated to the verifiable 2023 scorecard edition after the cited 2024 URL rotted; the prior 44 percent early-initiation figure was corrected to the scorecard's 46 percent."
     ],
     "confidence": "high"
   }

problem-packs/public-health/breastfeeding-support-coverage-global/evidence.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Universal breastfeeding could prevent 820,000 child deaths annually — single m
 
 ### UNICEF Breastfeeding Scorecard 2024
 
-44% early initiation, 48% exclusive at 6 months. Lowest in West/Central Africa and South Asia.
+Global Breastfeeding Scorecard 2023: 46% early initiation within one hour of birth and 48% exclusive breastfeeding under six months. Lowest in West/Central Africa and South Asia. (Corrected June 2026 to the verifiable 2023 edition; prior 44% early-initiation figure updated to 46%.)
 
 ## Evidence Quality Rule
 

problem-packs/public-health/health-insurance-coverage-global/evidence.json

@@ -5,16 +5,17 @@
     "claim": "WHO reports that over 1 billion people experience catastrophic health expenditure annually, with 90 percent in LMICs where health-insurance coverage is below 30 percent.",
     "evidence_type": "primary-source",
     "source": {
-      "title": "Tracking Universal Health Coverage: 2023 Global Monitoring Report",
-      "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240080374"
+      "title": "Tracking universal health coverage: 2023 global monitoring report",
+      "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240080379"
     },
     "source_date": "2023-09-18",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed WHO UHC monitoring report, financial-protection indicators, and insurance-coverage data.",
     "limitations": [
       "Insurance-coverage data depends on household surveys.",
-      "Financial-protection measures vary by methodology."
+      "Financial-protection measures vary by methodology.",
+      "Source URL repaired June 2026 after the original rotted; the report confirms >1 billion people face catastrophic health spending, but the '90 percent in LMICs' share should be reconfirmed against the report."
     ],
-    "confidence": "high"
+    "confidence": "medium"
   }
 ]

problem-packs/public-health/infectious-disease-surveillance-global/evidence.json

@@ -5,16 +5,17 @@
     "claim": "WHO IHR monitoring reports that fewer than 50 percent of low-income countries meet core surveillance capacity requirements, with reporting timeliness below 30 percent in several countries.",
     "evidence_type": "primary-source",
     "source": {
-      "title": "IHR (2005) State Party Self-Assessment Annual Report 2024",
-      "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/international-health-regulations"
+      "title": "IHR (2005) States Parties Self-Assessment Annual Reporting (SPAR) — WHO",
+      "url": "https://www.who.int/emergencies/operations/international-health-regulations-monitoring-evaluation-framework/states-parties-self-assessment-annual-reporting"
     },
     "source_date": "2024-01-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed IHR monitoring data, surveillance-capacity indicators, and timeliness metrics.",
     "limitations": [
       "Self-assessment data may not reflect actual capacity.",
-      "Timeliness metrics vary by disease and reporting system."
+      "Timeliness metrics vary by disease and reporting system.",
+      "Source URL repaired June 2026; the surveillance-capacity figure should be reconfirmed against current e-SPAR analytics."
     ],
-    "confidence": "high"
+    "confidence": "medium"
   }
 ]

problem-packs/sanitation/menstrual-health-management-global/evidence.json

@@ -5,16 +5,17 @@
     "claim": "WHO/UNICEF JMP estimates millions of girls lack access to menstrual health materials, facilities, and information, with school absenteeism during menstruation reported by 10-20 percent of girls in multiple LMICs.",
     "evidence_type": "primary-source",
     "source": {
-      "title": "JMP Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 2023",
-      "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240073790"
+      "title": "Menstrual Health — WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP)",
+      "url": "https://washdata.org/topics/menstrual-health"
     },
     "source_date": "2023-07-01",
-    "access_date": "2026-06-07",
+    "access_date": "2026-06-18",
     "method": "Reviewed JMP report MHM indicators, school-attendance data, and barrier analysis.",
     "limitations": [
       "MHM data is newly collected and methodology is still maturing.",
-      "School-attendance data is self-reported and may have social-desirability bias."
+      "School-attendance data is self-reported and may have social-desirability bias.",
+      "Source URL repaired June 2026; JMP MHM monitoring began harmonizing indicators in 2021 and country coverage remains partial."
     ],
-    "confidence": "high"
+    "confidence": "medium"
   }
 ]

problem-packs/sanitation/menstrual-health-management-global/evidence.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 ### who-unicef-mhm-2023
 
-WHO/UNICEF JMP estimates millions of girls lack access to menstrual health materials, facilities, and information, with school absenteeism during menstruation reported by 10-20 percent of girls in multiple LMICs.
+WHO/UNICEF JMP menstrual-health monitoring documents that many girls lack access to menstrual materials, private facilities, and information; JMP harmonized MHM indicators from 2021 onward with partial country coverage. (Source link repaired June 2026 to the JMP Menstrual Health page.)
 
 ## Evidence Quality Rule