Add information about loops

Author: mfbmina

README.md

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ I believe to get a good understanding, you can follow this order:
 - [Stdin & stdout](https://github.com/mfbmina/data-structures-algorithms-go/blob/main/stdin_stdout.go)
 - [Arrays](https://github.com/mfbmina/data-structures-algorithms-go/blob/main/array.go)
 - [Conditional statements](https://github.com/mfbmina/data-structures-algorithms-go/blob/main/conditional_statements.go)
-- [Loops]()
+- [Loops](https://github.com/mfbmina/data-structures-algorithms-go/blob/main/loops.go)
 - [Pointers](https://github.com/mfbmina/data-structures-algorithms-go/blob/main/pointers.go)
 - [Structs](https://github.com/mfbmina/data-structures-algorithms-go/blob/main/structs.go)
 - [Functions](https://github.com/mfbmina/data-structures-algorithms-go/blob/main/functions.go)

loops.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+// In computer science, a loop (or for-loop) is a control flow statement for specifying iteration,
+// which allows code to be executed repeatedly.
+//
+// In Golang, there are three main types of for loop:
+// 1. While loops (which sometimes can be infinite loops)
+// 2. For loops
+// 3. Range loops
+func main() {
+	array := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
+
+	// While loops are used to do some actions while the condition is true.
+	// In this case, the condition is `i` being below 5.
+	i := 0
+	for i < 5 {
+		fmt.Println(i, "-", array[i])
+		i++
+	}
+	fmt.Println("----------")
+
+	// For loops are used to do some actions when you know exactly all the conditions for it.
+	// In this case, we want to instanciate `i` with 0 and for each iteration we increase `i` by 1.
+	// We do this while `i` is below 5.
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		fmt.Println(i, "-", array[i])
+	}
+	fmt.Println("----------")
+
+	// Range loops are the best when you want to go over a collection of elements.
+	// In this case, we go through the array.
+	for i, v := range array {
+		fmt.Println(i, "-", v)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("----------")
+
+	// Loops can also be `infinite`
+	i = -1
+	for {
+		i += 1
+
+		if i >= 5 {
+			// `break` quits the loop execution
+			break
+		}
+
+		if i%2 == 0 {
+			// `continue` executes the next iteration
+			continue
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println(i) //, "-", array[i])
+	}
+}