diff --git a/src/Bag.php b/src/Bag.php
index 332baf6..4473291 100644
--- a/src/Bag.php
+++ b/src/Bag.php
@@ -447,6 +447,10 @@ public function package(string $filepath): void
         if (!$this->isValid()) {
             throw new BagItException("Bag is not valid, cannot package.");
         }
+        $parent = dirname($filepath);
+        if (!is_dir($parent)) {
+            BagUtils::checkedMkdir($parent, 0777, true);
+        }
         $this->makePackage($filepath);
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/BagTest.php b/tests/BagTest.php
index 894ede0..0d9fd1d 100644
--- a/tests/BagTest.php
+++ b/tests/BagTest.php
@@ -761,6 +761,39 @@ public function testZipBag(): void
         );
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Archive destinations may include directories that do not exist yet.
+     *
+     * @dataProvider nestedArchiveFormats
+     * @covers ::package
+     */
+    public function testPackageCreatesParentDirectory(string $extension): void
+    {
+        mkdir($this->tmpdir);
+        $bag = Bag::create($this->tmpdir . "/bag");
+        $bag->addFile(self::TEST_IMAGE['filename'], "data/image.jpg");
+        $archive = $this->tmpdir . "/new/nested/archive." . $extension;
+        $this->assertDirectoryDoesNotExist(dirname($archive));
+        $bag->package($archive);
+        $this->assertFileExists($archive);
+        $restored = Bag::load($archive);
+        try {
+            $this->assertTrue($restored->isValid());
+            $this->assertSame(
+                $bag->getPayloadManifests()['sha512']->getHashes(),
+                $restored->getPayloadManifests()['sha512']->getHashes()
+            );
+        } finally {
+            self::deleteDirAndContents(dirname($restored->getBagRoot()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** @return array<array<string>> */
+    public static function nestedArchiveFormats(): array
+    {
+        return [['tar'], ['tar.gz'], ['tgz'], ['tar.bz2'], ['zip']];
+    }
+
     /**
      * Test generating a tar.
      *