diff --git a/photoshop/api/action_manager/js_converter/convert.py b/photoshop/api/action_manager/js_converter/convert.py
index e0b56958..429abbdf 100644
--- a/photoshop/api/action_manager/js_converter/convert.py
+++ b/photoshop/api/action_manager/js_converter/convert.py
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ def parseref(tdict):
     plist = ["!ref"]
     # py37 compat
     try:
-        exec(
-            """ext = [(str2refgetpacker[val["type"]](e) """
+        ext = eval(
+            """[(str2refgetpacker[val["type"]](e) """
             + """if type(val := e["Value"]) == dict """
             + """else str2refgetpacker["default"](e)) for e in d2l]"""
         )
diff --git a/photoshop/api/action_manager/utils.py b/photoshop/api/action_manager/utils.py
index dd4e8eee..faaf1676 100644
--- a/photoshop/api/action_manager/utils.py
+++ b/photoshop/api/action_manager/utils.py
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 """TypeID conversion utilities of this submodule."""
 
+# Import built-in modules
+import warnings
+from functools import wraps
+
 # Import local modules
 from photoshop.api._core import Photoshop
 
@@ -7,8 +11,9 @@
 __all__ = ["str2id", "id2str"]
 
 
-class app(Photoshop):
-    """Partially reimplement the Application class in this file to avoid circular import."""
+class AppAgent(Photoshop):
+    """Partially reimplement the Application class
+    in this file to avoid circular import."""
 
     typename = "Application"
 
@@ -19,7 +24,21 @@ def id2str(self, number: int) -> str:
         return self.app.typeIDToStringID(number)
 
 
-converter = app()
+converter = None
+
+
+def requireapp(func):
+    """A simple decorator that initializes the global
+    app instance when the decorated function is called."""
+
+    @wraps(func)
+    def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
+        global converter
+        if converter is None:
+            converter = AppAgent()
+        return func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    return wrapped
 
 
 def str2hash(x: str) -> int:
@@ -35,10 +54,47 @@ def hash2str(x: int) -> str:
     return x.to_bytes(length=4, byteorder="big").decode()
 
 
+# Current approach of str2id is not perfect, it will face some "collisions".
+# This means, if there exists a charID which is the same as another stringID,
+# it will cause a "collision".
+# For example charID 'From' -> stringID 'from'
+#         and charID 'from' -> stringID 'originalAddressAttr'
+# We can know when this will happen by prescanning the cpp header
+# "PITerminology.h" and "PIStringTerminology.h".
+# Prescanned collisions are stored here. If you suffer from collisions that
+# str2id cannot handle, please open an issue.
+
+collisions = {
+    "chr": ("Cpy ", "From", "Type"),
+    "str": ("copyEvent", "originalAddressAttr", "class"),
+    "collision": ("copy", "from", "type"),
+}
+
+COLLISION_WARNING = """
+You are using a string that is a collision of stringID and charID.
+On this situation, str2id will consider this string as stringID. If you encounter COMerror
+on app.executeAction() later, you can try to replace this string(%s) with its corresponding
+charID(%s). If you are sure you want to use it as stringID and suppress this warning,
+replace this string(%s) with its corresponding stringID(%s).
+If this warning doesn't solve you problem, please open an issue."""
+
+
+@requireapp
 def str2id(psstr: str) -> str:
     """Convert charID or stringID to typeID"""
     assert type(psstr) == str
     if len(psstr) == 4:
+        try:
+            search = collisions["collision"].index(psstr)
+            warnstr = COLLISION_WARNING % (
+                repr(collisions["collision"][search]),
+                repr(collisions["chr"][search]),
+                repr(collisions["collision"][search]),
+                repr(collisions["str"][search]),
+            )
+            warnings.warn(warnstr, category=RuntimeWarning)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass  # I know what I am doing.
         typeid = str2hash(psstr)
         try:
             restr = converter.id2str(typeid)
@@ -51,6 +107,12 @@ def str2id(psstr: str) -> str:
     return typeid
 
 
+@requireapp
 def id2str(typeid: int) -> str:
     """Convert typeID to stringID"""
-    return converter.id2str(typeid)
+    result = converter.id2str(typeid)
+    try:
+        search = collisions["collision"].index(result)
+        return collisions["chr"][search]
+    except ValueError:
+        return result