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add tier 3 HelenOS compiler targets
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‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/base/helenos.rs

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use crate::spec::{PanicStrategy, RelroLevel, StackProbeType, TargetOptions};
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pub(crate) fn opts() -> TargetOptions {
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TargetOptions {
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os: "helenos".into(),
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dynamic_linking: true,
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// we need the linker to keep libgcc and friends
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no_default_libraries: false,
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has_rpath: true,
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relro_level: RelroLevel::Full,
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panic_strategy: PanicStrategy::Abort,
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stack_probes: StackProbeType::Inline,
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..Default::default()
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}
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}

‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/base/mod.rs

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@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ pub(crate) mod dragonfly;
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pub(crate) mod freebsd;
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pub(crate) mod fuchsia;
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pub(crate) mod haiku;
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pub(crate) mod helenos;
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pub(crate) mod hermit;
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pub(crate) mod hurd;
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pub(crate) mod hurd_gnu;

‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/mod.rs

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@@ -1841,6 +1841,13 @@ supported_targets! {
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("i686-unknown-haiku", i686_unknown_haiku),
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("x86_64-unknown-haiku", x86_64_unknown_haiku),
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("aarch64-unknown-helenos", aarch64_unknown_helenos),
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("armv5te-unknown-helenos-eabi", armv5te_unknown_helenos_eabi),
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("i686-unknown-helenos", i686_unknown_helenos),
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("powerpc-unknown-helenos", powerpc_unknown_helenos),
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("sparc64-unknown-helenos", sparc64_unknown_helenos),
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("x86_64-unknown-helenos", x86_64_unknown_helenos),
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("i686-unknown-hurd-gnu", i686_unknown_hurd_gnu),
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("x86_64-unknown-hurd-gnu", x86_64_unknown_hurd_gnu),
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‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/aarch64_unknown_helenos.rs

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use crate::spec::{Target, base};
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pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
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let mut base = base::helenos::opts();
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base.max_atomic_width = Some(128);
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base.features = "+v8a".into();
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base.linker = Some("aarch64-helenos-gcc".into());
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Target {
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llvm_target: "aarch64-unknown-helenos".into(),
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metadata: crate::spec::TargetMetadata {
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description: Some("ARM64 HelenOS".into()),
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tier: Some(3),
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host_tools: Some(false),
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std: Some(true),
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},
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pointer_width: 64,
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data_layout: "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i8:8:32-i16:16:32-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128-Fn32".into(),
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arch: "aarch64".into(),
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options: base,
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}
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}

‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/armv5te_unknown_helenos_eabi.rs

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use crate::spec::{Cc, FloatAbi, LinkerFlavor, Lld, Target, base};
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pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
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let mut base = base::helenos::opts();
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base.abi = "eabi".into();
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base.llvm_floatabi = Some(FloatAbi::Soft);
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base.max_atomic_width = Some(32);
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base.features = "+soft-float,+strict-align,+atomics-32".into();
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base.has_thumb_interworking = true;
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base.linker = Some("arm-helenos-gcc".into());
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base.add_pre_link_args(LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::Yes, Lld::No), &["-march=armv5te"]);
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// FIXME: these 3 flags are a hack to avoid generating R_*_RELATIVE relocations in code segment,
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// which cause the HelenOS loader to segfault. I believe the underlying issue is that HelenOS
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// doesn't map the code segment as writable, so the loader can't apply the relocations.
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// The same issue was with the i686-helenos target, I don't recall why the current combination
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// of flags avoids the issue there.
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base.crt_static_default = true;
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base.crt_static_respected = false;
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base.crt_static_allows_dylibs = true;
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Target {
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llvm_target: "armv5te-unknown-helenos-eabi".into(),
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metadata: crate::spec::TargetMetadata {
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description: Some("ARMv5te HelenOS".into()),
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tier: Some(3),
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host_tools: Some(false),
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std: Some(true),
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},
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pointer_width: 32,
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data_layout: "e-m:e-p:32:32-Fi8-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64".into(),
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arch: "arm".into(),
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options: base,
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}
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}

‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i686_unknown_helenos.rs

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use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, RustcAbi, Target, base};
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pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
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let mut base = base::helenos::opts();
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base.cpu = "pentium4".into();
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base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
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base.linker = Some("i686-helenos-gcc".into());
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base.add_pre_link_args(LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::Yes, Lld::No), &["-m32"]);
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base.rustc_abi = Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2);
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Target {
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llvm_target: "i686-unknown-helenos".into(),
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metadata: crate::spec::TargetMetadata {
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description: Some("IA-32 (i686) HelenOS".into()),
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tier: Some(3),
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host_tools: Some(false),
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std: Some(true),
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},
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pointer_width: 32,
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data_layout: "e-m:e-p:32:32-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-\
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i128:128-f64:32:64-f80:32-n8:16:32-S128"
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.into(),
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arch: "x86".into(),
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options: base,
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}
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}

‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/powerpc_unknown_helenos.rs

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use rustc_abi::Endian;
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use crate::spec::{Target, TargetMetadata, base};
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pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
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let mut base = base::helenos::opts();
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base.endian = Endian::Big;
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base.max_atomic_width = Some(32);
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base.linker = Some("ppc-helenos-gcc".into());
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Target {
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llvm_target: "powerpc-unknown-helenos".into(),
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metadata: TargetMetadata {
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description: Some("PowerPC HelenOS".into()),
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tier: Some(3),
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host_tools: Some(false),
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std: Some(true),
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},
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pointer_width: 32,
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data_layout: "E-m:e-p:32:32-Fn32-i64:64-n32".into(),
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arch: "powerpc".into(),
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options: base,
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}
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}

‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/sparc64_unknown_helenos.rs

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use rustc_abi::Endian;
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use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, Target, TargetMetadata, base};
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pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
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let mut base = base::helenos::opts();
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base.endian = Endian::Big;
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base.cpu = "v9".into();
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base.add_pre_link_args(LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::Yes, Lld::No), &["-m64"]);
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base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
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base.linker = Some("sparc64-helenos-gcc".into());
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Target {
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llvm_target: "sparc64-unknown-helenos".into(),
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metadata: TargetMetadata {
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description: Some("SPARC HelenOS".into()),
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tier: Some(3),
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host_tools: Some(false),
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std: Some(true),
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},
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pointer_width: 64,
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data_layout: "E-m:e-i64:64-i128:128-n32:64-S128".into(),
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arch: "sparc64".into(),
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options: base,
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}
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}

‎compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/x86_64_unknown_helenos.rs

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use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, Target, base};
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pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
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let mut base = base::helenos::opts();
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base.cpu = "x86-64".into();
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base.plt_by_default = false;
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base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
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base.linker = Some("amd64-helenos-gcc".into());
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base.add_pre_link_args(LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::Yes, Lld::No), &["-m64"]);
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Target {
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llvm_target: "x86_64-unknown-helenos".into(),
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metadata: crate::spec::TargetMetadata {
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description: Some("64-bit HelenOS".into()),
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tier: Some(3),
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host_tools: Some(false),
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std: Some(true),
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},
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pointer_width: 64,
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data_layout:
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"e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128".into(),
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arch: "x86_64".into(),
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options: base,
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}
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}

‎src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs

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//
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// Targets can be removed from this list once they are present in the stage0 compiler (usually by updating the beta compiler of the bootstrap).
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const STAGE0_MISSING_TARGETS: &[&str] = &[
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"aarch64-unknown-helenos",
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"armv5te-unknown-helenos-eabi",
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"i686-unknown-helenos",
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"x86_64-unknown-helenos",
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"powerpc-unknown-helenos",
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"sparc64-unknown-helenos",
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// just a dummy comment so the list doesn't get onelined
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];
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‎src/doc/rustc/src/SUMMARY.md

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- [solaris](platform-support/solaris.md)
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- [\*-nto-qnx-\*](platform-support/nto-qnx.md)
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- [\*-unikraft-linux-musl](platform-support/unikraft-linux-musl.md)
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- [\*-unknown-helenos](platform-support/helenos.md)
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- [\*-unknown-hermit](platform-support/hermit.md)
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- [\*-unknown-freebsd](platform-support/freebsd.md)
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- [\*-unknown-netbsd\*](platform-support/netbsd.md)

‎src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support.md

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[`aarch64-kmc-solid_asp3`](platform-support/kmc-solid.md) | ✓ | | ARM64 SOLID with TOPPERS/ASP3
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[`aarch64-nintendo-switch-freestanding`](platform-support/aarch64-nintendo-switch-freestanding.md) | * | | ARM64 Nintendo Switch, Horizon
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[`aarch64-unknown-freebsd`](platform-support/freebsd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | ARM64 FreeBSD
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[`aarch64-unknown-helenos`](platform-support/helenos.md) | ✓ | | ARM64 HelenOS
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[`aarch64-unknown-hermit`](platform-support/hermit.md) | ✓ | | ARM64 Hermit
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[`aarch64-unknown-illumos`](platform-support/illumos.md) | ✓ | ✓ | ARM64 illumos
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`aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu_ilp32` | ✓ | ✓ | ARM64 Linux (ILP32 ABI)
@@ -282,6 +283,7 @@ target | std | host | notes
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[`armv4t-none-eabi`](platform-support/armv4t-none-eabi.md) | * | | Bare Armv4T
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`armv4t-unknown-linux-gnueabi` | ? | | Armv4T Linux
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[`armv5te-none-eabi`](platform-support/armv5te-none-eabi.md) | * | | Bare Armv5TE
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[`armv5te-unknown-helenos-eabi`](platform-support/helenos.md) | ✓ | | Armv5TE HelenOS (see docs for pending issues)
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`armv5te-unknown-linux-uclibceabi` | ? | | Armv5TE Linux with uClibc
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[`armv6-unknown-freebsd`](platform-support/freebsd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | Armv6 FreeBSD
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[`armv6-unknown-netbsd-eabihf`](platform-support/netbsd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | Armv6 NetBSD w/hard-float
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[`i686-apple-darwin`](platform-support/apple-darwin.md) | ✓ | ✓ | 32-bit macOS (10.12+, Sierra+, Penryn) [^x86_32-floats-return-ABI]
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[`i686-pc-nto-qnx700`](platform-support/nto-qnx.md) | * | | 32-bit x86 QNX Neutrino 7.0 RTOS (Pentium 4) [^x86_32-floats-return-ABI]
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`i686-unknown-haiku` | ✓ | ✓ | 32-bit Haiku (Pentium 4) [^x86_32-floats-return-ABI]
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[`i686-unknown-helenos`](platform-support/helenos.md) | ✓ | | HelenOS IA-32 (see docs for pending issues)
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[`i686-unknown-hurd-gnu`](platform-support/hurd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | 32-bit GNU/Hurd (Pentium 4) [^x86_32-floats-return-ABI]
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[`i686-unknown-netbsd`](platform-support/netbsd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | NetBSD/i386 (Pentium 4) [^x86_32-floats-return-ABI]
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[`i686-unknown-openbsd`](platform-support/openbsd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | 32-bit OpenBSD (Pentium 4) [^x86_32-floats-return-ABI]
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[`mipsisa64r6el-unknown-linux-gnuabi64`](platform-support/mips-release-6.md) | ✓ | ✓ | 64-bit MIPS Release 6 Little Endian
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`msp430-none-elf` | * | | 16-bit MSP430 microcontrollers
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[`powerpc-unknown-freebsd`](platform-support/freebsd.md) | ? | | PowerPC FreeBSD
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[`powerpc-unknown-helenos`](platform-support/helenos.md) | ✓ | | PowerPC HelenOS
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[`powerpc-unknown-linux-gnuspe`](platform-support/powerpc-unknown-linux-gnuspe.md) | ✓ | | PowerPC SPE Linux
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`powerpc-unknown-linux-musl` | ? | | PowerPC Linux with musl 1.2.3
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[`powerpc-unknown-linux-muslspe`](platform-support/powerpc-unknown-linux-muslspe.md) | ? | | PowerPC SPE Linux with musl 1.2.3
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[`s390x-unknown-linux-musl`](platform-support/s390x-unknown-linux-musl.md) | ✓ | | S390x Linux (kernel 3.2, musl 1.2.3)
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`sparc-unknown-linux-gnu` | ✓ | | 32-bit SPARC Linux
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[`sparc-unknown-none-elf`](./platform-support/sparc-unknown-none-elf.md) | * | | Bare 32-bit SPARC V7+
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[`sparc64-unknown-helenos`](platform-support/helenos.md) | ✓ | | sparc64 HelenOS
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[`sparc64-unknown-netbsd`](platform-support/netbsd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | NetBSD/sparc64
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[`sparc64-unknown-openbsd`](platform-support/openbsd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | OpenBSD/sparc64
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[`thumbv4t-none-eabi`](platform-support/armv4t-none-eabi.md) | * | | Thumb-mode Bare Armv4T
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`x86_64-unknown-dragonfly` | ✓ | ✓ | 64-bit DragonFlyBSD
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`x86_64-unknown-haiku` | ✓ | ✓ | 64-bit Haiku
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[`x86_64-unknown-hermit`](platform-support/hermit.md) | ✓ | | x86_64 Hermit
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[`x86_64-unknown-helenos`](platform-support/helenos.md) | ✓ | | x86_64 (amd64) HelenOS
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[`x86_64-unknown-hurd-gnu`](platform-support/hurd.md) | ✓ | ✓ | 64-bit GNU/Hurd
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`x86_64-unknown-l4re-uclibc` | ? | |
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[`x86_64-unknown-linux-none`](platform-support/x86_64-unknown-linux-none.md) | * | | 64-bit Linux with no libc

‎src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/helenos.md

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# `*-unknown-helenos`
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**Tier: 3**
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Targets for [HelenOS](https://www.helenos.org).
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These targets allow compiling user-space applications, that you can then copy into your HelenOS ISO image to run them.
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Target triplets available:
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- `x86_64-unknown-helenos`
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- `sparc64-unknown-helenos`
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- `powerpc-unknown-helenos`
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- `aarch64-unknown-helenos`
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- `i686-unknown-helenos`*
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- `armv5te-unknown-helenos`*
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Support of the latter two platforms is available in the compiler, however, the toolchains are not fully functional:
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- On i686, some portions of native HelenOS libraries run into issues due to vector instructions accessing variables from stack that seems
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to be misaligned. It is not clear if this is fault of HelenOS or Rust. Most programs work, but for example calling `ui_window_create` from HelenOS
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libui does not work.
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- On 32-bit Arm, HelenOS libc is missing atomic primitives, and even after attempting to fill them, the resulting executables weren't functional,
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again for reasons that weren't fully understood yet.
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## Target maintainers
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- Matěj Volf ([@mvolfik](https://github.com/mvolfik))
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## Requirements
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These targets only support cross-compilation. The targets will[^helenos-libstd-pending] support libstd, although support of some platform features (filesystem, networking) may be limited.
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You need to have a local clone of the HelenOS repository and the HelenOS toolchain set up, no HelenOS-Rust development artifacts are available.
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[^helenos-libstd-pending]: libstd is not yet available, because it needs to be done in a separate PR, because compiler support needs to be merged first to allow creating libc bindings
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## Building
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If you want to avoid the full setup, fully automated Docker-based build system is available at https://github.com/mvolfik/helenos-rust-autobuild
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### HelenOS toolchain setup
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For compilation of standard library, you need to build the HelenOS toolchain (because Rust needs to use `*-helenos-gcc` as linker) and its libraries (libc and a few others). See [this HelenOS wiki page](https://www.helenos.org/wiki/UsersGuide/CompilingFromSource#a2.Buildasupportedcross-compiler) for instruction on setting up the build. At the end of step 4 (_Configure and build_), after `ninja image_path`, invoke `ninja export-dev` to build the shared libraries.
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Copy the libraries to the path where the compiler automatically searches for them. This will be the directory where you installed the toolchain (for example `~/.local/share/HelenOS/cross/i686-helenos/lib`). In the folder where you built HelenOS, you can run these commands:
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```sh
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touch /tmp/test.c
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HELENOS_LIB_PATH="$(realpath "$(amd64-helenos-gcc -v -c /tmp/test.c 2>&1 | grep LIBRARY_PATH | cut -d= -f2 | cut -d: -f2)")"
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# use sparc64-helenos-gcc above for the SPARC toolchain, etc
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cp -P export-dev/lib/* "$HELENOS_LIB_PATH"
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```
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### Building the target
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When you have the HelenOS toolchain set up and installed in your path, you can build the Rust toolchain using the standard procedure. See [rustc dev guide](https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/building/how-to-build-and-run.html).
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In the most simple case, this means that you can run `./x build library --stage 1 --target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu,<arch>-unknown-helenos` (the first target triple should be your host machine, adjust accordingly). Then run `rustup toolchain link mytoolchain build/host/stage1` to allow using your toolchain for building Rust programs.
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### Building Rust programs
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If you linked the toolchain above as `mytoolchain`, run `cargo +mytoolchain build --target <arch>-unknown-helenos`.
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## Testing
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After you build a Rust program for HelenOS, you can put it into the `dist` directory of the HelenOS build, build the ISO image, and then run it either in an emulator, or on real hardware. See HelenOS wiki for further instructions on running the OS.
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Running the Rust testsuite has not been attempted yet due to missing host tools (thus the test suite can't be run natively) and insufficient networking support (thus we can't use the `remote-test-server` tool).
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## Cross-compilation toolchains and C code
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You should be able to cross-compile and link any needed C code using `<arch>-helenos-gcc` that you built above. However, note that clang support is highly lacking. Therefore, to run tools such as `bindgen`, you will need to provide flag `-nostdinc` and manually specify the include paths to HelenOS headers, which you will find in the `export-dev` folder + in the cross-compilation toolchain (e.g. `~/.local/share/HelenOS/cross/lib/gcc/i686-helenos/14.2.0/include`). You can see an example of proper build.rs at https://github.com/mvolfik/helenos-ui-rs/blob/master/build.rs

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