Refactor cmake scripts and support LTO

[Anilm3]

This PR builds on #231:

• Refactor and simplify cmake scripts
• Build LTO shared objects and non-LTO static objects when LTO enable
• Use clang-17 instead of 15 and apply clang-format / tidy fixes
• Remove some unused vendorised libraries
• Fix some build warnings

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (55879e9) 83.23% compared to head (014a9dd) 83.23%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #232   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   83.23%   83.23%           
=======================================
  Files         106      106           
  Lines        4176     4176           
  Branches     1914     1914           
=======================================
  Hits         3476     3476           
  Misses        279      279           
  Partials      421      421           

Flag	Coverage Δ
waf_test_none	83.13% <ø> (ø)
waf_test_sse2	83.20% <100.00%> (ø)

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[Anilm3]

Performance tests on clang-17 after yesterday's fixes to boolean generators (non-lto baseline vs lto):

context_destroy            : 9.00% faster than baseline, (z-test: -8.71)
run.mixed                  : 5.86% faster than baseline, (z-test: -4.81)
run.random.any             : 3.33% faster than baseline, (z-test: -2.90)
run.random.deep_containers : 3.40% faster than baseline, (z-test: -3.27)
run.random.long_strings    : 1.85% faster than baseline, NOT statistically significant (z-test: -1.61)
run.valid                  : 6.25% faster than baseline, (z-test: -5.14)