These things are non-standard, so Google will not help you.
You can add a temporary message at the top of every page in a little coloured box. This is ideal for adding warnings about limited sample reception, upcoming events or other attention-grabbing short messages.
To add a banner, click Customise in the admin header bar (Appearance > Customise). You can add some text and choose a colour. The box accepts HTML, so you can add a link as follows:
Warning - sample delivery closed for vacations!
<a href="https://website.com/url-address" class="alert-link">Click here</a> for
more information.Banner messages are shown on every page and are deliberately very attention-grabbing, so use sparingly.
The code that handles this has now been moved out into its own repository: https://github.com/ewels/bootstrap-banner
See NGI Sweden Theme for more detail.
[github_badge repo=https://github.com/user/repo]
[github_badge repo=https://github.com/ewels/MultiQC icon=https://website.com/logo.png centred=1]
[mailchimp_subscribe]
[mailchimp_subscribe form=1 btn_text="Sign Up" btn_colour="outline-danger"]
[ngisweden_publications]
[ngisweden_publications title=0 footer=0 randomise=0 num=10 collabs=10]
[homepage_applications]
[ngisweden_tabs]
[ngisweden_search]
[ngisweden_events_list]
[ngisweden_site_map]
[ngisweden_deployed_tools_versions]
[show_file]
Pages organised under Applications will not show. Make them show by linking them to a Method > Application category.
See the Applications section below for more information.
- The interface for adding and editing content recently updated. As such, you might find that older help articles on the web look wrong. See terminology below for more.
- The NGI Sweden main navigation menu only supports menu items two-deep. If you nest pages any deeper than that, they will be ignored.
- I have removed / disabled a bunch of things in the admin interface to try to simplify the menus. So, Comments, the Theme chooser and various other bits and pieces that you may read about are gone. See NGI Sweden theme below for more info.
Coming soon..
This repository contains the custom code used for the new NGI Sweden website.
The website is built using WordPress. WordPress began life as a blogging platform way back in 2003, but has since developed in to a fully-fledged CMS: a Content Management System. It is now by far the most popular software of its type and some estimates say that around 25% - 33% of all websites on the internet are powered by it (source). That's insane! And it's still growing. Check out this page if you're curious.
This huge popularity means:
- There are vast quantities of plugins and help available.
- There are vast numbers of hackers targetting WordPress installations :(
Note the second point - if the site is running for several years, there's a significant risk that it will be hacked at some point. Make regular backups. By far the easiest way to handle being hacked is to just wipe everything and go back to a backup, then change all passwords.
To avoid confusion, WordPress actually comes in two flavours - .com and .org:
- https://wordpress.com/ has hosted blog sites for anyone to create.
- https://wordpress.org/ is free software that can be downloaded to run on your own web server.
We are using the second one, so we host on our own server at NGI Stockholm. WordPress is built in PHP and runs using a MySQL database. You may hear this referred to as a "LAMP stack" - Linux, Apache, MySQL & PHP.
Generally, WordPress.org has excellent documentation. If in doubt, head there for answers.
WordPress has a bunch of jargon that you'll need to be familiar with you find your way around the administration pages of a WordPress site. Here's a brief starter:
- Post
- The core building-block of most of WordPress, a Post strictly speaking refers to a blog post. On the NGI Sweden I have renamed Posts to News to make this more intuitive. Behind the scenes, most units of content are in WordPress lingo various flavours of posts.
- Page
- Website pages. Technically, a flavour of Post (see above). Yeah, just a web page really. Not much more to say. Works like you'd expect.
- Custom Post Type
- Plugins and themes can make their own flavour of post for specific content types. These are called Custom Post Types.
- Slug
- Each Post and Page has a Slug. This is the unique, easy-to-parse name for that Page. It's typically used for the page URL. So if the Slug is
awesome-page, the URL will be https://website.com/awesome-page. If that page is the child of a page with the Slugiamyourfather, the URL will be https://website.com/iamyourfather/awesome-page - Slugs are auto-generated from Page titles. They must be unique, so if you make two News items called New Item, the slugs will be
new-itemandnew-item-2(I think, or something like this). - You can edit slugs, but it's not super obvious at first how! Select the main title when editing a Page or Post and you'll see a little box with the URL appear above it. Click on this and it is editable.
- It's fine to have long titles if you want, but it's nice to have short slugs so that the URL is not ridiculous.
- Each Post and Page has a Slug. This is the unique, easy-to-parse name for that Page. It's typically used for the page URL. So if the Slug is
- Permalinks
- The URLs used for pages. How these are formed can be customised under Settings. Typically it should be set to
/%postname%- that is, just use the slug (see above).
- The URLs used for pages. How these are formed can be customised under Settings. Typically it should be set to
- Taxonomy
- General term for WordPress post categories and keywords of all types.
- Editor
- Where you add and edit content for a Page / Post.
- NB: This changed very recently, in WordPress v5.0. It's now called the Gutenberg Editor - before becoming part of core WordPress, it was available as a plugin by the same name. Some plugins and pages still use the old editor, which is referred to as the Classic Editor.
- Bear in mind that older stuff you read on the web will look different and not work in the same way because of this change.
- Block
- In the Gutenberg Editor, content is split up in to Blocks. Each block has a certain type - it could be a heading, text, an image or many other things. Some blocks can contain other blocks, for example Columns.
- Check out the Settings on the right hand side of the editing screen as you click around different block types. The settings available vary between blocks.
- Shortcode
- To add more complex or dynamic output, WordPress can use Shortcodes in page content. These are like a flag for plugins to insert special content. To use a shortcode, create a shortcode block.
- Shortcodes are always surrounded by square brackets:
[shortcode]. They can have attributes to tweak their behaviour. These are separated by an equals sign:[shortcode key=value]
- Widget
- Widgets are a bit like shortcodes, but instead can be placed in specific slots defined by the theme. This is in contrast to shortcodes which are placed in the middle of page content. Again, there are many different types of widgets - many are customisable and plugins often use them.
- Menus
- WordPress menus are created using a drag-and-drop interface on it's own page.
- New pages are not automatically added to menus - you have to add it yourself. Find it in the boxes on the left and then drag it to the right place.
- Menu items can be nested arbitrarily, but the NGI Sweden theme only shows the top two levels. Any items deeper that that will be ignored.
- Most content types can be added to menus, including custom URLs.
- Theme Customiser
- Although Widgets and Manus have their own administration pages, they can also be edited through the Theme Customiser. This is a page where you can make changes and see a live preview of the site update as you do so.
- A number of aspects of the site can only be edited within the Theme Customiser, so remeber to have a dig there if you're looking for something (eg. banner messages).
Much of the success of WordPress is due to how easy it is to extend the core feature set. This is done using Plugins and Themes. Themes are responsible for how the website pages are rendered - how the website looks. Only one theme can be active at any time. Plugins typically add functionality of some sort and come in all shapes and sizes. You can have many plugins active at any time.
Both plugins and themes use WordPress hooks to work. Every time a visitor loads a page on a WordPress website, the core WordPress software runs through a whole tonne of steps to work out what to do and what it should finally provide as a web page. Each of these steps has a name, called a hook. Custom code can be assigned to each of these hooks to add or modify behaviour.
In addition to modifying core WordPress behaviour with hooks, both Plugins and Themes can add Shortcodes, Widgets and Custom Post Types.
To build the NGI website, I have created a custom WordPress theme from scratch.
It's name is rather uninspiring: NGI Sweden.
WordPress themes work by using Template files with very specific filenames. WordPress looks for the relevant theme file with decreasing specificity. The final default file is always index.php. Check out wphierarchy.com and the WordPress docs for details.
Whilst the template files define how content is printed to the web page, the appearance of that content is defined using CSS in a single file: wp-content/themes/ngisweden/style.css. If you want to change a font size, a background colour or add some other tweak - this is where to come.
Note that it is also possible to add custom CSS through the admin interface in the Theme Customiser. Please do not do this - there's no good reason to do so, and splitting this stuff up can get super confusing.
In addition to just changing the way that WordPress builds web pages (the "front end"), the theme also creates a few new ways to add content:
- Shortcodes - e.g.
[ngisweden_publications],[github_badge],[homepage_applications] - Widgets -
NGI Footer LogosandNGI Footer Social Buttons - Banner Messages in the Theme Customiser.
To make a nice card showing the details of a GitHub repository, use the following:
[github_badge repo=https://github.com/user/repo]
Make sure to use the full GitHub URL. Only works with repositories.
To make the card centred on the page, add centred=1.
To use a custom image for the icon, use icon=url
For example:
[github_badge repo=https://github.com/ewels/MultiQC icon=https://multiqc.info/logos/MultiQC_logo_square.png centred=1]
If you want multiple repository cards side by side, and you want them all to have cards which are exactly the same height - fear not! You can also give these attributes in the shortcode contents - just give the URLs to multiple repositories, separated by newlines:
[github_badge]
https://github.com/ewels/MultiQC
https://github.com/user/repo
https://github.com/nf-core/sarek
[\github]
You can also give attributes after the URL:
[github_badge]
https://github.com/ewels/MultiQC icon=https://multiqc.info/logos/MultiQC_logo_square.png centred=1
https://github.com/nf-core/sarek icon=https://ngisweden.scilifelab.se/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Sarek_no_Border-1.png
https://github.com/Molmed/checkQC icon=https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/3587866?s=200&v=4
[/github_badge]
Insert a form for people to sign up to the mailing list.
[mailchimp_subscribe]
By default, the shortcode will just produce a button. Clicking that will launch a pop-up modal with the sign-up form.
Use form=1 to have an in-page form without the pop-up modal:
[mailchimp_subscribe form=1]
Customise the button text and colour with btn_text, btn_colour,
btn_size and icon:
[mailchimp_subscribe form=1 btn_text="Sign Up" btn_colour="outline-danger" btn_size="small" icon=0]
icon: Flag to show or hides the envelope icon.- On by default. Set to
0to disable.
- On by default. Set to
btn_sizecan besmallorlarge. Medium by default.btn_textchanges the text in the main button.btn_colourchanges the colour of the main button- Button colours take the Bootstrap button classes, without the
btn-prefix. - See the Bootstrap documentation for further reference.
- Button colours take the Bootstrap button classes, without the
Available colours:
primary- Bluesecondary- Greysuccess- Greendanger- Redwarning- Orangeinfo- Turquoiseelight- Light greydark- Dark greylink- Link textoutline-primary- Blue outlineoutline-secondary- Grey outlineoutline-success- Green outlineoutline-danger- Red outlineoutline-warning- Orange outlineoutline-info- Turquoisee outlineoutline-light- Light grey outlineoutline-dark- Dark grey outline
Use the following shortcode:
[ngisweden_publications]
Arguments:
title- Show or hide the default "User Publications" heading above the list0to disable,1to enable. Default:1
footer- Show or hide the default "See all publications at publications.scilifelab.se" footer below the list0to disable,1to enable. Default:1
randomise- Randomise the list, or show the most recent0to leave sorted,1to randomise. Default:1
num- Number of publications to show in the list- Any number. Default
5
- Any number. Default
collabs- Minimum number of publications that should be collaborations- Any number. Default
0 - If >=
num, will show only collabs. - If fewer collabs than
numexist, list will be shorter thannum
- Any number. Default
max_collabs- Maximum number of publications that should be collaborations- Any number. Default
-1 - If less than 0, no maximum limit will be applied
- If set to 0 then list will not contain any collaborative publications
- Any number. Default
tech_dev_is_collab- Treat Technology Development category as a collaboration1to treat as collab,0to treat as a regular publication. Default:1
For example, to show a sorted list with the 10 latest collaboration papers and no User Publications heading:
[ngisweden_publications title=0 randomise=0 num=10 collabs=10]
To show a random list of 20 non-collaborative papers:
[ngisweden_publications num=20 collabs=0]
Pulling new publications from publications.scilifelab.se takes a few seconds and delays the page load. To speed things up, the website caches the publications results.
By default, publications are cached on the NGI website for a week. To force a fresh pull
add ?refresh to the end of the web URL, eg: https://ngisweden.scilifelab.se/resources/scientific-highlights/?refresh
Shows the search bar and large blue buttons for the top-level method application categories.
Use the following shortcode (there are currently no options):
[homepage_applications]
This creates the buttons Applications, Technologies, Bioinformatics
and then outputs the tabs using the [ngisweden_tabs] shortcode.
The blue tabs that link to applications and methods are generated using the [ngisweden_tabs] short code.
This can accept two arguments: type and soft_link.
The type argument defaults to applications but can take any taxonomy or post type, such as bioinformatics or technologies.
The soft_link appends a #soft_link to all tab URLs (if a taxonomy such as applications), allowing the tabs to link directly to a specific content type.
For example, to show all applications but link to the bioinformatics methods within, we can use:
[ngisweden_tabs type=applications soft_link=bioinformatics]
The homepage displays a large dynamic search box that is styled in the same way as the application tabs. This is generated using the [ngisweden_search] shortcode. It does not have any options.
To allow hiding the list of upcoming events on the homepage if there are not enough (1 event looks weird when full page-width), there is a custom shortcode that shows columns with upcoming events:
[ngisweden_events_list]
The arguments are as follows (default values shown):
limit:3min_events:2block_title:'Upcoming Events'block_title_link:false
If there are not at least min_events upcoming events, nothing will be shown.
If block_title is set to an empty string, the title will be hidden.
Generating a website map for the NGI Sweden website is not super trivial, because we have custom post types and multiple linking (so some methods can appear in mulitple locations).
Because of this, the website site map is generated using custom code that is used via the [ngisweden_site_map] short code. There are no options.
To show users which versions of tools / pipelines that we are currently using in production, you can use the [ngisweden_deployed_tools_versions] shortcode in a page.
This looks for a file called wp-content/themes/ngisweden/cache/deployed_tools.version which should be automatically synced from the production cluster at the end of each deployment. This shortcode parses that file and generates more readable HTML.
At the time of writing, this file is defined in the ansible deployment scripts here.
An example of this file follows:
- production (default) --
Anaconda: conda 4.1.6
NGI Pipeline: d1f206f2e28c6af498c711ff8b8d4a479d98440d
Nextflow: 20.11.0-edge
Kong: 0.12.3
Luarocks: 2.4.3
Cassandra: 2.2.5
Openresty: 1.11.2.5
Serf: 0.7.0
TACA: 41377c8fc4fed3baa400022a4735714a785a2698
taca-ngi-pipeline: 79d6f1b38dd5808b0ab4a3e7a732c989e5cc7ec1
StatusDB: f21b4124e512aa50babe665f9839fcbc7205bc26
flowcell_parser: 4ec4331bf6f968bb4a83b00c9c111d87823049de
NGI_py3, ngi_reports: 7d796861f3ebbf352f2073fcfa0129730dec83c6
NGI_py3, ngi_visualizations: bf1892faf5ebe16ad0979cfc83f9c72b90e2a5a0
NGI_py3, MultiQC: v1.11
NGI_py3, MultiQC_NGI: 0.6.5
arteria-checksum: v1.0.4
arteria-delivery: v2.4.1
ugc-delivery: bd7f23d453368ec389725dfa09199c2f0c95b882
snpseq-archive-upload: v1.0.4
methylseq: 1.6.1
ampliseq: 1.2.0
atacseq: 1.2.1
viralrecon: 1.1.0
rnafusion: 1.2.0
nanoseq: 1.1.0
rnaseq: 3.0
sarek: 2.7
-- Deployed at 2021-10-26T07:36:54Z by irma_provision (94671ba435a0dfccca8e537ccaee2140f955f993) --
Sometimes it is useful to be able to render a static file within a web page. Specifically, this short code was added to be able to render the NGI Stockholm dashboard HTML file inside a wordpress page.
To use it, specify along with a file path for the file. For example:
[show_file file="/path/to/file.html"]
I removed a bunch of stuff from the WordPress admin interface to try to clean it up and simplify it. Notably, both Comments, the Theme chooser are gone from the menu. You can still access these pages if you visit the URL directly:
- Theme chooser:
/wp-admin/themes.php - Theme editor:
/wp-admin/theme-editor.php - Plugin editor:
/wp-admin/plugin-editor.php - Discussion (Comments):
/wp-admin/options-discussion.php
I also removed items from the admin top bar, the admin dashboard and a bunch of other stuff. Have a look at wp-content/themes/ngisweden/functions/admin_ui.php to modify this behaviour.
Whilst I could have added all of the new functionality just in to the theme, I chose to also make a Plugin. This is so that if we want to update the visual identify of the website in the future by switching to a new theme, we won't lose all of our page content that we've lovingly written.
The NGI Custom Content plugin adds two Custom Post Types - Methods and Bioinformatics. By keeping these separate from Pages, we can do clever things with the way that they are displayed and capture extra information in custom fields.
Both of these post types share several Taxonomies to help to categorise them - Applications, Sequencing Types, Statuses and Keywords. The first three are hierarchical - that is, they behave as categories that can be nested within one another. Keywords are not hierarchical, and behave more like flat labels or tags.
Every method or bioinformatics page should be assigned to all of these taxonomies.
If a Method or Bioinformatics page is not assigned to an Application, it will not be visible on the website!
Applications have additional special fields: Application Page and Application Icon.
It's difficult to have rich formatted content for a taxonomy, so to get around this we just write a short description and then link to a Page. This should be nested under the page called Applications. I realise that this is kind of confusing, sorry.
Note that any Page added as a child of the one called Applications will not be viewable on the website.
This is because the Method categories is called applications, so the URL clashes.
This is kind of intended, as any pages there should be linked to from the relevant application taxonomy.
The Application Icon allows you to customise the icon used for the given application. To use this, click the link Click here to find icon URLs next to the field to open a new page. This has tonnes of nice icons, along with a search bar. Find one that you like and click it to reveal some text that should look something like this:
includes/icons/fontawesome-svgs/regular/smile-wink.svg
Copy this text in to the Application Icon field and save. It should now be used on the homepage / application listing. If left blank or not found, it will show a sensible default.
Methods, Technologies and Bioinformatics posts can all also have custom icons. These are set in a similar way using the Custom Icon box on the edit-post page, under the Document sidebar.
Statuses are used to show whether an application is high throughput and used in production or still in development. Again, there is a special field: Status Colour.
Main repository: https://github.com/NationalGenomicsInfrastructure/ngisweden.se
To make changes to the website, find the repository on GitHub and fork it to your personal account. Make your changes and submit as a pull-request.
You should always test the website locally before making changes. To do this, we will use Docker. The docker-compose.yml file in the repository describes how to set up all of the services needed to run the site (MySQL, PHP, Apache etc), making it pretty easy to test locally..
These steps only have to be done the first time you want to get up and running with the website. You may also want to start fresh again to get an up to date copy of the website content.
- Install Docker if you don't already have it.
- Clone your fork of the repository locally and
cdinto that folder. - Log in to https://ngisweden.scilifelab.se and go to the "All-in-One WP Migration" plugin page. Download an archive of all content (~4GB at time of writing).
- Run
docker compose up, wait for the log messages to slow down and visit https://localhost.8000 in your web browser. - Go through the WordPress install and log into the admin interface.
- It doesn't matter what you set here, it's going to be overwritten in a minute.
- Go to Plugins > Add new and search for, install and activate "All-in-One WP Migration".
- Got to the plugin import page and drop your exported archive.
- It takes a really long time, grab a coffee and be patient ;)
- You will be booted out of the admin interface once the import finishes. You'll now need to log in with the same username and password that you use on the production site.
- Go to Settings > Permalinks. Don't do anything there, just visit the page. It seems that this is needed to make the URLs work.
Ok that's it - initial setup should be done and you're good to go.
Once you've done the initial setup steps above once, you only need to do these steps each time you want to develop locally:
- Make sure you have the latest version of the website code (
git pulletc, remember the upstream fork). - With Docker running,
cdto the cloned repository and run the commanddocker compose up - You should get loads of log messages spat out - when it slows down, try going to https://localhost.8000 in your web browser.
That's it! You should now have a working local copy of the NGI website which you can tinker with to your heart's content.
The wp-content/plugins/methods/ and wp-content/themes/ngisweden/ folders are bound to your local copy, meaning you can edit those files in your code editor and the local site running in docker will update immediately.
Once you're done, you'll want to stop the local webserver.
- Hit
cmd+cin the terminal window to stop the server. - Run
docker compose downto tear down the docker containers.
All wordpress content it stored within persistent Docker volumes. If you want to remove these and start from scratch, run docker compose down --volumes.
At the time of writing, the NGI website is hosted on The Hulk, administered by SciLifeLab Stockholm IT.
The production instance has a clone of the main repo, ignoring all non-custom code. As such, deploying updates to plugin / theme code after pull-requests are merged should be as simeple as using ssh to log into the server, finding the deployment directory and running git pull.
Only the custom code written specifically for the NGI website is kept in this repository. When setting up locally or deploying on a new server, you need to get copies of everything else. These are the steps you need to do:
- Download WordPress from wordpress.org and extract the files where you want to run the site
- Make a subfolder and clone your fork of this website repository.
- Carefully move all of these files in to the main WordPress directory structure, being careful not to overwrite any existing directories.
- Make sure that you also move the
.gitdirectory and all hidden files - If you prefer, you can do it the other way around - moving the WordPress files in to your cloned repository. Doesn't matter which way around this happens.
- Make sure that you also move the
- Check that
git statusis still clean- The bundled
.gitignorefile should ignore all core WordPress files, so runninggit statusshould look the same as when you first cloned.
- The bundled
- Run the web server / go to the web page. You should see instructions for setting up WordPress with a MySQL database. Follow these instructions. All right, sparky!
- When finished, you should have a functioning through pretty empty looking website. Log in by going to
/wp-login.phpor/wp-admin/(there should be a link in the footer). - In the admin interface, go to Plugins > Add New and install the plugins listed below.
- Make sure you activate the plugins that you install. You will also need to activate the NGI Custom Content plugin that comes in this repository.
- That should be it! Now it's just a case of adding content (see above section).
WordPress version >= 5.1 is required for the NGI Sweden website.
Probably more plugins to come, but this is correct at the time of writing.
This plugins are directly used by the theme code, the site may break or do weird things without them.
| Plugin Name | Minimum Version | URL | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ajax Search Lite | v4.7.25 | https://wordpress.org/plugins/ajax-search-lite/ | Used for the search bar on the homepage and top navigation, shows dynamic results as you type. |
| CPT Bootstrap Carousel | v1.10 | https://wordpress.org/plugins/cpt-bootstrap-carousel/ | Used for the image slider / carousel on the homepage. Also written by Phil, a long long time ago. |
| Events Manager | v5.9.5 | https://wordpress.org/plugins/events-manager/ | Used to manage upcoming events on the website |
These plugins make minor non-essential additions to the website, add minor functionality or affect the admin user interface to make life easier. The website should still work basically fine without them, but they're good to have.
| Plugin Name | Minimum Version | URL | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| All In One WP Security & Firewall | v4.3.8.3 | https://wordpress.org/plugins/all-in-one-wp-security-and-firewall/ | Does a bunch of security hardening to try to lower our chances of being hacked. |
| Broken Link Checker | v1.11.8 | https://wordpress.org/plugins/broken-link-checker/ | Adds an admin page and a admin-dashboard box warning you about in-page URLs that are broken. |
| Fancy Admin UI | v2.1 | https://wordpress.org/plugins/fancy-admin-ui/ | Provides major re-styling to the admininstation interface. I think it looks nicer, but feel free to disable it if it gets buggy or annoying. |
| GDPR Cookie Consent | v1.7.6 | https://wordpress.org/plugins/cookie-law-info/ | Adds the annoying little bar along the bottom warning about cookies. |
| Post Types Order | v1.9.3.9 | https://wordpress.org/plugins/post-types-order/ | Adds an admin interface for each post type that allows drag-and-drop reordering of posts. |
This website code was written by Phil Ewels (@ewels) in a frenzied rush before going on paternity leave in March / April 2019.