fix(policy): reject TLD wildcard patterns in network policy endpoints

crates/openshell-policy/src/lib.rs

@@ -493,6 +493,8 @@ pub enum PolicyViolation {
     FieldTooLong { path: String, length: usize },
     /// Too many filesystem paths in the policy.
     TooManyPaths { count: usize },
+    /// A network endpoint uses a TLD wildcard (e.g. `*.com`).
+    TldWildcard { policy_name: String, host: String },
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for PolicyViolation {
@@ -522,6 +524,13 @@ impl fmt::Display for PolicyViolation {
                     "too many filesystem paths ({count} > {MAX_FILESYSTEM_PATHS})"
                 )
             }
+            Self::TldWildcard { policy_name, host } => {
+                write!(
+                    f,
+                    "network policy '{policy_name}': TLD wildcard '{host}' is not allowed; \
+                     use subdomain wildcards like '*.example.com' instead"
+                )
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -539,6 +548,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for PolicyViolation {
 /// - Read-write paths must not be overly broad (just `/`)
 /// - Individual path lengths must not exceed [`MAX_PATH_LENGTH`]
 /// - Total path count must not exceed [`MAX_FILESYSTEM_PATHS`]
+/// - Network endpoint hosts must not use TLD wildcards (e.g. `*.com`)
 pub fn validate_sandbox_policy(
     policy: &SandboxPolicy,
 ) -> std::result::Result<(), Vec<PolicyViolation>> {
@@ -608,6 +618,26 @@ pub fn validate_sandbox_policy(
         }
     }
 
+    // Check network policy endpoint hosts for TLD wildcards.
+    for (key, rule) in &policy.network_policies {
+        let name = if rule.name.is_empty() {
+            key.clone()
+        } else {
+            rule.name.clone()
+        };
+        for ep in &rule.endpoints {
+            if ep.host.contains('*') && (ep.host.starts_with("*.") || ep.host.starts_with("**.")) {
+                let label_count = ep.host.split('.').count();
+                if label_count <= 2 {
+                    violations.push(PolicyViolation::TldWildcard {
+                        policy_name: name.clone(),
+                        host: ep.host.clone(),
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     if violations.is_empty() {
         Ok(())
     } else {
@@ -1058,6 +1088,88 @@ network_policies:
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_rejects_tld_wildcard() {
+        let mut policy = restrictive_default_policy();
+        policy.network_policies.insert(
+            "bad".into(),
+            NetworkPolicyRule {
+                name: "bad-rule".into(),
+                endpoints: vec![NetworkEndpoint {
+                    host: "*.com".into(),
+                    port: 443,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }],
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+        let violations = validate_sandbox_policy(&policy).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(
+            violations
+                .iter()
+                .any(|v| matches!(v, PolicyViolation::TldWildcard { .. }))
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_rejects_double_star_tld_wildcard() {
+        let mut policy = restrictive_default_policy();
+        policy.network_policies.insert(
+            "bad".into(),
+            NetworkPolicyRule {
+                name: "bad-rule".into(),
+                endpoints: vec![NetworkEndpoint {
+                    host: "**.org".into(),
+                    port: 443,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }],
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+        let violations = validate_sandbox_policy(&policy).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(
+            violations
+                .iter()
+                .any(|v| matches!(v, PolicyViolation::TldWildcard { .. }))
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_accepts_subdomain_wildcard() {
+        let mut policy = restrictive_default_policy();
+        policy.network_policies.insert(
+            "ok".into(),
+            NetworkPolicyRule {
+                name: "ok-rule".into(),
+                endpoints: vec![NetworkEndpoint {
+                    host: "*.example.com".into(),
+                    port: 443,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }],
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+        assert!(validate_sandbox_policy(&policy).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_accepts_explicit_domain() {
+        let mut policy = restrictive_default_policy();
+        policy.network_policies.insert(
+            "ok".into(),
+            NetworkPolicyRule {
+                name: "ok-rule".into(),
+                endpoints: vec![NetworkEndpoint {
+                    host: "example.com".into(),
+                    port: 443,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }],
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+        assert!(validate_sandbox_policy(&policy).is_ok());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn normalize_path_collapses_separators() {
         assert_eq!(normalize_path("/usr//lib"), "/usr/lib");

crates/openshell-sandbox/src/l7/mod.rs

@@ -255,11 +255,14 @@ pub fn validate_l7_policies(data_json: &serde_json::Value) -> (Vec<String>, Vec<
                         "{loc}: host wildcard must start with '*.' or '**.' (e.g., '*.example.com'), got '{host}'"
                     ));
                 } else {
-                    // Warn on very broad wildcards like *.com (2 labels)
+                    // Reject TLD wildcards like *.com (2 labels) — they are
+                    // accepted by the policy engine but silently fail at the
+                    // proxy layer (see #787).
                     let label_count = host.split('.').count();
                     if label_count <= 2 {
-                        warnings.push(format!(
-                            "{loc}: host wildcard '{host}' is very broad (covers all subdomains of a TLD)"
+                        errors.push(format!(
+                            "{loc}: TLD wildcard '{host}' is not allowed; \
+                             use subdomain wildcards like '*.example.com' instead"
                         ));
                     }
                 }
@@ -849,7 +852,7 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn validate_wildcard_host_broad_warning() {
+    fn validate_wildcard_host_tld_rejected() {
         let data = serde_json::json!({
             "network_policies": {
                 "test": {
@@ -861,11 +864,30 @@ mod tests {
                 }
             }
         });
-        let (errors, warnings) = validate_l7_policies(&data);
-        assert!(errors.is_empty(), "*.com should not error: {errors:?}");
+        let (errors, _warnings) = validate_l7_policies(&data);
+        assert!(
+            errors.iter().any(|e| e.contains("TLD wildcard")),
+            "*.com should be rejected as TLD wildcard, got errors: {errors:?}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_wildcard_host_double_star_tld_rejected() {
+        let data = serde_json::json!({
+            "network_policies": {
+                "test": {
+                    "endpoints": [{
+                        "host": "**.org",
+                        "port": 443
+                    }],
+                    "binaries": []
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        let (errors, _warnings) = validate_l7_policies(&data);
         assert!(
-            warnings.iter().any(|w| w.contains("very broad")),
-            "*.com should warn about breadth, got warnings: {warnings:?}"
+            errors.iter().any(|e| e.contains("TLD wildcard")),
+            "**.org should be rejected as TLD wildcard, got errors: {errors:?}"
         );
     }
 

crates/openshell-server/src/grpc/validation.rs

@@ -795,6 +795,28 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(validate_policy_safety(&policy).is_ok());
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_safety_rejects_tld_wildcard() {
+        use openshell_core::proto::{NetworkEndpoint, NetworkPolicyRule};
+
+        let mut policy = openshell_policy::restrictive_default_policy();
+        policy.network_policies.insert(
+            "bad".into(),
+            NetworkPolicyRule {
+                name: "bad-rule".into(),
+                endpoints: vec![NetworkEndpoint {
+                    host: "*.com".into(),
+                    port: 443,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }],
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+        let err = validate_policy_safety(&policy).unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(err.code(), Code::InvalidArgument);
+        assert!(err.message().contains("TLD wildcard"));
+    }
+
     // ---- Static field validation ----
 
     #[test]