diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 348c635e..cde27f61 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import re
 import sys
 
-from setuptools import setup, find_packages
+from setuptools import find_packages, setup
 from setuptools.command.test import test as TestCommand
 
 long_description = open("README.rst", "r").read()
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ def run_tests(self):
     "wrapt",
     "six>=1.5",
     "yarl",
+    "requests_toolbelt",
 ]
 
 setup(
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_matchers.py b/tests/unit/test_matchers.py
index 5e45ab66..3f169428 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_matchers.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_matchers.py
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 
-from vcr import matchers
-from vcr import request
+from vcr import matchers, request
 
 # the dict contains requests with corresponding to its key difference
 # with 'base' request.
@@ -66,6 +65,22 @@ def test_uri_matcher():
 }
 
 
+def make_multipart_data(boundary, name):
+    # Simulates multipart request containing a "name" text field and "file" binary data (1x1 white PNG pixel).
+    return (
+        b"--"
+        + boundary
+        + b'\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="name"\r\n\r\n'
+        + name.encode("utf-8")
+        + b"\r\n--"
+        + boundary
+        + b'\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="file"\r\n\r\n\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n\x00\x00\x00\rIHDR\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\x08\x02\x00\x00\x00\x90wS\xde\x00\x00\x00\x0cIDATx\x9cc\xf8\xff\xff?\x00\x05\xfe\x02\xfe\r\xefF\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00IEND\xaeB`\x82\r\n--'
+        + boundary
+        + b"--\r\n",
+        {"Content-Type": f"multipart/form-data; boundary={boundary.decode('utf-8')}"},
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "r1, r2",
     [
@@ -125,6 +140,18 @@ def test_uri_matcher():
             request.Request("POST", "http://aws.custom.com/", b"123", boto3_bytes_headers),
             request.Request("POST", "http://aws.custom.com/", b"123", boto3_bytes_headers),
         ),
+        (
+            request.Request(
+                "POST",
+                "http://host.com/",
+                *make_multipart_data(b"1ef6f9a15c8b2da0dce8f3d2804bf01a", "a.png"),
+            ),
+            request.Request(
+                "POST",
+                "http://host.com/",
+                *make_multipart_data(b"e60f58697d0dcf44d44c50a64de09dbb", "a.png"),
+            ),
+        ),
     ],
 )
 def test_body_matcher_does_match(r1, r2):
@@ -150,6 +177,28 @@ def test_body_matcher_does_match(r1, r2):
             request.Request("POST", "http://host.com/", req1_body, {"Content-Type": "text/xml"}),
             request.Request("POST", "http://host.com/", req2_body, {"content-type": "text/xml"}),
         ),
+        (
+            request.Request(
+                "POST",
+                "http://host.com/",
+                *make_multipart_data(b"1ef6f9a15c8b2da0dce8f3d2804bf01a", "a.png"),
+            ),
+            request.Request(
+                "POST",
+                "http://host.com/",
+                *make_multipart_data(b"e60f58697d0dcf44d44c50a64de09dbb", "b.png"),
+            ),
+        ),
+        (
+            request.Request(
+                "POST",
+                "http://host.com/",
+                *make_multipart_data(b"1ef6f9a15c8b2da0dce8f3d2804bf01a", "a.png"),
+            ),
+            request.Request(
+                "POST", "http://host.com/", '{"b": 2, "a": 1}', {"content-type": "application/json"}
+            ),
+        ),
     ],
 )
 def test_body_match_does_not_match(r1, r2):
diff --git a/tox.ini b/tox.ini
index 0a5519a9..96fa3680 100644
--- a/tox.ini
+++ b/tox.ini
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ deps =
     PyYAML
     ipaddress
     requests: requests>=2.22.0
+    requests_toolbelt
     httplib2: httplib2
     urllib3: urllib3
     boto3: boto3
diff --git a/vcr/matchers.py b/vcr/matchers.py
index 3dd48726..86787889 100644
--- a/vcr/matchers.py
+++ b/vcr/matchers.py
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 import json
+import logging
+import re
 import urllib
 import xmlrpc.client
-from .util import read_body
-import logging
 
+from requests_toolbelt.multipart import decoder
+
+from .util import read_body
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ def body(r1, r2):
     r2_transformer = _get_transformer(r2)
     if transformer != r2_transformer:
         transformer = _identity
-    assert transformer(read_body(r1)) == transformer(read_body(r2))
+    assert transformer(r1.headers, read_body(r1)) == transformer(r2.headers, read_body(r2))
 
 
 def headers(r1, r2):
@@ -62,7 +65,7 @@ def checker(headers):
     return checker
 
 
-def _transform_json(body):
+def _transform_json(headers, body):
     # Request body is always a byte string, but json.loads() wants a text
     # string. RFC 7159 says the default encoding is UTF-8 (although UTF-16
     # and UTF-32 are also allowed: hmmmmm).
@@ -70,20 +73,32 @@ def _transform_json(body):
         return json.loads(body.decode("utf-8"))
 
 
+def _transform_multipart_form_data(headers, body):
+    decoded_data = decoder.MultipartDecoder(content=body, content_type=headers["content-type"])
+    return (
+        decoded_data.encoding,
+        [(part.headers, part.content) for part in decoded_data.parts],
+    )
+
+
 _xml_header_checker = _header_checker("text/xml")
 _xmlrpc_header_checker = _header_checker("xmlrpc", header="User-Agent")
 _checker_transformer_pairs = (
     (
         _header_checker("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
-        lambda body: urllib.parse.parse_qs(body.decode("ascii")),
+        lambda headers, body: urllib.parse.parse_qs(body.decode("ascii")),
     ),
     (_header_checker("application/json"), _transform_json),
-    (lambda request: _xml_header_checker(request) and _xmlrpc_header_checker(request), xmlrpc.client.loads),
+    (
+        lambda request: _xml_header_checker(request) and _xmlrpc_header_checker(request),
+        lambda headers, body: xmlrpc.client.loads(body),
+    ),
+    (_header_checker("multipart/form-data"), _transform_multipart_form_data),
 )
 
 
-def _identity(x):
-    return x
+def _identity(headers, body):
+    return body
 
 
 def _get_transformer(request):