Assignment-1 Week 3.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "9ca61cd7",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q1. Which keyword is used to create a function? Create a function to return a list of odd numbers in the range of 1 to 25."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "11b4624c",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The keyword used to create a function in Python is 'def'. Here's a function that returns a list of odd numbers in the range of 1 to 25:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "a2db0cd7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def get_odd_numbers():\n",
    "    return [num for num in range(1, 25) if num % 2 != 0]\n",
    "\n",
    "odd_numbers = get_odd_numbers()\n",
    "print(odd_numbers)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "afb29adb",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q2. Why *args and **kwargs is used in some functions? Create a function each for *args and **kwargs to demonstrate their use."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "523d44b2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The '*args' and '**kwargs' are used in functions when we want to accept a variable number of arguments. Here are functions that demonstrate their use:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "9b647440",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test1(*args):\n",
    "    return args"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "81bc26b0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 2, 3, 'kunal', 'mishra', [1, 2, 3, 4, 4])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test1(1,2,3,\"kunal\",\"mishra\",[1,2,3,4,4])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "8d7d066e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test2(**kwargs):\n",
    "    return kwargs"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "6f52cd7f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'a': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'b': 'kunal', 'c': 4.5}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test2(a = [1,2,3,4], b = \"kunal\", c = 4.5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "985ee460",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q3. What is an iterator in python? Name the method used to initialise the iterator object and the method used for iteration. Use these methods to print the first five elements of the given list [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20]."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0672386c",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "An iterator in Python is an object that allows traversal through elements of a collection or sequence. It provides a way to access elements one by one, without needing to know the underlying implementation. The 'iter()' method is used to initialize the iterator object, and the 'next()' method is used for iteration. Here's an example:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "994e84f5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2\n",
      "4\n",
      "6\n",
      "8\n",
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "my_list = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20]\n",
    "my_iterator = iter(my_list)\n",
    "\n",
    "for i in range(5):\n",
    "    print(next(my_iterator))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "09214ce5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q4. What is a generator function in python? Why yield keyword is used? Give an example of a generator function."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e6df844c",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "A generator function in Python is a special type of function that generates a sequence of values using the 'yield' keyword. It allows you to create an iterator without the need for defining a separate class. The 'yield' keyword is used to yield a value from the function, and the function's state is saved, allowing it to resume from where it left off when called again. Here's an example:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "b0046256",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test_fib1():\n",
    "    a,b = 0,1\n",
    "    while True:\n",
    "        yield a\n",
    "        a , b = b , a+b #a=b, b=a+b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "559c3530",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fib = test_fib1()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "19633d69",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "5\n",
      "8\n",
      "13\n",
      "21\n",
      "34\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in range(10):\n",
    "    print(next(fib))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "cc5a1b4f",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q5. Create a generator function for prime numbers less than 1000. Use the next() method to print the first 20 prime numbers."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "78f09ad2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Here's a generator function for prime numbers less than 1000, and using the 'next()' method to print the first 20 prime numbers:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "f5241da7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "5\n",
      "7\n",
      "11\n",
      "13\n",
      "17\n",
      "19\n",
      "23\n",
      "29\n",
      "31\n",
      "37\n",
      "41\n",
      "43\n",
      "47\n",
      "53\n",
      "59\n",
      "61\n",
      "67\n",
      "71\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def primes():\n",
    "    num = 2\n",
    "    while True:\n",
    "        if all(num % i != 0 for i in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1)):\n",
    "            yield num\n",
    "        num += 1\n",
    "\n",
    "prime_gen = primes()\n",
    "for i in range(20):\n",
    "    print(next(prime_gen))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "48a5d8bb",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q6. Write a python program to print the first 10 Fibonacci numbers using a while loop."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "a8e3c9ad",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test_fib2():\n",
    "    a,b = 0,1\n",
    "    while True:\n",
    "        yield a\n",
    "        a , b = b , a+b #a=b, b=a+b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "0f1bc595",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fib = test_fib2()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "ea28e5cb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "5\n",
      "8\n",
      "13\n",
      "21\n",
      "34\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in range(10):\n",
    "    print(next(fib))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "9e5bfc51",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q7. Write a List Comprehension to iterate through the given string: ‘pwskills’. Expected output: ['p', 'w', 's', 'k', 'i', 'l', 'l', 's']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "70016baa",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Here's a list comprehension to iterate through the given string \"pwskills\" and extract the desired characters:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "cb093a87",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['p', 'w', 's', 'k', 'i', 'l', 'l', 's']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "string = \"pwskills\"\n",
    "result = [char for char in string if char in \"pwskil\"]\n",
    "print(result)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "5f9f92cf",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q8. Write a python program to check whether a given number is Palindrome or not using a while loop."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d7a23fe2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    " Here's a Python program to check whether a given number is palindrome or not using a while loop:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "8496d6bf",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Enter a number: 121\n",
      "Palindrome\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "number = int(input(\"Enter a number: \"))\n",
    "temp = number\n",
    "reverse = 0\n",
    "\n",
    "while temp > 0:\n",
    "    digit = temp % 10\n",
    "    reverse = reverse * 10 + digit\n",
    "    temp //= 10\n",
    "\n",
    "if number == reverse:\n",
    "    print(\"Palindrome\")\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(\"Not Palindrome\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "73e12c68",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Q9. Write a code to print odd numbers from 1 to 100 using list comprehension. Note: Use a list comprehension to create a list from 1 to 100 and use another List comprehension to filter out odd numbers."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e03d6d16",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Here's a code to print odd numbers from 1 to 100 using list comprehension:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "id": "760fc2a9",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "odd_numbers = [num for num in range(1, 101) if num % 2 != 0]\n",
    "print(odd_numbers)"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.10.0"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 5
}