diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 7eb1730ae..66494288c 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ DerivedData
 .DS_Store
 *~
 esctest/
+Package.resolved
diff --git a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Apple/AppleTerminalView.swift b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Apple/AppleTerminalView.swift
index f88ed92e3..750058eef 100644
--- a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Apple/AppleTerminalView.swift
+++ b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Apple/AppleTerminalView.swift
@@ -1934,4 +1934,4 @@ extension TerminalView {
 }
 #endif
 
-#endif
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Colors.swift b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Colors.swift
index 7411bb524..cc84cd547 100644
--- a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Colors.swift
+++ b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Colors.swift
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public class Color: Hashable {
         hasher.combine(blue)
     }
     
-    static let paleColors: [Color] = [
+    public static let paleColors: [Color] = [
         // dark colors
         Color (red8: 0x2e, green8: 0x34, blue8: 0x36),
         Color (red8: 0xcc, green8: 0x00, blue8: 0x00),
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public class Color: Hashable {
         Color (red8: 0xee, green8: 0xee, blue8: 0xec)
     ]
     
-    static let vgaColors: [Color] = [
+    public static let vgaColors: [Color] = [
         // dark colors
         Color (red8: 0, green8: 0, blue8: 0),
         Color (red8: 170, green8: 0, blue8: 0),
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public class Color: Hashable {
         Color (red8: 255, green8: 255, blue8: 255),
     ]
     
-    static let terminalAppColors: [Color] = [
+    public static let terminalAppColors: [Color] = [
         Color (red8: 0, green8: 0, blue8: 0),
         Color (red8: 194, green8: 54, blue8: 33),
         Color (red8: 37, green8: 188, blue8: 36),
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public class Color: Hashable {
         Color (red8: 233, green8: 235, blue8: 235),
     ]
     
-    static let xtermColors: [Color] = [
+    public static let xtermColors: [Color] = [
         Color (red8: 0, green8: 0, blue8: 0),
         Color (red8: 205, green8: 0, blue8: 0),
         Color (red8: 0, green8: 205, blue8: 0),
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public class Color: Hashable {
         Color (red8: 255, green8: 255, blue8: 255),
     ]
     
-    static let defaultInstalledColors: [Color] = [
+    public static let defaultInstalledColors: [Color] = [
         Color (red8: 0, green8: 0, blue8: 0),
         Color (red8: 153, green8: 0, blue8: 1),
         Color (red8: 0, green8: 166, blue8: 3),
@@ -131,6 +131,135 @@ public class Color: Hashable {
         Color (red8: 0, green8: 229, blue8: 229),
         Color (red8: 229, green8: 229, blue8: 229),
     ]
+
+    /// Dracula - popular vibrant dark theme
+    public static let draculaColors: [Color] = [
+        // normal colors
+        Color (red8: 0x21, green8: 0x22, blue8: 0x2c),
+        Color (red8: 0xff, green8: 0x55, blue8: 0x55),
+        Color (red8: 0x50, green8: 0xfa, blue8: 0x7b),
+        Color (red8: 0xf1, green8: 0xfa, blue8: 0x8c),
+        Color (red8: 0xbd, green8: 0x93, blue8: 0xf9),
+        Color (red8: 0xff, green8: 0x79, blue8: 0xc6),
+        Color (red8: 0x8b, green8: 0xe9, blue8: 0xfd),
+        Color (red8: 0xf8, green8: 0xf8, blue8: 0xf2),
+        // bright colors
+        Color (red8: 0x62, green8: 0x72, blue8: 0xa4),
+        Color (red8: 0xff, green8: 0x6e, blue8: 0x6e),
+        Color (red8: 0x69, green8: 0xff, blue8: 0x94),
+        Color (red8: 0xff, green8: 0xff, blue8: 0xa5),
+        Color (red8: 0xd6, green8: 0xac, blue8: 0xff),
+        Color (red8: 0xff, green8: 0x92, blue8: 0xdf),
+        Color (red8: 0xa4, green8: 0xff, blue8: 0xff),
+        Color (red8: 0xff, green8: 0xff, blue8: 0xff),
+    ]
+
+    /// Catppuccin Mocha - soothing pastel dark theme
+    public static let catppuccinMochaColors: [Color] = [
+        // normal colors
+        Color (red8: 0x45, green8: 0x47, blue8: 0x5a),
+        Color (red8: 0xf3, green8: 0x8b, blue8: 0xa8),
+        Color (red8: 0xa6, green8: 0xe3, blue8: 0xa1),
+        Color (red8: 0xf9, green8: 0xe2, blue8: 0xaf),
+        Color (red8: 0x89, green8: 0xb4, blue8: 0xfa),
+        Color (red8: 0xf5, green8: 0xc2, blue8: 0xe7),
+        Color (red8: 0x94, green8: 0xe2, blue8: 0xd5),
+        Color (red8: 0xba, green8: 0xc2, blue8: 0xde),
+        // bright colors
+        Color (red8: 0x58, green8: 0x5b, blue8: 0x70),
+        Color (red8: 0xf3, green8: 0x8b, blue8: 0xa8),
+        Color (red8: 0xa6, green8: 0xe3, blue8: 0xa1),
+        Color (red8: 0xf9, green8: 0xe2, blue8: 0xaf),
+        Color (red8: 0x89, green8: 0xb4, blue8: 0xfa),
+        Color (red8: 0xf5, green8: 0xc2, blue8: 0xe7),
+        Color (red8: 0x94, green8: 0xe2, blue8: 0xd5),
+        Color (red8: 0xa6, green8: 0xad, blue8: 0xc8),
+    ]
+
+    /// Gruvbox Dark - retro, warm, earthy tones
+    public static let gruvboxDarkColors: [Color] = [
+        // normal colors
+        Color (red8: 0x28, green8: 0x28, blue8: 0x28),
+        Color (red8: 0xcc, green8: 0x24, blue8: 0x1d),
+        Color (red8: 0x98, green8: 0x97, blue8: 0x1a),
+        Color (red8: 0xd7, green8: 0x99, blue8: 0x21),
+        Color (red8: 0x45, green8: 0x85, blue8: 0x88),
+        Color (red8: 0xb1, green8: 0x62, blue8: 0x86),
+        Color (red8: 0x68, green8: 0x9d, blue8: 0x6a),
+        Color (red8: 0xa8, green8: 0x99, blue8: 0x84),
+        // bright colors
+        Color (red8: 0x92, green8: 0x83, blue8: 0x74),
+        Color (red8: 0xfb, green8: 0x49, blue8: 0x34),
+        Color (red8: 0xb8, green8: 0xbb, blue8: 0x26),
+        Color (red8: 0xfa, green8: 0xbd, blue8: 0x2f),
+        Color (red8: 0x83, green8: 0xa5, blue8: 0x98),
+        Color (red8: 0xd3, green8: 0x86, blue8: 0x9b),
+        Color (red8: 0x8e, green8: 0xc0, blue8: 0x7c),
+        Color (red8: 0xeb, green8: 0xdb, blue8: 0xb2),
+    ]
+
+    /// Solarized Dark - Ethan Schoonover's CIELAB-designed palette
+    public static let solarizedDarkColors: [Color] = [
+        // normal colors
+        Color (red8: 0x00, green8: 0x2b, blue8: 0x36),
+        Color (red8: 0xdc, green8: 0x32, blue8: 0x2f),
+        Color (red8: 0x85, green8: 0x99, blue8: 0x00),
+        Color (red8: 0xb5, green8: 0x89, blue8: 0x00),
+        Color (red8: 0x26, green8: 0x8b, blue8: 0xd2),
+        Color (red8: 0xd3, green8: 0x36, blue8: 0x82),
+        Color (red8: 0x2a, green8: 0xa1, blue8: 0x98),
+        Color (red8: 0xee, green8: 0xe8, blue8: 0xd5),
+        // bright colors
+        Color (red8: 0x07, green8: 0x36, blue8: 0x42),
+        Color (red8: 0xcb, green8: 0x4b, blue8: 0x16),
+        Color (red8: 0x58, green8: 0x6e, blue8: 0x75),
+        Color (red8: 0x65, green8: 0x7b, blue8: 0x83),
+        Color (red8: 0x83, green8: 0x94, blue8: 0x96),
+        Color (red8: 0x6c, green8: 0x71, blue8: 0xc4),
+        Color (red8: 0x93, green8: 0xa1, blue8: 0xa1),
+        Color (red8: 0xfd, green8: 0xf6, blue8: 0xe3),
+    ]
+
+    /// All available color scheme names, suitable for populating a menu
+    public static let colorSchemeNames: [String] = [
+        "Dracula",
+        "Catppuccin Mocha",
+        "Gruvbox Dark",
+        "Solarized Dark",
+        "Tango",
+        "VGA",
+        "Xterm",
+        "macOS Terminal",
+        "Default",
+    ]
+
+    /// Returns the 16 ANSI base colors for the given color scheme name.
+    /// The name must be one of the values from ``colorSchemeNames``.
+    /// Returns `nil` if the name is not recognized.
+    public static func colorScheme(forName name: String) -> [Color] {
+        switch name {
+        case "Dracula":
+            return draculaColors
+        case "Catppuccin Mocha":
+            return catppuccinMochaColors
+        case "Gruvbox Dark":
+            return gruvboxDarkColors
+        case "Solarized Dark":
+            return solarizedDarkColors
+        case "Tango":
+            return paleColors
+        case "VGA":
+            return vgaColors
+        case "Xterm":
+            return xtermColors
+        case "macOS Terminal":
+            return terminalAppColors
+        case "Default":
+            return defaultInstalledColors
+        default:
+            return defaultInstalledColors
+        }
+    }
     
     static func setupDefaultAnsiColors (initialColors: [Color]) -> [Color]
     {
diff --git a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Mac/MacExtensions.swift b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Mac/MacExtensions.swift
index 90402c064..72d2d9220 100644
--- a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Mac/MacExtensions.swift
+++ b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Mac/MacExtensions.swift
@@ -26,6 +26,14 @@ extension NSColor {
 
         var red: CGFloat = 0.0, green: CGFloat = 0.0, blue: CGFloat = 0.0, alpha: CGFloat = 1.0
         color.getRed(&red, green: &green, blue: &blue, alpha: &alpha)
+
+        // For transparent colors (like .clear used as background), the mathematical
+        // inverse would also be invisible. Return a visible color based on appearance.
+        if alpha < 0.1 {
+          let isDark = NSAppearance.currentDrawing().bestMatch(from: [.darkAqua, .aqua]) == .darkAqua
+          return isDark ? NSColor.white : NSColor.black
+        }
+      
         return NSColor(calibratedRed: 1.0 - red, green: 1.0 - green, blue: 1.0 - blue, alpha: alpha)
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Mac/MacTerminalView.swift b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Mac/MacTerminalView.swift
index ed4aac911..e0aa06152 100644
--- a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Mac/MacTerminalView.swift
+++ b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Mac/MacTerminalView.swift
@@ -307,10 +307,18 @@ open class TerminalView: NSView, NSTextInputClient, NSUserInterfaceValidations,
             if settingBg { return }
             settingBg = true
             _nativeBg = newValue
+            layer?.backgroundColor = newValue.cgColor
             terminal.backgroundColor = nativeBackgroundColor.getTerminalColor ()
             settingBg = false
         }
     }
+
+    override public var isOpaque: Bool {
+        if let bg = _nativeBg {
+            return bg.alphaComponent >= 1.0
+        }
+        return true
+    }
     
     /// Controls weather to use high ansi colors, if false terminal will use bold text instead of high ansi colors
     public var useBrightColors: Bool = true
@@ -393,13 +401,18 @@ open class TerminalView: NSView, NSTextInputClient, NSUserInterfaceValidations,
 
     func setupScroller()
     {
-        let scrollerFrame = getScrollerFrame()
+        let scrollerWidth = NSScroller.scrollerWidth(for: .regular, scrollerStyle: scrollerStyle)
+        // Use a tall-enough frame so NSScroller initializes as vertical (orientation is determined by frame aspect)
+        let initialFrame = bounds.height > scrollerWidth
+            ? getScrollerFrame()
+            : NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: scrollerWidth, height: scrollerWidth + 1)
+
         if scroller == nil {
-            scroller = NSScroller(frame: scrollerFrame)
+            scroller = NSScroller(frame: initialFrame)
         } else {
-            scroller?.frame = scrollerFrame
+            scroller?.frame = initialFrame
         }
-        scroller.autoresizingMask = [.minXMargin, .height]
+        scroller.autoresizingMask = []
         scroller.scrollerStyle = scrollerStyle
         scroller.knobProportion = 0.1
         scroller.isEnabled = false
@@ -1117,7 +1130,7 @@ open class TerminalView: NSView, NSTextInputClient, NSUserInterfaceValidations,
     {
         // find the selected range of text in the buffer and put in the clipboard
         let str = selection.getSelectedText()
-        
+
         let clipboard = NSPasteboard.general
         clipboard.clearContents()
         clipboard.setString(str, forType: .string)
@@ -1591,6 +1604,24 @@ open class TerminalView: NSView, NSTextInputClient, NSUserInterfaceValidations,
     public func iTermContent (source: Terminal, content: ArraySlice<UInt8>) {
         terminalDelegate?.iTermContent(source: self, content: content)
     }
+  
+    // added by SNG for contextual menu
+    open override func menu(for event: NSEvent) -> NSMenu? {
+       let menu = NSMenu()
+                                                                                                                              
+       let copyItem = menu.addItem(withTitle: "Copy", action: #selector(copy(_:)), keyEquivalent: "")
+       copyItem.target = self
+                                                                                                                              
+       let pasteItem = menu.addItem(withTitle: "Paste", action: #selector(paste(_:)), keyEquivalent: "")
+       pasteItem.target = self
+                                                                                                                              
+       menu.addItem(.separator())
+
+       let selectAllItem = menu.addItem(withTitle: "Select All", action: #selector(selectAll(_:)), keyEquivalent: "")
+       selectAllItem.target = self
+                                                                                                                              
+       return menu
+   }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Pty.swift b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Pty.swift
index 0e18402f5..c73bf092d 100644
--- a/Sources/SwiftTerm/Pty.swift
+++ b/Sources/SwiftTerm/Pty.swift
@@ -56,6 +56,16 @@ public class PseudoTerminalHelpers {
       }
     }
 
+    /* Like String.withCString, but tolerates a nil string by passing a nil pointer to the body. */
+    static func withOptionalCString<R>(
+      _ string: String?, _ body: (UnsafePointer<CChar>?) -> R
+    ) -> R {
+      if let string {
+        return string.withCString { body($0) }
+      }
+      return body(nil)
+    }
+
     /**
      * This method both forks and executes the provided command under a Pseudo Terminal (pty)
      * - Parameter andExec: the name of the executable to run
@@ -68,25 +78,37 @@ public class PseudoTerminalHelpers {
     public static func fork (andExec: String, args: [String], env: [String], currentDirectory: String? = nil, desiredWindowSize: inout winsize) -> (pid: pid_t, masterFd: Int32)?
     {
         var master: Int32 = 0
-        
-        let pid = forkpty(&master, nil, nil, &desiredWindowSize)
-        if pid < 0 {
-            return nil
-        }
-        if pid == 0 {
-            if let currentDirectory {
-                _ = currentDirectory.withCString { p in
-                    chdir(p)
+
+        // After fork() in a multi-threaded process only the calling thread survives in the
+        // child; any lock another thread held at fork time (notably the Swift runtime's
+        // os_unfair_lock conformance cache) is left locked forever and aborts the child.
+        // Between fork and execve we may therefore only call async-signal-safe functions.
+        // Materialize every C string here, BEFORE forkpty(), so the child path touches no
+        // Swift runtime machinery (no String/Array bridging, allocation, or conformance
+        // lookups) and does nothing but chdir + execve. The buffers stay alive for the
+        // duration of these closures and the child inherits them at the same addresses.
+        return andExec.withCString { execPath in
+            withArrayOfCStrings(args) { pargs in
+                withArrayOfCStrings(env) { penv in
+                    withOptionalCString(currentDirectory) { cwd in
+                        let pid = forkpty(&master, nil, nil, &desiredWindowSize)
+                        if pid < 0 {
+                            return nil
+                        }
+                        if pid == 0 {
+                            if let cwd {
+                                _ = chdir(cwd)
+                            }
+                            _ = execve(execPath, pargs, penv)
+                            // execve only returns on failure; exit without unwinding back
+                            // into the (fork-unsafe) Swift runtime.
+                            _exit(127)
+                        }
+                        return (pid, master)
+                    }
                 }
             }
-            
-            withArrayOfCStrings(args, { pargs in
-                withArrayOfCStrings(env, { penv in
-                    let _ = execve(andExec, pargs, penv)
-                })
-            })
         }
-        return (pid, master)
     }
     
     /**
diff --git a/TerminalApp/MacTerminal/ViewController.swift b/TerminalApp/MacTerminal/ViewController.swift
index 77bcb94f7..d655b5376 100644
--- a/TerminalApp/MacTerminal/ViewController.swift
+++ b/TerminalApp/MacTerminal/ViewController.swift
@@ -117,6 +117,8 @@ class ViewController: NSViewController, LocalProcessTerminalViewDelegate, NSUser
         super.viewDidLoad()
         terminal = LocalProcessTerminalView(frame: view.frame)
         terminal.caretColor = .systemGreen
+        terminal.nativeBackgroundColor = .clear
+        terminal.nativeForegroundColor = .labelColor
         terminal.getTerminal().setCursorStyle(.steadyBlock)
         zoomGesture = NSMagnificationGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(zoomGestureHandler))
         terminal.addGestureRecognizer(zoomGesture!)