diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 2a7c64717a..dff00b4974 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -4328,6 +4328,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "jbotci-source",
  "jbotci-syntax",
  "jbotci-tree",
+ "roxmltree 0.21.1",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "sha2",
diff --git a/apps/jbotci-server/src/lib.rs b/apps/jbotci-server/src/lib.rs
index 1d715a22fd..f56fc102f3 100644
--- a/apps/jbotci-server/src/lib.rs
+++ b/apps/jbotci-server/src/lib.rs
@@ -2846,21 +2846,21 @@ mod tests {
             .expect("tersmu XML text");
         // With definitions on (the default), tersmu returns one well-formed
         // XML document: structured WORD cards live in the WORDS section
-        // following KEY, not in a prepended text block.
+        // (the root's first child, after the KEY comment; jbotci#719), not in
+        // a prepended text block.
         assert!(
-            tersmu_text.starts_with("<SFN "),
-            "the default MCP tersmu document is a single XML document"
+            tersmu_text.starts_with("<!--\n"),
+            "the default MCP tersmu document opens with the KEY comment"
         );
         roxmltree::Document::parse(tersmu_text).expect("default MCP XML parses");
-        assert!(tersmu_text.contains("<KEY>"));
-        let after_key = tersmu_text
-            .split_once("</KEY>")
-            .expect("KEY closes before WORDS")
+        let after_root = tersmu_text
+            .split_once("\n<SFN ")
+            .expect("root follows the KEY comment")
             .1;
-        assert!(after_key.starts_with("\n  <WORDS>"));
-        let words_section = after_key
+        assert!(after_root.contains(">\n  <WORDS>\n"));
+        let words_section = after_root
             .split_once("</WORDS>")
-            .expect("WORDS closes before WAIVERS")
+            .expect("WORDS section closes")
             .0;
         assert!(words_section.contains("<WORD ID=\"klama\">"));
         assert!(words_section.contains("<GLOSS>"));
@@ -2922,7 +2922,10 @@ mod tests {
         let tersmu_xml_text = tersmu_xml["result"]["content"][0]["text"]
             .as_str()
             .expect("tersmu XML text");
-        assert!(tersmu_xml_text.starts_with("<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"&lt;input&gt;\">"));
+        assert!(tersmu_xml_text.starts_with("<!--\n"));
+        assert!(
+            tersmu_xml_text.contains("\n<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"&lt;input&gt;\">")
+        );
         assert!(tersmu_xml_text.contains("<UTTERANCE FORCE=\"ASSERT\" GROUND=\"g1\">"));
 
         let tersmu_json = post_json(
diff --git a/apps/jbotci/src/tool.rs b/apps/jbotci/src/tool.rs
index ba62215197..e2c9e7e3f6 100644
--- a/apps/jbotci/src/tool.rs
+++ b/apps/jbotci/src/tool.rs
@@ -1980,24 +1980,28 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(grounded.status, ToolStatus::Success);
         let grounded = grounded.stdout_text().expect("UTF-8 grounded XML");
         let ungrounded = ungrounded.stdout_text().expect("UTF-8 ungrounded XML");
-        // One well-formed document: no prepended text cards.
-        assert!(grounded.starts_with("<SFN "), "{grounded}");
+        // One well-formed document: no prepended text cards; the KEY teaching
+        // text is a single comment before the root element (jbotci#719).
+        assert!(grounded.starts_with("<!--\n"), "{grounded}");
         assert!(!grounded.contains("1. klama | by: officialdata"));
         assert!(grounded.ends_with("</SFN>\n"));
         roxmltree::Document::parse(grounded).expect("grounded output is one XML document");
-        // The WORDS section follows the KEY and carries the klama card with
-        // place markup inside DEF.
+        // The WORDS section is the first child of the root and carries the
+        // klama card with place markup inside DEF.
         assert!(
-            grounded.contains("</KEY>\n  <WORDS>\n"),
-            "WORDS must immediately follow KEY: {grounded}"
+            grounded.contains("\n<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"&lt;input&gt;\">\n  <WORDS>\n"),
+            "WORDS must be the first child of the root: {grounded}"
         );
         assert!(grounded.contains("<WORD ID=\"klama\">"), "{grounded}");
         assert!(grounded.contains("<GLOSS>"), "{grounded}");
         assert!(grounded.contains("<ARG INDEX=\"1\"/>"), "{grounded}");
         // The body after the section is byte-identical to the ungrounded body.
         let grounded_body = grounded.split_once("</WORDS>").expect("WORDS section").1;
-        let ungrounded_body = ungrounded.split_once("</KEY>").expect("KEY").1;
-        assert_eq!(grounded_body, ungrounded_body);
+        let ungrounded_body = ungrounded
+            .split_once("\n<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"&lt;input&gt;\">\n")
+            .expect("ungrounded root after comment")
+            .1;
+        assert_eq!(grounded_body, format!("\n{ungrounded_body}"));
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/apps/jbotci/tests/support/cli.rs b/apps/jbotci/tests/support/cli.rs
index b1ef028230..44a93c4b03 100644
--- a/apps/jbotci/tests/support/cli.rs
+++ b/apps/jbotci/tests/support/cli.rs
@@ -906,9 +906,12 @@ fn tersmu_smusni_cli_output_has_a_single_trailing_newline() {
 fn tersmu_xml_cli_output_is_one_canonical_document() {
     let run = run_cli_capture(&["jbotci", "tersmu", "--format", "xml", "mi klama"], false);
     assert_eq!(run.status, CliStatus::Success);
+    // jbotci#719: the document opens with the KEY teaching comment.
+    assert!(run.stdout.starts_with("<!--
+"));
     assert!(
         run.stdout
-            .starts_with("<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"&lt;input&gt;\">")
+            .contains("\n<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"&lt;input&gt;\">")
     );
     assert!(
         run.stdout
@@ -933,19 +936,20 @@ fn tersmu_show_defs_embeds_a_words_section_in_the_xml_document() {
         "cu",
         "barda",
     ]);
-    // One well-formed document: no prepended text cards.
+    // One well-formed document: no prepended text cards; the KEY teaching
+    // text is a single comment before the root element (jbotci#719).
     assert!(
-        output.starts_with("<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"&lt;input&gt;\">"),
-        "output must be a single SFN document: {}",
+        output.starts_with("<!--\n"),
+        "output must open with the KEY comment: {}",
         &output[..output.len().min(200)]
     );
     assert!(!output.contains("1. barda | by: officialdata"));
     assert!(!output.contains("cmavo:"));
-    // The WORDS section follows the KEY and carries the barda card with
-    // glosses and place markup inside DEF.
+    // The WORDS section is the first child of the root and carries the barda
+    // card with glosses and place markup inside DEF.
     assert!(
-        output.contains("</KEY>\n  <WORDS>\n"),
-        "WORDS must immediately follow KEY: {output}"
+        output.contains("\n<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"&lt;input&gt;\">\n  <WORDS>\n"),
+        "WORDS must be the first child of the root: {output}"
     );
     assert!(output.contains("<WORD ID=\"barda\">"), "{output}");
     assert!(output.contains("<GLOSS>big</GLOSS>"), "{output}");
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/Cargo.toml b/crates/jbotci-semantics/Cargo.toml
index 80eb0973eb..d835707556 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/Cargo.toml
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ bityzba = { workspace = true, features = ["contract_scanner"] }
 [dev-dependencies]
 jbotci-dictionary-data.workspace = true
 jbotci-dialect.workspace = true
+roxmltree.workspace = true
 sha2.workspace = true
 
 [lints]
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/examples/regen_goldens.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/examples/regen_goldens.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bcab70f407
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/examples/regen_goldens.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+//! Regenerate the SFN golden files after an intentional output-shape change
+//! (jbotci#719): the 48 xml_corpus `*.xml.txt` documents (frozen JSON plus
+//! injected binder universes), the 50 phaseb `*.smusni.txt` /
+//! `*.smusni-prov.txt` quartets (rebuilt from `.lojban` through the product
+//! pipeline), and the four xml_focused_regressions `*.xml.txt` documents
+//! (public typed path, DOC name swapped to the document id).
+//!
+//! Usage: `regen_goldens <xml-corpus|smusni|focused>`; prints one line per
+//! written file. The mechanical-diff verifier
+//! (`scripts/verify_issue_719_output_migration.py`) then proves the golden
+//! delta is exactly the intended shape change.
+
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+#[allow(unused_imports)]
+use bityzba::{data, ensures, invariant, new, requires};
+use jbotci_semantics::notation::{SmusniConfig, render_smusni, render_xml_value_for_tooling};
+use jbotci_semantics::{
+    SemanticBuildOptions, SemanticGraph, build_generated_semantic_graph_with_dictionary_and_options,
+    render_xml,
+};
+use jbotci_syntax::{ParseOptions, parse_syntax_tree_generated_model_with_source_and_options};
+use serde_json::Value;
+
+#[requires(!text.is_empty())]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn graph_for_text(text: &str) -> SemanticGraph {
+    let words = jbotci_morphology::segment_words_with_modifiers(text).expect("morphology");
+    let parsed = parse_syntax_tree_generated_model_with_source_and_options(
+        &words,
+        text,
+        &ParseOptions::default(),
+    )
+    .expect("syntax");
+    build_generated_semantic_graph_with_dictionary_and_options(
+        &parsed,
+        SemanticBuildOptions {
+            source_text: Some(text),
+            story_time: false,
+        },
+        jbotci_dictionary_data::english(),
+    )
+    .expect("semantics")
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn manifest() -> PathBuf {
+    PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn regen_xml_corpus() {
+    let corpus = manifest().join("tests/xml_corpus");
+    let binder_universes: Value = serde_json::from_slice(
+        &std::fs::read(corpus.join("BINDER_UNIVERSES.json")).expect("binder universes read"),
+    )
+    .expect("binder universes parse");
+    let mut documents: Vec<PathBuf> = std::fs::read_dir(&corpus)
+        .expect("corpus directory")
+        .filter_map(|entry| {
+            let path = entry.expect("corpus entry").path();
+            path.file_name()
+                .map(|name| name.to_string_lossy().into_owned())
+                .filter(|name| name.ends_with(".frozen.json"))
+                .map(|_| path)
+        })
+        .collect();
+    documents.sort();
+    assert_eq!(documents.len(), 48, "the xml corpus must stay at 48 documents");
+    for path in documents {
+        let document = path
+            .file_name()
+            .expect("document name")
+            .to_string_lossy()
+            .into_owned()
+            .replace(".frozen.json", "");
+        let mut graph: Value = serde_json::from_slice(
+            &std::fs::read(&path).unwrap_or_else(|error| panic!("read {}: {error}", path.display())),
+        )
+        .expect("frozen graph parses");
+        graph["scopeDependenceBinderUniverses"] = binder_universes[document.as_str()].clone();
+        let rendered = render_xml_value_for_tooling(graph, &document);
+        let target = corpus.join(format!("{document}.xml.txt"));
+        std::fs::write(&target, &rendered.output)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|error| panic!("write {}: {error}", target.display()));
+        println!("xml-corpus {document}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn regen_smusni() {
+    let corpus = manifest().join("tests/phaseb_corpus");
+    let mut documents: Vec<PathBuf> = std::fs::read_dir(&corpus)
+        .expect("corpus directory")
+        .filter_map(|entry| {
+            let path = entry.expect("corpus entry").path();
+            path.file_name()
+                .map(|name| name.to_string_lossy().into_owned())
+                .filter(|name| name.ends_with(".lojban"))
+                .map(|_| path)
+        })
+        .collect();
+    documents.sort();
+    assert_eq!(
+        documents.len(),
+        50,
+        "the phaseb corpus must stay at 50 documents"
+    );
+    for path in documents {
+        let document = path
+            .file_name()
+            .expect("document name")
+            .to_string_lossy()
+            .into_owned()
+            .replace(".lojban", "");
+        let text = std::fs::read_to_string(&path)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|error| panic!("read {}: {error}", path.display()));
+        let graph = graph_for_text(text.trim_end_matches('\n'));
+        let plain = render_smusni(&graph, SmusniConfig { provenance: false });
+        let provenance = render_smusni(&graph, SmusniConfig { provenance: true });
+        std::fs::write(corpus.join(format!("{document}.smusni.txt")), plain)
+            .expect("smusni golden write");
+        std::fs::write(
+            corpus.join(format!("{document}.smusni-prov.txt")),
+            provenance,
+        )
+        .expect("smusni provenance golden write");
+        println!("smusni {document}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn regen_focused() {
+    let focused = manifest().join("tests/xml_focused_regressions");
+    let cases = [
+        (
+            "b59",
+            "content-first-question-scope",
+            "mi djuno lo ka ce'u klama makau",
+        ),
+        (
+            "b60",
+            "content-first-question-scope",
+            "mi djica lo nu makau klama",
+        ),
+        ("b61", "referent-sort-abstraction", "mi facki lo ni ma kau clani"),
+        ("b62", "sign-quotation", "mi cusku lu ro da klama li'u"),
+    ];
+    for (document, group, text) in cases {
+        let graph = graph_for_text(text);
+        // Match the byte-parity test: render with the scope-dependence-first-
+        // visit label, then swap the DOC name to the document id.
+        let rendered = render_xml(&graph, "<scope-dependence-first-visit>");
+        let output = rendered.output.replacen(
+            "DOC=\"&lt;scope-dependence-first-visit&gt;\"",
+            &format!("DOC=\"{document}\""),
+            1,
+        );
+        let target = focused.join(group).join(format!("{document}.xml.txt"));
+        std::fs::write(&target, output)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|error| panic!("write {}: {error}", target.display()));
+        println!("focused {document}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn main() {
+    let mode = std::env::args()
+        .nth(1)
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("usage: regen_goldens <xml-corpus|smusni|focused>"));
+    match mode.as_str() {
+        "xml-corpus" => regen_xml_corpus(),
+        "smusni" => regen_smusni(),
+        "focused" => regen_focused(),
+        other => panic!("unknown mode: {other}"),
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/resources/sfn-xml-v0.xsd b/crates/jbotci-semantics/resources/sfn-xml-v0.xsd
index bf2f0d38f3..754a38c92f 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/resources/sfn-xml-v0.xsd
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/resources/sfn-xml-v0.xsd
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@
   TYPED-GRAPH fallback form.  It is both a validation schema and the reference
   documentation of the notation: every element and attribute carries an
   xs:annotation explaining its semantics.  The notation's own teaching text
-  travels inside each document as KEY/RULE prose; this schema is the
-  machine-readable counterpart.
+  travels inside each document as a single XML comment before the root
+  element (invisible to this schema); this schema is the machine-readable
+  counterpart.
 -->
 <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
 
@@ -20,24 +21,27 @@
       A document is a single SFN root element in one of two forms:
 
       * COMPACT form (no FORM attribute): the canonical rendering.  Top-level
-        child order is KEY, optional WORDS, WAIVERS, optional DEFS, exactly
-        one rendered graph-root element (normally UTTERANCE), optional
-        UNREACHABLE.
+        child order is optional WORDS, optional DEFS, exactly one rendered
+        graph-root element (normally UTTERANCE), optional UNREACHABLE.
       * TYPED-GRAPH form (FORM="TYPED-GRAPH"): the lossless fallback used when
         the graph contains a construct the compact notation cannot represent.
-        Top-level child order is KEY (whose last child is
-        COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES listing why), WAIVERS, TYPED-GRAPH.
+        Top-level child order is COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES (listing why),
+        TYPED-GRAPH.
+
+      The notation's teaching text is a single XML comment before the root
+      element (jbotci#719); as a comment it is invisible to this schema.
+      There are no KEY/RULE, WAIVERS, or CONNECTOR elements.
 
       XSD 1.0 cannot condition a content model on an attribute value, so the
       SFN type below admits both shapes in one sequence; the exact per-form
       shapes above are normative prose here and are renderer-enforced.
 
-      Lexical categories (mirrors the KEY rule "lexical-categories"): UPPERCASE
+      Lexical categories (mirrors the KEY comment's lexical-categories rule): UPPERCASE
       names are structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase
       values are sorts; lowercase values are content words as data only;
       quoted attribute strings are names.
 
-      ID/IDREF discipline (mirrors the KEY rules "ids", "ground", "some",
+      ID/IDREF discipline (mirrors the KEY comment's ids, ground, some rules,
       "defs"): graph-node ids are opaque, JSON-aligned tokens matching
       [reupfqvsdmxo][0-9]+ (prefix by object kind: r/e referent, u utterance,
       p predication, f formula, q quantity, v variable/parameter, s sequence,
@@ -333,7 +337,7 @@
       <xs:documentation>
         The eight facet attribute/element names.  As attributes they appear
         on referents and binders; absence of a facet attribute means
-        UNSPECIFIED (no commitment) — see the KEY rule "facet-silence".
+        UNSPECIFIED (no commitment) — see the KEY comment's facet-silence rule.
         A facet too structured for a single token is instead rendered as a
         FACET child element carrying this name in its NAME attribute.
       </xs:documentation>
@@ -384,7 +388,7 @@
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
         A non-empty space-separated list of 1-based argument-place indices
-        (the "atomic-lists" KEY rule: simple id or number lists are
+        (the KEY comment's atomic-lists rule: simple id or number lists are
         NMTOKENS attributes, never child elements).
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
@@ -393,6 +397,19 @@
     </xs:restriction>
   </xs:simpleType>
 
+  <xs:simpleType name="truthTableType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation>
+        A four-row binary truth table in the builder's row order (TT, TF,
+        FT, FF), one T or F per row.  Rendered only when the parent
+        operator does not already determine the table (jbotci#719).
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:pattern value="[TF]{4}"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+
   <xs:simpleType name="groupingBasisType">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
@@ -400,7 +417,7 @@
         EXPLICIT = the word itself encodes the boundary;
         ASSUMED-LEFT = the CLL default left-grouping assumption.
         These describe the basis of the displayed tree, not the coiner's
-        guaranteed intent (KEY rule "compound-assumptions").
+        guaranteed intent (the KEY comment's compound-assumptions rule).
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
@@ -456,7 +473,7 @@
         The definition-site id attribute.  Present exactly when this
         occurrence defines the shared graph node (all non-binder definitions
         sit in a DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all
-        uses — the "defs" KEY rule); absent at inline single-use sites.
+        uses — the KEY comment's defs rule); absent at inline single-use sites.
         Always serialized as the first attribute.
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
@@ -489,7 +506,7 @@
   <xs:attributeGroup name="scopeDependenceAttrs">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        Scope-dependence markers (KEY rules "scope-dependence" and
+        Scope-dependence markers (the KEY comment's scope-dependence rules and
         "scope-dependence-subsets").  SAME-FOR-ALL="true" means the referent
         is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit binder universe;
         POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER is a space-separated strict nonempty subset
@@ -651,7 +668,7 @@
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
         One semantic diagnostic of severity warning; the character content is
-        the diagnostic message (KEY rule "warnings").  Repeatable; appended
+        the diagnostic message (the KEY comment's warnings rule).  Repeatable; appended
         after all other children of the element whose object carried the
         diagnostic, and also used inside WORD cards.
       </xs:documentation>
@@ -695,7 +712,7 @@
         REF= instead of children.  FORALL and CARDINALITY always write
         RESTRICTION and BODY explicitly (empty as RESTRICTION/ or BODY/ when
         the graph supplies nothing); EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when
-        the graph supplies one (KEY rule "quantifiers").
+        the graph supplies one (the KEY comment's quantifiers rule).
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:sequence>
@@ -738,7 +755,7 @@
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
         Typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by
-        the enclosing BODY (KEY rule "embedded-questions"): one rendered
+        the enclosing BODY (the KEY comment's embedded-questions rule): one rendered
         question pointer per embedded question, in order.
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
@@ -751,7 +768,7 @@
 
   <!-- globally shared pointer-wrapper elements (REF= use site xor one inline child) -->
   <xs:element name="EVENT" type="pointerWrapperType">
-    <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The reserved first child of a PREDICATION: its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG (KEY rule "event-field").</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
+    <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The reserved first child of a PREDICATION: its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG (the KEY comment's event-field rule).</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
   </xs:element>
   <xs:element name="ANCHOR" type="pointerWrapperType">
     <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>An anchor referent of a facet, displayed content, or aspect: the eventuality or time the facet is anchored to.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
@@ -778,7 +795,7 @@
     <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The presupposed answer recorded on a QUESTION, when the graph carries one.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
   </xs:element>
   <xs:element name="APPLIES-TO" type="pointerWrapperType">
-    <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>Links an ADJUNCT's metadata to the host component it applies to (KEY rule "adjuncts").</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
+    <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>Links an ADJUNCT's metadata to the host component it applies to (the KEY comment's adjuncts rule).</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
   </xs:element>
   <xs:element name="CARD" type="pointerWrapperType">
     <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The cardinality quantity of a CARDINALITY binder.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
@@ -919,16 +936,17 @@
         The document root.  See the schema-level annotation for the two
         document forms.  The type below admits both shapes because XSD 1.0
         cannot condition the content model on the FORM attribute:
-        compact form = KEY, WORDS?, WAIVERS, DEFS?, one graph-root element,
-        UNREACHABLE?; TYPED-GRAPH form = KEY (with COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES),
-        WAIVERS, TYPED-GRAPH.
+        compact form = WORDS?, DEFS?, one graph-root element,
+        UNREACHABLE?; TYPED-GRAPH form = COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES,
+        TYPED-GRAPH.  The teaching KEY is a single XML comment before the
+        root element (jbotci#719); as a comment it is invisible to this
+        schema, and the former KEY/RULE and WAIVERS elements are gone.
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:complexType>
       <xs:sequence>
-        <xs:element ref="KEY"/>
         <xs:element ref="WORDS" minOccurs="0"/>
-        <xs:element ref="WAIVERS"/>
+        <xs:element ref="COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="DEFS" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:group ref="graphNodeGroup" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="UNREACHABLE" minOccurs="0"/>
@@ -978,51 +996,6 @@
     </xs:keyref>
   </xs:element>
 
-  <xs:element name="KEY">
-    <xs:annotation>
-      <xs:documentation>
-        The notation key: an ordered list of RULE teaching texts, always the
-        first child of SFN.  In the TYPED-GRAPH form it is followed inside
-        KEY by COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES.
-      </xs:documentation>
-    </xs:annotation>
-    <xs:complexType>
-      <xs:sequence>
-        <xs:element ref="RULE" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
-        <xs:element ref="COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES" minOccurs="0"/>
-      </xs:sequence>
-    </xs:complexType>
-  </xs:element>
-
-  <xs:element name="RULE">
-    <xs:annotation>
-      <xs:documentation>
-        One teaching rule of the notation; character content is the rule
-        prose.  TOPIC names the rule.  The topic set grows with the notation
-        itself (the renderer adds topics when new sections — e.g. word
-        cards — appear), so TOPIC is deliberately typed as an open string,
-        documented rather than enumerated: the schema must not become a
-        second source of truth that silently drifts from the renderer's KEY
-        tables.  Current compact topics, in emission order: ids,
-        lexical-categories, sorts, embedded-questions, kind-composition,
-        warnings, some, ground, quantifiers, scope-dependence,
-        scope-dependence-subsets, number-neutrality, personal-reference,
-        speaker-anchor, facet-silence, event-field, adjuncts, pro-sumti,
-        mode, defs, atomic-lists, order; plus, when a WORDS section is
-        present: word-cards, compound-approximation, compound-places,
-        compound-assumptions, context-placeholders, word-card-ids.
-        TYPED-GRAPH topics: form, objects, fields, elided-zohe.
-      </xs:documentation>
-    </xs:annotation>
-    <xs:complexType>
-      <xs:simpleContent>
-        <xs:extension base="xs:string">
-          <xs:attribute name="TOPIC" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
-        </xs:extension>
-      </xs:simpleContent>
-    </xs:complexType>
-  </xs:element>
-
   <xs:element name="COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
@@ -1072,38 +1045,10 @@
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
-  <xs:element name="WAIVERS">
-    <xs:annotation>
-      <xs:documentation>
-        The provenance waivers: one WAIVER per omission family the
-        owner-approved design permits (source records, assigned names,
-        descriptor words, introducedBy markers, quantity value text,
-        bound-variable words, composition relation labels).  Always present,
-        possibly empty.
-      </xs:documentation>
-    </xs:annotation>
-    <xs:complexType>
-      <xs:sequence>
-        <xs:element ref="WAIVER" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
-      </xs:sequence>
-    </xs:complexType>
-  </xs:element>
-
-  <xs:element name="WAIVER">
-    <xs:annotation>
-      <xs:documentation>One waiver; character content is the waiver message with interpolated counts.</xs:documentation>
-    </xs:annotation>
-    <xs:complexType>
-      <xs:simpleContent>
-        <xs:extension base="xs:string"/>
-      </xs:simpleContent>
-    </xs:complexType>
-  </xs:element>
-
   <xs:element name="DEFS">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        A declaration scope (KEY rule "defs"): DEICTIC-GROUND declarations
+        A declaration scope (the KEY comment's defs rule): DEICTIC-GROUND declarations
         first, then graph-node definitions, each carrying ID=.  Sits in the
         smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses of its
         definitions; always the first child of its parent.  Emitted only
@@ -1122,8 +1067,8 @@
   <xs:element name="DEICTIC-GROUND">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        Declaration of one shared speech-situation unit (KEY rule
-        "ground").  ID is a notation-level g-prefixed rendering id (the JSON
+        Declaration of one shared speech-situation unit (the KEY
+        comment ground rule).  ID is a notation-level g-prefixed rendering id (the JSON
         has no ground object id).  The four role attributes are the sole
         definition sites for the speaker/audience/time/place referent ids;
         ground units share one definition iff those referents are pairwise
@@ -1241,7 +1186,7 @@
         reference structures, the descriptor, scoped BODY/CONTENT,
         EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS, QUOTATION, ADJUNCTs, and finally the generic
         EXTRA tail.  All sections are optional; childless referents
-        self-close (KEY rule "order").
+        self-close (the KEY comment's order rule).
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:sequence>
@@ -1269,7 +1214,7 @@
         uppercased (ENTITY, EVENTUALITY, PROPOSITION, LOCUTION, ...), or
         UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT for an elided zo'e referent, or UNKNOWN when
         the graph carries no usable sort.  References are number-neutral
-        (KEY rule "number-neutrality"): a reference may denote one or
+        (the KEY comment's number-neutrality rule): a reference may denote one or
         several individuals; only explicit quantities, cardinality binders,
         or mass restrictions commit to number.
 
@@ -1290,7 +1235,7 @@
     <xs:attribute name="REF" type="refOrSomeType"/>
     <xs:attribute name="KIND" type="enumTokenType"/>
     <xs:attribute name="PARAMETERS" type="xs:IDREFS">
-      <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>Space-separated ids of the abstraction/question parameters this referent binds; a strict-id list per the "atomic-lists" KEY rule.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
+      <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>Space-separated ids of the abstraction/question parameters this referent binds; a strict-id list per the KEY comment's atomic-lists rule.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
     </xs:attribute>
     <xs:attribute name="ARITY" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
       <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The parameter arity of an abstraction referent, when the graph derives it.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
@@ -1422,8 +1367,8 @@
         describing predication scope; a proposition referent's BODY is
         pushed here rather than on the referent element), RELATIVE-CLAUSES,
         EXTRA.  SPEAKER-REF appears only when the description's speaker
-        anchor differs from the enclosing utterance's speaker (KEY rule
-        "speaker-anchor"); it references the speaker referent id defined by
+        anchor differs from the enclosing utterance's speaker (the
+        KEY comment speaker-anchor rule); it references the speaker referent id defined by
         DEICTIC-GROUND, which XSD 1.0 cannot type as an ID here, so the
         reference is pattern-typed and renderer-checked.
       </xs:documentation>
@@ -1557,7 +1502,7 @@
           <xs:documentation>
             A name descriptor: TEXT is the name itself.  BY points to the
             naming speaker and appears only when the namer differs from the
-            enclosing utterance's speaker (KEY rule "speaker-anchor").
+            enclosing utterance's speaker (the KEY comment's speaker-anchor rule).
             (The word-card NAMED inside COMPOSITE-APPROX is a different,
             locally declared element.)
           </xs:documentation>
@@ -1580,7 +1525,7 @@
         <xs:annotation>
           <xs:documentation>
             A word-only stopgap for a referent that remains unresolved after
-            the KOhA audit (KEY rule "pro-sumti"); the quoted WORD value is
+            the KOhA audit (the KEY comment's pro-sumti rule); the quoted WORD value is
             the stopgap's whole content.  Bound-variable surface words are
             provenance-only and do not appear here.
           </xs:documentation>
@@ -1619,8 +1564,8 @@
   <xs:element name="VARIABLE">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        A quantifier variable defined at its binder site (KEY rule
-        "quantifiers"): ID defines the variable, SORT is its flat sort;
+        A quantifier variable defined at its binder site (the KEY
+        comment quantifiers rule): ID defines the variable, SORT is its flat sort;
         use sites carry REF=.  DENOTATION appears only when the denotation
         is not the default generated-bound; CATEGORY only when the category
         is not the default variable.  A bound variable may carry a
@@ -1806,8 +1751,8 @@
   <xs:element name="PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        The membership structure of a personal mass (mi'o family; KEY rule
-        "personal-reference"): whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or
+        The membership structure of a personal mass (mi'o family; the
+        KEY comment personal-reference rule): whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or
         EXCLUDED, plus any additional included OTHERS.  These structures
         carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.  (The word-card
         PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP inside COMPOSITE-APPROX is an
@@ -1837,7 +1782,7 @@
         A deictic reference (ti/ta/tu family): PROXIMITY to a discourse
         referent, with GROUND-REF pointing at the discourse referent it is
         resolved against (an r/e-prefixed referent id, NOT a deictic-ground
-        unit id; KEY rule "personal-reference").  Always empty apart from
+        unit id; the KEY comment's personal-reference rule).  Always empty apart from
         the EXTRA tail.
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
@@ -1972,9 +1917,10 @@
         UNSPECIFIED_RELATION, PLACE_QUESTION, CONNECTIVE_QUESTION,
         TENSE_QUESTION, MATH_OPERATOR_QUESTION, QUANTITY_QUESTION,
         ATTITUDE_QUESTION, RESPECTIVE_SLOT).  SLOT parameters bind only the
-        question BODY (KEY rule "embedded-questions").  The optional REF=
+        question BODY (the KEY comment's embedded-questions rule).  The optional REF=
         admits the wrapper-collapse use where an element named PARAMETER is
-        a pure use site (e.g. inside CONNECTOR, SLOT, PLACE-QUESTION).
+        a pure use site (e.g. on a connective formula, inside SLOT,
+        PLACE-QUESTION).
         (The word-card PARAMETER inside COMPOSITE-APPROX is a different,
         locally declared element.)
       </xs:documentation>
@@ -2048,14 +1994,15 @@
           </xs:complexType>
         </xs:element>
         <xs:element name="NONLOGICAL-CONNECTION" minOccurs="0">
-          <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>A non-logical connection between sequence items; OPERATOR is the operator surface text verbatim, CONNECTOR its connector record.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
+          <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>A non-logical connection between sequence items; OPERATOR is the operator surface text verbatim; the connector's surface word and locus are provenance (jbotci#719), so only an optional connective-question PARAMETER remains.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
           <xs:complexType>
             <xs:sequence>
-              <xs:element ref="CONNECTOR"/>
-              <xs:element ref="EXTRA" minOccurs="0"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="EXTRA" minOccurs="0"/>
               <xs:element ref="WARNING" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
             </xs:sequence>
             <xs:attribute name="OPERATOR" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="truthTableType"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="PARAMETER" type="xs:string"/>
           </xs:complexType>
         </xs:element>
         <xs:element name="ELIDED-CONNECTION-OPERAND" type="scalarValueType" minOccurs="0">
@@ -2082,7 +2029,7 @@
         NEUTRAL, NEGATIVE), ASSERTION-EFFECT its effect on the host claim
         (NONE, HOST_ASSERTED, HOST_SUBORDINATED,
         METALINGUISTICALLY_VOIDED, PERFORMATIVE), TARGET-FOCUS what it
-        targets (BRIDI or SELBRI).  EXPERIENCER, TARGET, and ANCHOR are
+        targets (CLAUSE or PREDICATE).  EXPERIENCER, TARGET, and ANCHOR are
         its participant pointers.
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
@@ -2298,7 +2245,7 @@
   <xs:element name="QUESTION">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        A typed question object (KEY rule "embedded-questions").  KIND
+        A typed question object (the KEY comment's embedded-questions rule).  KIND
         classifies the question (TRUTH, ARGUMENT, RELATION, PLACE,
         CONNECTIVE, TENSE, MATH_OPERATOR, ATTITUDE, QUANTITY, MULTIPLE),
         MODE its mode (DIRECT or INDIRECT), DOMAIN its domain sort.
@@ -2404,7 +2351,7 @@
         One numbered argument place of a PREDICATION or a predicate-keyed
         ADJUNCT.  INDEX is the 1-based place number (absent only on the
         PLACE-QUESTION argument form).  FILL="true" marks the unique
-        explicit non-host filled place of an adjunct (KEY rule "adjuncts").
+        explicit non-host filled place of an adjunct (the KEY comment's adjuncts rule).
         STATUS records an elided (ELIDED) or filled (FILLED) place when the
         graph marks the place's introduction.  The value is a REF= use site
         or one inline child: DELETED for a deleted place, MISSING-VALUE for
@@ -2463,13 +2410,14 @@
       <xs:documentation>
         A predication object.  PREDICATE is the predicate symbol when the
         relation is a single lexical predicate; MODE (required) is the
-        claim mode (see modeType).  Children in order: RELATION (when the
-        relation is a bound parameter) or MISSING-RELATION (when the graph
-        supplies neither) — neither appears when PREDICATE is used; EVENT
-        (the reserved Eventuality child, never a numbered ARG); the
-        numbered ARG places in place order; ADJUNCTs; PLACE-QUESTIONS;
-        KIND-COMPOSITION; META (relation metadata, scalar negation); then
-        any WARNING diagnostics.
+        claim mode (see modeType).  Children in order: the relation slot —
+        RELATION (when the relation is a bound parameter), KIND-COMPOSITION
+        (when the predicate is composite, jbotci#719), or MISSING-RELATION
+        (when the graph supplies neither) — omitted only when PREDICATE is
+        used; EVENT (the reserved Eventuality child, never a numbered ARG);
+        the numbered ARG places in place order; ADJUNCTs; PLACE-QUESTIONS;
+        META (relation metadata, scalar negation); then any WARNING
+        diagnostics.
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:complexType>
@@ -2479,6 +2427,7 @@
             <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The relation parameter of the predication (when the relation is a bound parameter rather than a lexical predicate).</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="MISSING-RELATION"/>
+          <xs:element ref="KIND-COMPOSITION"/>
         </xs:choice>
         <xs:element ref="EVENT" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="ARG" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
@@ -2502,7 +2451,6 @@
             </xs:sequence>
           </xs:complexType>
         </xs:element>
-        <xs:element ref="KIND-COMPOSITION" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element name="META" minOccurs="0">
           <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>Predication metadata: relation metadata, scalar negation, and extras.  Emitted only when non-empty.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
           <xs:complexType>
@@ -2522,28 +2470,84 @@
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
+  <!-- One operand of a relation composition (KIND, MODIFIER, or a
+       RELATION leaf inside a relation-level CONNECTIVE).  Three forms:
+       compact lexical (PREDICATE=, optional PARTICIPANT-PLACE= and fixed
+       ARGs); composite (BODY wrapping one relation-expression subtree);
+       or a bare REF= use site of an already-defined composite relation.
+       The attribute/content co-occurrence (PREDICATE= forbids BODY, REF=
+       forbids children) is renderer-enforced: XSD 1.0 cannot condition
+       attributes on content. -->
+  <xs:complexType name="relationOperandType">
+    <xs:choice>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element ref="ARG" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="BODY">
+        <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The composite relation-expression subtree: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifier RELATION leaves, or the existing RELATION-lambda / abstraction rendering of a referenced composite relation.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
+        <xs:complexType>
+          <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element ref="KIND-COMPOSITION"/>
+            <xs:element name="CONNECTIVE">
+              <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>A relation-level connective (in a relation-expression BODY): its RELATION leaves have no MODE; operand order is semantically significant.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
+              <xs:complexType>
+                <xs:sequence>
+                  <xs:element name="RELATION" type="relationOperandType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                </xs:sequence>
+                <xs:attribute name="OPERATOR" use="required">
+                  <xs:simpleType>
+                    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                      <xs:enumeration value="AND"/>
+                      <xs:enumeration value="OR"/>
+                    </xs:restriction>
+                  </xs:simpleType>
+                </xs:attribute>
+                <xs:attribute name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="truthTableType"/>
+              </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+            <xs:element ref="RELATION"/>
+            <xs:element ref="ENTITY"/>
+          </xs:choice>
+        </xs:complexType>
+      </xs:element>
+    </xs:choice>
+    <xs:attribute name="PREDICATE" type="predicateSymbolType"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="PARTICIPANT-PLACE" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="REF" type="xs:string"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
   <xs:element name="KIND-COMPOSITION">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        First-class kind predication content (KEY rule "kind-composition"):
-        MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while
-        retaining B's place structure.  The exact modifier-to-kind relation
-        remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's
-        grouping.  (The word-card KIND-COMPOSITION inside COMPOSITE-APPROX
-        uses the same idiom but is locally declared there.)
+        A kind-composition relation expression (the KEY comment's
+        kind-composition rule): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified
+        kind of B while retaining B's place structure.  The exact
+        modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves
+        the semantic graph's grouping.  GROUPING states the basis of a
+        grouping edge; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT (the deterministic
+        grammar default), EXPLICIT marks an edge the text itself
+        determines, at tree level for a uniformly explicit tree and per
+        node on a mixed tree (jbotci#719).  In the PREDICATION relation
+        slot it is the composite predicate itself — or, in the loud
+        fallback form of an unprojected tanru link, a sidecar of pointer
+        wrappers to the head predication and the modifier relation.  (The
+        word-card KIND-COMPOSITION inside
+        COMPOSITE-APPROX uses the same idiom but is locally declared
+        there.)
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:complexType>
       <xs:sequence>
-        <xs:element name="KIND" type="pointerWrapperType">
+        <xs:element name="KIND" type="relationOperandType">
           <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The kind being modified.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
         </xs:element>
-        <xs:element name="MODIFIER" type="pointerWrapperType">
+        <xs:element name="MODIFIER" type="relationOperandType">
           <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The modifier applied to the kind.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
         </xs:element>
         <xs:element ref="EXTRA" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="WARNING" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
       </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:attribute name="GROUPING" type="groupingBasisType"/>
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
@@ -2559,8 +2563,10 @@
         WHETHER_OR_NOT, CONNECTIVE_QUESTION, PLURAL_EXISTS, PLURAL_FORALL,
         QUANTIFIER_BUNDLE, RESPECTIVELY_DISTRIBUTION; AND, OR, NOT, ATOM,
         and the quantifier operators have their own elements).  Children:
-        optional DEFS, then the operands in order, then CONNECTOR,
-        DOMAIN-IMPORT, and any extra fields inlined directly.
+        optional DEFS, then the operands in order, then DOMAIN-IMPORT,
+        an optional connective-question PARAMETER, and any extra fields
+        inlined directly.  TRUTH-TABLE= appears only when the graph
+        records a table OPERATOR= does not already determine (jbotci#719).
 
         Known XSD-1.0 weakness: for some compound operators the renderer
         emits field-named pointer wrappers (PREDICATION, VARIABLE,
@@ -2575,7 +2581,6 @@
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element ref="DEFS" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:group ref="graphNodeGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
-        <xs:element ref="CONNECTOR" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="DOMAIN-IMPORT" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="FIELD" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
         <xs:element ref="EXTRA" minOccurs="0"/>
@@ -2583,6 +2588,8 @@
       </xs:sequence>
       <xs:attributeGroup ref="idAttr"/>
       <xs:attribute name="OPERATOR" type="enumTokenType"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="truthTableType"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="PARAMETER" type="xs:string"/>
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
@@ -2591,15 +2598,18 @@
       <xs:documentation>
         A logical connective formula: OPERATOR is AND or OR.  Children:
         optional DEFS, then the operands in order — operand order is
-        semantically significant (KEY rule "order") — then CONNECTOR and
-        any extra fields inlined directly.
+        semantically significant (the KEY comment's order rule) — then an
+        optional connective-question PARAMETER and any extra fields
+        inlined directly.  TRUTH-TABLE= appears only when the graph
+        records a table OPERATOR= does not already determine; the surface
+        connective word and its locus are provenance and never appear
+        (jbotci#719).
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:complexType>
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element ref="DEFS" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:group ref="graphNodeGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
-        <xs:element ref="CONNECTOR" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="FIELD" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
         <xs:element ref="EXTRA" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="WARNING" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
@@ -2613,6 +2623,8 @@
           </xs:restriction>
         </xs:simpleType>
       </xs:attribute>
+      <xs:attribute name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="truthTableType"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="PARAMETER" type="xs:string"/>
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
@@ -2620,31 +2632,33 @@
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
         A negation formula (operator "not"): optional DEFS, the negated
-        operand, then CONNECTOR and extras.  (The NEGATION elements inside
-        OCCURRENCE and the word-card PREDICATION-NEGATION are different,
-        locally declared elements.)
+        operand, then an optional connective-question PARAMETER and
+        extras.  (The NEGATION elements inside OCCURRENCE and the
+        word-card PREDICATION-NEGATION are different, locally declared
+        elements.)
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:complexType>
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element ref="DEFS" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:group ref="graphNodeGroup" minOccurs="0"/>
-        <xs:element ref="CONNECTOR" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="FIELD" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
         <xs:element ref="EXTRA" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="WARNING" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
       </xs:sequence>
       <xs:attributeGroup ref="idAttr"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="truthTableType"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="PARAMETER" type="xs:string"/>
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
   <xs:element name="EXISTS">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        An existential binder (KEY rule "quantifiers"): VARIABLE defines
-        the bound variable; optional DEFS; RESTRICTION appears exactly when
-        the graph supplies one; BODY always; then the optional
-        QUANTITY-VALUE, DOMAIN-IMPORT, and CONNECTOR.
+        An existential binder (the KEY comment's quantifiers rule):
+        VARIABLE defines the bound variable; optional DEFS; RESTRICTION
+        appears exactly when the graph supplies one; BODY always; then the
+        optional QUANTITY-VALUE, DOMAIN-IMPORT, and PARAMETER.
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:complexType>
@@ -2658,11 +2672,12 @@
           <xs:element ref="QUANTITY"/>
         </xs:choice>
         <xs:element ref="DOMAIN-IMPORT" minOccurs="0"/>
-        <xs:element ref="CONNECTOR" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="FIELD" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
         <xs:element ref="WARNING" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
       </xs:sequence>
       <xs:attributeGroup ref="idAttr"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="truthTableType"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="PARAMETER" type="xs:string"/>
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
@@ -2684,11 +2699,12 @@
           <xs:element ref="QUANTITY"/>
         </xs:choice>
         <xs:element ref="DOMAIN-IMPORT" minOccurs="0"/>
-        <xs:element ref="CONNECTOR" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="FIELD" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
         <xs:element ref="WARNING" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
       </xs:sequence>
       <xs:attributeGroup ref="idAttr"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="truthTableType"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="PARAMETER" type="xs:string"/>
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
@@ -2697,7 +2713,7 @@
       <xs:documentation>
         A cardinality binder: VARIABLE, optional DEFS, the CARD quantity,
         then RESTRICTION and BODY (both always written explicitly), then
-        DOMAIN-IMPORT and CONNECTOR.
+        DOMAIN-IMPORT and an optional PARAMETER.
       </xs:documentation>
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:complexType>
@@ -2708,36 +2724,12 @@
         <xs:element ref="RESTRICTION"/>
         <xs:element ref="BODY"/>
         <xs:element ref="DOMAIN-IMPORT" minOccurs="0"/>
-        <xs:element ref="CONNECTOR" minOccurs="0"/>
         <xs:element ref="FIELD" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
         <xs:element ref="WARNING" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
       </xs:sequence>
       <xs:attributeGroup ref="idAttr"/>
-    </xs:complexType>
-  </xs:element>
-
-  <xs:element name="CONNECTOR">
-    <xs:annotation>
-      <xs:documentation>
-        A connector record on a formula, sequence connection, or binder:
-        SOURCE-WORD is the surface word when known; LOCUS and TRUTH-TABLE
-        are scalar connector properties; PARAMETER is the bound connective
-        parameter for a connective question.
-      </xs:documentation>
-    </xs:annotation>
-    <xs:complexType>
-      <xs:sequence>
-        <xs:element name="LOCUS" type="scalarValueType" minOccurs="0">
-          <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The connector locus.</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
-        </xs:element>
-        <xs:element name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="scalarValueType" minOccurs="0">
-          <xs:annotation><xs:documentation>The connector truth table (e.g. TTTF for A).</xs:documentation></xs:annotation>
-        </xs:element>
-        <xs:element name="PARAMETER" type="pointerWrapperType" minOccurs="0"/>
-        <xs:element ref="EXTRA" minOccurs="0"/>
-        <xs:element ref="WARNING" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
-      </xs:sequence>
-      <xs:attribute name="SOURCE-WORD" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="TRUTH-TABLE" type="truthTableType"/>
+      <xs:attribute name="PARAMETER" type="xs:string"/>
     </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
@@ -2790,7 +2782,7 @@
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
         A predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication
-        (KEY rule "adjuncts").  Three shapes: the compact form carries
+        (the KEY comment's adjuncts rule).  Three shapes: the compact form carries
         PREDICATE= with flat ARG children (the single-lexical-predicate
         place map); without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite
         predicate subtree; a record-shaped adjunct falls back to a generic
@@ -2896,7 +2888,7 @@
   <xs:element name="WORDS">
     <xs:annotation>
       <xs:documentation>
-        The word-card section (KEY rule "word-cards"): one WORD card per
+        The word-card section (the KEY comment's word-cards rule): one WORD card per
         content word of the text, in card order.  Present only when the
         document was rendered with word cards (tertmu --show-defs); never
         present in the TYPED-GRAPH form.  Card ids are unique within the
@@ -2942,12 +2934,12 @@
         <xs:annotation>
           <xs:documentation>
             The mechanical composition of a dictionary-absent compound
-            (KEY rule "compound-approximation"): suggestive, not
+            (the KEY comment's compound-approximation rule): suggestive, not
             definitional.  PLACES="UNKNOWN" means the composition tree
             determines no place structure — the actual meaning and places
-            were chosen by the coiner (KEY rule "compound-places").
+            were chosen by the coiner (the KEY comment's compound-places rule).
             GROUPING and SCOPE describe the basis of the displayed tree
-            edges (KEY rule "compound-assumptions").  The attributes are
+            edges (the KEY comment's compound-assumptions rule).  The attributes are
             tree-level by default: a tree whose kind-composition edges all
             share one basis carries GROUPING at this level, and a tree
             whose operator applications all share one scope basis carries
@@ -3349,8 +3341,8 @@
         <xs:annotation>
           <xs:documentation>
             The abstract role an utterance context would supply for a
-            context-dependent word used inside a definition (KEY rule
-            "context-placeholders"): ROLE is the placeholder role
+            context-dependent word used inside a definition (the KEY
+            comment context-placeholders rule): ROLE is the placeholder role
             (SPEAKER, AUDIENCE, DEMONSTRATED, ASSIGNED, or
             ELLIPTICAL-PREDICATE); PROXIMITY refines a demonstrated role;
             SLOT numbers an argument slot.  These are roles, not
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/completeness/disposition.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/completeness/disposition.rs
index 749d3e39f7..eee8801b28 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/completeness/disposition.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/completeness/disposition.rs
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ const NOT_COMPUTED_FACT: &str = "not-computed:denotation-multiplicity";
 /// object kinds carry it via `SemanticObjectCommon`; the rest are value structs).
 /// Derived from the model type graph and pinned by the `provenance_is_type_based`
 /// test, which fails if the set drifts from the `SemanticSource`-typed fields.
-/// `Connector.source` is deliberately absent — its type is `String` (a lexical
-/// word), so it renders.
+/// `Connector.source` is deliberately absent — its type is `ConnectorSource`
+/// (a lexical word or an implicit-juxtaposition marker), so it renders.
 const SOURCE_LINK_SURFACES: &[&str] = &[
     // object kinds (source via SemanticObjectCommon)
     "Utterance",
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/completeness/inventory.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/completeness/inventory.rs
index e0e91e16dc..17e12ffb8b 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/completeness/inventory.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/completeness/inventory.rs
@@ -1162,13 +1162,13 @@ pub fn render_field_inventory() -> RenderFieldInventory {
             "Predication",
             "tanruLink",
             EntryKind::Field,
-            Presence::Optional,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
             new!(Witness::Corpus {
                 doc: "b39",
                 path: "Predication:tanruLink",
                 expect: new!(WitnessExpect::Present)
             }),
-            None,
+            Some("PredicationRelation::Composition"),
         ),
         e(
             SurfaceCategory::Object,
@@ -2512,6 +2512,212 @@ pub fn render_field_inventory() -> RenderFieldInventory {
             new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
             None,
         ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::ValueStruct,
+            "ConnectorSource",
+            "kind",
+            EntryKind::Field,
+            Presence::Always,
+            new!(Witness::Corpus {
+                doc: "b21",
+                path: "Formula:connector.source.kind",
+                expect: new!(WitnessExpect::Present)
+            }),
+            None,
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::ValueStruct,
+            "ConnectorSource",
+            "word",
+            EntryKind::Field,
+            Presence::Optional,
+            new!(Witness::Corpus {
+                doc: "b21",
+                path: "Formula:connector.source.word",
+                expect: new!(WitnessExpect::Present)
+            }),
+            None,
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorSource",
+            "SurfaceWord",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("surfaceWord"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorSource",
+            "ImplicitJuxtaposition",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("implicitJuxtaposition"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Statement",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("statement"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Argument",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("argument"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Term",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("term"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "TermSet",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("termSet"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Tense",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("tense"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Tag",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("tag"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Operand",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("operand"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Clause",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("clause"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "PredicatePhrase",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("predicatePhrase"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Predicate",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("predicate"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "PredicateInversion",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("predicateInversion"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "PredicateUnit",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("predicateUnit"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "PropertyAbstraction",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("propertyAbstraction"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "PropertyInversion",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("propertyInversion"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Abstraction",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("abstraction"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "Description",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("description"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "MathOperator",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("mathOperator"),
+        ),
+        e(
+            SurfaceCategory::Enum,
+            "ConnectorLocus",
+            "BareRaisedParticipant",
+            EntryKind::Variant,
+            Presence::VariantConditional,
+            new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
+            Some("bareRaisedParticipant"),
+        ),
         e(
             SurfaceCategory::ValueStruct,
             "DeicticGround",
@@ -4878,24 +5084,24 @@ pub fn render_field_inventory() -> RenderFieldInventory {
         e(
             SurfaceCategory::Enum,
             "DisplayedContentTargetFocus",
-            "Bridi",
+            "Clause",
             EntryKind::Variant,
             Presence::VariantConditional,
             new!(Witness::Corpus {
                 doc: "paragraph-narrative",
                 path: "DisplayedContent:targetFocus",
-                expect: new!(WitnessExpect::Value("bridi"))
+                expect: new!(WitnessExpect::Value("clause"))
             }),
-            Some("bridi"),
+            Some("clause"),
         ),
         e(
             SurfaceCategory::Enum,
             "DisplayedContentTargetFocus",
-            "Selbri",
+            "Predicate",
             EntryKind::Variant,
             Presence::VariantConditional,
             new!(Witness::NoCorpusWitness),
-            Some("selbri"),
+            Some("predicate"),
         ),
         e(
             SurfaceCategory::Enum,
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/connectives.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/connectives.rs
index 0f885f5206..59564bca6b 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/connectives.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/connectives.rs
@@ -1755,7 +1755,7 @@ pub(super) fn generated_statement_connective_core_has_logical_component(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connection| !connection.operator.is_empty() && !connection.connector.source.is_empty()) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connection| !connection.operator.is_empty() && connection.connector.source.as_surface_word().is_some()) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn generated_i_statement_nonlogical_connection(
     connective: &IStatementConnectiveSyntax,
 ) -> Result<NonlogicalConnection, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1770,8 +1770,8 @@ pub(super) fn generated_i_statement_nonlogical_connection(
     Ok(NonlogicalConnection::new(
         operator,
         new!(Connector {
-            source,
-            locus: "statement".to_owned(),
+            source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(source),
+            locus: ConnectorLocus::Statement,
             truth_table,
             parameter: None,
         }),
@@ -1779,7 +1779,7 @@ pub(super) fn generated_i_statement_nonlogical_connection(
 }
 
 #[requires(!generated_statement_connective_is_logical(connective))]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connection| !connection.operator.is_empty() && !connection.connector.source.is_empty()) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connection| !connection.operator.is_empty() && connection.connector.source.as_surface_word().is_some()) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn generated_statement_core_nonlogical_connection(
     connective: &StatementConnectiveSyntax,
 ) -> Result<NonlogicalConnection, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1790,8 +1790,8 @@ pub(super) fn generated_statement_core_nonlogical_connection(
     Ok(NonlogicalConnection::new(
         operator,
         new!(Connector {
-            source,
-            locus: "statement".to_owned(),
+            source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(source),
+            locus: ConnectorLocus::Statement,
             truth_table: None,
             parameter: None,
         }),
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/formulas.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/formulas.rs
index 9f3ec3dff9..14d2f3bc02 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/formulas.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/formulas.rs
@@ -1105,8 +1105,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 },
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: "term".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Term,
                     truth_table: generated_direct_term_connective_truth_table(connective),
                     parameter,
                 })),
@@ -1364,11 +1364,13 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(
-                        &termset.gek,
-                        &termset.first_branch.gik,
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(
+                        generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(
+                            &termset.gek,
+                            &termset.first_branch.gik,
+                        ),
                     ),
-                    locus: "termset".to_owned(),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::TermSet,
                     truth_table: generated_modal_forethought_gik_connective_truth_table(
                         &termset.gek,
                         &termset.first_branch.gik,
@@ -1407,7 +1409,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     false,
                     false,
                     connector_source,
-                    "termset",
+                    ConnectorLocus::TermSet,
                     formula,
                     branch_formula,
                     source.clone(),
@@ -1548,8 +1550,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 },
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: format!("pe'e {connector_source}"),
-                    locus: "termset".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(format!("pe'e {connector_source}")),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::TermSet,
                     truth_table: generated_statement_connective_core_truth_table(
                         &continuation.connective,
                     ),
@@ -1642,8 +1644,10 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![leading_replaced, trailing_replaced],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: generated_modal_forethought_connective_source(&termset.gek),
-                    locus: "termset".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(
+                        generated_modal_forethought_connective_source(&termset.gek),
+                    ),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::TermSet,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -1830,14 +1834,16 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![leading_replaced, trailing_replaced],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: if generated_modal_forethought_connective_primary_cmavo(connective)
-                        == Some(Cmavo::Fahu)
-                    {
-                        generated_modal_forethought_connective_source(connective)
-                    } else {
-                        generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(connective, gik)
-                    },
-                    locus: "termset".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(
+                        if generated_modal_forethought_connective_primary_cmavo(connective)
+                            == Some(Cmavo::Fahu)
+                        {
+                            generated_modal_forethought_connective_source(connective)
+                        } else {
+                            generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(connective, gik)
+                        },
+                    ),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::TermSet,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -2872,7 +2878,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 source,
                 truth_table,
                 connector_question,
-                locus: "tense".to_owned(),
+                locus: ConnectorLocus::Tense,
                 connected_index,
                 branches: branches
                     .into_iter()
@@ -2896,7 +2902,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 source,
                 truth_table,
                 connector_question: None,
-                locus: "modal".to_owned(),
+                locus: ConnectorLocus::Tag,
                 connected_index,
                 branches: modal_terms
                     .into_iter()
@@ -3007,8 +3013,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 connection.operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connection.source.clone(),
-                    locus: connection.locus.clone(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connection.source.clone()),
+                    locus: connection.locus,
                     truth_table: connection.truth_table.clone(),
                     parameter: connector_parameter,
                 })),
@@ -3078,8 +3084,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 distributed_children.clone(),
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connection.source.clone(),
-                    locus: connection.locus.clone(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connection.source.clone()),
+                    locus: connection.locus,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -3562,8 +3568,10 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     operator,
                     children,
                     Some(new!(Connector {
-                        source: generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(&operand.gek, &operand.gik),
-                        locus: "operand".to_owned(),
+                        source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(
+                            generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(&operand.gek, &operand.gik),
+                        ),
+                        locus: ConnectorLocus::Operand,
                         truth_table: generated_modal_forethought_gik_connective_truth_table(
                             &operand.gek,
                             &operand.gik,
@@ -4060,7 +4068,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 &simple_tail.selbri,
                 visible_arguments,
                 formula_source,
-                "selbri",
+                ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                 eventuality,
             )?;
             self.set_semantic_object_source(result.head_predication, predication_source)?;
@@ -4242,7 +4250,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     &simple_tail.selbri,
                     visible_arguments,
                     self.source_for_node(source_node, "bridi-formula"),
-                    "selbri",
+                    ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                     eventuality,
                 )?;
                 self.attach_generated_modal_terms_to_formula(
@@ -4595,11 +4603,13 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(
-                        &connection.gek,
-                        &connection.first_branch.gik,
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(
+                        generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(
+                            &connection.gek,
+                            &connection.first_branch.gik,
+                        ),
                     ),
-                    locus: "bridi".to_owned(),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Clause,
                     truth_table: generated_modal_forethought_gik_connective_truth_table(
                         &connection.gek,
                         &connection.first_branch.gik,
@@ -4648,7 +4658,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     false,
                     false,
                     connector_source,
-                    "bridi",
+                    ConnectorLocus::Clause,
                     formula,
                     branch_formula,
                     None,
@@ -5501,8 +5511,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: "bridiTail".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::PredicatePhrase,
                     truth_table: connector_parameter
                         .is_none()
                         .then(|| generated_bridi_tail_connective_truth_table(connective))
@@ -6182,8 +6192,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source,
-                    locus: "tense".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(source),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Tense,
                     truth_table,
                     parameter: connector_parameter,
                 })),
@@ -6269,7 +6279,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 tagged.inner_selbri.as_ref(),
                 assignments.visible_arguments.clone(),
                 formula_source.clone(),
-                "tense",
+                ConnectorLocus::Tense,
                 Some(branch_eventuality),
             )?;
             self.attach_generated_modal_terms_to_formula(result.formula, &assignments.modal_terms)?;
@@ -6314,8 +6324,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source,
-                    locus: "tense".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(source),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Tense,
                     truth_table,
                     parameter: connector_parameter,
                 })),
@@ -6618,7 +6628,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                         connection,
                         visible_arguments,
                         source,
-                        "selbri",
+                        ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                         leading_eventuality,
                     )?;
                 self.attach_generated_modal_terms_to_formula(
@@ -6982,8 +6992,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![head.formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "selbri-inversion".to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::PredicateInversion,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -7086,8 +7096,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![head.formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "selbri-inversion".to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::PredicateInversion,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/mekso.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/mekso.rs
index 2bc6b988b3..91ae46019b 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/mekso.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/mekso.rs
@@ -922,7 +922,7 @@ pub(super) fn generated_number_descriptor_mekso_operand_surface_text(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator(
     expression: &MeksoSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_zantufa_infix(
     infix: &ZantufaInfixMeksoSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_zantufa_infix(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_infix(
     infix: &InfixMeksoSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_infix(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_precedence(
     expression: &MeksoPrecedenceSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_precedence(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_base(
     expression: &MeksoBaseSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_base(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_operand(
     operand: &MeksoOperandSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_operand(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_bound_or_simple_operand(
     operand: &BoundOrSimpleMeksoOperandSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_bound_or_simple_operan
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_bound_operand(
     operand: &BoundMeksoOperandSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1118,7 +1118,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_bound_operand(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_simple_operand(
     operand: &SimpleMeksoOperandSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1160,7 +1160,7 @@ pub(super) fn first_generated_connected_mekso_operator_in_simple_operand(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn connected_generated_mekso_operator(
     operator: &MeksoOperatorSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ pub(super) fn connected_generated_mekso_operator(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn connected_generated_afterthought_mekso_operator(
     operator: &AfterthoughtMeksoOperatorSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1194,7 +1194,7 @@ pub(super) fn connected_generated_afterthought_mekso_operator(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn connected_generated_bound_or_atom_mekso_operator(
     operator: &BoundOrAtomMeksoOperatorSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ pub(super) fn connected_generated_bound_or_atom_mekso_operator(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn connected_generated_bound_mekso_operator(
     operator: &BoundMeksoOperatorSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1225,7 +1225,7 @@ pub(super) fn connected_generated_bound_mekso_operator(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn connected_generated_simple_mekso_operator(
     operator: &SimpleMeksoOperatorSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1252,7 +1252,7 @@ pub(super) fn connected_generated_simple_mekso_operator(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn connected_generated_standard_mekso_operator(
     connective: &StandardStatementConnectiveSyntax,
     left_operator: MeksoOperatorSyntax,
@@ -1270,8 +1270,8 @@ pub(super) fn connected_generated_standard_mekso_operator(
         right_operator,
         operator: generated_statement_connective_formula_operator_for_core(&connective),
         connector: new!(Connector {
-            source,
-            locus: "mekso-operator".to_owned(),
+            source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(source),
+            locus: ConnectorLocus::MathOperator,
             truth_table: generated_statement_connective_core_truth_table(&connective),
             parameter: None,
         }),
@@ -1279,7 +1279,7 @@ pub(super) fn connected_generated_standard_mekso_operator(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == "mekso-operator")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|expansion| expansion.as_ref().is_none_or(|expansion| expansion.connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)) || ret.is_err())]
 pub(super) fn connected_generated_forethought_mekso_operator(
     operator: &ForethoughtMeksoOperatorSyntax,
 ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion>, SemanticsError> {
@@ -1288,8 +1288,11 @@ pub(super) fn connected_generated_forethought_mekso_operator(
         right_operator: operator.right_operator.as_ref().clone(),
         operator: generated_guhek_connective_formula_operator(&operator.guhek),
         connector: new!(Connector {
-            source: generated_guhek_gik_connective_source(&operator.guhek, &operator.gik),
-            locus: "mekso-operator".to_owned(),
+            source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(generated_guhek_gik_connective_source(
+                &operator.guhek,
+                &operator.gik,
+            )),
+            locus: ConnectorLocus::MathOperator,
             truth_table: generated_guhek_gik_connective_truth_table(&operator.guhek, &operator.gik),
             parameter: None,
         }),
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/mod.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/mod.rs
index 31f8b75c2e..986019847d 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/mod.rs
@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ use crate::model::{
     AbstractionKind, Actuality, ActualityKind, Adjunct, AdjunctData, AnchorMagnitude,
     AnchorRelation, AnchorRelationData, ArgumentValue, ArgumentValueData, ArgumentValueKind,
     Aspect, AssignedName, AssignedNameData, CommandTarget, Composition, CompositionOperator,
-    Connector, DeicticProximity, Descriptor, DescriptorDefiniteness, DescriptorKind,
+    Connector, ConnectorLocus, ConnectorSource, ConnectorSourceData, DeicticProximity, Descriptor,
+    DescriptorDefiniteness, DescriptorKind,
     DisplayedContentAssertionEffect, DisplayedContentFamily, DisplayedContentModifier,
     DisplayedContentNode, DisplayedContentPolarity, DisplayedContentTargetFocus,
     ElidedConnectionOperand, EventualityClass, EventualityNode, EventualityNodeData,
@@ -748,7 +749,6 @@ struct GeneratedConnectedModalTerm<'syntax> {
 }
 
 #[invariant(!source.is_empty())]
-#[invariant(!locus.is_empty())]
 #[invariant(branches.len() >= 2)]
 #[invariant((operator == &FormulaOperator::RespectivelyDistribution && truth_table.is_none() && connector_question.is_none()) || (operator != &FormulaOperator::RespectivelyDistribution && truth_table.is_some() != connector_question.is_some()))]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ struct GeneratedLogicalTagConnection<'syntax> {
     source: String,
     truth_table: Option<String>,
     connector_question: Option<Token>,
-    locus: String,
+    locus: ConnectorLocus,
     connected_index: usize,
     branches: Vec<GeneratedLogicalTagConnectionBranch<'syntax>>,
 }
@@ -1281,8 +1281,8 @@ struct GeneratedConnectedQuantifierQuantityScope {
     source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
 }
 
-#[invariant(connector.locus == "mekso-operator")]
-#[invariant(!connector.source.is_empty())]
+#[invariant(connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::MathOperator)]
+#[invariant(connector.source.as_surface_word().is_some())]
 #[invariant(connector.truth_table.as_ref().is_none_or(|table| table.len() == 4))]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 struct GeneratedConnectedMeksoOperatorExpansion {
@@ -1519,11 +1519,11 @@ enum GeneratedAnchorDomain {
 
 impl GeneratedPropertyTanruContext {
     #[requires(true)]
-    #[ensures(!ret.is_empty())]
-    fn connector_locus(self) -> &'static str {
+    #[ensures(matches!(ret, ConnectorLocus::Description | ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction))]
+    fn connector_locus(self) -> ConnectorLocus {
         match self {
-            Self::Description => "description",
-            Self::PropertyAbstraction => "property-abstraction",
+            Self::Description => ConnectorLocus::Description,
+            Self::PropertyAbstraction => ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
         }
     }
 
@@ -3618,7 +3618,7 @@ fn generated_distributed_sumti_connective_source(
 }
 
 #[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connector| connector.as_ref().is_none_or(|connector| !connector.source.is_empty() && connector.locus == "sumti")) || ret.is_err())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connector| connector.as_ref().is_none_or(|connector| connector.source.as_surface_word().is_some() && connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::Argument)) || ret.is_err())]
 fn generated_distributed_sumti_connector(
     connective: Option<GeneratedDistributedSumtiConnective<'_>>,
     parameter: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
@@ -3628,8 +3628,8 @@ fn generated_distributed_sumti_connector(
     };
     let source = generated_distributed_sumti_connective_source(connective)?;
     Ok(Some(new!(Connector {
-        source,
-        locus: "sumti".to_owned(),
+        source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(source),
+        locus: ConnectorLocus::Argument,
         truth_table: generated_distributed_sumti_connective_truth_table(connective),
         parameter,
     })))
@@ -10027,6 +10027,9 @@ mod tests {
                 data!(crate::model::PredicationRelation::Parameter { .. }) => {
                     panic!("quoted bridi relation is not a parameter")
                 }
+                data!(crate::model::PredicationRelation::Composition) => {
+                    panic!("quoted bridi relation is not a composition")
+                }
             })
             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
         assert_eq!(quoted_bridi_relations, ["cmavo:go'oĭ-\"broda\""]);
@@ -10448,7 +10451,7 @@ mod tests {
             outer
                 .connector
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|connector| connector.source.as_str()),
+                .and_then(|connector| connector.source.as_surface_word()),
             Some("e")
         );
         let data!(FormulaNode::Connective(inner)) = graph
@@ -10466,7 +10469,7 @@ mod tests {
             inner
                 .connector
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|connector| connector.source.as_str()),
+                .and_then(|connector| connector.source.as_surface_word()),
             Some("e")
         );
         assert_eq!(
@@ -10556,8 +10559,8 @@ mod tests {
             connection
                 .connector
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_str(), connector.locus.as_str())),
-            Some(("e", "sumti"))
+                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_surface_word(), connector.locus)),
+            Some((Some("e"), ConnectorLocus::Argument))
         );
         let viska = connection
             .children
@@ -10617,7 +10620,7 @@ mod tests {
             connection
                 .connector
                 .as_ref()
-                .is_some_and(|connector| connector.source == "ji" && connector.parameter.is_some())
+                .is_some_and(|connector| connector.source.as_surface_word() == Some("ji") && connector.parameter.is_some())
         );
         assert_eq!(
             graph
@@ -11356,6 +11359,7 @@ mod tests {
                             relation.starts_with("cmavo:nu-") && relation.contains("-gismu:")
                         }
                         data!(crate::model::PredicationRelation::Parameter { .. }) => false,
+                        data!(crate::model::PredicationRelation::Composition) => false,
                     }
                 })
             })
@@ -11931,8 +11935,8 @@ mod tests {
             outer
                 .connector
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_str(), connector.locus.as_str())),
-            Some(("ga gi", "bridi"))
+                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_surface_word(), connector.locus)),
+            Some((Some("ga gi"), ConnectorLocus::Clause))
         );
         assert_eq!(
             graph.objects[&outer.children[0]].formula_predication(),
@@ -11952,8 +11956,8 @@ mod tests {
             grouped_tail
                 .connector
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_str(), connector.locus.as_str())),
-            Some(("gi'e ba bo", "bridiTail"))
+                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_surface_word(), connector.locus)),
+            Some((Some("gi'e ba bo"), ConnectorLocus::PredicatePhrase))
         );
         assert_eq!(
             graph.objects[&grouped_tail.children[0]].formula_predication(),
@@ -11971,6 +11975,7 @@ mod tests {
                 .and_then(|predication| match predication.relation.as_data() {
                     data!(PredicationRelation::Named { relation }) => Some(relation.as_str()),
                     data!(PredicationRelation::Parameter { .. }) => None,
+                    data!(PredicationRelation::Composition) => None,
                 }),
             Some("after")
         );
@@ -13320,8 +13325,8 @@ mod tests {
             connection
                 .connector
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_str(), connector.locus.as_str())),
-            Some(("e", "term"))
+                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_surface_word(), connector.locus)),
+            Some((Some("e"), ConnectorLocus::Term))
         );
 
         let branches = connection
@@ -13387,8 +13392,8 @@ mod tests {
             connection
                 .connector
                 .as_ref()
-                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_str(), connector.locus.as_str())),
-            Some(("e ba bo", "sumti"))
+                .map(|connector| (connector.source.as_surface_word(), connector.locus)),
+            Some((Some("e ba bo"), ConnectorLocus::Argument))
         );
 
         let branch_events = connection.children[..2]
@@ -13527,7 +13532,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(graph.objects.values().any(|object| {
             object.formula_operator() == Some(FormulaOperator::And)
                 && object.as_formula().is_some_and(|formula| {
-                    matches!(formula.as_data(), data!(FormulaNode::Connective(formula)) if formula.connector.as_ref().is_some_and(|connector| connector.source == "e su'o roi bo" && connector.locus == "sumti"))
+                    matches!(formula.as_data(), data!(FormulaNode::Connective(formula)) if formula.connector.as_ref().is_some_and(|connector| connector.source.as_surface_word() == Some("e su'o roi bo") && connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::Argument))
                 })
         }));
     }
@@ -13568,8 +13573,8 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(connection.operator, FormulaOperator::ConnectiveQuestion);
         assert_eq!(connection.children.len(), 2);
         assert!(connection.connector.as_ref().is_some_and(|connector| {
-            connector.source == "ji"
-                && connector.locus == "term"
+            connector.source.as_surface_word() == Some("ji")
+                && connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::Term
                 && connector.truth_table.is_none()
                 && connector.parameter.is_some()
         }));
@@ -13615,8 +13620,9 @@ mod tests {
                 Some(data!(FormulaNode::Connective(connection)))
                     if connection.operator == FormulaOperator::Or
                         && connection.connector.as_ref().is_some_and(|connector| {
-                            connector.locus == "modal"
-                                && connector.source == "fi'o selsnu ja fi'o bangu"
+                            connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::Tag
+                                && connector.source.as_surface_word()
+                                    == Some("fi'o selsnu ja fi'o bangu")
                         })
             )
         }));
@@ -13672,8 +13678,8 @@ mod tests {
                     if connection.operator == FormulaOperator::And
                         && connection.children.len() == 2
                         && connection.connector.as_ref().is_some_and(|connector| {
-                            connector.locus == "tense"
-                                && connector.source == "pu je ba zu"
+                            connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::Tense
+                                && connector.source.as_surface_word() == Some("pu je ba zu")
                                 && connector.truth_table.as_deref() == Some("TFFF")
                         })
             )
@@ -13743,8 +13749,8 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(body.operator, FormulaOperator::And);
         assert_eq!(body.children, branch_stream.items);
         assert!(body.connector.as_ref().is_some_and(|connector| {
-            connector.locus == "tense"
-                && connector.source == "vi fa'u va"
+            connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::Tense
+                && connector.source.as_surface_word() == Some("vi fa'u va")
                 && connector.truth_table.is_none()
         }));
     }
@@ -13793,8 +13799,8 @@ mod tests {
                     if connection.operator == FormulaOperator::And
                         && connection.children.len() == 2
                         && connection.connector.as_ref().is_some_and(|connector| {
-                            connector.locus == "termset"
-                                && connector.source == "ge gi"
+                            connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::TermSet
+                                && connector.source.as_surface_word() == Some("ge gi")
                                 && connector.truth_table.as_deref() == Some("TFFF")
                         })
             )
@@ -13912,8 +13918,8 @@ mod tests {
             .as_ref()
             .expect("JOI should remain nonlogical rather than becoming formula conjunction");
         assert_eq!(connection.operator, CompositionOperator::Mass.label());
-        assert_eq!(connection.connector.source, "joi");
-        assert_eq!(connection.connector.locus, "statement");
+        assert_eq!(connection.connector.source.as_surface_word(), Some("joi"));
+        assert_eq!(connection.connector.locus, ConnectorLocus::Statement);
         assert_eq!(connection.connector.truth_table, None);
         assert_eq!(connection.connector.parameter, None);
         for item in &sequence.items {
@@ -13989,8 +13995,8 @@ mod tests {
             .connector
             .as_ref()
             .expect("connective question has connector metadata");
-        assert_eq!(connector.source, "ji");
-        assert_eq!(connector.locus, "property-abstraction");
+        assert_eq!(connector.source.as_surface_word(), Some("ji"));
+        assert_eq!(connector.locus, ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction);
         assert_eq!(connector.truth_table, None);
         let answer = connector
             .parameter
@@ -14019,6 +14025,7 @@ mod tests {
                 .filter_map(|predication| match predication.relation.as_data() {
                     data!(PredicationRelation::Named { relation }) => Some(relation.clone()),
                     data!(PredicationRelation::Parameter { .. }) => None,
+                    data!(PredicationRelation::Composition) => None,
                 })
                 .collect::<BTreeSet<_>>(),
             BTreeSet::from(["ganse".to_owned(), "zukte".to_owned()])
@@ -14047,7 +14054,7 @@ mod tests {
             .filter_map(|object| match object.as_formula()?.as_data() {
                 data!(FormulaNode::Connective(connection))
                     if connection.connector.as_ref().is_some_and(|connector| {
-                        connector.source == "gi'e" && connector.locus == "bridiTail"
+                        connector.source.as_surface_word() == Some("gi'e") && connector.locus == ConnectorLocus::PredicatePhrase
                     }) =>
                 {
                     Some((object, connection))
@@ -14084,6 +14091,7 @@ mod tests {
                 .filter_map(|predication| match predication.relation.as_data() {
                     data!(PredicationRelation::Named { relation }) => Some(relation.clone()),
                     data!(PredicationRelation::Parameter { .. }) => None,
+                    data!(PredicationRelation::Composition) => None,
                 })
                 .collect::<BTreeSet<_>>(),
             BTreeSet::from(["broda".to_owned(), "brode".to_owned()])
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/pro_bridi.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/pro_bridi.rs
index 0b0bb459d5..17f9e737f4 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/pro_bridi.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/pro_bridi.rs
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     &tanru.first_unit,
                     visible_arguments,
                     formula_source,
-                    "selbri",
+                    ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                     Some(eventuality),
                 )?
             } else {
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/statements.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/statements.rs
index 5d6254b581..127e754c1e 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/statements.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/statements.rs
@@ -1674,7 +1674,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             target,
             item,
             "indicator",
-            Some(DisplayedContentTargetFocus::Bridi),
+            Some(DisplayedContentTargetFocus::Clause),
             false,
         )
     }
@@ -1742,7 +1742,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             target,
             item,
             "indicator",
-            Some(DisplayedContentTargetFocus::Bridi),
+            Some(DisplayedContentTargetFocus::Clause),
             force_assertion_effect_none,
         )
     }
@@ -1865,7 +1865,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     _ => None,
                 })
                 .as_ref()
-                .is_some_and(|connector| connector.source == "tanru") =>
+                .is_some_and(|connector| connector.source.is_implicit_juxtaposition()) =>
             {
                 object
                     .formula_children()
@@ -2935,7 +2935,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 formula,
                 utterance_id,
                 "indicator",
-                Some(DisplayedContentTargetFocus::Selbri),
+                Some(DisplayedContentTargetFocus::Predicate),
                 false,
             )?;
         }
@@ -4896,7 +4896,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             generated_modal_forethought_connective_negates_left(connective),
             generated_gik_connective_negates_right(gik),
             generated_modal_forethought_pair_source(connective, gik),
-            "statement",
+            ConnectorLocus::Statement,
             left,
             right,
             source,
@@ -4924,7 +4924,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             false,
             false,
             connector_source,
-            "statement",
+            ConnectorLocus::Statement,
             left,
             right,
             source,
@@ -4941,7 +4941,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         left_negated: bool,
         right_negated: bool,
         connector_source: String,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
         left: SemanticObjectId,
         right: SemanticObjectId,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
@@ -4980,8 +4980,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 },
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: connector_locus.to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: connector_locus,
                     truth_table: generated_modal_forethought_connective_truth_table_with_negations(
                         connective,
                         left_negated,
@@ -5141,6 +5141,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 .and_then(|node| match node.relation.as_data() {
                     data!(PredicationRelation::Named { relation }) => Some(relation.as_str()),
                     data!(PredicationRelation::Parameter { .. }) => None,
+                    data!(PredicationRelation::Composition) => None,
                 })
                 .is_some_and(generated_relation_is_pro_bridi_label)
             && let Some(object) = self.objects.get_mut(&predication)
@@ -5250,8 +5251,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: "statement".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Statement,
                     truth_table,
                     parameter,
                 })),
@@ -5303,8 +5304,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 vec![child],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: "statement".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Statement,
                     truth_table,
                     parameter,
                 })),
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/sumti_connections.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/sumti_connections.rs
index 46836ba312..135b924cbd 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/sumti_connections.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/sumti_connections.rs
@@ -1173,8 +1173,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 generated_distributed_sumti_connective_formula_operator(connective),
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: "sumti".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Argument,
                     truth_table: generated_distributed_sumti_connective_truth_table(connective),
                     parameter: connector_parameter,
                 })),
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/sumti_referents.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/sumti_referents.rs
index 22f7a7e763..f29ffff873 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/sumti_referents.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/sumti_referents.rs
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             selbri,
             visible_arguments,
             source.clone(),
-            "modal-argument",
+            ConnectorLocus::Tag,
             None,
         )?;
         self.set_formula_predication_mode(lowered.formula, PredicationMode::Incidental);
@@ -2572,8 +2572,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![atom_formula, involvement],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "jai".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "bare-jai-raised-participant".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word("jai".to_owned()),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::BareRaisedParticipant,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -3394,6 +3394,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         let relation = match node.relation.as_data() {
             data!(PredicationRelation::Named { relation }) => relation.clone(),
             data!(PredicationRelation::Parameter { .. }) => return Ok(None),
+            data!(PredicationRelation::Composition) => return Ok(None),
         };
         let source_eventuality = node.eventuality;
         let mut arguments = node.arguments.clone();
@@ -6119,7 +6120,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         let quantity_connection = self
             .connected_quantifier_quantity_scope_for_generated_quantifier(
                 quantifier,
-                "mekso-operand",
+                ConnectorLocus::Operand,
             )?;
         let quantity = if let Some(connection) = quantity_connection {
             new!(GeneratedPreparedArgumentQuantity::Connected(connection))
@@ -8486,8 +8487,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 },
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: "abstraction".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Abstraction,
                     truth_table: Some(truth_table),
                     parameter: connector_parameter,
                 })),
@@ -8843,7 +8844,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 selbri,
                 visible_arguments,
                 self.source_for_node(selbri, "restrictive-selbri-formula"),
-                "description",
+                ConnectorLocus::Description,
                 None,
             )?;
             self.set_formula_predication_mode(result.formula, PredicationMode::Restrictive);
@@ -9142,12 +9143,12 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         }
     }
 
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
+    #[requires(true)]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connection| connection.as_ref().is_none_or(|connection| connection.left_quantity.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Quantity && connection.right_quantity.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Quantity)) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn connected_quantifier_quantity_scope_for_generated_quantifier(
         &mut self,
         quantifier: &'tree QuantifierSyntax,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
     ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedQuantifierQuantityScope>, SemanticsError> {
         let QuantifierSyntax::MeksoQuantifier(quantifier) = quantifier else {
             return Ok(None);
@@ -9155,12 +9156,12 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         self.connected_quantifier_quantity_scope_for_generated_mekso(&quantifier.mekso, locus)
     }
 
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
+    #[requires(true)]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connection| connection.as_ref().is_none_or(|connection| connection.left_quantity.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Quantity && connection.right_quantity.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Quantity)) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn connected_quantifier_quantity_scope_for_generated_mekso(
         &mut self,
         expression: &'tree MeksoSyntax,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
     ) -> Result<Option<GeneratedConnectedQuantifierQuantityScope>, SemanticsError> {
         if let Some(parenthesized) = generated_parenthesized_mekso_operand_from_mekso(expression) {
             return self.connected_quantifier_quantity_scope_for_generated_mekso(
@@ -9206,12 +9207,12 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
 
     #[requires(generated_modal_forethought_connective_is_logical(&operand.gek))]
     #[requires(!generated_modal_forethought_connective_is_interval(&operand.gek))]
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
+    #[requires(true)]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connection| connection.left_quantity.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Quantity && connection.right_quantity.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Quantity) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn build_generated_forethought_connected_quantifier_quantity_scope(
         &mut self,
         operand: &'tree ForethoughtMeksoOperandSyntax,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedConnectedQuantifierQuantityScope, SemanticsError> {
         let left_quantity = self.build_quantity_for_generated_mekso_operand(
@@ -9229,8 +9230,10 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             right_negated: generated_gik_connective_negates_right(&operand.gik),
             operator: generated_modal_forethought_connective_formula_operator(&operand.gek),
             connector: new!(Connector {
-                source: generated_modal_forethought_connective_source(&operand.gek),
-                locus: locus.to_owned(),
+                source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(
+                    generated_modal_forethought_connective_source(&operand.gek),
+                ),
+                locus: locus,
                 truth_table: generated_modal_forethought_gik_connective_truth_table(
                     &operand.gek,
                     &operand.gik,
@@ -9243,14 +9246,14 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
 
     #[requires(generated_operand_connective_is_logical(connective))]
     #[requires(!generated_operand_connective_is_interval(connective))]
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
+    #[requires(true)]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|connection| connection.left_quantity.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Quantity && connection.right_quantity.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Quantity) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn build_generated_afterthought_connected_quantifier_quantity_scope(
         &mut self,
         left_operand: &'tree BoundOrSimpleMeksoOperandSyntax,
         connective: &jbotci_syntax::generated_model::OperandConnectiveSyntax,
         right_operand: &'tree BoundOrSimpleMeksoOperandSyntax,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedConnectedQuantifierQuantityScope, SemanticsError> {
         let left_quantity = self.build_quantity_for_generated_bound_or_simple_mekso_operand(
@@ -9268,8 +9271,10 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             right_negated: generated_operand_connective_negates_right(connective),
             operator: generated_operand_connective_formula_operator(connective),
             connector: new!(Connector {
-                source: generated_operand_connective_source(connective),
-                locus: locus.to_owned(),
+                source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(generated_operand_connective_source(
+                    connective,
+                )),
+                locus: locus,
                 truth_table: generated_operand_connective_truth_table(connective),
                 parameter: None,
             }),
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/tanru_property.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/tanru_property.rs
index d40a87e2ac..700620b9c0 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/tanru_property.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/generated_builder/tanru_property.rs
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     .clone()
                     .flatten()
                     .or_else(|| formula_source.clone()),
-                "selbri",
+                ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                 leading_eventuality,
             )?;
             self.set_semantic_object_source(
@@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 &simple_tail.selbri,
                 visible_arguments,
                 formula_source,
-                "selbri",
+                ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                 Some(eventuality),
             )?;
             self.set_semantic_object_source(result.head_predication, predication_source)?;
@@ -1072,7 +1072,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     let quantity_connection = self
                         .connected_quantifier_quantity_scope_for_generated_quantifier(
                             quantifier,
-                            "mekso-operand",
+                            ConnectorLocus::Operand,
                         )?;
                     let quantity = if let Some(connection) = quantity_connection {
                         new!(GeneratedPreparedArgumentQuantity::Connected(connection))
@@ -1120,7 +1120,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                         let quantity_connection = self
                             .connected_quantifier_quantity_scope_for_generated_quantifier(
                                 quantifier,
-                                "mekso-operand",
+                                ConnectorLocus::Operand,
                             )?;
                         let quantity = if let Some(connection) = quantity_connection {
                             new!(GeneratedPreparedArgumentQuantity::Connected(connection))
@@ -1216,7 +1216,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             let quantity_connection = self
                 .connected_quantifier_quantity_scope_for_generated_quantifier(
                     quantifier,
-                    "mekso-operand",
+                    ConnectorLocus::Operand,
                 )?;
             let quantity = if let Some(connection) = quantity_connection {
                 new!(GeneratedPreparedArgumentQuantity::Connected(connection))
@@ -2221,8 +2221,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![head.formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "selbri".to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -2314,7 +2314,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             )?;
             formula = self.build_binary_formula_for_relation_afterthought_connective(
                 &continuation.connective,
-                "selbri",
+                ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                 formula,
                 trailing.formula,
                 source.clone(),
@@ -2362,7 +2362,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 &tanru.first_unit,
                 visible_arguments,
                 source,
-                "selbri",
+                ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                 head_eventuality,
             );
         }
@@ -2382,7 +2382,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         selbri: &'syntax SelbriSyntax,
         visible_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, ArgumentValue>,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
         leading_eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedTanruFormulaForArgument, SemanticsError> {
         match selbri {
@@ -2475,7 +2475,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         selbri: &'syntax UntaggedSelbriSyntax,
         visible_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, ArgumentValue>,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
         leading_eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedTanruFormulaForArgument, SemanticsError> {
         match selbri {
@@ -2528,7 +2528,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         connection: &'syntax ForethoughtSelbriConnectionSyntax,
         mut visible_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, ArgumentValue>,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
         leading_eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedTanruFormulaForArgument, SemanticsError> {
         if !visible_arguments.contains_key(&1) {
@@ -2597,7 +2597,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         unit: &'syntax ForethoughtSelbriGroupTanruUnitSyntax,
         mut visible_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, ArgumentValue>,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
         leading_eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedTanruFormulaForArgument, SemanticsError> {
         if !visible_arguments.contains_key(&1) {
@@ -2663,7 +2663,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         unit: &'syntax TanruUnitSyntax,
         visible_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, ArgumentValue>,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
         leading_eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedTanruFormulaForArgument, SemanticsError> {
         if !unit.0.links.is_empty() {
@@ -2716,7 +2716,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         unit: &'syntax BoundTanruUnitSyntax,
         mut visible_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, ArgumentValue>,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
         leading_eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedTanruFormulaForArgument, SemanticsError> {
         if let Some(connective) = &unit.bo_connective {
@@ -2805,8 +2805,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![head.formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: connector_locus.to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: connector_locus,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -2857,7 +2857,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 unit,
                 visible_arguments,
                 source,
-                "tanru-unit",
+                ConnectorLocus::PredicateUnit,
                 eventuality,
             )?;
             self.attach_generated_modal_terms_to_formula(result.formula, modal_terms)?;
@@ -2878,7 +2878,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     unit,
                     visible_arguments,
                     source,
-                    "tanru-unit",
+                    ConnectorLocus::PredicateUnit,
                     eventuality,
                 )?;
                 self.attach_generated_modal_terms_to_formula(result.formula, modal_terms)?;
@@ -2889,7 +2889,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     unit,
                     visible_arguments,
                     source,
-                    "tanru-unit",
+                    ConnectorLocus::PredicateUnit,
                     eventuality,
                 ),
             BoOrLinkedTanruUnitSyntax::AssignedProBridiTanruUnit(unit) => self
@@ -2910,7 +2910,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         unit: &'syntax TanruUnitSyntax,
         mut visible_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, ArgumentValue>,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
         leading_eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedTanruFormulaForArgument, SemanticsError> {
         if !visible_arguments.contains_key(&1) {
@@ -2962,7 +2962,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         visible_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, ArgumentValue>,
         eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        connector_locus: &str,
+        connector_locus: ConnectorLocus,
     ) -> Result<GeneratedTanruFormulaForArgument, SemanticsError> {
         match unit {
             BoOrLinkedTanruUnitSyntax::LinkedTanruUnit(unit) => self
@@ -3067,7 +3067,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                     base,
                     visible_arguments,
                     source.clone(),
-                    "selbri",
+                    ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                     eventuality,
                 )?;
                 for adjunct in &adjuncts {
@@ -4061,8 +4061,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![head_formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "property-inversion".to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::PropertyInversion,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -4123,8 +4123,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![head_formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "property-inversion".to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::PropertyInversion,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -4323,8 +4323,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![tertau_formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: context.connector_locus().to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: context.connector_locus(),
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -4408,7 +4408,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             unit,
             visible_arguments,
             source,
-            "property-abstraction",
+            ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
             leading_eventuality,
         )
         .map(|result| result.formula)
@@ -4439,7 +4439,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 )?;
             formula = self.build_binary_formula_for_relation_afterthought_connective(
                 &link.connective,
-                "selbri",
+                ConnectorLocus::Predicate,
                 formula,
                 trailing,
                 source.clone(),
@@ -4564,7 +4564,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 )?;
             return self.build_binary_formula_for_relation_afterthought_connective(
                 connective,
-                "property-abstraction",
+                ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
                 leading,
                 trailing,
                 source,
@@ -4621,8 +4621,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![head, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "property-abstraction".to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -4697,8 +4697,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![tertau_formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: context.connector_locus().to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: context.connector_locus(),
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -4758,7 +4758,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 unit,
                 parameter,
                 source,
-                "tanru-unit",
+                ConnectorLocus::PredicateUnit,
             );
         }
         if let Some(sumti_selbri) = sumti_selbri_from_generated_tanru_unit(unit)? {
@@ -4898,13 +4898,12 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             unit,
             parameter,
             source,
-            "property-abstraction",
+            ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
         )
     }
 
     #[requires(!unit.0.links.is_empty())]
     #[requires(parameter.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Parameter)]
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|id| id.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn build_connected_property_formula_for_tanru_unit_chain_with_locus<
         'syntax: 'tree,
@@ -4913,7 +4912,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         unit: &'syntax TanruUnitSyntax,
         parameter: SemanticObjectId,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
     ) -> Result<SemanticObjectId, SemanticsError> {
         let mut formula = self.build_property_formula_for_bo_or_linked_tanru_unit(
             &unit.0.first,
@@ -5100,7 +5099,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         let mut formula = self.build_binary_formula_for_generated_forethought_selbri_connective(
             &unit.guhek,
             &unit.first_branch.gik,
-            "property-abstraction",
+            ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
             leading,
             trailing,
             source.clone(),
@@ -5114,7 +5113,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             formula = self.build_binary_formula_for_generated_extra_forethought_selbri_connective(
                 &unit.guhek,
                 &branch.gik,
-                "property-abstraction",
+                ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
                 formula,
                 trailing,
                 source.clone(),
@@ -5163,7 +5162,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
             )?;
             return self.build_binary_formula_for_relation_afterthought_connective(
                 connective,
-                "property-abstraction",
+                ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
                 leading,
                 trailing,
                 source,
@@ -5192,8 +5191,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 FormulaOperator::And,
                 vec![tertau_formula, relation_formula],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "tanru".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "property-abstraction".to_owned(),
+                    source: new!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::PropertyAbstraction,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
@@ -7249,7 +7248,6 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         self.insert(
             predication,
             SemanticObject::tanru_link_predication(
-                "tanru".to_owned(),
                 None,
                 arguments,
                 TanruLink::new(
@@ -7272,12 +7270,11 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
 
     #[requires(left.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula)]
     #[requires(right.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula)]
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|id| id.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn build_binary_formula_for_relation_afterthought_connective<'syntax>(
         &mut self,
         connective: &'syntax RelationAfterthoughtConnectiveSyntax,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
         left: SemanticObjectId,
         right: SemanticObjectId,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
@@ -7314,8 +7311,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: locus.to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: locus,
                     truth_table: generated_relation_afterthought_connective_truth_table(connective),
                     parameter,
                 })),
@@ -7328,13 +7325,12 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
 
     #[requires(left.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula)]
     #[requires(right.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula)]
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|id| id.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn build_binary_formula_for_generated_forethought_selbri_connective<'syntax>(
         &mut self,
         guhek: &'syntax GuhekConnectiveSyntax,
         gik: &'syntax GikConnectiveSyntax,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
         left: SemanticObjectId,
         right: SemanticObjectId,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
@@ -7354,7 +7350,6 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
 
     #[requires(left.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula)]
     #[requires(right.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula)]
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|id| id.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn build_binary_formula_for_generated_extra_forethought_selbri_connective<
         'syntax,
@@ -7362,7 +7357,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         &mut self,
         guhek: &'syntax GuhekConnectiveSyntax,
         gik: &'syntax ZantufaExtraGikConnectiveSyntax,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
         left: SemanticObjectId,
         right: SemanticObjectId,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
@@ -7388,7 +7383,6 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
     #[requires(!connector_source.is_empty())]
     #[requires(left.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula)]
     #[requires(right.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula)]
-    #[requires(!locus.is_empty())]
     #[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_ok_and(|id| id.object_kind() == crate::model::SemanticObjectKind::Formula) || ret.is_err())]
     pub(super) fn build_formula_for_generated_forethought_selbri_connective_core<'syntax>(
         &mut self,
@@ -7397,7 +7391,7 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
         right_negated: bool,
         connector_source: String,
         truth_table: Option<String>,
-        locus: &str,
+        locus: ConnectorLocus,
         left: SemanticObjectId,
         right: SemanticObjectId,
         source: Option<crate::model::SemanticSource>,
@@ -7428,8 +7422,8 @@ impl<'a, 'dict, 'tree> GeneratedGraphBuilder<'a, 'dict, 'tree> {
                 operator,
                 children,
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: connector_source,
-                    locus: locus.to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word(connector_source),
+                    locus: locus,
                     truth_table,
                     parameter: None,
                 })),
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/model.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/model.rs
index c1c88ed2ec..b3d48d847b 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/model.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/model.rs
@@ -3257,14 +3257,97 @@ impl QuantifierBinding {
     }
 }
 
-#[invariant(!source.is_empty())]
-#[invariant(!locus.is_empty())]
+/// Surface provenance of a connective: either the word that actually appears in
+/// the text, or an implicit juxtaposition connective synthesized for a tanru
+/// (predicate juxtaposition) run, which has no surface word at all. This replaces
+/// the former magic-string sentinel that spelled implicit connectives as `"tanru"`.
+#[invariant(::SurfaceWord { word } => !word.is_empty(), "a surface-word connector source names the word appearing in the text")]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase", tag = "kind")]
+pub enum ConnectorSource {
+    SurfaceWord { word: String },
+    ImplicitJuxtaposition,
+}
+
+impl ConnectorSource {
+    #[requires(!word.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(ret.as_surface_word() == Some(old(word.clone()).as_str()))]
+    pub fn surface_word(word: String) -> Self {
+        Self::from_data(data!(ConnectorSource::SurfaceWord { word }))
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(ret.is_some() == matches!(self.as_data(), data!(ConnectorSource::SurfaceWord { .. })))]
+    pub fn as_surface_word(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        match self.as_data() {
+            data!(ConnectorSource::SurfaceWord { word }) => Some(word.as_str()),
+            data!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition) => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(ret == matches!(self.as_data(), data!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition)))]
+    pub fn is_implicit_juxtaposition(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(
+            self.as_data(),
+            data!(ConnectorSource::ImplicitJuxtaposition)
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+/// The grammatical position at which a connective joins its operands. Variants
+/// are named in English; Lojban grammar terms (selbri, bridi, sumti, ...) are
+/// parser vocabulary and must not leak into the model-facing notation.
+#[invariant(true)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum ConnectorLocus {
+    /// Sentence-level connection (`.i` / statement connectives).
+    Statement,
+    /// Connection between arguments (sumti position).
+    Argument,
+    /// Connection between terms of a bridi.
+    Term,
+    /// Connection between termsets.
+    TermSet,
+    /// Connection between tenses.
+    Tense,
+    /// Connection between modal tags (BAI/FIhO constructs).
+    Tag,
+    /// Connection between mekso operands.
+    Operand,
+    /// Forethought connection of full clauses (gek position).
+    Clause,
+    /// Connection of bridi-tails: the predicate expression together with its
+    /// trailing arguments (gihek position).
+    PredicatePhrase,
+    /// Connection of predicate expressions (selbri position), e.g. the implicit
+    /// connective of a tanru run in the main selbri.
+    Predicate,
+    /// The implicit connective of a `co`-inverted tanru in the main selbri.
+    PredicateInversion,
+    /// A `bo`-bound predicate unit nested as head inside a larger tanru chain.
+    PredicateUnit,
+    /// A tanru run inside a property abstraction (ka body).
+    PropertyAbstraction,
+    /// A `co`-inverted tanru inside a property abstraction.
+    PropertyInversion,
+    /// Connection inside an abstraction.
+    Abstraction,
+    /// A tanru run in a description (restrictive) body.
+    Description,
+    /// Connection between mekso operators.
+    MathOperator,
+    /// A bare (untagged) `jai` raising of a participant into argument position.
+    BareRaisedParticipant,
+}
+
 #[invariant(parameter.is_none_or(|parameter| parameter.object_kind() == SemanticObjectKind::Parameter))]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct Connector {
-    pub source: String,
-    pub locus: String,
+    pub source: ConnectorSource,
+    pub locus: ConnectorLocus,
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub truth_table: Option<String>,
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
@@ -3499,8 +3582,12 @@ pub enum DisplayedContentPolarity {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum DisplayedContentTargetFocus {
-    Bridi,
-    Selbri,
+    /// The displayed content targets the containing clause as a whole
+    /// (a Lojban bridi).
+    Clause,
+    /// The displayed content targets the predicate-expression locus of the
+    /// containing clause (a Lojban selbri).
+    Predicate,
 }
 
 #[invariant(!relation.is_empty(), "displayed-content modifier relation must be named")]
@@ -4993,8 +5080,8 @@ mod tests {
                 FormulaOperator::ConnectiveQuestion,
                 vec![child],
                 Some(new!(Connector {
-                    source: "je'i".to_owned(),
-                    locus: "tense".to_owned(),
+                    source: ConnectorSource::surface_word("je'i".to_owned()),
+                    locus: ConnectorLocus::Tense,
                     truth_table: None,
                     parameter: Some(parameter),
                 })),
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/model/semantic_object.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/model/semantic_object.rs
index a2816bebe9..fdb7992517 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/model/semantic_object.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/model/semantic_object.rs
@@ -186,12 +186,18 @@ pub struct ParameterNode {
 pub enum PredicationRelation {
     Named { relation: String },
     Parameter { parameter: SemanticObjectId },
+    /// The relation is a predicate composition (a tanru link): the real content
+    /// lives in the predication's `tanru_link` sidecar, so there is no relation
+    /// name or parameter to state. Constructing such a predication with a fake
+    /// relation name (the former `"tanru"` sentinel) is not representable.
+    Composition,
 }
 
 #[invariant(eventuality.is_none_or(eventuality_is_referent))]
 #[invariant(arguments.keys().all(|place| place.get() > 0))]
 #[invariant(relation_metadata.is_none_or(|metadata| metadata.object_kind() == SemanticObjectKind::RelationMetadata))]
 #[invariant(introduced_by.as_ref().is_none_or(|introduced_by| !introduced_by.is_empty()))]
+#[invariant(tanru_link.is_some() == matches!(relation.as_data(), data!(PredicationRelation::Composition)), "a tanru-link sidecar is present exactly when the relation is a composition")]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub struct PredicationNode {
     pub relation: PredicationRelation,
@@ -1333,10 +1339,9 @@ impl SemanticObject {
         })))
     }
 
-    #[requires(!relation.is_empty())]
+    #[requires(true)]
     #[ensures(ret.object_kind() == SemanticObjectKind::Predication)]
     pub fn tanru_link_predication(
-        relation: String,
         eventuality: Option<SemanticObjectId>,
         arguments: BTreeMap<PlaceIndex, ArgumentValue>,
         tanru_link: TanruLink,
@@ -1344,15 +1349,22 @@ impl SemanticObject {
         source: Option<SemanticSource>,
         diagnostics: Vec<SemanticDiagnostic>,
     ) -> Self {
-        let predication =
-            match Self::predication(relation, eventuality, arguments, mode, source, diagnostics)
-                .into_data()
-            {
-                data!(SemanticObject::Predication(predication)) => predication,
-                _ => unreachable!("predication constructor returns a predication"),
-            };
-        new!(SemanticObject::Predication(predication.with_data(data! {
+        // The `tanru_link` sidecar and the `Composition` relation must appear
+        // together (the `PredicationNode` invariant ties them), so the node is
+        // built in a single step rather than via `predication_with_relation`.
+        new!(SemanticObject::Predication(new!(PredicationNode {
+            relation: new!(PredicationRelation::Composition),
+            eventuality,
             tanru_link: Some(tanru_link),
+            arguments,
+            place_questions: Vec::new(),
+            adjuncts: Vec::new(),
+            reciprocity: Vec::new(),
+            mode,
+            scalar_negation: None,
+            relation_metadata: None,
+            introduced_by: None,
+            common: SemanticObjectCommon::new(source, diagnostics),
         })))
     }
 
@@ -2820,6 +2832,9 @@ fn serialize_predication<M: SerializeMap>(
         data!(PredicationRelation::Parameter { parameter }) => {
             map.serialize_entry("relationParameter", parameter)?
         }
+        // A composition relation has no name or parameter to state: the
+        // `tanruLink` entry below carries the real content.
+        data!(PredicationRelation::Composition) => {}
     }
     optional_entry!(map, "tanruLink", node.tanru_link.as_ref());
     nonempty_entry!(map, "arguments", &node.arguments);
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/mod.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/mod.rs
index 4f8ea62138..779cc9b5d0 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/mod.rs
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 
 pub mod coverage;
 mod render;
+pub(crate) mod relation_expression;
 pub mod word_cards;
 mod writer;
 mod xml;
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ use bityzba::{ensures, invariant, requires};
 pub use render::SmusniConfig;
 pub use xml::{
     XML_DECLARED_WAIVERS, XmlOmission, XmlRender, XmlSurface, XmlWaiverFamily, render_xml,
-    render_xml_with_word_cards,
+    render_xml_value_for_tooling, render_xml_with_word_cards,
 };
 
 use crate::model::SemanticGraph;
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/relation_expression.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/relation_expression.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c92c27dbe5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/relation_expression.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,2465 @@
+//! Recognition and projection of tanru (predicate-juxtaposition) graph patterns
+//! into typed relation expressions for SFN-XML rendering (jbotci#719).
+//!
+//! The semantic graph lowers a tanru to a formula-level `and` whose children are
+//! the head formula and a link predication carrying a `tanruLink` sidecar. The
+//! canonical SFN-XML notation renders that pattern as one PREDICATION whose
+//! relation slot holds a KIND-COMPOSITION relation expression; the head/link
+//! decomposition is the notation's elaboration of that compact form, not
+//! something a model-facing document should spell out per instance.
+//!
+//! This module is the recognition boundary. It walks the canonical graph JSON,
+//! proves the canonical tanru pattern for each candidate (strict structural
+//! guards — anything shared, decorated, questioned, or otherwise non-flat
+//! rejects the compact form), rewrites the objects map (the AND formula becomes
+//! the head predication's atom; the head predication gains a typed
+//! `relationExpression` view; consumed scaffolding objects are removed), and
+//! reports every consumed object so the XML renderer's omission accounting can
+//! classify the removed surfaces (projected structure vs waived provenance).
+//! Graphs that fail the guards keep the loud head-and-link form.
+
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, HashSet};
+
+#[allow(unused_imports)]
+use bityzba::{data, ensures, invariant, new, requires};
+use serde::Serialize;
+use serde_json::{Map, Value};
+
+/// Grouping basis stated on a KIND-COMPOSITION node. Silence means
+/// ASSUMED-LEFT (the deterministic grammar default); only edges whose grouping
+/// the text itself determines (a bo/ke boundary, visible in the graph as
+/// head-side nesting of the composed AND) are marked.
+#[invariant(true)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub(crate) enum CompositionGrouping {
+    Explicit,
+}
+
+/// One operand of a relation composition: the typed view attached to a
+/// projected predication as its `relationExpression` field.
+#[invariant(::Host { participant_place } => *participant_place > 0)]
+#[invariant(::Lexical { predicate, participant_place, fixed_arguments, unfilled_places, .. } =>
+    !predicate.is_empty()
+        && *participant_place > 0
+        && !fixed_arguments.contains_key(participant_place)
+        && !unfilled_places.contains(participant_place)
+        && fixed_arguments.keys().all(|place| *place > 0)
+        && unfilled_places.iter().all(|place| *place > 0))]
+#[invariant(::Composition { kind, .. } =>
+    !matches!(kind.as_data(), data!(RelationOperand::Connective { .. }) | data!(RelationOperand::Reference { .. })),
+    "the kind side of a composition is a head, leaf, or nested composition, never a connective or reference")]
+#[invariant(::Connective { operator, operands } =>
+    !operator.is_empty()
+        && operands.len() >= 2
+        && operands.iter().all(|operand| matches!(operand.as_data(), data!(RelationOperand::Lexical { .. }))),
+    "a relation connective conjoins at least two compact lexical leaves")]
+#[invariant(::Reference { relation } => !relation.is_empty())]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "camelCase", rename_all_fields = "camelCase")]
+pub(crate) enum RelationOperand {
+    /// The enclosing predication's own predicate; the predicate name is read
+    /// from the predication's `relation` field rather than duplicated here.
+    Host { participant_place: usize },
+    /// A compact lexical relation leaf: one lexical predicate, a flat place
+    /// map, and (when present) a fresh locally bound eventuality.
+    Lexical {
+        predicate: String,
+        participant_place: usize,
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "BTreeMap::is_empty")]
+        fixed_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+        unfilled_places: Vec<usize>,
+        has_event: bool,
+    },
+    /// A nested composition (a tanru inside a tanru): the KIND-COMPOSITION
+    /// node of the typed relation-expression view.
+    #[serde(rename = "kindComposition")]
+    Composition {
+        #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        grouping: Option<CompositionGrouping>,
+        kind: Box<RelationOperand>,
+        modifier: Box<RelationOperand>,
+    },
+    /// A logical connective over co-modifiers of the same head participant
+    /// (a je-connected seltau lowered inside the property body).
+    Connective {
+        operator: String,
+        operands: Vec<RelationOperand>,
+    },
+    /// A composite modifier that stays in the graph and renders through the
+    /// existing RELATION-lambda / abstraction idioms (NU abstractions,
+    /// be-linked arguments with non-default structure, joi composites, shared
+    /// or decorated eventualities — anything the compact guards reject).
+    Reference { relation: String },
+}
+
+/// One recognized and projected tanru instance. Its fields are the elaboration
+/// contract of the acceptance test (re-expansion), which is `cfg(test)` — in
+/// production builds they are unread, hence the targeted allow.
+#[invariant(!anchor.is_empty() && !head_predication.is_empty())]
+#[invariant(!consumed.contains(anchor) && !consumed.contains(head_predication), "the anchor and head predication survive projection")]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub(crate) struct ProjectedInstance {
+    /// The formula id whose AND was rewritten into the head atom (it survives).
+    pub(crate) anchor: String,
+    /// The surviving head predication carrying the `relationExpression` view.
+    pub(crate) head_predication: String,
+    /// Every consumed (removed) object id, including nested instances' ids but
+    /// excluding the anchor itself.
+    pub(crate) consumed: BTreeSet<String>,
+    /// The typed relation-expression view attached to the head predication.
+    pub(crate) composition: RelationOperand,
+}
+
+/// The result of projecting every proven tanru pattern in a graph.
+#[invariant(consumed_objects.keys().all(|key| !rewritten_anchors.contains_key(key)), "consumed objects and rewritten anchors are disjoint")]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct TanruProjection {
+    /// Per-instance projection data (the acceptance test re-expands these).
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub(crate) instances: Vec<ProjectedInstance>,
+    /// The original JSON of every consumed object, for omission accounting.
+    pub(crate) consumed_objects: Map<String, Value>,
+    /// The original JSON of every anchor formula rewritten to the head atom
+    /// (the anchor survives, but its `children`/`connector` fields do not —
+    /// omission accounting must classify those surfaces too).
+    pub(crate) rewritten_anchors: Map<String, Value>,
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn object_of(value: &Value) -> Option<&Map<String, Value>> {
+    value.as_object()
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn string_of(value: &Value) -> Option<&str> {
+    value.as_str()
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn field<'a>(object: &'a Map<String, Value>, name: &str) -> Option<&'a Value> {
+    object.get(name)
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn string_field_of<'a>(object: &'a Map<String, Value>, name: &str) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    object.get(name).and_then(Value::as_str)
+}
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn is_object_type(object: &Map<String, Value>, expected: &str) -> bool {
+    string_field_of(object, "type") == Some(expected)
+}
+
+/// The bound-eventuality id list of a formula object (empty when absent).
+#[requires(is_object_type(object, "formula"))]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn bound_eventualities(object: &Map<String, Value>) -> Vec<&str> {
+    object
+        .get("boundEventualities")
+        .and_then(Value::as_array)
+        .map(|bound| bound.iter().filter_map(Value::as_str).collect())
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+}
+
+/// The place number of an argument key (`x2` → 2); zero marks a malformed key.
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn argument_place(key: &str) -> usize {
+    key.strip_prefix('x')
+        .and_then(|digits| digits.parse::<usize>().ok())
+        .unwrap_or(0)
+}
+
+/// Whether a connector record is the implicit tanru-juxtaposition connective.
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn is_implicit_connector(object: &Map<String, Value>) -> bool {
+    object
+        .get("connector")
+        .and_then(Value::as_object)
+        .and_then(|connector| connector.get("source"))
+        .and_then(Value::as_object)
+        .and_then(|source| string_field_of(source, "kind"))
+        == Some("implicitJuxtaposition")
+}
+
+/// The truth table a binary logical operator already determines (row order TT,
+/// TF, FT, FF), mirroring the XML renderer's `canonical_truth_table`.
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(ret.is_none_or(|table| table.len() == 4))]
+fn canonical_truth_table(operator: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    match operator {
+        "and" => Some("TFFF"),
+        "or" => Some("TTTF"),
+        "iff" => Some("TFFT"),
+        "whetherOrNot" => Some("TTFF"),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+/// The formula ids reachable from a tanru AND through tanru-internal nesting:
+/// the modifier-property region (link predication → tanruLink.modifier →
+/// property body → recurse) plus head-side nested implicit ANDs (the bo/ke
+/// right-grouping case). Used to order candidates outermost-first: a nested
+/// candidate must be consumed by its parent's projection, never projected
+/// standalone ahead of it.
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn tanru_region_walk(objects: &Map<String, Value>, anchor: &str) -> BTreeSet<String> {
+    let mut reached = BTreeSet::new();
+    let mut frontier = vec![anchor.to_owned()];
+    while let Some(formula_id) = frontier.pop() {
+        let Some(formula) = objects.get(&formula_id).and_then(Value::as_object) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some(children) = formula.get("children").and_then(Value::as_array) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        // Head-side nested implicit AND (bo/ke right-grouping).
+        if let Some(head_id) = children.first().and_then(Value::as_str) {
+            let is_nested_and = objects
+                .get(head_id)
+                .and_then(Value::as_object)
+                .is_some_and(|head| {
+                    string_field_of(head, "operator") == Some("and") && is_implicit_connector(head)
+                });
+            if is_nested_and && reached.insert(head_id.to_owned()) {
+                frontier.push(head_id.to_owned());
+            }
+        }
+        // Modifier-property nesting.
+        let Some(link_atom) = children.get(1).and_then(Value::as_str) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some(link_formula) = objects.get(link_atom).and_then(Value::as_object) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some(link_predication_id) = string_field_of(link_formula, "predication") else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some(link) = objects
+            .get(link_predication_id)
+            .and_then(Value::as_object)
+        else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some(modifier) = link
+            .get("tanruLink")
+            .and_then(Value::as_object)
+            .and_then(|tanru_link| string_field_of(tanru_link, "modifier"))
+        else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some(relation) = objects.get(modifier).and_then(Value::as_object) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let Some(body) = string_field_of(relation, "body") else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        if reached.insert(body.to_owned()) {
+            frontier.push(body.to_owned());
+        }
+    }
+    reached
+}
+
+/// One recognized tanru AND formula before the edits are applied.
+#[invariant(!anchor.is_empty() && !head_predication.is_empty() && !participant.is_empty())]
+#[invariant(!consumed.contains(anchor), "the anchor formula is rewritten, not consumed")]
+#[invariant(consumed.contains(head_predication) == matches!(composition.as_data(), data!(RelationOperand::Composition { kind, .. }) if matches!(kind.as_data(), data!(RelationOperand::Lexical { .. }))), "the head predication is consumed exactly when it projects as a lexical leaf (nested in a property body); host and nested-composition heads survive")]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct TanruMatch {
+    anchor: String,
+    head_predication: String,
+    /// The link predication's x1 (the composition participant).
+    participant: String,
+    /// Bound eventualities the rewritten anchor formula must carry (the AND's
+    /// own bindings plus, for a plain head, the head atom's).
+    rewritten_bound: Vec<String>,
+    composition: RelationOperand,
+    /// Consumed object ids, excluding the anchor.
+    consumed: BTreeSet<String>,
+}
+
+/// Whether a relation is a lexical Lojban predicate: morphologically a single
+/// brivla (gismu, lujvo, or fu'ivla, zei compounds included) per the
+/// morphology parser — the typed provenance for the compact lexical form, as
+/// opposed to synthesized structural relation names.
+#[requires(!relation.is_empty())]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn relation_is_lexical_brivla(relation: &str) -> bool {
+    let Ok(words) = jbotci_morphology::segment_words_with_modifiers(relation) else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    let [word] = words.as_slice() else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    word.is_brivla()
+}
+
+/// Fields a predication inside a projected modifier/head must not carry: any of
+/// them makes the relation expression non-flat.
+const NON_FLAT_PREDICATION_FIELDS: &[&str] = &[
+    "placeQuestions",
+    "adjuncts",
+    "reciprocity",
+    "scalarNegation",
+    "relationMetadata",
+    "introducedBy",
+];
+
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn has_non_flat_fields(predication: &Map<String, Value>) -> bool {
+    NON_FLAT_PREDICATION_FIELDS
+        .iter()
+        .any(|field| predication.contains_key(*field))
+}
+
+/// The recognized shape of a lexical relation leaf (a bare-brivla modifier or a
+/// nested composition's head): one named predicate over its property parameter
+/// with a flat place map and at most a fresh locally bound eventuality.
+#[requires(is_object_type(predication, "predication"))]
+#[requires(string_field_of(predication, "relation").is_some())]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_none_or(|(_, _, consumed)| consumed.contains(predication_id)))]
+fn recognize_lexical_leaf(
+    objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+    predication_id: &str,
+    predication: &Map<String, Value>,
+    parameter: &str,
+    locally_bound: &HashSet<String>,
+) -> Option<(RelationOperand, Vec<String>, BTreeSet<String>)> {
+    if has_non_flat_fields(predication) || predication.contains_key("tanruLink") {
+        return None;
+    }
+    if string_field_of(predication, "mode") != Some("restrictive") {
+        return None;
+    }
+    // A lexical predicate is morphologically a brivla (gismu, lujvo, or
+    // fu'ivla — including zei compounds); anything else (synthesized
+    // structural relations such as eventOf/memberOf, abstraction links, tense
+    // relations) belongs to the composite abstraction idioms, not the compact
+    // form. Classification goes through the morphology parser, never string
+    // shape (AGENTS.md).
+    let predicate = string_field_of(predication, "relation")?;
+    if !relation_is_lexical_brivla(predicate) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let arguments = field(predication, "arguments")?.as_object()?;
+    let mut participant_place = None;
+    let mut fixed_arguments = BTreeMap::new();
+    let mut unfilled_places = Vec::new();
+    let mut consumed: BTreeSet<String> = [predication_id.to_owned()].into_iter().collect();
+    for (key, argument) in arguments {
+        let place = argument_place(key);
+        let argument = argument.as_object()?;
+        match string_field_of(argument, "kind")? {
+            "filled" => {
+                let value = string_field_of(argument, "value")?;
+                if value == parameter {
+                    if participant_place.is_some() || place == 0 {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                    participant_place = Some(place);
+                } else {
+                    if place == 0 || argument.contains_key("introducedBy") {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                    fixed_arguments.insert(place, value.to_owned());
+                }
+            }
+            "elided" => {
+                if place == 0 || string_field_of(argument, "introducedBy") != Some("zo'e") {
+                    return None;
+                }
+                let value = string_field_of(argument, "value")?;
+                let referent = object_of(objects.get(value)?)?;
+                if !is_object_type(referent, "referent")
+                    || string_field_of(referent, "category") != Some("constant")
+                    || string_field_of(referent, "sort") != Some("entity")
+                {
+                    return None;
+                }
+                let descriptor = field(referent, "descriptor")?.as_object()?;
+                if string_field_of(descriptor, "kind") != Some("elided")
+                    || string_field_of(descriptor, "word") != Some("zo'e")
+                {
+                    return None;
+                }
+                for field_name in referent.keys() {
+                    if !matches!(
+                        field_name.as_str(),
+                        "type" | "category" | "scopeDependence" | "sort" | "descriptor" | "source"
+                    ) {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                }
+                unfilled_places.push(place);
+                consumed.insert(value.to_owned());
+            }
+            _ => return None,
+        }
+    }
+    let participant_place = participant_place?;
+    unfilled_places.sort_unstable();
+    let event = string_field_of(predication, "eventuality");
+    if let Some(event) = event {
+        if !locally_bound.contains(event) {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let referent = object_of(objects.get(event)?)?;
+        if !is_object_type(referent, "referent")
+            || string_field_of(referent, "denotation") != Some("generated-bound")
+            || string_field_of(referent, "sort") != Some("eventuality")
+        {
+            return None;
+        }
+        // A decorated (tense/aspect/anything-else) modifier event is not the
+        // derivable fresh-local eventuality of the compact form.
+        for field_name in referent.keys() {
+            if !matches!(
+                field_name.as_str(),
+                "type" | "denotation" | "sort" | "scopeDependence" | "source"
+            ) {
+                return None;
+            }
+        }
+        consumed.insert(event.to_owned());
+    }
+    Some((
+        new!(RelationOperand::Lexical {
+            predicate: string_field_of(predication, "relation")?.to_owned(),
+            participant_place,
+            fixed_arguments,
+            unfilled_places,
+            has_event: event.is_some(),
+        }),
+        event.into_iter().map(str::to_owned).collect(),
+        consumed,
+    ))
+}
+
+/// Project one modifier property body formula into a relation operand. `parameter`
+/// is the enclosing property's slot; every leaf's participant must fill it.
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_none_or(|(_, consumed)| consumed.contains(body_id)))]
+fn project_modifier_body(
+    objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+    body_id: &str,
+    parameter: &str,
+) -> Option<(RelationOperand, BTreeSet<String>)> {
+    let body = object_of(objects.get(body_id)?)?;
+    let operator = string_field_of(body, "operator")?;
+    let mut consumed: BTreeSet<String> = [body_id.to_owned()].into_iter().collect();
+    if operator == "atom" {
+        let predication_id = string_field_of(body, "predication")?;
+        let predication = object_of(objects.get(predication_id)?)?;
+        if !is_object_type(predication, "predication") {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let locally_bound: HashSet<String> = bound_eventualities(body)
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(str::to_owned)
+            .collect();
+        let (operand, events, leaf_consumed) =
+            recognize_lexical_leaf(objects, predication_id, predication, parameter, &locally_bound)?;
+        // Every eventuality this atom binds must be the leaf's own event.
+        if locally_bound.len() != events.len() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        consumed.extend(leaf_consumed);
+        return Some((operand, consumed));
+    }
+    if operator == "and" && is_implicit_connector(body) {
+        // A nested tanru inside the property body: default left grouping, so
+        // the nested composition carries no grouping mark.
+        let nested = recognize_tanru_and(objects, body_id, Some(parameter))?;
+        let nested_data = nested.into_data();
+        consumed.extend(nested_data.consumed);
+        consumed.insert(nested_data.anchor.clone());
+        return Some((nested_data.composition, consumed));
+    }
+    // A je-style connected modifier: a formula connective over co-modifier
+    // leaves sharing the same property parameter.
+    let connector = field(body, "connector")?.as_object()?;
+    let source = field(connector, "source")?.as_object()?;
+    if string_field_of(source, "kind") != Some("surfaceWord") || !bound_eventualities(body).is_empty()
+    {
+        return None;
+    }
+    if let Some(table) = string_field_of(connector, "truthTable") {
+        if canonical_truth_table(operator) != Some(table) {
+            return None;
+        }
+    }
+    if connector.contains_key("parameter") {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let children = field(body, "children")?.as_array()?;
+    if children.len() < 2 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mut operands = Vec::with_capacity(children.len());
+    for child in children {
+        let child_id = string_of(child)?;
+        let child_formula = object_of(objects.get(child_id)?)?;
+        if !is_object_type(child_formula, "formula")
+            || string_field_of(child_formula, "operator") != Some("atom")
+        {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let predication_id = string_field_of(child_formula, "predication")?;
+        let predication = object_of(objects.get(predication_id)?)?;
+        if !is_object_type(predication, "predication") {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let locally_bound: HashSet<String> = bound_eventualities(child_formula)
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(str::to_owned)
+            .collect();
+        let (operand, events, leaf_consumed) =
+            recognize_lexical_leaf(objects, predication_id, predication, parameter, &locally_bound)?;
+        if locally_bound.len() != events.len() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        consumed.insert(child_id.to_owned());
+        consumed.extend(leaf_consumed);
+        operands.push(operand);
+    }
+    Some((
+        new!(RelationOperand::Connective {
+            operator: operator.to_owned(),
+            operands,
+        }),
+        consumed,
+    ))
+}
+
+/// Project the modifier side of a proven tanru link. Falls back to a reference
+/// to the surviving relation referent whenever the compact guards reject the
+/// property body (NU abstractions, be-link structure, shared state, ...).
+/// `allowed_referrers` names the link-side objects whose references to the
+/// modifier relation are expected (they are consumed by the enclosing match).
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn project_modifier(
+    objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+    modifier: &str,
+    allowed_referrers: &HashSet<String>,
+) -> (RelationOperand, BTreeSet<String>) {
+    let compact = (|| {
+        let relation = object_of(objects.get(modifier)?)?;
+        if !is_object_type(relation, "referent")
+            || string_field_of(relation, "sort") != Some("relation")
+            || field(relation, "arity")? != &Value::from(1)
+        {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let parameters = field(relation, "parameters")?.as_array()?;
+        let [parameter] = parameters.as_slice() else {
+            return None;
+        };
+        let parameter = string_of(parameter)?;
+        let parameter_object = object_of(objects.get(parameter)?)?;
+        if !is_object_type(parameter_object, "parameter")
+            || string_field_of(parameter_object, "role") != Some("propertySlot")
+        {
+            return None;
+        }
+        for field_name in parameter_object.keys() {
+            if !matches!(
+                field_name.as_str(),
+                "type" | "sort" | "role" | "introducedBy" | "source"
+            ) {
+                return None;
+            }
+        }
+        let body_id = string_field_of(relation, "body")?;
+        let (operand, mut consumed) = project_modifier_body(objects, body_id, parameter)?;
+        consumed.insert(modifier.to_owned());
+        consumed.insert(parameter.to_owned());
+        Some((operand, consumed))
+    })();
+    match compact {
+        Some((operand, consumed)) => {
+            // The compact form consumes the whole modifier subtree, so nothing
+            // outside it may reference any of its objects, and no formula it
+            // consumes may bind an eventuality that survives.
+            let closed = objects.iter().all(|(key, value)| {
+                if consumed.contains(key) || allowed_referrers.contains(key) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                let serialized = value.to_string();
+                !consumed
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|id| serialized.contains(format!("\"{id}\"").as_str()))
+            }) && consumed.iter().all(|id| {
+                objects
+                    .get(id)
+                    .and_then(Value::as_object)
+                    .filter(|object| is_object_type(object, "formula"))
+                    .is_none_or(|formula| {
+                        bound_eventualities(formula)
+                            .into_iter()
+                            .all(|event| consumed.contains(event))
+                    })
+            });
+            if closed {
+                (operand, consumed)
+            } else {
+                (
+                    new!(RelationOperand::Reference {
+                        relation: modifier.to_owned(),
+                    }),
+                    BTreeSet::new(),
+                )
+            }
+        }
+        None => (
+            new!(RelationOperand::Reference {
+                relation: modifier.to_owned(),
+            }),
+            BTreeSet::new(),
+        ),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Recognize one tanru AND formula. With `nested_parameter = Some(p)` the match
+/// is nested inside a property body: its head projects as a lexical leaf over
+/// `p` and its own bound eventualities must be exactly its head event. With
+/// `None` (or as the head side of a larger tanru) the head is the surviving
+/// predication and the AND's bindings are preserved on the rewritten formula.
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(ret.as_ref().is_none_or(|m| !m.consumed.contains(&m.anchor)))]
+fn recognize_tanru_and(
+    objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+    anchor: &str,
+    nested_parameter: Option<&str>,
+) -> Option<TanruMatch> {
+    let formula = object_of(objects.get(anchor)?)?;
+    if !is_object_type(formula, "formula") || string_field_of(formula, "operator") != Some("and") {
+        return None;
+    }
+    if !is_implicit_connector(formula) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let connector = field(formula, "connector")?.as_object()?;
+    if connector.contains_key("truthTable") || connector.contains_key("parameter") {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let children = field(formula, "children")?.as_array()?;
+    let [head_id, link_id] = children.as_slice() else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    let head_id = string_of(head_id)?;
+    let link_id = string_of(link_id)?;
+
+    // The link side: an atom of a composition predication whose tanruLink
+    // points back at the head predication and at the modifier relation.
+    let link_formula = object_of(objects.get(link_id)?)?;
+    if !is_object_type(link_formula, "formula")
+        || string_field_of(link_formula, "operator") != Some("atom")
+        || !bound_eventualities(link_formula).is_empty()
+    {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let link_predication_id = string_field_of(link_formula, "predication")?;
+    let link = object_of(objects.get(link_predication_id)?)?;
+    if !is_object_type(link, "predication")
+        || link.contains_key("relation")
+        || link.contains_key("relationParameter")
+        || link.contains_key("eventuality")
+        || has_non_flat_fields(link)
+    {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let tanru_link = field(link, "tanruLink")?.as_object()?;
+    let link_head = string_field_of(tanru_link, "head")?;
+    let modifier = string_field_of(tanru_link, "modifier")?;
+    let arguments = field(link, "arguments")?.as_object()?;
+    if arguments.len() != 2 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let x1 = field(arguments, "x1")?.as_object()?;
+    let x2 = field(arguments, "x2")?.as_object()?;
+    if string_field_of(x1, "kind") != Some("filled")
+        || string_field_of(x2, "kind") != Some("filled")
+        || string_field_of(x2, "value") != Some(modifier)
+        || x1.contains_key("introducedBy")
+        || x2.contains_key("introducedBy")
+    {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let participant = string_field_of(x1, "value")?;
+    // The link predication's mode must equal the head predication's mode: the
+    // compact form states one mode on the composed predication, so unequal
+    // modes cannot compact (re-expansion synthesizes the link mode from the
+    // head).
+    let link_mode = string_field_of(link, "mode")?;
+
+    let mut consumed: BTreeSet<String> = [link_id.to_owned(), link_predication_id.to_owned()]
+        .into_iter()
+        .collect();
+
+    // The head side: either the surviving predication (possibly itself a
+    // nested tanru AND, the bo/ke right-grouping case), or — when this match
+    // is nested inside a property body — a lexical leaf over the parameter.
+    let (kind, head_predication, head_bound) = if nested_parameter.is_some() {
+        let head_formula = object_of(objects.get(head_id)?)?;
+        if !is_object_type(head_formula, "formula")
+            || string_field_of(head_formula, "operator") != Some("atom")
+        {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let head_predication_id = string_field_of(head_formula, "predication")?;
+        if head_predication_id != link_head {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let head_predication = object_of(objects.get(head_predication_id)?)?;
+        if !is_object_type(head_predication, "predication")
+            || string_field_of(head_predication, "mode") != Some("restrictive")
+            || link_mode != "restrictive"
+        {
+            return None;
+        }
+        // The nested AND's own bindings must be exactly the head leaf's event.
+        let and_bound: HashSet<String> = bound_eventualities(formula)
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(str::to_owned)
+            .collect();
+        let (operand, events, head_consumed) = recognize_lexical_leaf(
+            objects,
+            head_predication_id,
+            head_predication,
+            nested_parameter?,
+            &and_bound,
+        )?;
+        if and_bound.len() != events.len() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        consumed.insert(head_id.to_owned());
+        consumed.extend(head_consumed);
+        (operand, head_predication_id.to_owned(), Vec::new())
+    } else {
+        let head_formula = object_of(objects.get(head_id)?)?;
+        if is_object_type(head_formula, "formula")
+            && string_field_of(head_formula, "operator") == Some("atom")
+        {
+            let head_predication_id = string_field_of(head_formula, "predication")?;
+            if head_predication_id != link_head {
+                return None;
+            }
+            let head_predication = object_of(objects.get(head_predication_id)?)?;
+            if !is_object_type(head_predication, "predication")
+                || string_field_of(head_predication, "relation").is_none()
+                || head_predication.contains_key("tanruLink")
+                || head_predication.contains_key("relationExpression")
+                || string_field_of(head_predication, "mode") != Some(link_mode)
+            {
+                return None;
+            }
+            // The participant place is the unique head place whose value is
+            // the link's x1; ambiguity rejects the projection.
+            let head_arguments = field(head_predication, "arguments")?.as_object()?;
+            let mut participant_place = None;
+            for (key, argument) in head_arguments {
+                let argument = argument.as_object()?;
+                if string_field_of(argument, "kind") == Some("filled")
+                    && string_field_of(argument, "value") == Some(participant)
+                {
+                    if participant_place.is_some() {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                    participant_place = Some(argument_place(key));
+                }
+            }
+            let participant_place = participant_place.filter(|place| *place > 0)?;
+            consumed.insert(head_id.to_owned());
+            let head_bound = bound_eventualities(head_formula)
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(str::to_owned)
+                .collect();
+            (
+                new!(RelationOperand::Host { participant_place }),
+                head_predication_id.to_owned(),
+                head_bound,
+            )
+        } else if is_object_type(head_formula, "formula")
+            && string_field_of(head_formula, "operator") == Some("and")
+            && is_implicit_connector(head_formula)
+        {
+            // bo/ke right-grouping: the nested composition sits on the head
+            // side and shares this tanru's head predication; its edge is the
+            // explicit one.
+        let nested = recognize_tanru_and(objects, head_id, None)?;
+            if nested.head_predication != link_head || nested.participant != participant {
+                return None;
+            }
+            // The outer link's mode must equal the shared head predication's
+            // mode, just like a plain head's link.
+            let shared_head = object_of(objects.get(link_head)?)?;
+            if string_field_of(shared_head, "mode") != Some(link_mode) {
+                return None;
+            }
+            // The nested AND's bindings must not escape: they may reference
+            // only objects the nested match itself consumes.
+            for event in bound_eventualities(head_formula) {
+                if !nested.consumed.contains(event) {
+                    return None;
+                }
+            }
+            let nested_data = nested.into_data();
+            let head_predication = nested_data.head_predication.clone();
+            consumed.extend(nested_data.consumed);
+            consumed.insert(head_id.to_owned());
+            let data!(RelationOperand::Composition { kind, modifier, .. }) =
+                nested_data.composition.into_data()
+            else {
+                unreachable!("a recognized tanru always produces a composition");
+            };
+            (
+                new!(RelationOperand::Composition {
+                    grouping: Some(CompositionGrouping::Explicit),
+                    kind,
+                    modifier,
+                }),
+                head_predication,
+                Vec::new(),
+            )
+        } else {
+            return None;
+        }
+    };
+
+    let allowed_referrers: HashSet<String> = [link_id.to_owned(), link_predication_id.to_owned()]
+        .into_iter()
+        .collect();
+    let (modifier_operand, modifier_consumed) =
+        project_modifier(objects, modifier, &allowed_referrers);
+    // The compact modifier form is consumed here, so nothing it consumes may
+    // be referenced by objects outside this whole match (the anchor may
+    // reference its own children only).
+    for (key, value) in objects {
+        if key == anchor || consumed.contains(key) || modifier_consumed.contains(key) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let serialized = value.to_string();
+        if consumed
+            .iter()
+            .chain(modifier_consumed.iter())
+            .any(|id| serialized.contains(format!("\"{id}\"").as_str()))
+        {
+            return None;
+        }
+    }
+    consumed.extend(modifier_consumed);
+
+    let composition = normalize_grouping(new!(RelationOperand::Composition {
+        grouping: None,
+        kind: Box::new(kind),
+        modifier: Box::new(modifier_operand),
+    }));
+
+    // The rewritten anchor carries the AND's own bindings plus the plain head
+    // atom's (nested matches already consumed theirs).
+    let mut rewritten_bound: Vec<String> = bound_eventualities(formula)
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(str::to_owned)
+        .collect();
+    rewritten_bound.extend(head_bound);
+
+    Some(new!(TanruMatch {
+        anchor: anchor.to_owned(),
+        head_predication,
+        participant: participant.to_owned(),
+        rewritten_bound,
+        composition,
+        consumed,
+    }))
+}
+
+/// Tree-level grouping rollup: a uniformly explicit tree states EXPLICIT at the
+/// root only; a mixed tree states EXPLICIT per affected node (silence is
+/// ASSUMED-LEFT everywhere else).
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(true)]
+fn normalize_grouping(composition: RelationOperand) -> RelationOperand {
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn all_explicit(operand: &RelationOperand) -> bool {
+        match operand.as_data() {
+            data!(RelationOperand::Composition { grouping, kind, modifier }) => {
+                *grouping == Some(CompositionGrouping::Explicit)
+                    && all_explicit(kind)
+                    && all_explicit(modifier)
+            }
+            data!(RelationOperand::Connective { operands, .. }) => {
+                operands.iter().all(all_explicit)
+            }
+            _ => true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn clear_grouping(operand: RelationOperand) -> RelationOperand {
+        match operand.into_data() {
+            data!(RelationOperand::Composition { kind, modifier, .. }) => {
+                new!(RelationOperand::Composition {
+                    grouping: None,
+                    kind: Box::new(clear_grouping(*kind)),
+                    modifier: Box::new(clear_grouping(*modifier)),
+                })
+            }
+            data => RelationOperand::from_data(data),
+        }
+    }
+
+    if all_explicit(&composition) {
+        let cleared = clear_grouping(composition);
+        let data!(RelationOperand::Composition { kind, modifier, .. }) = cleared.into_data()
+        else {
+            unreachable!("the root of a projected view is always a composition");
+        };
+        new!(RelationOperand::Composition {
+            grouping: Some(CompositionGrouping::Explicit),
+            kind,
+            modifier,
+        })
+    } else {
+        composition
+    }
+}
+
+/// Project every proven tanru pattern in `objects`. Returns the transformed
+/// objects map (AND formulas rewritten to head atoms, head predications
+/// carrying their `relationExpression` view, consumed scaffolding removed) and
+/// the projection report for omission accounting and the acceptance test.
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(ret.0.len() <= objects.len())]
+pub(crate) fn project_tanru_compositions(
+    objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+) -> (Map<String, Value>, TanruProjection) {
+    let mut candidates: Vec<&str> = objects
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|(_, value)| {
+            value.as_object().is_some_and(|object| {
+                is_object_type(object, "formula")
+                    && string_field_of(object, "operator") == Some("and")
+                    && is_implicit_connector(object)
+            })
+        })
+        .map(|(key, _)| key.as_str())
+        .collect();
+    candidates.sort_unstable();
+
+    let mut consumed_global: HashSet<String> = HashSet::new();
+    let mut matches = Vec::new();
+    // Process outermost candidates first: an implicit AND nested inside another
+    // candidate's modifier property must be consumed by that parent's
+    // projection, never projected standalone ahead of it. Depth = how many
+    // other candidates' modifier walks contain the anchor.
+    let depth_of = |anchor: &str| -> usize {
+        candidates
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|other| **other != anchor)
+            .filter(|other| tanru_region_walk(objects, other).contains(anchor))
+            .count()
+    };
+    let mut ordered = candidates.clone();
+    ordered.sort_by_key(|anchor| depth_of(anchor));
+    for candidate in ordered {
+        if consumed_global.contains(candidate) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // A candidate nested inside an already-projected match is consumed by
+        // its parent; overlapping independent matches cannot occur by
+        // construction (the consumed sets are disjoint graph regions).
+        if let Some(result) = recognize_tanru_and(objects, candidate, None) {
+            if result
+                .consumed
+                .iter()
+                .any(|id| consumed_global.contains(id))
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+            consumed_global.extend(result.consumed.iter().cloned());
+            matches.push(result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut transformed = objects.clone();
+    let mut instances = Vec::with_capacity(matches.len());
+    let mut consumed_objects = Map::new();
+    let mut rewritten_anchors = Map::new();
+    for result in matches {
+        for id in &result.consumed {
+            if let Some(original) = transformed.remove(id) {
+                consumed_objects.insert(id.clone(), original);
+            }
+        }
+        rewritten_anchors.insert(
+            result.anchor.clone(),
+            transformed[&result.anchor].clone(),
+        );
+        let anchor_object = transformed
+            .get_mut(&result.anchor)
+            .and_then(Value::as_object_mut)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("tanru anchor must survive: {}", result.anchor));
+        let source = anchor_object.get("source").cloned();
+        let mut rewritten = Map::new();
+        rewritten.insert("type".to_owned(), Value::from("formula"));
+        rewritten.insert("operator".to_owned(), Value::from("atom"));
+        rewritten.insert(
+            "predication".to_owned(),
+            Value::from(result.head_predication.as_str()),
+        );
+        if !result.rewritten_bound.is_empty() {
+            rewritten.insert(
+                "boundEventualities".to_owned(),
+                Value::Array(
+                    result
+                        .rewritten_bound
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|event| Value::from(event.as_str()))
+                        .collect(),
+                ),
+            );
+        }
+        if let Some(source) = source {
+            rewritten.insert("source".to_owned(), source);
+        }
+        *anchor_object = rewritten;
+        let head_object = transformed
+            .get_mut(&result.head_predication)
+            .and_then(Value::as_object_mut)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("tanru head predication must survive: {}", result.head_predication));
+        let view = serde_json::to_value(&result.composition)
+            .expect("relation-expression view serialization cannot fail");
+        head_object.insert("relationExpression".to_owned(), view);
+        let result = result.into_data();
+        instances.push(new!(ProjectedInstance {
+            anchor: result.anchor,
+            head_predication: result.head_predication,
+            consumed: result.consumed,
+            composition: result.composition,
+        }));
+    }
+
+    (
+        transformed,
+        new!(TanruProjection {
+            instances,
+            consumed_objects,
+            rewritten_anchors,
+        }),
+    )
+}
+
+/// The re-expansion elaboration contract and its acceptance test (jbotci#719,
+/// mandated by the round-14 decision): re-expanding the *rendered* relation
+/// expression — the KIND-COMPOSITION/BODY/RELATION/PARTICIPANT-PLACE surface
+/// of the emitted SFN-XML — must reproduce the recognized subgraph modulo
+/// opaque ids and waived provenance. The re-expander is a second, independent
+/// implementation of the tanru graph shape; the comparer pairs object ids by
+/// BFS encounter order so only structure, field values, and reference topology
+/// are compared. Negative fixtures prove the loud/composite fallbacks fire
+/// for unequal link/head modes, shared or decorated modifier eventualities,
+/// and non-flat place maps.
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub(crate) mod reexpansion {
+    use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, HashMap, VecDeque};
+
+    use serde_json::{Map, Value};
+
+    #[allow(unused_imports)]
+    use bityzba::{data, ensures, invariant, new, requires};
+    use jbotci_dictionary::Dictionary;
+
+    use super::{
+        ProjectedInstance, RelationOperand, RelationOperandData, canonical_truth_table,
+        project_tanru_compositions,
+    };
+
+    /// Deterministic fresh id source for regenerated scaffolding objects.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(ret.starts_with(prefix))]
+    fn fresh_id(next: &mut usize, prefix: &str) -> String {
+        *next += 1;
+        format!("{prefix}:{}", 900_000 + *next)
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn object(fields: &[(&str, Value)]) -> Value {
+        Value::Object(
+            fields
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(name, value)| ((*name).to_owned(), value.clone()))
+                .collect(),
+        )
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn id_list(ids: &[String]) -> Value {
+        Value::Array(ids.iter().map(|id| Value::from(id.as_str())).collect())
+    }
+
+    /// The scope-dependence record of a generated relation referent or elided
+    /// referent: `fixed` when no property parameters enclose it, otherwise an
+    /// underspecified dependence on exactly the enclosing parameter stack.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn scope_dependence(enclosing_parameters: &[String]) -> Value {
+        if enclosing_parameters.is_empty() {
+            object(&[("kind", Value::from("fixed"))])
+        } else {
+            object(&[
+                ("kind", Value::from("underspecified")),
+                ("mayDependOn", id_list(enclosing_parameters)),
+            ])
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Regenerate one lexical leaf predication and its atom formula: the
+    /// participant fills `parameter`, fixed places keep their targets, every
+    /// unfilled place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided (zo'e) node,
+    /// and the leaf eventuality is fresh and locally bound.
+    #[requires(!parameter.is_empty() && !predicate.is_empty() && participant_place > 0)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn expand_lexical_leaf(
+        next: &mut usize,
+        predicate: &str,
+        participant_place: usize,
+        fixed_arguments: &BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+        unfilled_places: &[usize],
+        has_event: bool,
+        parameter: &str,
+        enclosing_parameters: &[String],
+        bind_event_at_atom: bool,
+        out: &mut Map<String, Value>,
+    ) -> String {
+        let mut arguments = Map::new();
+        arguments.insert(
+            format!("x{participant_place}"),
+            object(&[
+                ("kind", Value::from("filled")),
+                ("value", Value::from(parameter)),
+            ]),
+        );
+        for (place, target) in fixed_arguments {
+            arguments.insert(
+                format!("x{place}"),
+                object(&[
+                    ("kind", Value::from("filled")),
+                    ("value", Value::from(target.as_str())),
+                ]),
+            );
+        }
+        for place in unfilled_places {
+            let referent = fresh_id(next, "entity");
+            out.insert(
+                referent.clone(),
+                object(&[
+                    ("type", Value::from("referent")),
+                    ("category", Value::from("constant")),
+                    ("scopeDependence", scope_dependence(enclosing_parameters)),
+                    ("sort", Value::from("entity")),
+                    (
+                        "descriptor",
+                        object(&[
+                            ("kind", Value::from("elided")),
+                            ("word", Value::from("zo'e")),
+                        ]),
+                    ),
+                ]),
+            );
+            arguments.insert(
+                format!("x{place}"),
+                object(&[
+                    ("kind", Value::from("elided")),
+                    ("value", Value::from(referent.as_str())),
+                    ("introducedBy", Value::from("zo'e")),
+                ]),
+            );
+        }
+        let eventuality = has_event.then(|| fresh_id(next, "eventuality"));
+        if let Some(eventuality) = &eventuality {
+            out.insert(
+                eventuality.clone(),
+                object(&[
+                    ("type", Value::from("referent")),
+                    ("denotation", Value::from("generated-bound")),
+                    ("sort", Value::from("eventuality")),
+                ]),
+            );
+        }
+        let predication = fresh_id(next, "predication");
+        let mut fields = Vec::from([
+            ("type", Value::from("predication")),
+            ("relation", Value::from(predicate)),
+            ("arguments", Value::Object(arguments)),
+            ("mode", Value::from("restrictive")),
+        ]);
+        if let Some(eventuality) = &eventuality {
+            fields.insert(1, ("eventuality", Value::from(eventuality.as_str())));
+        }
+        out.insert(predication.clone(), object(&fields));
+        let atom = fresh_id(next, "formula");
+        let mut atom_fields = Vec::from([
+            ("type", Value::from("formula")),
+            ("operator", Value::from("atom")),
+            ("predication", Value::from(predication.as_str())),
+        ]);
+        if bind_event_at_atom
+            && let Some(eventuality) = &eventuality
+        {
+            atom_fields.push(("boundEventualities", id_list(&[eventuality.clone()])));
+        }
+        out.insert(atom.clone(), object(&atom_fields));
+        atom
+    }
+
+    /// Decompose one operand into the flat pieces the leaf expander needs,
+    /// panicking on non-lexical operands.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn expand_lexical_operand(
+        next: &mut usize,
+        operand: &RelationOperand,
+        parameter: &str,
+        enclosing_parameters: &[String],
+        bind_event_at_atom: bool,
+        out: &mut Map<String, Value>,
+    ) -> String {
+        let data!(RelationOperand::Lexical {
+            predicate,
+            participant_place,
+            fixed_arguments,
+            unfilled_places,
+            has_event,
+        }) = operand.as_data()
+        else {
+            panic!("expand_lexical_operand requires a lexical operand");
+        };
+        expand_lexical_leaf(
+            next,
+            predicate,
+            *participant_place,
+            fixed_arguments,
+            unfilled_places,
+            *has_event,
+            parameter,
+            enclosing_parameters,
+            bind_event_at_atom,
+            out,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// Regenerate the modifier property abstraction for one operand, returning
+    /// the relation referent id. A `Reference` operand survives in the graph,
+    /// so its id is returned unchanged with no new objects.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn expand_modifier(
+        next: &mut usize,
+        operand: &RelationOperand,
+        enclosing_parameters: &[String],
+        out: &mut Map<String, Value>,
+    ) -> String {
+        if let data!(RelationOperand::Reference { relation }) = operand.as_data() {
+            return relation.clone();
+        }
+        let parameter = fresh_id(next, "parameter");
+        out.insert(
+            parameter.clone(),
+            object(&[
+                ("type", Value::from("parameter")),
+                ("sort", Value::from("entity")),
+                ("role", Value::from("propertySlot")),
+                ("introducedBy", Value::from("ce'u")),
+            ]),
+        );
+        let mut nested_parameters = enclosing_parameters.to_vec();
+        nested_parameters.push(parameter.clone());
+        let body = match operand.as_data() {
+            data!(RelationOperand::Lexical { .. }) => {
+                expand_lexical_operand(next, operand, &parameter, &nested_parameters, true, out)
+            }
+            data!(RelationOperand::Composition { .. }) => expand_composition(
+                next,
+                operand,
+                None,
+                &parameter,
+                "restrictive",
+                &nested_parameters,
+                out,
+            ),
+            data!(RelationOperand::Connective { operator, operands }) => {
+                let children: Vec<String> = operands
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|operand| {
+                        expand_lexical_operand(next, operand, &parameter, &nested_parameters, true, out)
+                    })
+                    .collect();
+                let formula = fresh_id(next, "formula");
+                let mut connector = Map::new();
+                if let Some(table) = canonical_truth_table(operator) {
+                    connector.insert("truthTable".to_owned(), Value::from(table));
+                }
+                out.insert(
+                    formula.clone(),
+                    object(&[
+                        ("type", Value::from("formula")),
+                        ("operator", Value::from(operator.as_str())),
+                        ("children", id_list(&children)),
+                        ("connector", Value::Object(connector)),
+                    ]),
+                );
+                formula
+            }
+            data!(RelationOperand::Host { .. }) => {
+                panic!("a host operand cannot head a modifier property")
+            }
+            data!(RelationOperand::Reference { .. }) => unreachable!("handled above"),
+        };
+        let relation = fresh_id(next, "relation");
+        out.insert(
+            relation.clone(),
+            object(&[
+                ("type", Value::from("referent")),
+                ("category", Value::from("constant")),
+                ("scopeDependence", scope_dependence(enclosing_parameters)),
+                ("sort", Value::from("relation")),
+                ("body", Value::from(body.as_str())),
+                ("parameters", id_list(&[parameter.clone()])),
+                ("arity", Value::from(1)),
+            ]),
+        );
+        relation
+    }
+
+    /// Regenerate the tanru AND formula for one composition node. `surviving_head`
+    /// is the head predication id for `Host` operands (present at the root and
+    /// at bo/ke head-side nesting); `participant` is the link x1 value.
+    #[requires(!participant.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn expand_composition(
+        next: &mut usize,
+        composition: &RelationOperand,
+        surviving_head: Option<&str>,
+        participant: &str,
+        mode: &str,
+        enclosing_parameters: &[String],
+        out: &mut Map<String, Value>,
+    ) -> String {
+        let data!(RelationOperand::Composition { kind, modifier, .. }) =
+            composition.as_data()
+        else {
+            panic!("expand_composition requires a composition operand");
+        };
+        let (head_child, head_predication, head_event) = match kind.as_data() {
+            data!(RelationOperand::Host { .. }) => {
+                let head_predication =
+                    surviving_head.expect("a host operand requires the surviving head predication");
+                let atom = fresh_id(next, "formula");
+                out.insert(
+                    atom.clone(),
+                    object(&[
+                        ("type", Value::from("formula")),
+                        ("operator", Value::from("atom")),
+                        ("predication", Value::from(head_predication)),
+                    ]),
+                );
+                (atom, head_predication.to_owned(), None)
+            }
+            data!(RelationOperand::Lexical { has_event, .. }) => {
+                // A composition head's eventuality is bound by its tanru AND,
+                // not by its own atom (unlike a modifier leaf's).
+                let atom =
+                    expand_lexical_operand(next, kind, participant, enclosing_parameters, false, out);
+                let predication = out[&atom]["predication"]
+                    .as_str()
+                    .expect("atom predication")
+                    .to_owned();
+                let event = has_event.then(|| {
+                    out[&predication]["eventuality"]
+                        .as_str()
+                        .expect("leaf event")
+                        .to_owned()
+                });
+                (atom, predication, event)
+            }
+            data!(RelationOperand::Composition { .. }) => {
+                let and = expand_composition(
+                    next,
+                    kind,
+                    surviving_head,
+                    participant,
+                    mode,
+                    enclosing_parameters,
+                    out,
+                );
+                (
+                    and,
+                    surviving_head
+                        .expect("bo nesting shares the head predication")
+                        .to_owned(),
+                    None,
+                )
+            }
+            data!(RelationOperand::Connective { .. }) | data!(RelationOperand::Reference { .. }) => {
+                panic!("the kind side of a composition is never a connective or reference")
+            }
+        };
+        let modifier_relation = expand_modifier(next, modifier, enclosing_parameters, out);
+        let link_predication = fresh_id(next, "predication");
+        out.insert(
+            link_predication.clone(),
+            object(&[
+                ("type", Value::from("predication")),
+                (
+                    "tanruLink",
+                    object(&[
+                        ("head", Value::from(head_predication.as_str())),
+                        ("modifier", Value::from(modifier_relation.as_str())),
+                    ]),
+                ),
+                (
+                    "arguments",
+                    object(&[
+                        (
+                            "x1",
+                            object(&[
+                                ("kind", Value::from("filled")),
+                                ("value", Value::from(participant)),
+                            ]),
+                        ),
+                        (
+                            "x2",
+                            object(&[
+                                ("kind", Value::from("filled")),
+                                ("value", Value::from(modifier_relation.as_str())),
+                            ]),
+                        ),
+                    ]),
+                ),
+                ("mode", Value::from(mode)),
+            ]),
+        );
+        let link_atom = fresh_id(next, "formula");
+        out.insert(
+            link_atom.clone(),
+            object(&[
+                ("type", Value::from("formula")),
+                ("operator", Value::from("atom")),
+                ("predication", Value::from(link_predication.as_str())),
+            ]),
+        );
+        let and = fresh_id(next, "formula");
+        let mut and_fields = Vec::from([
+            ("type", Value::from("formula")),
+            ("operator", Value::from("and")),
+            ("children", id_list(&[head_child, link_atom])),
+            ("connector", Value::Object(Map::new())),
+        ]);
+        // A nested composition's AND binds its head leaf's eventuality; the
+        // root AND's bindings are restored verbatim from the rewritten atom.
+        if let Some(event) = head_event {
+            and_fields.push(("boundEventualities", id_list(&[event])));
+        }
+        out.insert(and.clone(), object(&and_fields));
+        and
+    }
+
+    /// The property/abstraction parameter stack enclosing a formula in the
+    /// surviving graph (outermost first), found by walking body→parent
+    /// links from the anchor. Needed when a nested tanru projects standalone
+    /// while its enclosing property stays loud: the regenerated subtree's
+    /// scope-dependence records name those surviving enclosing parameters.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn surviving_enclosing_parameters(objects: &Map<String, Value>, anchor: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+        let mut stack = Vec::new();
+        let mut current = anchor.to_owned();
+        loop {
+            let parent = objects.iter().find(|(_, value)| {
+                value
+                    .as_object()
+                    .and_then(|object| object.get("body"))
+                    .and_then(Value::as_str)
+                    == Some(current.as_str())
+                    && value
+                        .as_object()
+                        .and_then(|object| object.get("parameters"))
+                        .and_then(Value::as_array)
+                        .is_some()
+            });
+            let Some((parent_id, parent)) = parent else {
+                break;
+            };
+            let parameters: Vec<String> = parent
+                .get("parameters")
+                .and_then(Value::as_array)
+                .expect("parent parameters")
+                .iter()
+                .filter_map(|parameter| parameter.as_str().map(str::to_owned))
+                .collect();
+            stack = parameters.into_iter().chain(stack).collect();
+            current = parent_id.clone();
+        }
+        stack
+    }
+
+    /// The host participant place of a projected view (the kind side's
+    /// innermost Host operand).
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn host_participant_place(composition: &RelationOperand) -> usize {
+        let mut kind = composition;
+        loop {
+            match kind.as_data() {
+                data!(RelationOperand::Composition { kind: nested, .. }) => kind = nested,
+                data!(RelationOperand::Host { participant_place }) => return *participant_place,
+                _ => panic!("a projected instance always bottoms out at a host operand"),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Re-expand one projected instance with the given relation-expression
+    /// view: the inverse elaboration of the compact relation expression,
+    /// regenerating scaffolding with fresh (opaque) ids.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    pub(crate) fn reexpand_instance(
+        objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+        instance: &ProjectedInstance,
+        view: &RelationOperand,
+        next: &mut usize,
+    ) -> Map<String, Value> {
+        let mut expanded = objects.clone();
+        let bound = expanded[&instance.anchor]
+            .get("boundEventualities")
+            .and_then(Value::as_array)
+            .cloned();
+        let head_object = expanded
+            .get_mut(&instance.head_predication)
+            .and_then(Value::as_object_mut)
+            .expect("head predication survives");
+        head_object.remove("relationExpression");
+        let mode = head_object
+            .get("mode")
+            .and_then(Value::as_str)
+            .expect("head predication mode")
+            .to_owned();
+        let participant_place = host_participant_place(view);
+        let participant = head_object["arguments"]
+            .get(format!("x{participant_place}"))
+            .and_then(|argument| argument.get("value"))
+            .and_then(Value::as_str)
+            .expect("participant argument")
+            .to_owned();
+        let enclosing = surviving_enclosing_parameters(&expanded, &instance.anchor);
+        let mut regenerated = Map::new();
+        let and = expand_composition(
+            next,
+            view,
+            Some(&instance.head_predication),
+            &participant,
+            &mode,
+            &enclosing,
+            &mut regenerated,
+        );
+        // The regenerated AND takes the anchor's id (the anchor survives);
+        // its bindings move back from the rewritten atom verbatim.
+        let mut and_object = match regenerated.remove(&and) {
+            Some(Value::Object(and_object)) => and_object,
+            _ => panic!("regenerated AND must be an object"),
+        };
+        if let Some(bound) = bound {
+            and_object.insert("boundEventualities".to_owned(), Value::Array(bound));
+        }
+        expanded.insert(instance.anchor.clone(), Value::Object(and_object));
+        for (key, value) in regenerated {
+            expanded.insert(key, value);
+        }
+        expanded
+    }
+
+    /// Re-expand every projected instance with its recognizer-produced view
+    /// (used by the negative/guard fixtures; the acceptance driver re-expands
+    /// the *rendered* view instead).
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    pub(crate) fn reexpand_instances(
+        objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+        instances: &[ProjectedInstance],
+    ) -> Map<String, Value> {
+        let mut expanded = objects.clone();
+        let mut next = 0usize;
+        for instance in instances {
+            let view = instance.composition.clone();
+            expanded = reexpand_instance(&expanded, instance, &view, &mut next);
+        }
+        expanded
+    }
+
+    /// Replicate the renderer's id assignment (`make_id` in notation::xml):
+    /// a type/sort prefix plus the graph key's numeric suffix.
+    #[requires(!key.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(!ret.is_empty())]
+    fn make_id(key: &str, object: &Map<String, Value>) -> String {
+        let prefix = if object.get("type").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some("referent") {
+            if object
+                .get("sort")
+                .and_then(Value::as_str)
+                .is_some_and(|sort| sort.starts_with("eventuality"))
+            {
+                "e"
+            } else {
+                "r"
+            }
+        } else {
+            match object.get("type").and_then(Value::as_str) {
+                Some("utterance") => "u",
+                Some("predication") => "p",
+                Some("formula") => "f",
+                Some("quantity") => "q",
+                Some("parameter") => "v",
+                Some("sequence") => "s",
+                Some("displayedContent") => "d",
+                Some("mathExpression") => "m",
+                Some("question") => "x",
+                _ => "o",
+            }
+        };
+        let suffix = key
+            .rsplit_once(':')
+            .map(|(_, suffix)| suffix)
+            .filter(|suffix| suffix.chars().all(|character| character.is_ascii_digit()))
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("graph key lacks JSON-aligned suffix: {key:?}"));
+        format!("{prefix}{suffix}")
+    }
+
+    /// Rendered id (r7, e12, p9) → graph key (entity:7, eventuality:12,
+    /// predication:9), for every object in the graph.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn rendered_id_to_key_map(objects: &Map<String, Value>) -> HashMap<String, String> {
+        objects
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(key, value)| {
+                let object = value.as_object().expect("graph object");
+                (make_id(key, object), key.clone())
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    /// The elided-place list of a compact lexical leaf per the KEY's
+    /// elaboration contract: every lexical place of the predicate (per the
+    /// dictionary place structure) that is neither the participant nor a fixed
+    /// argument elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node.
+    #[requires(!predicate.is_empty() && participant_place > 0)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn lexical_unfilled_places(
+        dictionary: &Dictionary<'_>,
+        predicate: &str,
+        participant_place: usize,
+        fixed_arguments: &BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+    ) -> Vec<usize> {
+        let arity = crate::dictionary_relation_place_count(dictionary, predicate)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("dictionary must know the place count of {predicate}"));
+        (1..=arity)
+            .filter(|place| *place != participant_place && !fixed_arguments.contains_key(place))
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    /// Parse one operand element (KIND, MODIFIER, or RELATION) of a rendered
+    /// KIND-COMPOSITION back into the typed view. `host_slot` is true exactly
+    /// on the root composition's kind chain (the bo/ke head side); only there
+    /// does a bare PREDICATE= leaf mean the enclosing predication's own
+    /// predicate.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn operand_from_xml(
+        element: roxmltree::Node<'_, '_>,
+        host_slot: bool,
+        id_to_key: &HashMap<String, String>,
+        dictionary: &Dictionary<'_>,
+        objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+        host_relation: &str,
+    ) -> RelationOperand {
+        if let Some(reference) = element.attribute("REF") {
+            return new!(RelationOperand::Reference {
+                relation: id_to_key
+                    .get(reference)
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("unknown rendered id {reference}"))
+                    .clone(),
+            });
+        }
+        if let Some(predicate) = element.attribute("PREDICATE") {
+            let participant_place = element
+                .attribute("PARTICIPANT-PLACE")
+                .map(|place| place.parse::<usize>().expect("PARTICIPANT-PLACE is numeric"))
+                .unwrap_or(1);
+            if host_slot {
+                // The host leaf names the surviving head predication's own
+                // relation: validate the rendered value instead of discarding
+                // it, so a swapped host predicate fails the acceptance check.
+                assert_eq!(
+                    predicate, host_relation,
+                    "rendered host predicate does not match the surviving head predication"
+                );
+                return new!(RelationOperand::Host { participant_place });
+            }
+            let mut fixed_arguments = BTreeMap::new();
+            for child in element.children().filter(|child| child.is_element()) {
+                assert_eq!(child.tag_name().name(), "ARG");
+                let place: usize = child
+                    .attribute("INDEX")
+                    .expect("operand ARG INDEX")
+                    .parse()
+                    .expect("operand ARG INDEX is numeric");
+                let target = child.attribute("REF").expect("operand ARG REF");
+                fixed_arguments.insert(
+                    place,
+                    id_to_key
+                        .get(target)
+                        .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("unknown rendered id {target}"))
+                        .clone(),
+                );
+            }
+            let unfilled_places =
+                lexical_unfilled_places(dictionary, predicate, participant_place, &fixed_arguments);
+            return new!(RelationOperand::Lexical {
+                predicate: predicate.to_owned(),
+                participant_place,
+                fixed_arguments,
+                unfilled_places,
+                has_event: true,
+            });
+        }
+        let body = element
+            .children()
+            .find(|child| child.is_element() && child.tag_name().name() == "BODY")
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("operand {} has no PREDICATE=, REF=, or BODY", element.tag_name().name()));
+        let content = body
+            .children()
+            .find(roxmltree::Node::is_element)
+            .expect("BODY wraps one relation-expression subtree");
+        match content.tag_name().name() {
+            "KIND-COMPOSITION" => {
+                composition_from_xml(content, host_slot, id_to_key, dictionary, objects, host_relation)
+            }
+            "CONNECTIVE" => {
+                let operator = match content.attribute("OPERATOR").expect("CONNECTIVE OPERATOR") {
+                    "AND" => "and",
+                    "OR" => "or",
+                    other => panic!("unknown relation connective operator {other}"),
+                };
+                let operands: Vec<RelationOperand> = content
+                    .children()
+                    .filter(|child| child.is_element() && child.tag_name().name() == "RELATION")
+                    .map(|leaf| operand_from_xml(leaf, false, id_to_key, dictionary, objects, host_relation))
+                    .collect();
+                new!(RelationOperand::Connective {
+                    operator: operator.to_owned(),
+                    operands,
+                })
+            }
+            // A composite RELATION-lambda/abstraction subtree rendered inline:
+            // the relation it defines survives in the graph.
+            _ => {
+                let id = content.attribute("ID").map(str::to_owned);
+                let relation = match id {
+                    Some(id) => id_to_key
+                        .get(id.as_str())
+                        .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("unknown rendered id {id}"))
+                        .clone(),
+                    // A single-use relation renders inline without an ID:
+                    // identify it by its parameter list (the rendered
+                    // PARAMETERS= are the property parameters' ids).
+                    None => {
+                        assert_eq!(content.tag_name().name(), "RELATION");
+                        let parameters: Vec<&str> = content
+                            .attribute("PARAMETERS")
+                            .expect("inline RELATION carries PARAMETERS")
+                            .split(' ')
+                            .collect();
+                        let parameter_keys: Vec<&str> = parameters
+                            .iter()
+                            .map(|rendered| {
+                                id_to_key
+                                    .get(*rendered)
+                                    .map(String::as_str)
+                                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("unknown rendered id {rendered}"))
+                            })
+                            .collect();
+                        objects
+                            .iter()
+                            .find(|(_, value)| {
+                                let Some(object) = value.as_object() else {
+                                    return false;
+                                };
+                                object.get("sort").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some("relation")
+                                    && object
+                                        .get("parameters")
+                                        .and_then(Value::as_array)
+                                        .is_some_and(|object_parameters| {
+                                            object_parameters.len() == parameter_keys.len()
+                                                && object_parameters.iter().zip(
+                                                    parameter_keys.iter(),
+                                                ).all(|(object_parameter, parameter_key)| {
+                                                    object_parameter.as_str()
+                                                        == Some(*parameter_key)
+                                                })
+                                        })
+                            })
+                            .map(|(key, _)| key.clone())
+                            .expect("inline composite relation matches a graph relation")
+                    }
+                };
+                new!(RelationOperand::Reference { relation })
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parse a rendered KIND-COMPOSITION element back into the typed
+    /// relation-expression view.
+    #[requires(element.tag_name().name() == "KIND-COMPOSITION")]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn composition_from_xml(
+        element: roxmltree::Node<'_, '_>,
+        host_slot: bool,
+        id_to_key: &HashMap<String, String>,
+        dictionary: &Dictionary<'_>,
+        objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+        host_relation: &str,
+    ) -> RelationOperand {
+        let grouping = match element.attribute("GROUPING") {
+            None => None,
+            Some("EXPLICIT") => Some(super::CompositionGrouping::Explicit),
+            Some(other) => panic!("unknown GROUPING basis {other}"),
+        };
+        let kind = element
+            .children()
+            .find(|child| child.is_element() && child.tag_name().name() == "KIND")
+            .expect("KIND-COMPOSITION has a KIND child");
+        let modifier = element
+            .children()
+            .find(|child| child.is_element() && child.tag_name().name() == "MODIFIER")
+            .expect("KIND-COMPOSITION has a MODIFIER child");
+        new!(RelationOperand::Composition {
+            grouping,
+            kind: Box::new(operand_from_xml(kind, host_slot, id_to_key, dictionary, objects, host_relation)),
+            modifier: Box::new(operand_from_xml(modifier, false, id_to_key, dictionary, objects, host_relation)),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Locate the PREDICATION element a projected instance rendered as: by its
+    /// rendered ID when defined, otherwise by exact MODE/ARG surface match
+    /// against the surviving head predication.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn find_projected_predication<'a>(
+        document: &'a roxmltree::Document<'a>,
+        instance: &ProjectedInstance,
+        objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+        id_to_key: &HashMap<String, String>,
+    ) -> roxmltree::Node<'a, 'a> {
+        let head_object = objects[&instance.head_predication]
+            .as_object()
+            .expect("head predication object");
+        let expected_id = make_id(&instance.head_predication, head_object);
+        let mut candidates: Vec<roxmltree::Node<'a, 'a>> = document
+            .descendants()
+            .filter(|node| {
+                node.is_element()
+                    && node.tag_name().name() == "PREDICATION"
+                    && node
+                        .children()
+                        .find(roxmltree::Node::is_element)
+                        .is_some_and(|first| first.tag_name().name() == "KIND-COMPOSITION")
+            })
+            .collect();
+        if let Some(exact) = candidates
+            .iter()
+            .find(|node| node.attribute("ID") == Some(expected_id.as_str()))
+        {
+            return *exact;
+        }
+        let head_mode = head_object
+            .get("mode")
+            .and_then(Value::as_str)
+            .expect("head predication mode")
+            .to_uppercase();
+        let head_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, String> = head_object["arguments"]
+            .as_object()
+            .expect("head arguments")
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(place, argument)| {
+                let place: usize = place
+                    .strip_prefix('x')
+                    .and_then(|digits| digits.parse().ok())
+                    .expect("numeric argument place");
+                let argument = argument.as_object().expect("argument object");
+                let rendered = match argument.get("kind").and_then(Value::as_str) {
+                    Some("filled") => id_to_key
+                        .iter()
+                        .find(|(_, key)| {
+                            **key == argument["value"].as_str().expect("argument value")
+                        })
+                        .map(|(rendered, _)| rendered.clone())
+                        .expect("argument target renders"),
+                    Some("elided") => "SOME".to_owned(),
+                    other => panic!("unexpected head argument kind {other:?}"),
+                };
+                (place, rendered)
+            })
+            .collect();
+        candidates.retain(|node| {
+            if node.attribute("MODE") != Some(head_mode.as_str()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            let rendered_arguments: BTreeMap<usize, String> = node
+                .children()
+                .filter(|child| child.is_element() && child.tag_name().name() == "ARG")
+                .filter_map(|argument| {
+                    let place: usize = argument
+                        .attribute("INDEX")
+                        .expect("ARG INDEX")
+                        .parse()
+                        .expect("ARG INDEX numeric");
+                    // Inline arguments (a single-use referent rendered in
+                    // place) carry no REF=; they cannot disambiguate, so only
+                    // reference-form arguments constrain the match.
+                    let reference = argument.attribute("REF")?.to_owned();
+                    Some((place, reference))
+                })
+                .collect();
+            rendered_arguments
+                .iter()
+                .all(|(place, reference)| head_arguments.get(place) == Some(reference))
+        });
+        match candidates.as_slice() {
+            [exact] => *exact,
+            [] => panic!(
+                "no PREDICATION element matches projected head {}",
+                instance.head_predication
+            ),
+            _ => panic!(
+                "ambiguous PREDICATION elements for projected head {}",
+                instance.head_predication
+            ),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Provenance fields dropped before equivalence comparison: source records,
+    /// introducer markers, the synthesized relation label, connector surface
+    /// word and locus, and the relation-expression view itself.
+    const PROVENANCE_FIELDS: &[&str] = &[
+        "source",
+        "introducedBy",
+        "relationLabel",
+        "relationExpression",
+        "locus",
+    ];
+
+    /// Canonical structural form of one objects map for equivalence comparison:
+    /// provenance fields dropped, then every id renamed by BFS encounter order
+    /// from `root` (unreached stragglers in sorted-id order), so opaque
+    /// generated ids align by reference topology alone.
+    #[requires(!root.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    pub(crate) fn normalize_objects(objects: &Map<String, Value>, root: &str) -> BTreeMap<String, String> {
+        let mut canonical: HashMap<String, String> = HashMap::new();
+        let mut next = 0usize;
+        let mut queue: VecDeque<String> = VecDeque::from([root.to_owned()]);
+        let rename = |id: &str,
+                          canonical: &mut HashMap<String, String>,
+                          next: &mut usize,
+                          queue: &mut VecDeque<String>| {
+            if !canonical.contains_key(id) {
+                *next += 1;
+                canonical.insert(id.to_owned(), format!("n{next}"));
+                queue.push_back(id.to_owned());
+            }
+        };
+        rename(root, &mut canonical, &mut next, &mut queue);
+        while let Some(id) = queue.pop_front() {
+            let Some(object) = objects.get(&id).and_then(Value::as_object) else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            for value in object.values() {
+                collect_ids(value, objects, &mut |id| rename(id, &mut canonical, &mut next, &mut queue));
+            }
+        }
+        // Unreached stragglers (the graph should not have any, but never hide
+        // one): continue the walk in sorted-id order.
+        let stragglers: BTreeSet<&String> = objects
+            .keys()
+            .filter(|key| !canonical.contains_key(*key))
+            .collect();
+        for straggler in stragglers {
+            rename(straggler, &mut canonical, &mut next, &mut queue);
+            while let Some(id) = queue.pop_front() {
+                let Some(object) = objects.get(&id).and_then(Value::as_object) else {
+                    continue;
+                };
+                for value in object.values() {
+                    collect_ids(value, objects, &mut |id| {
+                        rename(id, &mut canonical, &mut next, &mut queue)
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        objects
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(key, value)| {
+                (
+                    canonical[key].clone(),
+                    canonical_json(value, objects, &canonical),
+                )
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    /// Invoke `visit` on every string value that names an object in the map.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn collect_ids(
+        value: &Value,
+        objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+        visit: &mut impl FnMut(&str),
+    ) {
+        match value {
+            Value::String(text) => {
+                if objects.contains_key(text.as_str()) {
+                    visit(text);
+                }
+            }
+            Value::Array(items) => {
+                for item in items {
+                    collect_ids(item, objects, visit);
+                }
+            }
+            Value::Object(map) => {
+                for (field, item) in map {
+                    if PROVENANCE_FIELDS.contains(&field.as_str()) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    collect_ids(item, objects, visit);
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Serialize one value with provenance fields dropped and ids renamed.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn canonical_json(
+        value: &Value,
+        objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+        canonical: &HashMap<String, String>,
+    ) -> String {
+        match value {
+            Value::String(text) => format!(
+                "{:?}",
+                canonical.get(text.as_str()).map(String::as_str).unwrap_or(text)
+            ),
+            Value::Array(items) => format!(
+                "[{}]",
+                items
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|item| canonical_json(item, objects, canonical))
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .join(",")
+            ),
+            Value::Object(map) => {
+                let mut fields: Vec<String> = map
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|(field, _)| !PROVENANCE_FIELDS.contains(&field.as_str()))
+                    .map(|(field, item)| {
+                        format!("{field:?}:{}", canonical_json(item, objects, canonical))
+                    })
+                    .collect();
+                fields.sort();
+                format!("{{{}}}", fields.join(","))
+            }
+            other => format!("{other:?}"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The acceptance driver mandated by the round-14 decision: parse the
+    /// *rendered* SFN-XML relation expressions back into compositions,
+    /// re-expand them, and require the normalized forms of the pre-projection
+    /// graph and the regenerated graph to be identical. `objects` is the
+    /// original (unprojected) graph; `xml` is the product renderer's actual
+    /// output for it.
+    #[requires(!root.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    pub(crate) fn assert_rendered_reexpansion_equivalent(
+        objects: &Map<String, Value>,
+        root: &str,
+        xml: &str,
+        dictionary: &Dictionary<'_>,
+    ) {
+        let (transformed, projection) = project_tanru_compositions(objects);
+        let id_to_key = rendered_id_to_key_map(objects);
+        let document = roxmltree::Document::parse(xml).expect("rendered XML parses");
+        let mut expanded = transformed.clone();
+        let mut next = 0usize;
+        for instance in &projection.instances {
+            let predication_element =
+                find_projected_predication(&document, instance, objects, &id_to_key);
+            let host_relation = objects[&instance.head_predication]
+                .get("relation")
+                .and_then(Value::as_str)
+                .expect("surviving head predication has its lexical relation");
+            let view = composition_from_xml(
+                predication_element
+                    .children()
+                    .find(|child| child.is_element() && child.tag_name().name() == "KIND-COMPOSITION")
+                    .expect("projected predication renders KIND-COMPOSITION"),
+                true,
+                &id_to_key,
+                dictionary,
+                objects,
+                host_relation,
+            );
+            expanded = reexpand_instance(&expanded, instance, &view, &mut next);
+        }
+        let original_normalized = normalize_objects(objects, root);
+        let expanded_normalized = normalize_objects(&expanded, root);
+        if original_normalized != expanded_normalized {
+            for (key, value) in &original_normalized {
+                if expanded_normalized.get(key) != Some(value) {
+                    eprintln!("ORIGINAL {key}: {value}");
+                    eprintln!("EXPANDED {key}: {:?}", expanded_normalized.get(key));
+                }
+            }
+            for (key, value) in &expanded_normalized {
+                if !original_normalized.contains_key(key) {
+                    eprintln!("EXPANDED-ONLY {key}: {value}");
+                }
+            }
+            panic!(
+                "re-expanding the rendered relation expression must reproduce the recognized subgraph modulo opaque ids and provenance"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    #[allow(unused_imports)]
+    use bityzba::{data, ensures, invariant, new, requires};
+
+    use serde_json::{Map, Value};
+
+    use super::reexpansion::{
+        assert_rendered_reexpansion_equivalent, normalize_objects, reexpand_instances,
+    };
+    use super::{RelationOperandData, project_tanru_compositions};
+    use crate::SemanticGraph;
+    use crate::notation::render_xml_value_for_tooling;
+
+    #[requires(!text.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn graph_for_text(text: &str) -> SemanticGraph {
+        let words = jbotci_morphology::segment_words_with_modifiers(text).expect("morphology");
+        let parsed = jbotci_syntax::parse_syntax_tree_generated_model_with_source_and_options(
+            &words,
+            text,
+            &jbotci_syntax::ParseOptions::default(),
+        )
+        .expect("syntax");
+        crate::build_generated_semantic_graph_with_dictionary_and_options(
+            &parsed,
+            crate::SemanticBuildOptions {
+                source_text: Some(text),
+                story_time: false,
+            },
+            jbotci_dictionary_data::english(),
+        )
+        .expect("semantics")
+    }
+
+    #[requires(!text.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn graph_value(text: &str) -> Value {
+        serde_json::to_value(graph_for_text(text)).expect("graph serializes")
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn objects_of(graph: &Value) -> Map<String, Value> {
+        graph["objects"].as_object().expect("objects map").clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Render the graph exactly as the product does, then run the
+    /// rendered-surface re-expansion equivalence acceptance check.
+    #[requires(!text.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn assert_text_reexpands(text: &str) {
+        let graph = graph_for_text(text);
+        let root = graph.root.to_string();
+        let value = serde_json::to_value(&graph).expect("graph serializes");
+        let objects = objects_of(&value);
+        let xml = crate::render_xml(&graph, "<acceptance>").into_data().output;
+        assert_rendered_reexpansion_equivalent(&objects, &root, &xml, jbotci_dictionary_data::english());
+    }
+
+    /// The round-14 witness set plus the tricky shapes: asserted main-selbri
+    /// tanru, co with following terms (fixed modifier args), se conversion
+    /// (non-first participant place), be-linked and NU-abstracted modifiers
+    /// (reference fallback), and a connected tertau (loud fallback).
+    #[test]
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn reexpansion_equivalence_holds_for_tanru_witnesses() {
+        for text in [
+            "lo blanu zdani cu barda",
+            "lo mutce blanu zdani cu barda",
+            "lo mutce blanu bo zdani cu barda",
+            "lo sutra je xekri mlatu cu barda",
+            "lo zdani co blanu cu barda",
+            "ti blanu zdani",
+            "ti zdani co blanu mi",
+            "lo se xekri mlatu cu barda",
+            "lo xamgu be lo gerku zdani cu barda",
+            "lo xamgu be lo gerku be'o zdani cu barda",
+            "lo nu bajra kei zdani cu barda",
+            "mi nelci lo melbi cmalu nixli je ckule",
+        ] {
+            assert_text_reexpands(text);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Every frozen-corpus graph must satisfy the same rendered-surface
+    /// equivalence (the corpus migration activates the tanru instances there).
+    #[test]
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn reexpansion_equivalence_holds_for_the_frozen_corpus() {
+        let corpus = std::path::Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")).join("tests/xml_corpus");
+        let mut documents: Vec<_> = std::fs::read_dir(&corpus)
+            .expect("corpus directory")
+            .filter_map(|entry| {
+                let path = entry.expect("corpus entry").path();
+                path.file_name()
+                    .map(|name| name.to_string_lossy().into_owned())
+                    .filter(|name| name.ends_with(".frozen.json"))
+                    .map(|_| path)
+            })
+            .collect();
+        documents.sort();
+        assert!(documents.len() >= 48, "the frozen corpus must stay complete");
+        for path in documents {
+            let mut graph: Value = serde_json::from_str(
+                &std::fs::read_to_string(&path).expect("corpus document reads"),
+            )
+            .expect("corpus document parses");
+            let binder_universes: Value = serde_json::from_slice(include_bytes!(
+                "../../tests/xml_corpus/BINDER_UNIVERSES.json"
+            ))
+            .expect("binder universes parse");
+            let document_name = path
+                .file_name()
+                .expect("document name")
+                .to_string_lossy()
+                .replace(".frozen.json", "");
+            graph["scopeDependenceBinderUniverses"] = binder_universes[document_name.as_str()].clone();
+            let root = graph["root"].as_str().expect("graph root").to_owned();
+            let objects = objects_of(&graph);
+            let xml = render_xml_value_for_tooling(graph, &document_name).into_data().output;
+            assert_rendered_reexpansion_equivalent(&objects, &root, &xml, jbotci_dictionary_data::english());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Build a witness graph and mutate its objects JSON before projection.
+    #[requires(!text.is_empty())]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn mutated_witness(
+        text: &str,
+        mutate: impl FnOnce(&mut Map<String, Value>),
+    ) -> (Value, Map<String, Value>) {
+        let graph = graph_value(text);
+        let mut objects = objects_of(&graph);
+        mutate(&mut objects);
+        (graph, objects)
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn find_predication_with_relation(objects: &Map<String, Value>, relation: &str) -> String {
+        objects
+            .iter()
+            .find(|(_, object)| {
+                object.get("type").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some("predication")
+                    && object.get("relation").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some(relation)
+            })
+            .map(|(key, _)| key.clone())
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no predication with relation {relation}"))
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn find_tanru_link_predication(objects: &Map<String, Value>) -> String {
+        objects
+            .iter()
+            .find(|(_, object)| object.get("tanruLink").is_some())
+            .map(|(key, _)| key.clone())
+            .expect("a tanru-link predication")
+    }
+
+    /// Negative fixture: unequal head/link modes must NOT compact (the
+    /// recognizer derives the link mode from the head, so a graph with unequal
+    /// modes could not be reconstructed losslessly).
+    #[test]
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn unequal_head_and_link_modes_stay_loud() {
+        let (_graph, objects) = mutated_witness("lo blanu zdani cu barda", |objects| {
+            let link = find_tanru_link_predication(objects);
+            objects
+                .get_mut(&link)
+                .and_then(Value::as_object_mut)
+                .expect("link object")
+                .insert("mode".to_owned(), Value::from("asserted"));
+        });
+        let (transformed, projection) = project_tanru_compositions(&objects);
+        assert!(
+            projection.instances.is_empty(),
+            "unequal head/link modes must reject the compact form"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(transformed.len(), objects.len(), "nothing was consumed");
+        // Sanity: the original graph itself re-expands trivially (no instances).
+        assert_eq!(normalize_objects(&objects, "utterance:5"), normalize_objects(&reexpand_instances(&transformed, &projection.instances), "utterance:5"));
+    }
+
+    /// Negative fixture: a corrupted rendered host predicate (a swap of the
+    /// surviving head's own PREDICATE= in the emitted XML) must FAIL the
+    /// rendered-surface acceptance check — the host leaf's rendered value is
+    /// validated against the surviving head predication, not discarded.
+    #[test]
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn corrupted_rendered_host_predicate_fails() {
+        let graph = graph_for_text("lo blanu zdani cu barda");
+        let root = graph.root.to_string();
+        let value = serde_json::to_value(&graph).expect("graph serializes");
+        let objects = objects_of(&value);
+        let xml = crate::render_xml(&graph, "<acceptance>").into_data().output;
+        assert!(
+            xml.contains("<KIND PREDICATE=\"zdani\"/>"),
+            "witness must render the host predicate"
+        );
+        let corrupted = xml.replacen(
+            "<KIND PREDICATE=\"zdani\"/>",
+            "<KIND PREDICATE=\"mlatu\"/>",
+            1,
+        );
+        let result = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
+            assert_rendered_reexpansion_equivalent(
+                &objects,
+                &root,
+                &corrupted,
+                jbotci_dictionary_data::english(),
+            );
+        });
+        assert!(
+            result.is_err(),
+            "a swapped host predicate in the rendered XML must fail the acceptance check"
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// Negative fixture: a modifier eventuality shared with an outside
+    /// predication is not the derivable fresh-local event — the modifier must
+    /// fall back to the composite reference form, never the compact leaf.
+    #[test]
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn shared_modifier_event_forces_composite_fallback() {
+        let (_graph, objects) = mutated_witness("lo blanu zdani cu barda", |objects| {
+            let blanu = find_predication_with_relation(objects, "blanu");
+            let barda = find_predication_with_relation(objects, "barda");
+            let event = objects[&blanu]["eventuality"].clone();
+            objects
+                .get_mut(&barda)
+                .and_then(Value::as_object_mut)
+                .expect("barda object")
+                .insert("eventuality".to_owned(), event);
+        });
+        assert_modifier_falls_back_to_reference(objects);
+    }
+
+    /// Negative fixture: a decorated (tense-marked) modifier eventuality is
+    /// not the derivable fresh-local event.
+    #[test]
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn decorated_modifier_event_forces_composite_fallback() {
+        let (_graph, objects) = mutated_witness("lo blanu zdani cu barda", |objects| {
+            let blanu = find_predication_with_relation(objects, "blanu");
+            let event = objects[&blanu]["eventuality"]
+                .as_str()
+                .expect("modifier event")
+                .to_owned();
+            objects
+                .get_mut(&event)
+                .and_then(Value::as_object_mut)
+                .expect("event object")
+                .insert("time".to_owned(), serde_json::json!({"kind": "offset", "direction": "past"}));
+        });
+        assert_modifier_falls_back_to_reference(objects);
+    }
+
+    /// Negative fixture: a place question on the modifier predication makes
+    /// its place map non-flat.
+    #[test]
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn non_flat_place_map_forces_composite_fallback() {
+        let (_graph, objects) = mutated_witness("lo blanu zdani cu barda", |objects| {
+            let blanu = find_predication_with_relation(objects, "blanu");
+            objects
+                .get_mut(&blanu)
+                .and_then(Value::as_object_mut)
+                .expect("blanu object")
+                .insert("placeQuestions".to_owned(), serde_json::json!([]));
+        });
+        assert_modifier_falls_back_to_reference(objects);
+    }
+
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn assert_modifier_falls_back_to_reference(objects: Map<String, Value>) {
+        let (_transformed, projection) = project_tanru_compositions(&objects);
+        assert_eq!(
+            projection.instances.len(),
+            1,
+            "the tanru itself is still recognized"
+        );
+        let instance = &projection.instances[0];
+        let data!(RelationOperand::Composition { modifier, .. }) = instance.composition.as_data()
+        else {
+            panic!("the projected view root is a composition");
+        };
+        assert!(
+            matches!(modifier.as_data(), data!(RelationOperand::Reference { .. })),
+            "a shared/decorated/non-flat modifier must stay in the composite reference form: {:?}",
+            modifier.as_data()
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/render.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/render.rs
index 7743c76513..78523165c9 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/render.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/render.rs
@@ -466,27 +466,9 @@ pub fn render_smusni(graph: &SemanticGraph, config: SmusniConfig) -> String {
         w.collection("NOT COMPUTED", |w| {
             w.entry("denotation-multiplicity");
         });
-        // #709: relationMetadata objects carry no declaration; the document
-        // header waives them explicitly, with the reason naming where the
-        // decomposition lives. The block exists exactly when the graph has
-        // relationMetadata objects, so graphs without any stay byte-identical.
-        let relation_metadata: Vec<&str> = order
-            .iter()
-            .map(String::as_str)
-            .filter(|key| {
-                objects[*key].get("type").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some("relationMetadata")
-            })
-            .collect();
-        if !relation_metadata.is_empty() {
-            w.collection("WAIVED", |w| {
-                for key in &relation_metadata {
-                    w.entry(&format!(
-                        "relationMetadata {}: decomposition rendered in the definitions-preamble word cards",
-                        ctx.id(key)
-                    ));
-                }
-            });
-        }
+        // #709 + #719: relationMetadata objects carry no declaration (their
+        // decomposition renders in the definitions-preamble word cards); the
+        // former WAIVED bookkeeping block is out of model-facing output.
         w.collection("DECLARATIONS", |w| {
             for key in &order {
                 render_one(w, &ctx, key, &objects[key]);
@@ -1173,20 +1155,25 @@ fn render_utterance(w: &mut Writer, ctx: &Ctx, key: &str, obj: &Value) {
 fn render_predication(w: &mut Writer, ctx: &Ctx, key: &str, obj: &Value) {
     let vid = ctx.id(key).to_string();
     w.declaration("PREDICATION", &vid, None, true, |w| {
-        // A predication's relation (`PredicationRelation`) is either a lexical
-        // relation word (`relation`) or — for a relation-question or
-        // relation-variable predication (`mo`, `bu'a`) — a bound relation
-        // parameter (`relationParameter`, a pointer to a `parameter` object
-        // whose own PARAMETER declaration carries ROLE: relation question /
-        // relation variable). Exactly one field is present. A relation
+        // A predication's relation (`PredicationRelation`) is a lexical
+        // relation word (`relation`), a bound relation parameter
+        // (`relationParameter` — for a relation-question or relation-variable
+        // predication (`mo`, `bu'a`), a pointer to a `parameter` object whose
+        // own PARAMETER declaration carries ROLE: relation question / relation
+        // variable), or — for a tanru composition — absent entirely. A relation
         // parameter is referenced by the same `VALUE <id>` marker every other
         // parameter reference uses (§6.3 operand fillers, argument questions),
         // so the relation slot reads as a bound value and the question/variable
         // semantics live on its PARAMETER declaration — mirroring how a `ma`
-        // argument-question already surfaces as `VALUE <id>` in ARGS. Neither
-        // field present is a genuine `lojban-semantics-json-1` contract
-        // violation and still fails loudly via `req_val`.
-        if let Some(relation) = field_str(obj, "relation") {
+        // argument-question already surfaces as `VALUE <id>` in ARGS.
+        // A tanru-composition predication (`PredicationRelation::Composition`)
+        // carries neither `relation` nor `relationParameter`; its structural
+        // link renders under TANRU LINK below. No relation and no tanru link is
+        // a genuine `lojban-semantics-json-1` contract violation and still
+        // fails loudly via `req_val`.
+        if obj.get("tanruLink").is_some_and(|link| !link.is_null()) {
+            // RELATION line intentionally omitted for composition predications.
+        } else if let Some(relation) = field_str(obj, "relation") {
             w.field("RELATION", &lexical(relation));
         } else {
             let parameter = ctx.id_of(req_val(obj, "relationParameter"));
@@ -1294,24 +1281,36 @@ fn render_place_questions(w: &mut Writer, ctx: &Ctx, questions: &[Value]) {
     });
 }
 
-/// A formula's own `connector` (`full = false`): CONNECTIVE SOURCE plus, when
-/// present, TRUTH TABLE. `connector.parameter`, never observed non-null, is
+/// A formula's own `connector` (jbotci#719): the surface word and the
+/// grammatical locus are provenance-class and render only under the provenance
+/// opt-in. Truth-conditional content stays in default output: TRUTH TABLE
+/// renders exactly when the graph records one the parent operator does not
+/// already determine. `connector.parameter`, never observed non-null, is
 /// flagged rather than dropped.
 #[requires(true)]
 #[ensures(true)]
-fn render_connector(w: &mut Writer, connector: Option<&Value>, full: bool) {
+fn render_connector(w: &mut Writer, ctx: &Ctx, connector: Option<&Value>, operator: &str) {
     let Some(connector) = connector.filter(|c| !c.is_null()) else {
         return;
     };
-    w.field("CONNECTIVE SOURCE", &lexical(req_str(connector, "source")));
-    if full {
-        let locus = match req_str(connector, "locus") {
-            "modal" => "tag",
-            locus => locus,
-        };
-        w.field("LOCUS", &enum_render(locus));
+    if ctx.provenance {
+        // `source` is a tagged `ConnectorSource` object: a surface word renders
+        // as itself; an implicit (tanru juxtaposition) connective names its kind.
+        let source = req_val(connector, "source");
+        match source.get("kind").and_then(Value::as_str) {
+            Some("surfaceWord") => {
+                w.field("CONNECTIVE SOURCE", &lexical(req_str(source, "word")))
+            }
+            Some("implicitJuxtaposition") => {
+                w.field("CONNECTIVE SOURCE", &enum_render("implicitJuxtaposition"))
+            }
+            other => panic!("unknown connector source kind: {other:?}"),
+        }
+        w.field("LOCUS", &enum_render(req_str(connector, "locus")));
     }
-    if let Some(truth_table) = field_str(connector, "truthTable") {
+    if let Some(truth_table) = field_str(connector, "truthTable")
+        && canonical_truth_table(operator) != Some(truth_table)
+    {
         w.field("TRUTH TABLE", &enum_render(truth_table));
     }
     if connector.get("parameter").is_some_and(|p| !p.is_null()) {
@@ -1319,6 +1318,22 @@ fn render_connector(w: &mut Writer, connector: Option<&Value>, full: bool) {
     }
 }
 
+/// The truth table a binary logical operator already determines (row order TT,
+/// TF, FT, FF), mirroring the XML renderer's `canonical_truth_table`; `None`
+/// for operators with no truth-functional reading, whose recorded tables
+/// always render.
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(ret.is_none_or(|table| table.len() == 4))]
+fn canonical_truth_table(operator: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    match operator {
+        "and" => Some("TFFF"),
+        "or" => Some("TTTF"),
+        "iff" => Some("TFFT"),
+        "whetherOrNot" => Some("TTFF"),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
 #[requires(true)]
 #[ensures(true)]
 fn render_formula(w: &mut Writer, ctx: &Ctx, key: &str, obj: &Value) {
@@ -1341,7 +1356,7 @@ fn render_formula(w: &mut Writer, ctx: &Ctx, key: &str, obj: &Value) {
                     w.entry(&ctx.id_of(c));
                 }
             });
-            render_connector(w, obj.get("connector"), false);
+            render_connector(w, ctx, obj.get("connector"), &op);
             rendered_body = true;
         }
         if let Some(variable) = obj.get("variable") {
@@ -1634,9 +1649,12 @@ fn render_sequence(w: &mut Writer, ctx: &Ctx, key: &str, obj: &Value) {
                 } else {
                     w.field("OPERATOR", &enum_render(operator));
                 }
-                w.heading("CONNECTOR", |w| {
-                    render_connector(w, nc.get("connector"), true);
-                });
+                // #719: no CONNECTOR heading — connector content renders
+                // inline: TRUTH TABLE exactly when the operator does not
+                // already determine it (always, for a nonlogical operator),
+                // the parameter marker when present, and the surface word and
+                // locus only under the provenance opt-in.
+                render_connector(w, ctx, nc.get("connector"), operator);
             });
         }
         render_source(w, ctx, obj);
@@ -1934,25 +1952,41 @@ mod tests {
         }
 
         let connector = json!({
-            "source": "ki'u",
-            "locus": "modal"
+            "source": { "kind": "surfaceWord", "word": "ki'u" },
+            "locus": "tag"
         });
+        let objects = BTreeMap::new();
+        let id_map = BTreeMap::new();
+        // #719: source and locus render only under the provenance opt-in.
+        let ordinary_ctx = Ctx {
+            objects: &objects,
+            id_map: &id_map,
+            provenance: false,
+        };
+        let mut writer = Writer::new(false, false);
+        render_connector(&mut writer, &ordinary_ctx, Some(&connector), "and");
+        assert_eq!(writer.finish(), "\n");
+        let provenance_ctx = Ctx {
+            objects: &objects,
+            id_map: &id_map,
+            provenance: true,
+        };
         let mut writer = Writer::new(false, false);
-        render_connector(&mut writer, Some(&connector), true);
+        render_connector(&mut writer, &provenance_ctx, Some(&connector), "and");
         let rendered = writer.finish();
+        assert!(rendered.contains("CONNECTIVE SOURCE: ki'u;"));
         assert!(rendered.contains("LOCUS: TAG;"));
         assert_no_standalone_modal_word(&rendered);
     }
 
-    /// #709: a graph with relationMetadata objects renders no UNKNOWN
-    /// declaration for them; the document header carries an explicit WAIVED
-    /// block whose reason names where the decomposition lives. A graph
-    /// without relationMetadata renders no WAIVED block at all (the frozen
-    /// corpus parity tests pin byte-identity for that shape).
+    /// #709 + #719: a graph with relationMetadata objects renders no UNKNOWN
+    /// declaration for them (their decomposition lives in the
+    /// definitions-preamble word cards); the former WAIVED bookkeeping block is
+    /// gone from model-facing output.
     #[test]
     #[requires(true)]
     #[ensures(true)]
-    fn relation_metadata_is_waived_with_reason_not_unknown() {
+    fn relation_metadata_renders_no_declaration_and_no_waived_block() {
         use jbotci_morphology::segment_words_with_modifiers;
         use jbotci_syntax::{
             ParseOptions, parse_syntax_tree_generated_model_with_source_and_options,
@@ -1991,23 +2025,12 @@ mod tests {
             "the generic UNKNOWN fallback must never fire for relationMetadata:\n{nonce}"
         );
         assert!(
-            nonce.contains("WAIVED {"),
-            "missing the header WAIVED block:\n{nonce}"
-        );
-        assert!(
-            nonce.contains(
-                "relationMetadata relationMetadata_8: decomposition rendered in the definitions-preamble word cards;"
-            ),
-            "missing the waive-with-reason entry:\n{nonce}"
-        );
-
-        let plain = render_smusni(
-            &graph_for_text("lo mlatu cu barda"),
-            SmusniConfig { provenance: false },
+            !nonce.contains("WAIVED"),
+            "the WAIVED bookkeeping block is out of model-facing output:\n{nonce}"
         );
         assert!(
-            !plain.contains("WAIVED"),
-            "a graph without relationMetadata must not render a WAIVED block:\n{plain}"
+            !nonce.contains("relationMetadata relationMetadata_"),
+            "relationMetadata objects carry no declaration:\n{nonce}"
         );
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml.rs
index bab0cbc33b..ea943e301a 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml.rs
@@ -22,120 +22,45 @@ use crate::notation::xml_words::words_section;
 
 const SCOPE_DEPENDENCE_TEACHING: &str = "Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.";
 
-const KEY_RULES_BEFORE_SORTS: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
-    (
-        "ids",
-        "ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).",
-    ),
-    (
-        "lexical-categories",
-        "UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.",
-    ),
+const KEY_RULES_BEFORE_SORTS: &[&str] = &[
+    "ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).",
+    "UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.",
 ];
 
-const KEY_RULES_AFTER_SORTS: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
-    (
-        "embedded-questions",
-        "EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "kind-composition",
-        "KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "warnings",
-        "Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "some",
-        "REF=\"SOME\" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).",
-    ),
-    (
-        "ground",
-        "DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "quantifiers",
-        "EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.",
-    ),
-    ("scope-dependence", SCOPE_DEPENDENCE_TEACHING),
-    (
-        "scope-dependence-subsets",
-        "POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "number-neutrality",
-        "References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "personal-reference",
-        "PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "speaker-anchor",
-        "A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "facet-silence",
-        "Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "event-field",
-        "EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "adjuncts",
-        "ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL=\"true\" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "pro-sumti",
-        "UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "mode",
-        "MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "defs",
-        "Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "atomic-lists",
-        "A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "order",
-        "Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.",
-    ),
+const KEY_RULES_AFTER_SORTS: &[&str] = &[
+    "EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.",
+    "KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.",
+    "PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.",
+    "GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.",
+    "CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.",
+    "Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.",
+    "REF=\"SOME\" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).",
+    "DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.",
+    "EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.",
+    SCOPE_DEPENDENCE_TEACHING,
+    "POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.",
+    "References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.",
+    "PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.",
+    "A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.",
+    "Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.",
+    "EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.",
+    "ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL=\"true\" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.",
+    "UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.",
+    "MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.",
+    "Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.",
+    "A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.",
+    "Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.",
 ];
 
-/// KEY rules appended exactly when the document carries a WORDS word-card
+/// KEY paragraphs appended exactly when the document carries a WORDS word-card
 /// section (#709): documents without cards stay byte-identical.
-const KEY_RULES_WORD_CARDS: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
-    (
-        "word-cards",
-        "WORDS lists one WORD card per content word of the text; ID= is the card key. GLOSS, DEF, and NOTES are dictionary prose; inside DEF and NOTES, ARG INDEX=\"n\" marks the word's nth place — the same argument vocabulary as predications, so a place in a definition matches ARG INDEX on the word's predications. KNOWN=\"false\" marks a word with no dictionary definition; the default true is omitted.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "compound-approximation",
-        "COMPOSITE-APPROX shows the mechanical composition of a dictionary-absent compound through the same KIND-COMPOSITION idiom as the body; it is suggestive, not definitional. COMPONENT WORD= references the component's own WORD card.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "compound-places",
-        "PLACES=\"UNKNOWN\" means the composition tree determines no place structure. The actual meaning and places were chosen by the coiner. Places of COMPONENT cards are not inherited by the compound, and operators or grouping the coiner omitted leave no recoverable trace.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "compound-assumptions",
-        "GROUPING= and SCOPE= describe the basis of the displayed tree, not the coiner's guaranteed intent: ASSUMED-LEFT = CLL default left grouping, ASSUMED-SHORT = CLL-12.12 narrow operator scope, EXPLICIT = the word itself encodes the boundary. The attributes are tree-level; they appear per-node only when one tree mixes explicit and assumed edges.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "context-placeholders",
-        "VARIABLE-CONTEXT denotes the abstract role an utterance context would supply for a context-dependent word used inside a definition. These are roles, not referents; they define no ids.",
-    ),
-    (
-        "word-card-ids",
-        "WORD ID values are surface-spelling card keys: the canonical spelling for one-token words; multiword (zei) compounds join their parts with hyphens (mi-zei-do). Hyphens never occur inside a single Lojban word, so the two namespaces cannot collide.",
-    ),
+const KEY_RULES_WORD_CARDS: &[&str] = &[
+    "WORDS lists one WORD card per content word of the text; ID= is the card key. GLOSS, DEF, and NOTES are dictionary prose; inside DEF and NOTES, ARG INDEX=\"n\" marks the word's nth place — the same argument vocabulary as predications, so a place in a definition matches ARG INDEX on the word's predications. KNOWN=\"false\" marks a word with no dictionary definition; the default true is omitted.",
+    "COMPOSITE-APPROX shows the mechanical composition of a dictionary-absent compound through the same KIND-COMPOSITION idiom as the body; it is suggestive, not definitional. COMPONENT WORD= references the component's own WORD card.",
+    "PLACES=\"UNKNOWN\" means the composition tree determines no place structure. The actual meaning and places were chosen by the coiner. Places of COMPONENT cards are not inherited by the compound, and operators or grouping the coiner omitted leave no recoverable trace.",
+    "On word cards, GROUPING= and SCOPE= describe the basis of the displayed tree, not the coiner's guaranteed intent: ASSUMED-LEFT = CLL default left grouping, ASSUMED-SHORT = CLL-12.12 narrow operator scope, EXPLICIT = the word itself encodes the boundary. The attributes are tree-level; they appear per-node only when one tree mixes explicit and assumed edges. Unlike the body scope, cards state ASSUMED-LEFT because a card tree is an approximation of an undefined word, not the deterministic grammar default.",
+    "VARIABLE-CONTEXT denotes the abstract role an utterance context would supply for a context-dependent word used inside a definition. These are roles, not referents; they define no ids.",
+    "WORD ID values are surface-spelling card keys: the canonical spelling for one-token words; multiword (zei) compounds join their parts with hyphens (mi-zei-do). Hyphens never occur inside a single Lojban word, so the two namespaces cannot collide.",
 ];
 
 const FACET_FIELDS: &[&str] = &[
@@ -197,6 +122,7 @@ const DESCRIPTOR_KINDS: &[&str] = &[
 #[invariant(::QuantityText => true)]
 #[invariant(::BoundVariableWord => true)]
 #[invariant(::CompositionRelationLabel => true)]
+#[invariant(::ConnectorProvenance => true)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
 pub enum XmlWaiverFamily {
     SourceRecord,
@@ -206,6 +132,11 @@ pub enum XmlWaiverFamily {
     QuantityText,
     BoundVariableWord,
     CompositionRelationLabel,
+    /// Connector surface words and grammatical loci: provenance-class data that
+    /// no semantic consumer reads (jbotci#719). Truth-conditional connector
+    /// content (the operator, and a truth table the operator does not already
+    /// determine) stays in default output.
+    ConnectorProvenance,
 }
 
 /// One typed object or field occurrence in canonical semantic-graph JSON.
@@ -265,6 +196,7 @@ pub const XML_DECLARED_WAIVERS: &[XmlWaiverFamily] = &[
     XmlWaiverFamily::QuantityText,
     XmlWaiverFamily::BoundVariableWord,
     XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel,
+    XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance,
 ];
 
 #[requires(path.starts_with("/objects/"))]
@@ -536,10 +468,19 @@ fn serialize_element_inline(node: &XmlElement, output: &mut String) {
     output.push('>');
 }
 
-#[requires(true)]
+/// Serialize the document, optionally preceded by one `<!-- ... -->` prolog
+/// comment. The comment carries the KEY teaching prose (jbotci#719: the former
+/// structured `<KEY><RULE TOPIC=...>` block is a single comment now). The text
+/// must be comment-safe: XML comments forbid `--` and a trailing `-`.
+#[requires(comment.is_none_or(|comment| !comment.contains("--") && !comment.ends_with('-')))]
 #[ensures(ret.ends_with('\n'))]
-pub(crate) fn serialize(root: &XmlElement) -> String {
+pub(crate) fn serialize(root: &XmlElement, comment: Option<&str>) -> String {
     let mut output = String::new();
+    if let Some(comment) = comment {
+        output.push_str("<!--\n");
+        output.push_str(comment);
+        output.push_str("\n-->\n");
+    }
     serialize_element(root, 0, &mut output);
     output.push('\n');
     output
@@ -636,6 +577,22 @@ fn enum_string(value: &str) -> String {
     enum_token(&Value::String(value.to_owned()))
 }
 
+/// The truth table a binary logical formula operator already determines, in
+/// the builder's row order (TT, TF, FT, FF), mirroring
+/// `generated_truth_table_for_formula_operator`. `None` for operators with no
+/// truth-functional reading: their recorded tables always render (jbotci#719).
+#[requires(true)]
+#[ensures(ret.is_none_or(|table| table.len() == 4))]
+fn canonical_truth_table(operator: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    match operator {
+        "and" => Some("TFFF"),
+        "or" => Some("TTTF"),
+        "iff" => Some("TFFT"),
+        "whetherOrNot" => Some("TTFF"),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
 #[requires(true)]
 #[ensures(!ret.is_empty())]
 fn predicate_symbol(value: &str) -> String {
@@ -1035,6 +992,11 @@ struct GraphData {
     subtype_pairs: Vec<(String, String)>,
     value_paths: HashMap<usize, String>,
     surface_paths: BTreeSet<XmlSurface>,
+    /// The tanru-projection report (jbotci#719): which objects the recognition
+    /// boundary consumed and their original JSON, so omission accounting can
+    /// classify every removed surface (projected structure vs waived
+    /// provenance). Empty when the graph has no tanru patterns.
+    projection: crate::notation::relation_expression::TanruProjection,
 }
 
 impl GraphData {
@@ -1056,6 +1018,14 @@ impl GraphData {
         };
         assert!(objects.contains_key(&root), "missing root object: {root:?}");
 
+        // jbotci#719: the recognition boundary. Proven tanru patterns become
+        // typed relation expressions on their head predications; the consumed
+        // head/link scaffolding is removed here so declaration planning,
+        // reference counting, and rendering all see the projected graph. The
+        // consumed objects' original JSON is kept for omission accounting.
+        let (objects, projection) =
+            crate::notation::relation_expression::project_tanru_compositions(&objects);
+
         let object_keys: HashSet<String> = objects.keys().cloned().collect();
         let order: HashMap<String, usize> = objects
             .keys()
@@ -1264,10 +1234,16 @@ impl GraphData {
         let scope_dependence_binder_universes: HashMap<String, BTreeSet<String>> = graph_object
             .remove("scopeDependenceBinderUniverses")
             .map(|value| {
-                serde_json::from_value(value)
+                serde_json::from_value::<HashMap<String, BTreeSet<String>>>(value)
                     .expect("scope-dependence binder universes must be string-set records")
             })
-            .unwrap_or_default();
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .into_iter()
+            // The universes are computed over the unprojected graph; tanru
+            // projection consumes exactly the objects it reports, so pruning to
+            // survivors keeps the exact-domain invariant below.
+            .filter(|(key, _)| objects.contains_key(key))
+            .collect();
         assert!(
             scope_dependence_binder_universes
                 .keys()
@@ -1288,6 +1264,36 @@ impl GraphData {
                 &mut surface_paths,
             );
         }
+        // Consumed tanru-scaffolding objects keep their surfaces in the
+        // inventory so omission accounting must classify each one explicitly
+        // (waived provenance or rendered-by-projection) instead of silently
+        // dropping them. Rewritten anchors keep only their vanished
+        // children/connector subtrees: the surviving fields dedupe against
+        // the rewritten formula's own surfaces.
+        let mut consumed_value_paths = HashMap::new();
+        for (key, value) in &projection.consumed_objects {
+            index_value_paths(
+                value,
+                &format!("/objects/{}", json_pointer_escape(key)),
+                &mut consumed_value_paths,
+                &mut surface_paths,
+            );
+        }
+        for (key, value) in &projection.rewritten_anchors {
+            let object = json_object(value);
+            for field in ["children", "connector"] {
+                if let Some(field_value) = object.get(field) {
+                    let field_path = format!("/objects/{}/{}", json_pointer_escape(key), field);
+                    surface_paths.insert(field_surface(field_path.clone()));
+                    index_value_paths(
+                        field_value,
+                        &field_path,
+                        &mut consumed_value_paths,
+                        &mut surface_paths,
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
         Self::from_data(data!(GraphData {
             root,
             objects,
@@ -1307,6 +1313,7 @@ impl GraphData {
             subtype_pairs,
             value_paths,
             surface_paths,
+            projection,
         }))
     }
 
@@ -2293,10 +2300,126 @@ impl RenderState {
     }
 
     #[requires(true)]
-    #[ensures(self.unaccounted_surfaces == graph.surface_paths)]
+    #[ensures(graph.projection.consumed_objects.keys().all(|key| !self.unaccounted_surfaces.contains(&object_surface(format!("/objects/{key}")))))]
     fn start_omission_accounting(&mut self, graph: &GraphData) {
         assert!(!self.planning, "accounting cannot begin during planning");
         self.unaccounted_surfaces.clone_from(&graph.surface_paths);
+        self.account_projected_consumption(graph);
+    }
+
+    /// Classify every surface the tanru projection consumed (jbotci#719):
+    /// provenance fields keep their waiver families (the omissions API is
+    /// unchanged — a consumed source record is still a source-record omission),
+    /// and everything else is rendered-by-projection, so it leaves the
+    /// unaccounted set with no omission at all.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn account_projected_consumption(&mut self, graph: &GraphData) {
+        if self.planning {
+            return;
+        }
+        for (key, value) in &graph.projection.consumed_objects {
+            let base = format!("/objects/{}", json_pointer_escape(key));
+            self.waive_consumed_provenance(&base, json_object(value));
+            assert!(
+                remove_surface_subtree(&mut self.unaccounted_surfaces, &object_surface(base.clone())),
+                "projected tanru object was already accounted: {base}"
+            );
+        }
+        // Rewritten anchors survive as the head atom, so their own surfaces
+        // render normally; only the vanished `children`/`connector` subtrees
+        // need classification (connector source/locus is waived provenance,
+        // the children list is rendered-by-projection).
+        for (key, value) in &graph.projection.rewritten_anchors {
+            let base = format!("/objects/{}", json_pointer_escape(key));
+            let object = json_object(value);
+            if let Some(connector) = object.get("connector").and_then(Value::as_object) {
+                for connector_field in ["source", "locus"] {
+                    if connector.contains_key(connector_field) {
+                        self.record_omission(
+                            XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance,
+                            field_surface(format!("{base}/connector/{connector_field}")),
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            for field in ["children", "connector"] {
+                if object.contains_key(field) {
+                    let surface = field_surface(format!("{base}/{field}"));
+                    assert!(
+                        remove_surface_subtree(&mut self.unaccounted_surfaces, &surface),
+                        "rewritten tanru anchor field was already accounted: {base}/{field}"
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Record waiver-family omissions for the provenance fields of one consumed
+    /// object; the caller sweeps the remaining (projected) surfaces afterwards.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn waive_consumed_provenance(&mut self, base: &str, object: &Map<String, Value>) {
+        for (field_name, value) in object {
+            let field_path = format!("{base}/{}", json_pointer_escape(field_name));
+            match field_name.as_str() {
+                "source" if is_source_record(value) => {
+                    self.record_omission(XmlWaiverFamily::SourceRecord, field_surface(field_path));
+                }
+                "introducedBy" => {
+                    self.record_omission(XmlWaiverFamily::IntroducedBy, field_surface(field_path));
+                }
+                "connector" => {
+                    for connector_field in json_object(value).keys() {
+                        if matches!(connector_field.as_str(), "source" | "locus") {
+                            self.record_omission(
+                                XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance,
+                                field_surface(format!(
+                                    "{field_path}/{}",
+                                    json_pointer_escape(connector_field)
+                                )),
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                "tanruLink" => {
+                    if json_object(value).contains_key("relationLabel") {
+                        self.record_omission(
+                            XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel,
+                            field_surface(format!("{field_path}/relationLabel")),
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+                "arguments" => {
+                    for (place, argument) in json_object(value) {
+                        if json_object(argument).contains_key("introducedBy") {
+                            self.record_omission(
+                                XmlWaiverFamily::IntroducedBy,
+                                field_surface(format!(
+                                    "{field_path}/{}/introducedBy",
+                                    json_pointer_escape(place)
+                                )),
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                "descriptor" => {
+                    // Mirror the renderer's descriptor rule: only the exact
+                    // elided-zo'e word is a mechanical omission; any other
+                    // descriptor word stays in the descriptor-word family.
+                    let descriptor = json_object(value);
+                    let mechanical = optional_string(descriptor, "kind") == Some("elided")
+                        && optional_string(descriptor, "word") == Some("zo'e");
+                    if !mechanical && descriptor.contains_key("word") {
+                        self.record_omission(
+                            XmlWaiverFamily::DescriptorWord,
+                            field_surface(format!("{field_path}/word")),
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     #[requires(true)]
@@ -3490,7 +3613,12 @@ impl RenderState {
                     .and_then(Value::as_object)
                     .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("nonlogical connection lacks connector"));
                 state.account_field(graph, connection, "connector");
-                rendered.push(state.render_connector(graph, connector));
+                let operator = string_field(connection, "operator");
+                let (attributes, children) = state.account_connector(graph, connector, operator);
+                for (name, value) in attributes {
+                    rendered.set(name, value);
+                }
+                rendered.extend(children);
                 rendered.extend(state.extras(graph, connection, &["operator", "connector"]));
                 semantic_entries.push(rendered);
                 handled.push("nonlogicalConnection");
@@ -3736,74 +3864,6 @@ impl RenderState {
     }
 }
 
-#[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(true)]
-fn counted(count: usize, noun: &str) -> String {
-    format!("{count} {noun}{}", if count == 1 { "" } else { "s" })
-}
-
-#[requires(true)]
-#[ensures(ret.iter().all(|message| !message.is_empty()))]
-fn waiver_messages(omissions: &[XmlOmission]) -> Vec<String> {
-    let count = |kind| {
-        omissions
-            .iter()
-            .filter(|omission| omission.waiver == Some(kind))
-            .count()
-    };
-    let mut messages = Vec::new();
-    let source = count(XmlWaiverFamily::SourceRecord);
-    if source > 0 {
-        messages.push(format!(
-            "*.source provenance ({}: spans, witness text, construct labels)",
-            counted(source, "record")
-        ));
-    }
-    let assigned = count(XmlWaiverFamily::AssignedNameRecord);
-    if assigned > 0 {
-        messages.push(format!(
-            "*.assignedNames provenance ({})",
-            counted(assigned, "record")
-        ));
-    }
-    let descriptor = count(XmlWaiverFamily::DescriptorWord);
-    if descriptor > 0 {
-        messages.push(format!(
-            "descriptor *.word provenance ({})",
-            counted(descriptor, "field")
-        ));
-    }
-    let introduced = count(XmlWaiverFamily::IntroducedBy);
-    if introduced > 0 {
-        messages.push(format!(
-            "*.introducedBy provenance ({})",
-            counted(introduced, "field")
-        ));
-    }
-    let quantity = count(XmlWaiverFamily::QuantityText);
-    if quantity > 0 {
-        messages.push(format!(
-            "quantity value text provenance ({})",
-            counted(quantity, "field")
-        ));
-    }
-    let bound = count(XmlWaiverFamily::BoundVariableWord);
-    if bound > 0 {
-        messages.push(format!(
-            "bound-variable surface word provenance ({})",
-            counted(bound, "field")
-        ));
-    }
-    let relation_labels = count(XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel);
-    if relation_labels > 0 {
-        messages.push(format!(
-            "kind-composition relation-label provenance ({})",
-            counted(relation_labels, "field")
-        ));
-    }
-    messages
-}
-
 #[requires(true)]
 #[ensures(ret.name == "INCOMPATIBILITY")]
 fn render_compact_incompatibility(reason: &CompactIncompatibility) -> XmlElement {
@@ -3937,18 +3997,6 @@ impl RenderState {
         (graph_root, unreachable)
     }
 
-    #[requires(true)]
-    #[ensures(ret.name == "WAIVERS")]
-    fn waivers_element(&self) -> XmlElement {
-        let mut waivers = XmlElement::new("WAIVERS");
-        for message in waiver_messages(&self.omissions) {
-            let mut waiver = XmlElement::new("WAIVER");
-            waiver.text = Some(message);
-            waivers.push(waiver);
-        }
-        waivers
-    }
-
     #[requires(true)]
     #[ensures(self.unaccounted_surfaces.is_empty())]
     fn finish_omission_accounting(&mut self) {
@@ -4163,38 +4211,21 @@ impl RenderState {
                 ("FORM", "TYPED-GRAPH"),
             ],
         );
-        let mut key = XmlElement::new("KEY");
-        for (topic, prose) in [
-            (
-                "form",
-                "FORM=TYPED-GRAPH is selected exactly when the semantic graph cannot be represented truthfully by the compact SFN prototype vocabulary. It is a typed XML projection of the semantic graph, not a reinterpretation.",
-            ),
-            (
-                "objects",
-                "Each OBJECT is defined once by its canonical graph KEY= and XML ID=. ROOT-REF=/ROOT-KEY= identify the graph root. REFERENCE points to the exact shared object and never clones it.",
-            ),
-            (
-                "fields",
-                "Every non-waived semantic object and field occurrence is represented as typed OBJECT, FIELD, RECORD, LIST, ITEM, REFERENCE, STRING, NUMBER, BOOLEAN, or NULL structure. Child order follows canonical semantic JSON order.",
-            ),
-            (
-                "elided-zohe",
-                "A descriptor word is mechanically omitted only when descriptor KIND is elided and the value is exactly zo'e; every other descriptor word omission is reported by the existing descriptor-word waiver family.",
-            ),
-        ] {
-            let mut rule = XmlElement::with_attributes("RULE", [("TOPIC", topic)]);
-            rule.text = Some(prose.to_owned());
-            key.push(rule);
-        }
+        let comment = [
+            "SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.",
+            "FORM=TYPED-GRAPH is selected exactly when the semantic graph cannot be represented truthfully by the compact SFN prototype vocabulary. It is a typed XML projection of the semantic graph, not a reinterpretation.",
+            "Each OBJECT is defined once by its canonical graph KEY= and XML ID=. ROOT-REF=/ROOT-KEY= identify the graph root. REFERENCE points to the exact shared object and never clones it.",
+            "Every non-waived semantic object and field occurrence is represented as typed OBJECT, FIELD, RECORD, LIST, ITEM, REFERENCE, STRING, NUMBER, BOOLEAN, or NULL structure. Child order follows canonical semantic JSON order.",
+            "A descriptor word is mechanically omitted only when descriptor KIND is elided and the value is exactly zo'e; every other descriptor word omission is reported by the existing descriptor-word waiver family.",
+        ]
+        .join("\n\n");
         let mut reasons = XmlElement::new("COMPACT-INCOMPATIBILITIES");
         for reason in incompatibilities {
             reasons.push(render_compact_incompatibility(reason));
         }
-        key.push(reasons);
-        root.push(key);
-        root.push(self.waivers_element());
+        root.push(reasons);
         root.push(typed_graph);
-        serialize(&root)
+        serialize(&root, Some(&comment))
     }
 
     #[requires(true)]
@@ -4223,12 +4254,6 @@ impl RenderState {
 
         let mut root =
             XmlElement::with_attributes("SFN", [("VERSION", "0"), ("DOC", document_name)]);
-        let mut key = XmlElement::new("KEY");
-        for (topic, prose) in KEY_RULES_BEFORE_SORTS {
-            let mut rule = XmlElement::with_attributes("RULE", [("TOPIC", *topic)]);
-            rule.text = Some((*prose).to_owned());
-            key.push(rule);
-        }
         let facts = if graph.subtype_pairs.is_empty() {
             "none".to_owned()
         } else {
@@ -4239,34 +4264,28 @@ impl RenderState {
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                 .join("; ")
         };
-        let mut sorts = XmlElement::with_attributes("RULE", [("TOPIC", "sorts")]);
-        sorts.text = Some(format!(
+        let sorts = format!(
             "SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: {facts}. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=."
-        ));
-        key.push(sorts);
-        for (topic, prose) in KEY_RULES_AFTER_SORTS {
-            let mut rule = XmlElement::with_attributes("RULE", [("TOPIC", *topic)]);
-            rule.text = Some((*prose).to_owned());
-            key.push(rule);
-        }
+        );
+        let mut paragraphs: Vec<&str> = vec![
+            "SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.",
+        ];
+        paragraphs.extend(KEY_RULES_BEFORE_SORTS);
+        paragraphs.push(&sorts);
+        paragraphs.extend(KEY_RULES_AFTER_SORTS);
         if word_cards.is_some() {
-            for (topic, prose) in KEY_RULES_WORD_CARDS {
-                let mut rule = XmlElement::with_attributes("RULE", [("TOPIC", *topic)]);
-                rule.text = Some((*prose).to_owned());
-                key.push(rule);
-            }
+            paragraphs.extend(KEY_RULES_WORD_CARDS);
         }
-        root.push(key);
+        let comment = paragraphs.join("\n\n");
         if let Some(cards) = word_cards {
             root.push(words_section(cards));
         }
-        root.push(self.waivers_element());
         Self::append_defs(&mut root, document_declarations);
         root.push(graph_root);
         if let Some(rendered) = unreachable {
             root.push(rendered);
         }
-        serialize(&root)
+        serialize(&root, Some(&comment))
     }
 }
 
@@ -4406,6 +4425,18 @@ pub fn render_xml(graph: &SemanticGraph, document_name: &str) -> XmlRender {
     render_xml_graph_with_state(graph, document_name, RenderState::new(), None)
 }
 
+/// Tooling seam for corpus regeneration after an intentional output-shape
+/// change (jbotci#719): render an already-serialized canonical graph `Value`
+/// exactly as the in-crate corpus tests do (the corpus pins the canonical
+/// JSON directly, so no `SemanticGraph` roundtrip exists for it). Not
+/// product API.
+#[doc(hidden)]
+#[requires(!document_name.is_empty())]
+#[ensures(ret.output.ends_with('\n'))]
+pub fn render_xml_value_for_tooling(graph: Value, document_name: &str) -> XmlRender {
+    render_xml_value(graph, document_name)
+}
+
 /// Render a semantic graph as canonical SFN-XML with a structured `<WORDS>`
 /// word-card section (#709): the KEY gains the word-card rules and the WORDS
 /// section follows it (before WAIVERS), ahead of the body. With cards present,
@@ -5308,6 +5339,20 @@ mod tests {
                             surface: field_surface(field_path.clone()),
                         }));
                     }
+                    if field == "connector"
+                        && let Some(connector) = item.as_object()
+                    {
+                        for connector_field in ["source", "locus"] {
+                            if connector.contains_key(connector_field) {
+                                output.insert(new!(XmlOmission {
+                                    waiver: Some(XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance),
+                                    surface: field_surface(format!(
+                                        "{field_path}/{connector_field}"
+                                    )),
+                                }));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
                     if composition_link && field == "relationLabel" {
                         output.insert(new!(XmlOmission {
                             waiver: Some(XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel),
@@ -5362,32 +5407,33 @@ mod tests {
         let with_cards = with_cards.output.as_str();
         let without_cards = without_cards.output.as_str();
 
-        // Placement: WORDS sits between KEY and WAIVERS.
+        // #719: the KEY is a single comment before the root element; WORDS is
+        // the first child of the root when cards are present.
         assert!(
-            with_cards.contains("</KEY>\n  <WORDS>\n"),
-            "WORDS must immediately follow KEY: {}",
-            &with_cards[..with_cards.find("<WAIVERS").expect("WAIVERS")]
+            with_cards.starts_with("<!--\n"),
+            "document must open with the KEY comment"
         );
         assert!(
-            with_cards.contains("</WORDS>\n  <WAIVERS"),
-            "WAIVERS must immediately follow WORDS"
+            with_cards.contains("\n<SFN VERSION=\"0\" DOC=\"b13\">\n  <WORDS>\n"),
+            "WORDS must be the first child of the root"
         );
-        // The word-card KEY rules exist exactly when the section does.
-        for topic in [
-            "word-cards",
-            "compound-approximation",
-            "compound-places",
-            "compound-assumptions",
-            "context-placeholders",
-            "word-card-ids",
+        assert!(!with_cards.contains("<KEY>") && !with_cards.contains("<WAIVERS>"));
+        // The word-card KEY paragraphs exist exactly when the section does.
+        for paragraph_marker in [
+            "WORDS lists one WORD card per content word",
+            "COMPOSITE-APPROX shows the mechanical composition",
+            "PLACES=\"UNKNOWN\" means the composition tree",
+            "cards state ASSUMED-LEFT",
+            "VARIABLE-CONTEXT denotes the abstract role",
+            "WORD ID values are surface-spelling card keys",
         ] {
             assert!(
-                with_cards.contains(&format!("<RULE TOPIC=\"{topic}\">")),
-                "missing KEY rule {topic}"
+                with_cards.contains(paragraph_marker),
+                "missing KEY comment paragraph: {paragraph_marker}"
             );
             assert!(
-                !without_cards.contains(&format!("<RULE TOPIC=\"{topic}\">")),
-                "card-less document must not carry KEY rule {topic}"
+                !without_cards.contains(paragraph_marker),
+                "card-less document must not carry the paragraph: {paragraph_marker}"
             );
         }
         assert!(!without_cards.contains("<WORDS>"));
@@ -5396,8 +5442,10 @@ mod tests {
             .split_once("</WORDS>")
             .expect("WORDS section")
             .1;
-        let without_body = without_cards.split_once("</KEY>").expect("KEY").1;
-        assert_eq!(with_body, without_body);
+        let without_body = without_cards
+            .split_once("\n  <DEFS>")
+            .expect("DEFS after comment");
+        assert_eq!(with_body, format!("\n  <DEFS>{}", without_body.1));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -5430,11 +5478,11 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(actual, expected);
         assert_eq!(
             aggregate_hash("frozen.json"),
-            "69ea08a65aba19049f65070b9eb045361834ddfbd2773da972c047be325381b3"
+            "3f5171701f45523f70a97faad8a8b86c6a96c4c98a22dffccc05d7e210d12218"
         );
         assert_eq!(
             aggregate_hash("xml.txt"),
-            "8054b126268d07532363b576a1a5e27c5c4eb446aa4370b0a020284b159e5220"
+            "38e85d26ba63780c33a90ea99c9d427e3e37d6364a0cb4813f4d21615645199c"
         );
         let binder_universe_bytes = include_bytes!("../../tests/xml_corpus/BINDER_UNIVERSES.json");
         assert_eq!(
@@ -5628,7 +5676,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(content_abstraction.contains("<EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS>"));
         assert_eq!(
             format!("{:x}", Sha256::digest(content_abstraction.as_bytes())),
-            "0865509d9b4344749b7d99024915839d4f3c609bcde4b6772919f72372cb8b75"
+            "6080365adb356f04598f6ca705d67da4b2f8ae4d338de20abdb1f034cf5109e3"
         );
 
         let mut direct_question = graph("b58");
@@ -5650,7 +5698,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_no_compact_generic_fallback(&direct_question, "<direct-question-witness>");
         assert_eq!(
             format!("{:x}", Sha256::digest(direct_question.as_bytes())),
-            "cabd9f5c468c4d4645f76099b0ad10e5f7cc56d00c81ee99432bd0809a5431a5"
+            "fb17cdc0c93972c82b1e641e528545af881ff5f3f9995a01bafecfa34f40d99c"
         );
 
         let mut shared = graph("b58");
@@ -5676,7 +5724,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(shared.matches("<EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS>").count(), 1);
         assert_eq!(
             format!("{:x}", Sha256::digest(shared.as_bytes())),
-            "bbeef899f72757dc5a012eadaf4e5d4c791fc2e23c38babb9787d36ea3e8c71e"
+            "5aeb6ad72a98c5cb2c6558b1a71e90a5bdc7306321e9886d9e81bc5bfd53a8e7"
         );
         let content = shared
             .split_once("<CONTENT>")
@@ -5752,7 +5800,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_no_compact_generic_fallback(&orphan, "<orphan>");
         assert_eq!(
             format!("{:x}", Sha256::digest(orphan.as_bytes())),
-            "c028d711d3b6d636ca8905d9161e59b3b89809f897a986fa2672bc38b85bbb8a"
+            "ab0ba51a6930df1f4a7bf548471a241fdc9df4d36d29e4376d3690fd10f408fd"
         );
     }
 
@@ -5762,13 +5810,17 @@ mod tests {
     fn kind_composition_is_first_class_nested_and_provenance_free() {
         let rendered = render_xml_value(graph("b39"), "b39");
         assert!(!rendered.output.contains("FORM=\"TYPED-GRAPH\""));
+        // jbotci#719: the tanru projects as one predication with a nested
+        // KIND-COMPOSITION relation expression in the relation slot.
         assert_eq!(rendered.output.matches("<KIND-COMPOSITION>").count(), 2);
         assert!(rendered.output.contains(
-            "<KIND-COMPOSITION>\n                                              <KIND REF=\"p15\"/>\n                                              <MODIFIER REF=\"r22\"/>"
+            "<KIND-COMPOSITION>\n                        <KIND PREDICATE=\"prenu\"/>\n                        <MODIFIER>"
         ));
         assert!(rendered.output.contains(
-            "<KIND-COMPOSITION>\n                              <KIND REF=\"p8\"/>\n                              <MODIFIER REF=\"r26\"/>"
+            "<KIND-COMPOSITION>\n                              <KIND PREDICATE=\"bajra\"/>\n                              <MODIFIER PREDICATE=\"sutra\"/>"
         ));
+        assert!(!rendered.output.contains("PREDICATE=\"tanru\""));
+        assert!(!rendered.output.contains("<CONNECTOR"));
         assert!(!rendered.output.contains("TANRU-LINK"));
         assert!(!rendered.output.contains("<RELATION-LABEL"));
         assert!(!rendered.output.contains("FIELD NAME=\"tanruLink\""));
@@ -5840,6 +5892,7 @@ mod tests {
                 XmlWaiverFamily::QuantityText,
                 XmlWaiverFamily::BoundVariableWord,
                 XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel,
+                XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance,
             ]
         );
         let mut counts: BTreeMap<XmlWaiverFamily, usize> = BTreeMap::new();
@@ -5849,10 +5902,13 @@ mod tests {
             let expected = declared_waiver_occurrences(&graph);
             let rendered = render_xml_value(graph, document);
             let actual: BTreeSet<XmlOmission> = rendered.omissions.iter().cloned().collect();
-            assert_eq!(
-                actual, expected,
-                "{document}: observed omissions differ from independently expanded waivers"
-            );
+            if actual != expected {
+                let missing: Vec<_> = expected.difference(&actual).collect();
+                let extra: Vec<_> = actual.difference(&expected).collect();
+                panic!(
+                    "{document}: observed omissions differ from independently expanded waivers:\nmissing: {missing:#?}\nextra: {extra:#?}"
+                );
+            }
             assert_eq!(
                 actual.len(),
                 rendered.omissions.len(),
@@ -5884,9 +5940,10 @@ mod tests {
                 (XmlWaiverFamily::QuantityText, 11),
                 (XmlWaiverFamily::BoundVariableWord, 9),
                 (XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel, 5),
+                (XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance, 16),
             ])
         );
-        assert_eq!(counts.values().sum::<usize>(), 941);
+        assert_eq!(counts.values().sum::<usize>(), 957);
         assert_eq!(
             documents
                 .into_iter()
@@ -5900,6 +5957,7 @@ mod tests {
                 (XmlWaiverFamily::QuantityText, 7),
                 (XmlWaiverFamily::BoundVariableWord, 6),
                 (XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel, 3),
+                (XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance, 6),
             ])
         );
     }
@@ -7402,33 +7460,55 @@ impl RenderState {
         result
     }
 
+    /// Account one connector record without rendering a CONNECTOR element
+    /// (jbotci#719): the surface word and the grammatical locus are
+    /// provenance-class and join the connector-provenance waiver family; a
+    /// truth table the parent operator does not already determine renders as a
+    /// TRUTH-TABLE= attribute; a connective question's bound parameter renders
+    /// as a PARAMETER child. Returns the attributes and children to attach to
+    /// the parent element where the CONNECTOR element used to sit.
     #[requires(true)]
-    #[ensures(ret.name == "CONNECTOR")]
-    fn render_connector(&mut self, graph: &GraphData, value: &Map<String, Value>) -> XmlElement {
-        let mut result = XmlElement::new("CONNECTOR");
-        let mut handled = Vec::new();
-        if let Some(source) = value.get("source") {
-            self.account_field(graph, value, "source");
-            result.set("SOURCE-WORD", scalar_string(source));
-            handled.push("source");
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn account_connector(
+        &mut self,
+        graph: &GraphData,
+        connector: &Map<String, Value>,
+        operator: &str,
+    ) -> (Vec<(String, String)>, Vec<XmlElement>) {
+        self.account_object(graph, connector);
+        for field in ["source", "locus"] {
+            if connector.contains_key(field) {
+                self.record_field_omission(
+                    graph,
+                    connector,
+                    field,
+                    XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance,
+                );
+            }
         }
-        for field in ["locus", "truthTable"] {
-            if let Some(field_value) = value.get(field) {
-                self.account_field(graph, value, field);
-                result.push(Self::scalar(
-                    &enum_string(field).replace('_', "-"),
-                    field_value,
-                ));
-                handled.push(field);
+        let mut attributes = Vec::new();
+        if let Some(truth_table) = optional_string(connector, "truthTable") {
+            self.account_field(graph, connector, "truthTable");
+            if canonical_truth_table(operator) != Some(truth_table) {
+                attributes.push(("TRUTH-TABLE".to_owned(), truth_table.to_owned()));
             }
         }
-        if let Some(parameter) = optional_string(value, "parameter") {
-            self.account_field(graph, value, "parameter");
-            result.push(self.wrap_pointer(graph, "PARAMETER", parameter, Vec::new()));
-            handled.push("parameter");
+        if let Some(parameter) = optional_string(connector, "parameter") {
+            self.account_field(graph, connector, "parameter");
+            // A connective question's bound parameter is an attribute use of
+            // an already-defined parameter object (jbotci#719: the PARAMETER
+            // element spelling would collide with the parameter object
+            // element in the schema's content models).
+            let id = self.pointer_id(graph, parameter, "connective question parameter");
+            attributes.push(("PARAMETER".to_owned(), id));
         }
-        result.extend(self.extras(graph, value, &handled));
-        result
+        let mut children = Vec::new();
+        children.extend(self.extras(
+            graph,
+            connector,
+            &["source", "locus", "truthTable", "parameter"],
+        ));
+        (attributes, children)
     }
 
     #[requires(true)]
@@ -8361,6 +8441,207 @@ impl RenderState {
         result
     }
 
+    /// Render the tanru-link sidecar of an unprojected tanru-link predication
+    /// (the loud fallback form): a KIND-COMPOSITION of pointer wrappers to the
+    /// head predication and the modifier relation, occupying the predication's
+    /// relation slot (jbotci#719).
+    #[requires(object.contains_key("tanruLink"))]
+    #[ensures(ret.name == "KIND-COMPOSITION")]
+    fn render_tanru_link_sidecar(
+        &mut self,
+        graph: &GraphData,
+        object: &Map<String, Value>,
+    ) -> XmlElement {
+        let link = json_object(&object["tanruLink"]);
+        self.account_field(graph, object, "tanruLink");
+        let mut composition = XmlElement::new("KIND-COMPOSITION");
+        let head = string_field(link, "head");
+        self.account_field(graph, link, "head");
+        composition.push(self.wrap_pointer(graph, "KIND", head, Vec::new()));
+        let modifier = string_field(link, "modifier");
+        self.account_field(graph, link, "modifier");
+        composition.push(self.wrap_pointer(graph, "MODIFIER", modifier, Vec::new()));
+        if link.contains_key("relationLabel") {
+            self.record_field_omission(
+                graph,
+                link,
+                "relationLabel",
+                XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel,
+            );
+        }
+        composition.extend(self.extras(graph, link, &["head", "modifier", "relationLabel"]));
+        composition
+    }
+
+    /// Render the typed relation-expression view of a projected tanru
+    /// predication (jbotci#719): a KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot.
+    /// `host_predicate` is the enclosing predication's own relation, rendered
+    /// as the PREDICATE= of `host` operands.
+    #[requires(view.contains_key("kind") && view.contains_key("modifier"))]
+    #[ensures(ret.name == "KIND-COMPOSITION")]
+    fn render_relation_composition(
+        &mut self,
+        graph: &GraphData,
+        view: &Map<String, Value>,
+        host_predicate: &str,
+    ) -> XmlElement {
+        let mut result = XmlElement::new("KIND-COMPOSITION");
+        if view.get("grouping").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some("explicit") {
+            result.set("GROUPING", "EXPLICIT");
+        }
+        result.push(self.render_relation_operand(
+            graph,
+            "KIND",
+            json_object(&view["kind"]),
+            Some(host_predicate),
+        ));
+        result.push(self.render_relation_operand(
+            graph,
+            "MODIFIER",
+            json_object(&view["modifier"]),
+            None,
+        ));
+        result
+    }
+
+    /// Render one operand of a relation composition under `tag` (KIND,
+    /// MODIFIER, or RELATION inside a relation-level CONNECTIVE).
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(ret.name == tag)]
+    fn render_relation_operand(
+        &mut self,
+        graph: &GraphData,
+        tag: &str,
+        operand: &Map<String, Value>,
+        host_predicate: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> XmlElement {
+        match optional_string(operand, "type") {
+            Some("host") => {
+                let mut result = XmlElement::new(tag);
+                result.set(
+                    "PREDICATE",
+                    predicate_symbol(
+                        host_predicate.expect("host operand requires the predication relation"),
+                    ),
+                );
+                Self::set_participant_place(&mut result, operand);
+                result
+            }
+            Some("lexical") => self.render_relation_lexical(graph, tag, operand),
+            Some("kindComposition") => {
+                let mut result = XmlElement::new(tag);
+                let mut body = XmlElement::new("BODY");
+                body.push(self.render_relation_composition(
+                    graph,
+                    operand,
+                    host_predicate.unwrap_or_default(),
+                ));
+                result.push(body);
+                result
+            }
+            Some("connective") => {
+                let operator = optional_string(operand, "operator")
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("relation connective lacks an operator"));
+                let mut connective =
+                    XmlElement::with_attributes("CONNECTIVE", [("OPERATOR", enum_string(operator))]);
+                for leaf in operand
+                    .get("operands")
+                    .and_then(Value::as_array)
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("relation connective lacks operands"))
+                {
+                    connective.push(self.render_relation_operand(
+                        graph,
+                        "RELATION",
+                        json_object(leaf),
+                        None,
+                    ));
+                }
+                let mut result = XmlElement::new(tag);
+                let mut body = XmlElement::new("BODY");
+                body.push(connective);
+                result.push(body);
+                result
+            }
+            Some("reference") => {
+                let relation = optional_string(operand, "relation")
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("relation reference operand lacks a target"));
+                let rendered = self.render_pointer(graph, relation);
+                let mut result = XmlElement::new(tag);
+                if Self::is_reference(&rendered) {
+                    result.set("REF", rendered.attributes[0].1.clone());
+                } else {
+                    let mut body = XmlElement::new("BODY");
+                    body.push(rendered);
+                    result.push(body);
+                }
+                result
+            }
+            other => panic!("unknown relation operand kind: {other:?}"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Render a compact lexical relation leaf: PREDICATE= plus an optional
+    /// PARTICIPANT-PLACE= (default 1) and fixed non-participant ARGs.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(ret.name == tag)]
+    fn render_relation_lexical(
+        &mut self,
+        graph: &GraphData,
+        tag: &str,
+        operand: &Map<String, Value>,
+    ) -> XmlElement {
+        let mut result = XmlElement::new(tag);
+        result.set(
+            "PREDICATE",
+            predicate_symbol(
+                optional_string(operand, "predicate")
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("lexical relation leaf lacks a predicate")),
+            ),
+        );
+        Self::set_participant_place(&mut result, operand);
+        if let Some(fixed) = operand.get("fixedArguments").and_then(Value::as_object) {
+            let mut places: Vec<(&String, &str)> = fixed
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(place, target)| {
+                    (
+                        place,
+                        target.as_str().unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                            panic!("fixed relation argument target must be an id")
+                        }),
+                    )
+                })
+                .collect();
+            places.sort_by_key(|(place, _)| {
+                place
+                    .parse::<usize>()
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|_| panic!("fixed relation argument place must be numeric"))
+            });
+            for (place, target) in places {
+                result.push(self.wrap_pointer(
+                    graph,
+                    "ARG",
+                    target,
+                    vec![("INDEX", place.clone())],
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        result
+    }
+
+    /// PARTICIPANT-PLACE= is stated exactly when the composition participant
+    /// fills a lexical place other than the first.
+    #[requires(true)]
+    #[ensures(true)]
+    fn set_participant_place(result: &mut XmlElement, operand: &Map<String, Value>) {
+        let place = operand
+            .get("participantPlace")
+            .and_then(Value::as_u64)
+            .unwrap_or(1);
+        if place != 1 {
+            result.set("PARTICIPANT-PLACE", place.to_string());
+        }
+    }
+
     #[requires(true)]
     #[ensures(ret.name == "PREDICATION")]
     fn render_predication(
@@ -8379,13 +8660,31 @@ impl RenderState {
             "mode",
         ]);
         let mut result = XmlElement::new("PREDICATION");
-        let relation_value = if let Some(relation) = optional_string(object, "relation") {
+        let relation_value = if let Some(view) =
+            object.get("relationExpression").and_then(Value::as_object)
+        {
+            // A projected tanru (#719): the relation slot carries the composite
+            // predicate expression; the predication's own `relation` renders as
+            // the host KIND leaf's PREDICATE= rather than on the element.
+            self.account_field_tree(graph, object, "relationExpression");
+            handled.push("relationExpression");
+            let host_predicate = optional_string(object, "relation")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("projected predication lacks its host relation"));
+            self.account_field(graph, object, "relation");
+            Some(self.render_relation_composition(graph, view, host_predicate))
+        } else if let Some(relation) = optional_string(object, "relation") {
             self.account_field(graph, object, "relation");
             result.set("PREDICATE", predicate_symbol(relation));
             None
         } else if let Some(parameter) = optional_string(object, "relationParameter") {
             self.account_field(graph, object, "relationParameter");
             Some(self.wrap_pointer(graph, "RELATION", parameter, Vec::new()))
+        } else if object.contains_key("tanruLink") {
+            // An unprojected tanru-link predication (the recognition guards
+            // rejected the compact form): no PREDICATE= — the KIND-COMPOSITION
+            // sidecar occupies the relation slot and carries the meaning.
+            handled.push("tanruLink");
+            Some(self.render_tanru_link_sidecar(graph, object))
         } else {
             Some(XmlElement::new("MISSING-RELATION"))
         };
@@ -8448,28 +8747,6 @@ impl RenderState {
             handled.push("placeQuestions");
         }
 
-        if let Some(link) = object.get("tanruLink").and_then(Value::as_object) {
-            self.account_field(graph, object, "tanruLink");
-            let mut composition = XmlElement::new("KIND-COMPOSITION");
-            let head = string_field(link, "head");
-            self.account_field(graph, link, "head");
-            composition.push(self.wrap_pointer(graph, "KIND", head, Vec::new()));
-            let modifier = string_field(link, "modifier");
-            self.account_field(graph, link, "modifier");
-            composition.push(self.wrap_pointer(graph, "MODIFIER", modifier, Vec::new()));
-            if link.contains_key("relationLabel") {
-                self.record_field_omission(
-                    graph,
-                    link,
-                    "relationLabel",
-                    XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel,
-                );
-            }
-            composition.extend(self.extras(graph, link, &["head", "modifier", "relationLabel"]));
-            result.push(composition);
-            handled.push("tanruLink");
-        }
-
         let mut metadata = XmlElement::new("META");
         if let Some(relation_metadata) = optional_string(object, "relationMetadata") {
             if self.word_cards_present {
@@ -8603,6 +8880,7 @@ impl RenderState {
         );
         self.bound_variable_stack.push(variable.to_owned());
         let scope = vec!["quantifier-body".to_owned(), key.to_owned()];
+        let mut connector_parts = None;
         let (declarations, content) = self.scoped_parts(graph, scope, |state, graph| {
             let mut handled = Vec::from(["type", "operator", "boundEventualities", "variable"]);
             let mut content: HashMap<&str, XmlElement> = HashMap::new();
@@ -8645,7 +8923,7 @@ impl RenderState {
             }
             if let Some(connector) = object.get("connector").and_then(Value::as_object) {
                 state.account_field(graph, object, "connector");
-                content.insert("connector", state.render_connector(graph, connector));
+                connector_parts = Some(state.account_connector(graph, connector, operator));
                 handled.push("connector");
             }
             let mut extras = XmlElement::new("EXTRAS");
@@ -8688,10 +8966,14 @@ impl RenderState {
         {
             result.push(quantity);
         }
-        for field in ["domainImport", "connector"] {
-            if let Some(value) = content.remove(field) {
-                result.push(value);
+        if let Some(value) = content.remove("domainImport") {
+            result.push(value);
+        }
+        if let Some((attributes, children)) = connector_parts {
+            for (name, value) in attributes {
+                result.set(name, value);
             }
+            result.extend(children);
         }
         if let Some(extras) = content.remove("extras") {
             result.extend(extras.children);
@@ -8772,17 +9054,24 @@ impl RenderState {
                     handled.push("domainImport");
                 }
             }
-            let mut post = Vec::new();
+            let mut connector_parts = None;
             if let Some(connector) = object.get("connector").and_then(Value::as_object) {
                 state.account_field(graph, object, "connector");
-                post.push(state.render_connector(graph, connector));
+                connector_parts = Some(state.account_connector(graph, connector, operator));
                 handled.push("connector");
             }
             let extras = state.extras(graph, object, &handled);
-            (operands, post, extras)
+            (operands, connector_parts, extras)
         });
-        let (operands, post, extras) = parts;
-        if operator == "atom" && declarations.is_empty() && post.is_empty() && extras.is_empty() {
+        let (operands, connector_parts, extras) = parts;
+        let (connector_attributes, connector_children) =
+            connector_parts.unwrap_or_default();
+        let connector_rendered = !connector_attributes.is_empty() || !connector_children.is_empty();
+        if operator == "atom"
+            && declarations.is_empty()
+            && !connector_rendered
+            && extras.is_empty()
+        {
             assert_eq!(operands.len(), 1, "atom formula has invalid operand count");
             return operands.into_iter().next().expect("one operand");
         }
@@ -8796,17 +9085,22 @@ impl RenderState {
         };
         Self::append_defs(&mut core, declarations);
         core.extend(operands);
-        if post.is_empty() && extras.is_empty() {
+        // Connector content attaches to the connective element itself now that
+        // the CONNECTOR wrapper is gone (#719): TRUTH-TABLE= and PARAMETER=
+        // attributes; only unknown extra fields still force a FORMULA wrapper.
+        for (name, value) in connector_attributes {
+            core.set(name, value);
+        }
+        core.extend(connector_children);
+        if extras.is_empty() {
             return core;
         }
         if core.name == "FORMULA" {
-            core.extend(post);
             core.extend(extras);
             return core;
         }
         let mut wrapper = XmlElement::new("FORMULA");
         wrapper.push(core);
-        wrapper.extend(post);
         wrapper.extend(extras);
         wrapper
     }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml_words.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml_words.rs
index 2d8ff0d1e2..27a91a7a1b 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml_words.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml_words.rs
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[ensures(ret.starts_with("<WORDS>\n"))]
     #[ensures(ret.ends_with("</WORDS>\n"))]
     fn words_xml_for(text: &str) -> String {
-        serialize(&words_section(&cards_for(text)))
+        serialize(&words_section(&cards_for(text)), None)
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/completeness.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/completeness.rs
index 7a75ce23df..6dc9826307 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/completeness.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/completeness.rs
@@ -592,9 +592,13 @@ fn provenance_is_type_based() {
         "provenance policy disagrees with the type graph:\n{}",
         mismatches.join("\n")
     );
-    // The load-bearing distinction: Connector.source is a lexical String, not
-    // provenance — so it is NOT in the source-link set.
-    assert_eq!(graph.field_type("Connector", "source"), Some("String"));
+    // The load-bearing distinction: Connector.source is a typed ConnectorSource
+    // (surface word vs implicit juxtaposition), not SemanticSource provenance —
+    // so it is NOT in the source-link set.
+    assert_eq!(
+        graph.field_type("Connector", "source"),
+        Some("ConnectorSource")
+    );
     assert!(!links.contains(&"Connector"));
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/PROVENANCE.md b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/PROVENANCE.md
index b0b47b8169..6a677603b0 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/PROVENANCE.md
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/PROVENANCE.md
@@ -145,6 +145,24 @@ Regenerate both fixture sets by re-running the oracle over the
 --provenance`); then update the two aggregate hashes pinned in
 `tests/smusni_parity.rs` and the `FREEZE-PHASE-B.md` amendment in lockstep.
 
+**jbotci#719 departure (owner ruling 2026-08-01):** the fixtures are no
+longer oracle-produced bytes. The owner ruled that connector surface words
+and loci are provenance-class (CONNECTIVE SOURCE/LOCUS leave the default
+output and render only under the provenance opt-in, where LOCUS now uses
+English names), truth tables render only when the operator does not already
+determine them, the fake `RELATION: tanru` name is gone (composition
+predications carry no RELATION line; the TANRU LINK record stays), and the
+`WAIVED { }` bookkeeping block left model-facing output. The frozen JSON
+graphs were migrated mechanically by `scripts/migrate_issue_719_json.py`
+(typed connector source, English locus, fake relation dropped — every
+document rebuilds byte-exactly from its `.lojban` through the product
+pipeline), and both fixture sets were regenerated from the product pipeline
+by `examples/regen_goldens.rs smusni` under the mechanical-diff proof of
+`scripts/verify_issue_719_output_migration.py`; the aggregate hash pins in
+`tests/smusni_parity.rs` were updated to the new sets. Byte-parity with the
+research oracle is deliberately suspended at this point until the oracle
+catches up or a new amendment re-baselines it.
+
 `hostile-quote.*` is a **separate** regression fixture (not in `CORPUS_DOCS`, and
 excluded from the corpus/aggregate hashes): a `zoi` quotation whose text carries
 notation metacharacters (`{ ( ; } )`), guarding the dense-flatten hardening
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.frozen.json
index c0af330404..f57ebfb0ca 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.frozen.json
@@ -220,8 +220,11 @@
     "formula:23"
    ],
    "connector": {
-    "source": "gi'e",
-    "locus": "bridiTail",
+    "source": {
+     "kind": "surfaceWord",
+     "word": "gi'e"
+    },
+    "locus": "predicatePhrase",
     "truthTable": "TFFF"
    },
    "source": {
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.smusni-prov.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.smusni-prov.txt
index 0b3bb4b182..a927e89002 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.smusni-prov.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.smusni-prov.txt
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     FORMULA f16 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p15; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..8; TEXT: "prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f19 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p18; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 12..17; TEXT: "lebna"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-tail-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f23 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p22; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r20; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 32..37; TEXT: "tcidu"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-tail-formula"; } }
-    FORMULA f24 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f19; f23; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: gi'e; TRUTH TABLE: T F F F; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 0..40; TEXT: "lo prenu cu lebna lo cukta gi'e tcidu ri"; CONSTRUCT: "compound-bridi-formula"; } }
+    FORMULA f24 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f19; f23; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: gi'e; LOCUS: PREDICATE PHRASE; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 0..40; TEXT: "lo prenu cu lebna lo cukta gi'e tcidu ri"; CONSTRUCT: "compound-bridi-formula"; } }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
     REFERENCE r2 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: AUDIENCE; }
     REFERENCE r4 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: HERE; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.smusni.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.smusni.txt
index cafa4e81db..0abbfbebbc 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.smusni.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b21.smusni.txt
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     FORMULA f16 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p15; }
     FORMULA f19 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p18; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } }
     FORMULA f23 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p22; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r20; } }
-    FORMULA f24 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f19; f23; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: gi'e; TRUTH TABLE: T F F F; }
+    FORMULA f24 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f19; f23; ) }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
     REFERENCE r2 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: AUDIENCE; }
     REFERENCE r4 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: HERE; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.frozen.json
index 43e457b8dd..22e7a1ef86 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.frozen.json
@@ -134,8 +134,11 @@
     "formula:16"
    ],
    "connector": {
-    "source": "ga nai gi",
-    "locus": "bridi",
+    "source": {
+     "kind": "surfaceWord",
+     "word": "ga nai gi"
+    },
+    "locus": "clause",
     "truthTable": "TFTT"
    }
   },
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.smusni-prov.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.smusni-prov.txt
index c8aaa5d355..7d814a775a 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.smusni-prov.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.smusni-prov.txt
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     FORMULA f12 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p11; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 6..14; TEXT: "do klama"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f16 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p15; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r13; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 18..26; TEXT: "mi gleki"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f17 IS ¬ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f12; ) }
-    FORMULA f18 IS ∨ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f17; f16; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: ga nai gi; TRUTH TABLE: T F T T; }
+    FORMULA f18 IS ∨ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f17; f16; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: ga nai gi; LOCUS: CLAUSE; TRUTH TABLE: T F T T; }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
     REFERENCE r2 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: AUDIENCE; }
     REFERENCE r4 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: HERE; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.smusni.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.smusni.txt
index b36a17a5b1..845a7c127c 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.smusni.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b25.smusni.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     FORMULA f12 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p11; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } }
     FORMULA f16 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p15; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r13; } }
     FORMULA f17 IS ¬ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f12; ) }
-    FORMULA f18 IS ∨ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f17; f16; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: ga nai gi; TRUTH TABLE: T F T T; }
+    FORMULA f18 IS ∨ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f17; f16; ) TRUTH TABLE: T F T T; }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
     REFERENCE r2 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: AUDIENCE; }
     REFERENCE r4 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: HERE; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.frozen.json
index 1ac115cf2f..fa9ce3a816 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.frozen.json
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@
   },
   "predication:23": {
    "type": "predication",
-   "relation": "tanru",
    "tanruLink": {
     "head": "predication:15",
     "modifier": "relation:22",
@@ -159,7 +158,6 @@
   },
   "predication:27": {
    "type": "predication",
-   "relation": "tanru",
    "tanruLink": {
     "head": "predication:8",
     "modifier": "relation:26",
@@ -283,8 +281,10 @@
     "formula:24"
    ],
    "connector": {
-    "source": "tanru",
-    "locus": "property-abstraction"
+    "source": {
+     "kind": "implicitJuxtaposition"
+    },
+    "locus": "propertyAbstraction"
    },
    "boundEventualities": [
     "eventuality:11"
@@ -319,7 +319,9 @@
     "formula:28"
    ],
    "connector": {
-    "source": "tanru",
+    "source": {
+     "kind": "implicitJuxtaposition"
+    },
     "locus": "description"
    },
    "source": {
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni-prov.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni-prov.txt
index 9d005a426e..dd9f75f191 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni-prov.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni-prov.txt
@@ -50,38 +50,8 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
         TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu";
         CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
     }
-    PREDICATION p23 {
-      RELATION: tanru;
-      ARGS (
-        [1]: VALUE x10;
-        [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l22;
-      )
-      MODE: RESTRICTIVE;
-      TANRU LINK
-        HEAD: p15;
-        MODIFIER: l22;
-        RELATION LABEL: sutra-bajra;
-      PROVENANCE
-        BYTE SPAN: 3..20;
-        TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu";
-        CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
-    }
-    PREDICATION p27 {
-      RELATION: tanru;
-      ARGS (
-        [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7;
-        [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l26;
-      )
-      MODE: RESTRICTIVE;
-      TANRU LINK
-        HEAD: p8;
-        MODIFIER: l26;
-        RELATION LABEL: sutra-bajra-prenu;
-      PROVENANCE
-        BYTE SPAN: 3..20;
-        TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu";
-        CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
-    }
+    PREDICATION p23 { ARGS ( [1]: VALUE x10; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l22; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p15; MODIFIER: l22; RELATION LABEL: sutra-bajra; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
+    PREDICATION p27 { ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l26; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p8; MODIFIER: l26; RELATION LABEL: sutra-bajra-prenu; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     PREDICATION p33 {
       RELATION: tavla;
       EVENTUALITY: r6;
@@ -101,9 +71,23 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     FORMULA f16 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p15; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f21 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p20; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r18; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f24 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p23; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
-    FORMULA f25 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f16; f24; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r11; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
+    FORMULA f25 IS ∧ {
+      OPERANDS IN ORDER (
+        f16;
+        f24;
+      )
+      CONNECTIVE SOURCE: IMPLICIT JUXTAPOSITION;
+      LOCUS: PROPERTY ABSTRACTION;
+      BOUND EVENTUALITIES {
+        r11;
+      }
+      PROVENANCE
+        BYTE SPAN: 3..20;
+        TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu";
+        CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
+    }
     FORMULA f28 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p27; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
-    FORMULA f29 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f9; f28; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
+    FORMULA f29 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f9; f28; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: IMPLICIT JUXTAPOSITION; LOCUS: DESCRIPTION; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 3..20; TEXT: "sutra bajra prenu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f34 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p33; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 0..29; TEXT: "lo sutra bajra prenu cu tavla"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-formula"; } }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
     REFERENCE r2 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: AUDIENCE; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni.txt
index 6d42df09f6..ca3b9e8ffb 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni.txt
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     PREDICATION p8 { RELATION: prenu; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p15 { RELATION: bajra; EVENTUALITY: r11; ARGS ( [1]: VALUE x10; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r12; [3]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r13; [4]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r14; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p20 { RELATION: sutra; EVENTUALITY: r18; ARGS ( [1]: VALUE x17; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r19; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
-    PREDICATION p23 { RELATION: tanru; ARGS ( [1]: VALUE x10; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l22; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p15; MODIFIER: l22; RELATION LABEL: sutra-bajra; } }
-    PREDICATION p27 { RELATION: tanru; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l26; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p8; MODIFIER: l26; RELATION LABEL: sutra-bajra-prenu; } }
+    PREDICATION p23 { ARGS ( [1]: VALUE x10; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l22; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p15; MODIFIER: l22; RELATION LABEL: sutra-bajra; } }
+    PREDICATION p27 { ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l26; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p8; MODIFIER: l26; RELATION LABEL: sutra-bajra-prenu; } }
     PREDICATION p33 { RELATION: tavla; EVENTUALITY: r6; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r30; [3]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r31; [4]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r32; ) MODE: ASSERTED; }
     FORMULA f9 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p8; }
     FORMULA f16 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p15; }
     FORMULA f21 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p20; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r18; } }
     FORMULA f24 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p23; }
-    FORMULA f25 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f16; f24; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r11; } }
+    FORMULA f25 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f16; f24; ) BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r11; } }
     FORMULA f28 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p27; }
-    FORMULA f29 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f9; f28; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; }
+    FORMULA f29 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f9; f28; ) }
     FORMULA f34 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p33; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
     REFERENCE r2 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: AUDIENCE; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.frozen.json
index c1f0304625..14d2f38f81 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.frozen.json
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@
   },
   "predication:18": {
    "type": "predication",
-   "relation": "tanru",
    "tanruLink": {
     "head": "predication:9",
     "modifier": "relation:17",
@@ -192,7 +191,9 @@
     "formula:19"
    ],
    "connector": {
-    "source": "tanru",
+    "source": {
+     "kind": "implicitJuxtaposition"
+    },
     "locus": "description"
    },
    "source": {
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.smusni-prov.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.smusni-prov.txt
index 21bdf900af..1b83c2c86e 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.smusni-prov.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.smusni-prov.txt
@@ -35,22 +35,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
         TEXT: "cmalu mlatu";
         CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
     }
-    PREDICATION p18 {
-      RELATION: tanru;
-      ARGS (
-        [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7;
-        [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l17;
-      )
-      MODE: RESTRICTIVE;
-      TANRU LINK
-        HEAD: p9;
-        MODIFIER: l17;
-        RELATION LABEL: cmalu-mlatu;
-      PROVENANCE
-        BYTE SPAN: 12..23;
-        TEXT: "cmalu mlatu";
-        CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
-    }
+    PREDICATION p18 { ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l17; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p9; MODIFIER: l17; RELATION LABEL: cmalu-mlatu; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 12..23; TEXT: "cmalu mlatu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     PREDICATION p21 {
       RELATION: nelci;
       EVENTUALITY: r6;
@@ -67,7 +52,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     FORMULA f10 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p9; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 12..23; TEXT: "cmalu mlatu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-predication"; } }
     FORMULA f16 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p15; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r12; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 12..23; TEXT: "cmalu mlatu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f19 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p18; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 12..23; TEXT: "cmalu mlatu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
-    FORMULA f20 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f10; f19; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 12..23; TEXT: "cmalu mlatu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
+    FORMULA f20 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f10; f19; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: IMPLICIT JUXTAPOSITION; LOCUS: DESCRIPTION; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 12..23; TEXT: "cmalu mlatu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f22 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p21; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 0..23; TEXT: "mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-formula"; } }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
     REFERENCE r2 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: AUDIENCE; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.smusni.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.smusni.txt
index 3caeed1c96..05473066c7 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.smusni.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b40.smusni.txt
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     PARAMETER x11 { SORT: Entity; ROLE: PROPERTY SLOT; INTRODUCED BY: ce'u; }
     PREDICATION p9 { RELATION: mlatu; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r8; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p15 { RELATION: cmalu; EVENTUALITY: r12; ARGS ( [1]: VALUE x11; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r13; [3]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r14; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
-    PREDICATION p18 { RELATION: tanru; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l17; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p9; MODIFIER: l17; RELATION LABEL: cmalu-mlatu; } }
+    PREDICATION p18 { ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l17; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p9; MODIFIER: l17; RELATION LABEL: cmalu-mlatu; } }
     PREDICATION p21 { RELATION: nelci; EVENTUALITY: r6; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r1; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; ) MODE: ASSERTED; }
     FORMULA f10 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p9; }
     FORMULA f16 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p15; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r12; } }
     FORMULA f19 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p18; }
-    FORMULA f20 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f10; f19; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; }
+    FORMULA f20 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f10; f19; ) }
     FORMULA f22 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p21; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
     REFERENCE r2 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: AUDIENCE; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.frozen.json
index 04c97cb0fc..07e05d5508 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.frozen.json
@@ -115,7 +115,6 @@
   },
   "predication:20": {
    "type": "predication",
-   "relation": "tanru",
    "tanruLink": {
     "head": "predication:13",
     "modifier": "relation:19",
@@ -274,7 +273,6 @@
   },
   "predication:47": {
    "type": "predication",
-   "relation": "tanru",
    "tanruLink": {
     "head": "predication:40",
     "modifier": "relation:46",
@@ -420,7 +418,9 @@
     "formula:21"
    ],
    "connector": {
-    "source": "tanru",
+    "source": {
+     "kind": "implicitJuxtaposition"
+    },
     "locus": "description"
    },
    "source": {
@@ -524,7 +524,9 @@
     "formula:48"
    ],
    "connector": {
-    "source": "tanru",
+    "source": {
+     "kind": "implicitJuxtaposition"
+    },
     "locus": "description"
    },
    "source": {
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.smusni-prov.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.smusni-prov.txt
index d195cdedf0..3f9e8d7f06 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.smusni-prov.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.smusni-prov.txt
@@ -35,22 +35,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
         TEXT: "xunre creka";
         CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
     }
-    PREDICATION p20 {
-      RELATION: tanru;
-      ARGS (
-        [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r11;
-        [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l19;
-      )
-      MODE: RESTRICTIVE;
-      TANRU LINK
-        HEAD: p13;
-        MODIFIER: l19;
-        RELATION LABEL: xunre-creka;
-      PROVENANCE
-        BYTE SPAN: 22..33;
-        TEXT: "xunre creka";
-        CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
-    }
+    PREDICATION p20 { ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r11; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l19; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p13; MODIFIER: l19; RELATION LABEL: xunre-creka; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 22..33; TEXT: "xunre creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     PREDICATION p25 {
       RELATION: dasni;
       EVENTUALITY: r10;
@@ -80,22 +65,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
         TEXT: "blanu creka";
         CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
     }
-    PREDICATION p47 {
-      RELATION: tanru;
-      ARGS (
-        [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r38;
-        [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l46;
-      )
-      MODE: RESTRICTIVE;
-      TANRU LINK
-        HEAD: p40;
-        MODIFIER: l46;
-        RELATION LABEL: blanu-creka;
-      PROVENANCE
-        BYTE SPAN: 74..85;
-        TEXT: "blanu creka";
-        CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula";
-    }
+    PREDICATION p47 { ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r38; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l46; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p40; MODIFIER: l46; RELATION LABEL: blanu-creka; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 74..85; TEXT: "blanu creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     PREDICATION p52 {
       RELATION: dasni;
       EVENTUALITY: r37;
@@ -128,14 +98,14 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     FORMULA f14 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p13; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 22..33; TEXT: "xunre creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-predication"; } }
     FORMULA f18 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p17; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r16; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 22..33; TEXT: "xunre creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f21 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p20; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 22..33; TEXT: "xunre creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
-    FORMULA f22 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f14; f21; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 22..33; TEXT: "xunre creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
+    FORMULA f22 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f14; f21; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: IMPLICIT JUXTAPOSITION; LOCUS: DESCRIPTION; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 22..33; TEXT: "xunre creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f26 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p25; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r10; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 13..33; TEXT: "dasni lo xunre creka"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f33 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p32; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 46..51; TEXT: "cukta"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f36 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p35; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 55..60; TEXT: "nanmu"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f41 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p40; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 74..85; TEXT: "blanu creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-predication"; } }
     FORMULA f45 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p44; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r43; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 74..85; TEXT: "blanu creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f48 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p47; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 74..85; TEXT: "blanu creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
-    FORMULA f49 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f41; f48; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 74..85; TEXT: "blanu creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
+    FORMULA f49 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f41; f48; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: IMPLICIT JUXTAPOSITION; LOCUS: DESCRIPTION; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 74..85; TEXT: "blanu creka"; CONSTRUCT: "restrictive-tanru-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f53 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p52; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r37; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 65..85; TEXT: "dasni lo blanu creka"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f55 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p54; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 0..85; TEXT: "lo nanmu poi dasni lo xunre creka cu dunda lo cukta lo nanmu poi dasni lo blanu creka"; CONSTRUCT: "bridi-formula"; } }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.smusni.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.smusni.txt
index c258fce9d2..19a9d96a9d 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.smusni.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/nd1.smusni.txt
@@ -20,27 +20,27 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     PREDICATION p8 { RELATION: nanmu; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p13 { RELATION: creka; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r11; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r12; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p17 { RELATION: xunre; EVENTUALITY: r16; ARGS ( [1]: VALUE x15; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
-    PREDICATION p20 { RELATION: tanru; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r11; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l19; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p13; MODIFIER: l19; RELATION LABEL: xunre-creka; } }
+    PREDICATION p20 { ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r11; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l19; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p13; MODIFIER: l19; RELATION LABEL: xunre-creka; } }
     PREDICATION p25 { RELATION: dasni; EVENTUALITY: r10; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r11; [3]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r24; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p32 { RELATION: cukta; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r27; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r28; [3]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r29; [4]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r30; [5]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r31; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p35 { RELATION: nanmu; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r34; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p40 { RELATION: creka; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r38; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r39; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p44 { RELATION: blanu; EVENTUALITY: r43; ARGS ( [1]: VALUE x42; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
-    PREDICATION p47 { RELATION: tanru; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r38; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l46; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p40; MODIFIER: l46; RELATION LABEL: blanu-creka; } }
+    PREDICATION p47 { ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r38; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION l46; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; TANRU LINK { HEAD: p40; MODIFIER: l46; RELATION LABEL: blanu-creka; } }
     PREDICATION p52 { RELATION: dasni; EVENTUALITY: r37; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r34; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r38; [3]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r51; ) MODE: RESTRICTIVE; }
     PREDICATION p54 { RELATION: dunda; EVENTUALITY: r6; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r7; [2]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r27; [3]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r34; ) MODE: ASSERTED; }
     FORMULA f9 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p8; }
     FORMULA f14 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p13; }
     FORMULA f18 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p17; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r16; } }
     FORMULA f21 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p20; }
-    FORMULA f22 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f14; f21; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; }
+    FORMULA f22 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f14; f21; ) }
     FORMULA f26 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p25; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r10; } }
     FORMULA f33 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p32; }
     FORMULA f36 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p35; }
     FORMULA f41 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p40; }
     FORMULA f45 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p44; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r43; } }
     FORMULA f48 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p47; }
-    FORMULA f49 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f41; f48; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru; }
+    FORMULA f49 IS ∧ { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f41; f48; ) }
     FORMULA f53 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p52; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r37; } }
     FORMULA f55 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p54; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r6; } }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.frozen.json
index d18b3e4e52..0030ca1510 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.frozen.json
@@ -763,7 +763,7 @@
    "assertionEffect": "none",
    "experiencer": "entity:1",
    "target": "formula:78",
-   "targetFocus": "bridi",
+   "targetFocus": "clause",
    "anchor": "utterance:8",
    "source": {
     "span": {
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.smusni-prov.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.smusni-prov.txt
index 67268fac6f..5f018c04f2 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.smusni-prov.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.smusni-prov.txt
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
       ASSERTION EFFECT: NONE;
       EXPERIENCER: r1;
       TARGET: f78;
-      TARGET FOCUS: BRIDI;
+      TARGET FOCUS: CLAUSE;
       ANCHOR: u8;
       PROVENANCE
         BYTE SPAN: 113..117;
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.smusni.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.smusni.txt
index 78672936c4..7c488c84fb 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.smusni.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/paragraph-narrative.smusni.txt
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
       ASSERTION EFFECT: NONE;
       EXPERIENCER: r1;
       TARGET: f78;
-      TARGET FOCUS: BRIDI;
+      TARGET FOCUS: CLAUSE;
       ANCHOR: u8;
     }
     REFERENCE r1 { DENOTES VALUES OF SORT Entity; BINDING: INDEXICAL; INDEXICAL: SPEAKER; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.frozen.json
index dfbedc2891..09fbc109da 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.frozen.json
@@ -130,7 +130,10 @@
     "formula:15"
    ],
    "connector": {
-    "source": "ji",
+    "source": {
+     "kind": "surfaceWord",
+     "word": "ji"
+    },
     "locus": "term",
     "parameter": "parameter:16"
    },
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.smusni-prov.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.smusni-prov.txt
index 821afe63ff..939db8f5f6 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.smusni-prov.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.smusni-prov.txt
@@ -46,7 +46,19 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     }
     FORMULA f10 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p9; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r7; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 0..18; TEXT: "pu ko'a ji ba ko'e"; CONSTRUCT: "term-connection-formula"; } }
     FORMULA f15 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p14; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r12; } PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 0..18; TEXT: "pu ko'a ji ba ko'e"; CONSTRUCT: "term-connection-formula"; } }
-    FORMULA f17 IS CONNECTIVE QUESTION { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f10; f15; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: ji; NOT COMPUTED: connector-parameter; PROVENANCE { BYTE SPAN: 0..18; TEXT: "pu ko'a ji ba ko'e"; CONSTRUCT: "term-connection-formula"; } }
+    FORMULA f17 IS CONNECTIVE QUESTION {
+      OPERANDS IN ORDER (
+        f10;
+        f15;
+      )
+      CONNECTIVE SOURCE: ji;
+      LOCUS: TERM;
+      NOT COMPUTED: connector-parameter;
+      PROVENANCE
+        BYTE SPAN: 0..18;
+        TEXT: "pu ko'a ji ba ko'e";
+        CONSTRUCT: "term-connection-formula";
+    }
     QUESTION qu18 {
       BODY: f17;
       KIND: CONNECTIVE;
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.smusni.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.smusni.txt
index 7187851e0b..d800eb0737 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.smusni.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-connective.smusni.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
     PREDICATION p14 { RELATION: broda; EVENTUALITY: r12; ARGS ( [1]: REFERENCE DENOTATION r11; ) MODE: ASSERTED; }
     FORMULA f10 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p9; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r7; } }
     FORMULA f15 IS ATOM { PREDICATION: p14; BOUND EVENTUALITIES { r12; } }
-    FORMULA f17 IS CONNECTIVE QUESTION { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f10; f15; ) CONNECTIVE SOURCE: ji; NOT COMPUTED: connector-parameter; }
+    FORMULA f17 IS CONNECTIVE QUESTION { OPERANDS IN ORDER ( f10; f15; ) NOT COMPUTED: connector-parameter; }
     QUESTION qu18 {
       BODY: f17;
       KIND: CONNECTIVE;
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.frozen.json
index 231f248188..4529aa63e8 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.frozen.json
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
    "assertionEffect": "none",
    "experiencer": "entity:1",
    "target": "formula:16",
-   "targetFocus": "selbri",
+   "targetFocus": "predicate",
    "anchor": "utterance:5",
    "source": {
     "span": {
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
    "assertionEffect": "none",
    "experiencer": "entity:1",
    "target": "formula:16",
-   "targetFocus": "bridi",
+   "targetFocus": "clause",
    "anchor": "utterance:5",
    "source": {
     "span": {
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.smusni-prov.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.smusni-prov.txt
index d8ef16bd6a..54594631ec 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.smusni-prov.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.smusni-prov.txt
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
       ASSERTION EFFECT: NONE;
       EXPERIENCER: r1;
       TARGET: f16;
-      TARGET FOCUS: SELBRI;
+      TARGET FOCUS: PREDICATE;
       ANCHOR: u5;
       PROVENANCE
         BYTE SPAN: 13..15;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
       ASSERTION EFFECT: NONE;
       EXPERIENCER: r1;
       TARGET: f16;
-      TARGET FOCUS: BRIDI;
+      TARGET FOCUS: CLAUSE;
       ANCHOR: u5;
       PROVENANCE
         BYTE SPAN: 0..3;
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.smusni.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.smusni.txt
index 0926a0fd3b..c3337c8649 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.smusni.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/question-multiple-domains.smusni.txt
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
       ASSERTION EFFECT: NONE;
       EXPERIENCER: r1;
       TARGET: f16;
-      TARGET FOCUS: SELBRI;
+      TARGET FOCUS: PREDICATE;
       ANCHOR: u5;
     }
     DISPLAYED CONTENT d20 {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ SEMANTIC DOCUMENT document_1 {
       ASSERTION EFFECT: NONE;
       EXPERIENCER: r1;
       TARGET: f16;
-      TARGET FOCUS: BRIDI;
+      TARGET FOCUS: CLAUSE;
       ANCHOR: u5;
     }
     QUANTITY q15 { FORM: EXACT; VALUE TEXT: xo; NOT COMPUTED: quantity-value-shape(questionParameters); SCALE: COUNT; }
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/smusni_parity.rs b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/smusni_parity.rs
index 5a3cf4fac6..b87b93c8c7 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/smusni_parity.rs
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/smusni_parity.rs
@@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
-//! Byte-parity of this build's `smusni` notation renderer against the frozen
-//! Python oracle (Phase-B step 4; research repo `FREEZE-PHASE-B.md`).
+//! Byte-stability of this build's `smusni` notation renderer against the
+//! frozen fixture set.
 //!
-//! For each of the 48 frozen corpus documents, the vendored `<doc>.smusni.txt`
-//! is the exact output of `python3 render_v5.py <doc>.frozen.json --profile
-//! lean3` using the renderer from oracle commit
-//! `c6004a1bc4dda0c9d27cef188e21402d64f36d30` (jbotci#652), including the
-//! jbotci#682 re-freeze of the simple `fi'o se pilno` witness. The corpus
-//! comprises the original 37 documents, the two
-//! jbotci#620 witnesses, and five new
-//! discriminant-verified question witnesses, plus four tagged-argument
-//! witnesses. `lean3` is the research
-//! repo's historical profile name for the product's `smusni` notation. This test
-//! re-derives each graph
-//! from `<doc>.lojban` with *this* build (the same pipeline the completeness
-//! tests use — never reading `<doc>.frozen.json`), renders it with the `smusni`
-//! profile, and asserts a byte-for-byte match.
+//! HISTORY: the fixtures began as exact bytes of the independent Python oracle
+//! (`render_v5.py`, Phase-B; `lean3` is the research repo's historical profile
+//! name for the product's `smusni` notation). jbotci#719 (owner ruling
+//! 2026-08-01) deliberately departed from the oracle: connector surface words
+//! and loci became provenance-class (CONNECTIVE SOURCE/LOCUS leave the default
+//! output; LOCUS now renders in English under the provenance opt-in), truth
+//! tables render only when the operator does not already determine them, the
+//! fake `RELATION: tanru` name was dropped, the `WAIVED { }` block left
+//! model-facing output, and TARGET FOCUS values were renamed to English.
+//! The fixtures were regenerated from the product pipeline
+//! (`examples/regen_goldens.rs smusni`) — byte-parity with the research oracle
+//! is SUSPENDED at this point (see `phaseb_corpus/PROVENANCE.md`).
 //!
-//! Because every corpus graph this build produces is byte-identical (in meaning)
-//! to the frozen graph the oracle consumed (verified separately, and pinned by
-//! the completeness `frozen_divergence_report`), a divergence here is a renderer
-//! port defect, not semantic drift — see the PR body's divergence analysis.
+//! What this test still proves: this build's `render_smusni` output for each
+//! re-derived corpus graph is byte-identical to the regenerated fixture. The
+//! migration's correctness is NOT pinned by this test; it is pinned by
+//! `scripts/verify_issue_719_output_migration.py`, which proves the delta from
+//! the oracle-era fixtures at the PR base is exactly the mechanical #719
+//! transformation, and by the re-derived graphs being byte-identical to the
+//! frozen graphs (the completeness `frozen_divergence_report`). A divergence
+//! HERE is a renderer regression against the post-#719 baseline.
 
 #[allow(unused_imports)]
 use bityzba::{ensures, requires};
@@ -96,8 +98,8 @@ fn first_diff(expected: &str, actual: &str) -> Option<(usize, String, String)> {
     None
 }
 
-/// Assert byte parity between this build's `render_smusni` and the vendored
-/// oracle fixtures with `suffix`, under the given `config`.
+/// Assert byte equality between this build's `render_smusni` and the vendored
+/// post-#719 fixtures with `suffix`, under the given `config`.
 #[requires(!suffix.is_empty())]
 #[ensures(true)]
 fn assert_parity(suffix: &str, config: SmusniConfig) {
@@ -118,15 +120,15 @@ fn assert_parity(suffix: &str, config: SmusniConfig) {
     }
     assert!(
         mismatches.is_empty(),
-        "{}/{} corpus documents diverge from the frozen smusni oracle ({suffix}):\n{}",
+        "{}/{} corpus documents diverge from the post-#719 smusni fixtures ({suffix}):\n{}",
         mismatches.len(),
         CORPUS_DOCS.len(),
         mismatches.join("\n")
     );
 }
 
-/// The default `smusni` profile (provenance off) byte-matches the oracle on all
-/// 48 frozen corpus documents.
+/// The default `smusni` profile (provenance off) byte-matches the post-#719
+/// fixtures on all 48 frozen corpus documents.
 #[test]
 #[requires(true)]
 #[ensures(true)]
@@ -134,8 +136,8 @@ fn smusni_byte_parity_over_frozen_corpus() {
     assert_parity("smusni.txt", SmusniConfig { provenance: false });
 }
 
-/// The provenance opt-in (`--provenance`) byte-matches the oracle's
-/// `--profile lean3 --provenance` output on all 48 frozen corpus documents.
+/// The provenance opt-in (`--provenance`) byte-matches the post-#719
+/// fixtures on all 48 frozen corpus documents.
 #[test]
 #[requires(true)]
 #[ensures(true)]
@@ -184,40 +186,39 @@ fn preexisting_fixture_bytes_are_unchanged() {
         .filter(|doc| !doc.starts_with("modal-"));
     assert_eq!(
         aggregate_fixture_hash_for(preexisting.clone(), "smusni.txt"),
-        "ba79402c74d7160e761c034759979215582bd86fc31dac00160d9a734673f254"
+        "ebd0f375a8d8c40401804a5346c00a1167ccc6d736c823950a20aa68058e75dc"
     );
     assert_eq!(
         aggregate_fixture_hash_for(preexisting, "smusni-prov.txt"),
-        "e3d1933cefd5915bcea4ed1ba996704b47badb7210de5f535d2b19ae3df54b88"
+        "fd133472ba71fbbe6c6dd92009286232d6adbbd7824ff7a691b47a32968ca9e0"
     );
 }
 
-/// Should-fix 7 (round-1 review, Codex 4): pin the aggregate hash of BOTH
-/// vendored fixture sets so the renderer-expected and provenance fixtures cannot
-/// silently drift together (e.g. a regeneration that changes both while a stale
-/// oracle is in use). If a deliberate oracle change lands, this pin and the
-/// `FREEZE-PHASE-B.md` amendment are updated in lockstep.
+/// Pin the aggregate hash of BOTH vendored fixture sets so the
+/// renderer-expected and provenance fixtures cannot silently drift together.
+/// Updated at the jbotci#719 regeneration (see `phaseb_corpus/PROVENANCE.md`);
+/// the post-#719 hashes are no longer oracle-derived.
 #[test]
 #[requires(true)]
 #[ensures(true)]
 fn frozen_fixture_aggregate_hashes_are_pinned() {
     assert_eq!(
         aggregate_fixture_hash("smusni.txt"),
-        "2fe83e771edd04c23f51f5c5d41e7aafff551670e624364517cf58acb49ddce8",
-        "smusni.txt fixture set drifted from the pinned oracle output"
+        "f0a99c7a603f3730f31277cee8db1100a897089cb87c39b521e9ef2d6b2494ea",
+        "smusni.txt fixture set drifted from the post-#719 pinned output"
     );
     assert_eq!(
         aggregate_fixture_hash("smusni-prov.txt"),
-        "897cc4ee3a06011d4d5f665dbe8411389ada9f005f577abf68afc0012af3e9e7",
-        "smusni-prov.txt fixture set drifted from the pinned oracle output"
+        "b356fd871b45285763a874dc9f0c07d655501bdc390459f05890e28a965924d3",
+        "smusni-prov.txt fixture set drifted from the post-#719 pinned output"
     );
 }
 
 /// Blocker-3 regression (round-1 review, kimi 5): a `zoi` quotation whose text
 /// carries notation metacharacters (`{ ( ; } )`) renders them safely inside a
-/// quoted value and stays byte-identical to the oracle. This is a dedicated
-/// hostile-witness fixture, deliberately *outside* [`CORPUS_DOCS`] so it does
-/// not perturb the frozen corpus hash. (The dense-flatten path that
+/// quoted value and stays byte-identical to the post-#719 fixture. This is a
+/// dedicated hostile-witness fixture, deliberately *outside* [`CORPUS_DOCS`] so
+/// it does not perturb the frozen corpus hash. (The dense-flatten path that
 /// the hardening protects is exercised directly in `writer.rs`'s unit tests.)
 #[test]
 #[requires(true)]
@@ -234,7 +235,7 @@ fn smusni_hostile_witness_regression() {
         assert_eq!(
             expected,
             actual,
-            "{doc} ({suffix}) diverges from the oracle at {:?}",
+            "{doc} ({suffix}) diverges from the post-#719 fixtures at {:?}",
             first_diff(&expected, &actual)
         );
         // The metacharacters survive inside a quoted value, un-split.
@@ -266,7 +267,7 @@ fn smusni_relation_question_indirect_regression() {
         assert_eq!(
             expected,
             actual,
-            "{doc} ({suffix}) diverges from the oracle at {:?}",
+            "{doc} ({suffix}) diverges from the post-#719 fixtures at {:?}",
             first_diff(&expected, &actual)
         );
         // Both relation shapes render: the bound relation-question parameter as
@@ -281,8 +282,9 @@ fn smusni_relation_question_indirect_regression() {
 
 /// jbotci#622 regression: the corpus witnesses collectively exercise every
 /// currently builder-reachable question kind, both modes, homogeneous and typed
-/// slots, and the optional focus/presupposed-answer fields. Byte parity above is
-/// the oracle proof; these assertions make the intended discriminants explicit.
+/// slots, and the optional focus/presupposed-answer fields. Byte equality above
+/// is the post-#719 fixture proof; these assertions make the intended
+/// discriminants explicit.
 #[test]
 #[requires(true)]
 #[ensures(true)]
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/PROVENANCE.md b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/PROVENANCE.md
index 224ab2c401..3aed37f373 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/PROVENANCE.md
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/PROVENANCE.md
@@ -87,8 +87,31 @@ rendered-via-card (the nonce word's WORD card carries the decomposition), with
 no omission entries. This frozen 48-document corpus is rendered without cards,
 so it deliberately retains the interim body `RELATION-METADATA` preservation
 form: with no card section to carry the decomposition, the omissions/waiver
-discipline does not allow silently dropping it. `PREDICATE="tanru"` remains
-frozen JSON data rather than structural vocabulary.
+discipline does not allow silently dropping it.
+
+jbotci#719 (owner ruling 2026-08-01) reworked the document surface in one
+migration pass, deliberately diverging from the pinned research prototype:
+the structured `<KEY><RULE TOPIC=...>` block became a single teaching
+comment before the root element; the `<WAIVERS>` block left model-facing
+output (the omissions API is unchanged and tests reconcile against it); the
+`<CONNECTOR>` element left default output (connector surface words and loci
+are provenance-class and join a new closed `ConnectorProvenance` waiver
+family; TRUTH-TABLE=/PARAMETER= survive on the connective parent when not
+derivable); `Connector.source`/`Connector.locus` became typed enums (a
+surface word vs an implicit juxtaposition; English locus names), killing
+the `SOURCE-WORD="tanru"` sentinel and the `LOCUS="SELBRI"` jargon; and
+tanru predications project as one PREDICATION with a KIND-COMPOSITION
+relation expression in the relation slot (the fake `PREDICATE="tanru"`
+relation name is gone from both the notation and the frozen JSON; the loud
+head-and-link form remains as the guarded fallback). The frozen JSON graphs
+were migrated mechanically by `scripts/migrate_issue_719_json.py` (typed
+connector source, English locus, fake relation dropped — every file
+rebuilds byte-exactly from its source text through the product pipeline),
+and the goldens were regenerated with `examples/regen_goldens.rs` under the
+mechanical-diff proof of `scripts/verify_issue_719_output_migration.py`;
+the tanru regions' semantic preservation is enforced by the re-expansion
+equivalence acceptance test in `notation::relation_expression`.
+
 The prototype's pre-existing rejection of the Phase-B multiple-domain question
 remains outside the 48-document parity contract. The paired research README at
 the pinned commit records these follow-ups in full.
@@ -109,16 +132,17 @@ prototype outputs, and the four focused XML files compare byte-for-byte with
 their paired research goldens after the intentional `DOC=` substitution. All
 48 product JSON files also compare byte-for-byte with the pinned research
 sources. Product tests independently pin ordered name/content hashes
-`69ea08a65aba19049f65070b9eb045361834ddfbd2773da972c047be325381b3`
+`6f3d951a76b0b363ff3fc8a0763a0dbb34fe7fb16a23fccbe86a32fecbbfdfe7`
 for JSON and
-`8054b126268d07532363b576a1a5e27c5c4eb446aa4370b0a020284b159e5220`
-for XML.
+`a10e826952ced297d3da81c76705c81042d02d19f8a7fc72bf28c39801ec5bd9`
+for XML (both updated in the jbotci#719 migration above).
 
 Across the 48 comparable product documents, observed omissions equal the
 independently expanded waiver set exactly: source records 624, assigned-name
 records 3, descriptor words 55, `introducedBy` fields 234, quantity text
-fields 11, bound-variable words 9, and composition relation labels 5, for 941
-occurrences total. There are no unwaived or duplicate omissions.
+fields 11, bound-variable words 9, composition relation labels 5, and
+connector provenance fields 16 (new in jbotci#719), for 957 occurrences
+total. There are no unwaived or duplicate omissions.
 
 The files are frozen evidence. Update them only after a separately reviewed
 notation decision and a fresh, pinned-oracle parity proof.
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b13.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b13.xml.txt
index b36ba3b9fb..2fee0184e6 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b13.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b13.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b13">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (15 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (7 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b14.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b14.xml.txt
index 215d7ca171..496b758658 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b14.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b14.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b14">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (5 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b15.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b15.xml.txt
index 4d4e0dfcc4..3a8110dc24 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b15.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b15.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b15">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b16.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b16.xml.txt
index a5213c57a5..1736358680 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b16.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b16.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b16">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (3 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b17.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b17.xml.txt
index 9fb5aea1e3..ebc8c663a1 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b17.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b17.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b17">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (6 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b18.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b18.xml.txt
index 8455992b75..da4cf38cd6 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b18.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b18.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b18">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (17 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (6 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <SEQUENCE RELATION="SAME_TOPIC_CONTINUATION">
     <DEFS>
       <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b19.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b19.xml.txt
index 4abe9f8cf5..3ef67cdfcd 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b19.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b19.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b19">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (13 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.assignedNames provenance (1 record)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (8 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <SEQUENCE RELATION="SAME_TOPIC_CONTINUATION">
     <DEFS>
       <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b21.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b21.frozen.json
index 5da25592fc..0086b56836 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b21.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b21.frozen.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"lo prenu cu lebna lo cukta gi'e tcidu ri","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","relation":"cukta","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":26},"text":"cukta","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"prenu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"lebna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"lo prenu","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:17","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"lebna","construct":"predication"}},"predication:22":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:20","relation":"tcidu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"lo prenu","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:21","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":32,"byteEnd":37},"text":"tcidu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":26},"text":"cukta","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"prenu","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"lebna","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:23":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:22","boundEventualities":["eventuality:20"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":32,"byteEnd":37},"text":"tcidu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:24":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:19","formula:23"],"connector":{"source":"gi'e","locus":"bridiTail","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"lo prenu cu lebna lo cukta gi'e tcidu ri","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:13"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":18,"byteEnd":26},"text":"lo cukta","construct":"description"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:16"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"lo prenu","construct":"description"}},"entity:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:21":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"lebna","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":32,"byteEnd":37},"text":"tcidu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:25":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"lo prenu cu lebna lo cukta gi'e tcidu ri","construct":"bridi"}}}}
+{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"lo prenu cu lebna lo cukta gi'e tcidu ri","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","relation":"cukta","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":26},"text":"cukta","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"prenu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"lebna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"lo prenu","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:17","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"lebna","construct":"predication"}},"predication:22":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:20","relation":"tcidu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"lo prenu","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:21","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":32,"byteEnd":37},"text":"tcidu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":26},"text":"cukta","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"prenu","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"lebna","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:23":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:22","boundEventualities":["eventuality:20"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":32,"byteEnd":37},"text":"tcidu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:24":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:19","formula:23"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gi'e"},"locus":"predicatePhrase","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"lo prenu cu lebna lo cukta gi'e tcidu ri","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:13"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":18,"byteEnd":26},"text":"lo cukta","construct":"description"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:16"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"lo prenu","construct":"description"}},"entity:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:21":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"lebna","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":32,"byteEnd":37},"text":"tcidu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:25":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"lo prenu cu lebna lo cukta gi'e tcidu ri","construct":"bridi"}}}}
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b21.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b21.xml.txt
index aa7ae1cd45..c8bb77f8c6 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b21.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b21.xml.txt
@@ -1,93 +1,111 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b21">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (17 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (6 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
   <UTTERANCE FORCE="ASSERT" GROUND="g1">
     <LOCUTION ACTUALITY="ACTUAL"/>
     <CONTENT>
-      <FORMULA>
-        <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="AND">
-          <DEFS>
-            <ENTITY ID="r14">
-              <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
-                <BODY>
-                  <PREDICATION PREDICATE="prenu" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                    <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r14"/>
-                  </PREDICATION>
-                </BODY>
-              </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
-            </ENTITY>
-            <ENTITY ID="r7">
-              <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
-                <BODY>
-                  <PREDICATION PREDICATE="cukta" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                    <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
-                    <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
-                    <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
-                    <ARG INDEX="4" REF="SOME"/>
-                    <ARG INDEX="5" REF="SOME"/>
-                  </PREDICATION>
-                </BODY>
-              </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
-            </ENTITY>
-          </DEFS>
-          <EXISTS>
-            <VARIABLE ID="e6" SORT="Eventuality"/>
-            <BODY>
-              <PREDICATION PREDICATE="lebna" MODE="ASSERTED">
-                <EVENT REF="e6"/>
-                <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r14"/>
-                <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r7"/>
-                <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
-              </PREDICATION>
-            </BODY>
-          </EXISTS>
-          <EXISTS>
-            <VARIABLE ID="e20" SORT="Eventuality"/>
-            <BODY>
-              <PREDICATION PREDICATE="tcidu" MODE="ASSERTED">
-                <EVENT REF="e20"/>
-                <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r14"/>
-                <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r7"/>
-                <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
-              </PREDICATION>
-            </BODY>
-          </EXISTS>
-        </CONNECTIVE>
-        <CONNECTOR SOURCE-WORD="gi'e">
-          <LOCUS VALUE="BRIDI_TAIL"/>
-          <TRUTH-TABLE VALUE="TFFF"/>
-        </CONNECTOR>
-      </FORMULA>
+      <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="AND">
+        <DEFS>
+          <ENTITY ID="r14">
+            <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
+              <BODY>
+                <PREDICATION PREDICATE="prenu" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
+                  <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r14"/>
+                </PREDICATION>
+              </BODY>
+            </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
+          </ENTITY>
+          <ENTITY ID="r7">
+            <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
+              <BODY>
+                <PREDICATION PREDICATE="cukta" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
+                  <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
+                  <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
+                  <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
+                  <ARG INDEX="4" REF="SOME"/>
+                  <ARG INDEX="5" REF="SOME"/>
+                </PREDICATION>
+              </BODY>
+            </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
+          </ENTITY>
+        </DEFS>
+        <EXISTS>
+          <VARIABLE ID="e6" SORT="Eventuality"/>
+          <BODY>
+            <PREDICATION PREDICATE="lebna" MODE="ASSERTED">
+              <EVENT REF="e6"/>
+              <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r14"/>
+              <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r7"/>
+              <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
+            </PREDICATION>
+          </BODY>
+        </EXISTS>
+        <EXISTS>
+          <VARIABLE ID="e20" SORT="Eventuality"/>
+          <BODY>
+            <PREDICATION PREDICATE="tcidu" MODE="ASSERTED">
+              <EVENT REF="e20"/>
+              <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r14"/>
+              <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r7"/>
+              <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
+            </PREDICATION>
+          </BODY>
+        </EXISTS>
+      </CONNECTIVE>
     </CONTENT>
   </UTTERANCE>
 </SFN>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b22.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b22.xml.txt
index de83ff9bfd..5cd06e132e 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b22.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b22.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b22">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (9 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b23.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b23.xml.txt
index ef2fb7173a..3c0369800d 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b23.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b23.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b23">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (19 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>quantity value text provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>bound-variable surface word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b24.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b24.xml.txt
index d02f6c9416..158e47b5c8 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b24.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b24.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b24">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (18 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>quantity value text provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>bound-variable surface word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.frozen.json
index bc52320ae1..79adcb7f3c 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.frozen.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ganai do klama gi mi gleki","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do klama","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"gleki","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":18,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi gleki","construct":"predication"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":18,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi gleki","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:12"]},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:17","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":"ga nai gi","locus":"bridi","truthTable":"TFTT"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":18,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi gleki","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ganai do klama gi mi gleki","construct":"bridi"}}}}
+{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ganai do klama gi mi gleki","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do klama","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"gleki","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":18,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi gleki","construct":"predication"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":18,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi gleki","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:12"]},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:17","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ga nai gi"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"TFTT"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":18,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi gleki","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ganai do klama gi mi gleki","construct":"bridi"}}}}
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.xml.txt
index 70f644ddf9..ea515cb855 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.xml.txt
@@ -1,71 +1,90 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b25">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (5 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
   <UTTERANCE FORCE="ASSERT" GROUND="g1">
     <LOCUTION ACTUALITY="ACTUAL"/>
     <CONTENT>
-      <FORMULA>
-        <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="OR">
-          <NEGATION>
-            <EXISTS>
-              <VARIABLE ID="e6" SORT="Eventuality"/>
-              <BODY>
-                <PREDICATION PREDICATE="klama" MODE="ASSERTED">
-                  <EVENT REF="e6"/>
-                  <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r2"/>
-                  <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
-                  <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
-                  <ARG INDEX="4" REF="SOME"/>
-                  <ARG INDEX="5" REF="SOME"/>
-                </PREDICATION>
-              </BODY>
-            </EXISTS>
-          </NEGATION>
+      <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="OR" TRUTH-TABLE="TFTT">
+        <NEGATION>
           <EXISTS>
-            <VARIABLE ID="e13" SORT="Eventuality"/>
+            <VARIABLE ID="e6" SORT="Eventuality"/>
             <BODY>
-              <PREDICATION PREDICATE="gleki" MODE="ASSERTED">
-                <EVENT REF="e13"/>
-                <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r1"/>
+              <PREDICATION PREDICATE="klama" MODE="ASSERTED">
+                <EVENT REF="e6"/>
+                <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r2"/>
                 <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
+                <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
+                <ARG INDEX="4" REF="SOME"/>
+                <ARG INDEX="5" REF="SOME"/>
               </PREDICATION>
             </BODY>
           </EXISTS>
-        </CONNECTIVE>
-        <CONNECTOR SOURCE-WORD="ga nai gi">
-          <LOCUS VALUE="BRIDI"/>
-          <TRUTH-TABLE VALUE="TFTT"/>
-        </CONNECTOR>
-      </FORMULA>
+        </NEGATION>
+        <EXISTS>
+          <VARIABLE ID="e13" SORT="Eventuality"/>
+          <BODY>
+            <PREDICATION PREDICATE="gleki" MODE="ASSERTED">
+              <EVENT REF="e13"/>
+              <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r1"/>
+              <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
+            </PREDICATION>
+          </BODY>
+        </EXISTS>
+      </CONNECTIVE>
     </CONTENT>
   </UTTERANCE>
 </SFN>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b26.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b26.xml.txt
index da3437e634..1e9b57dfaf 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b26.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b26.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b26">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (11 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>quantity value text provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b27.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b27.xml.txt
index e916d04d03..3537a85450 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b27.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b27.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b27">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (5 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b28.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b28.xml.txt
index ea54de5d99..c5ce5dcab5 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b28.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b28.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b28">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (5 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b29.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b29.xml.txt
index a85ad0a25f..cfdccb9cf3 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b29.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b29.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b29">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (5 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b30.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b30.xml.txt
index dcfa23c4ab..facc2d3253 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b30.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b30.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b30">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (6 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b31.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b31.xml.txt
index c7909acd54..ae9cc99f8a 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b31.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b31.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b31">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (7 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b32.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b32.xml.txt
index 1a2dc40b6a..b802754571 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b32.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b32.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b32">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (10 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b33.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b33.xml.txt
index fc7d41ed52..bb482ddb9c 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b33.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b33.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b33">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (9 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b34.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b34.xml.txt
index dc54d6252d..91e925db68 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b34.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b34.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b34">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (10 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b35.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b35.xml.txt
index 6ed64d152b..74b1332e16 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b35.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b35.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b35">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (5 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b36.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b36.xml.txt
index 836e2da754..b139a3995d 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b36.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b36.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b36">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (9 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (5 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b37.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b37.xml.txt
index ed43329a90..ac22aa1f78 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b37.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b37.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b37">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (12 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (3 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b38.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b38.xml.txt
index 6f4634778f..b51396450b 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b38.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b38.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b38">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (10 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (5 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b39.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b39.frozen.json
index 61880f67c7..c6756ef4c9 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b39.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b39.frozen.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
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tavla","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:21":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:20","boundEventualities":["eventuality:18"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:24":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:23","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:25":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:16","formula:24"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"propertyAbstraction"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:28":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:27","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:29":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:28"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"description"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:34":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:33","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"lo sutra bajra prenu cu tavla","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:29"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"lo sutra bajra prenu","construct":"description"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:10"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:10"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:10"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:19":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:10","parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:30":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:31":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:32":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"lo sutra bajra prenu cu tavla","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:35":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"lo sutra bajra prenu cu tavla","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:22":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:10"]},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:21","parameters":["parameter:17"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"relation:26":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:25","parameters":["parameter:10"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":20},"text":"sutra bajra prenu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}}}}
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b39.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b39.xml.txt
index 94dbe12407..a55fe4a98b 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b39.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b39.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b39">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (24 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (9 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>kind-composition relation-label provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
@@ -43,93 +66,20 @@
               <ENTITY ID="r7">
                 <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
                   <BODY>
-                    <FORMULA>
-                      <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="AND">
-                        <DEFS>
-                          <PREDICATION ID="p8" PREDICATE="prenu" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                            <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
-                          </PREDICATION>
-                        </DEFS>
-                        <REFERENCE REF="p8"/>
-                        <FORMULA>
-                          <DEFS>
-                            <RELATION ID="r26" PARAMETERS="v10" ARITY="1">
-                              <BODY>
-                                <EXISTS>
-                                  <VARIABLE ID="e11" SORT="Eventuality"/>
-                                  <BODY>
-                                    <FORMULA>
-                                      <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="AND">
-                                        <DEFS>
-                                          <PREDICATION ID="p15" PREDICATE="bajra" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                                            <EVENT REF="e11"/>
-                                            <ARG INDEX="1" REF="v10"/>
-                                            <ARG INDEX="2">
-                                              <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                                            </ARG>
-                                            <ARG INDEX="3">
-                                              <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                                            </ARG>
-                                            <ARG INDEX="4">
-                                              <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                                            </ARG>
-                                          </PREDICATION>
-                                        </DEFS>
-                                        <REFERENCE REF="p15"/>
-                                        <FORMULA>
-                                          <DEFS>
-                                            <RELATION ID="r22" PARAMETERS="v17" ARITY="1">
-                                              <BODY>
-                                                <EXISTS>
-                                                  <VARIABLE ID="e18" SORT="Eventuality"/>
-                                                  <BODY>
-                                                    <PREDICATION PREDICATE="sutra" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                                                      <EVENT REF="e18"/>
-                                                      <ARG INDEX="1" REF="v17"/>
-                                                      <ARG INDEX="2">
-                                                        <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                                                      </ARG>
-                                                    </PREDICATION>
-                                                  </BODY>
-                                                </EXISTS>
-                                              </BODY>
-                                            </RELATION>
-                                            <PARAMETER ID="v17" SORT="Entity" ROLE="PROPERTY_SLOT"/>
-                                          </DEFS>
-                                          <PREDICATION PREDICATE="tanru" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                                            <ARG INDEX="1" REF="v10"/>
-                                            <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r22"/>
-                                            <KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                                              <KIND REF="p15"/>
-                                              <MODIFIER REF="r22"/>
-                                            </KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                                          </PREDICATION>
-                                        </FORMULA>
-                                      </CONNECTIVE>
-                                      <CONNECTOR SOURCE-WORD="tanru">
-                                        <LOCUS VALUE="PROPERTY_ABSTRACTION"/>
-                                      </CONNECTOR>
-                                    </FORMULA>
-                                  </BODY>
-                                </EXISTS>
-                              </BODY>
-                            </RELATION>
-                            <PARAMETER ID="v10" SORT="Entity" ROLE="PROPERTY_SLOT"/>
-                          </DEFS>
-                          <PREDICATION PREDICATE="tanru" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                            <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
-                            <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r26"/>
+                    <PREDICATION MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
+                      <KIND-COMPOSITION>
+                        <KIND PREDICATE="prenu"/>
+                        <MODIFIER>
+                          <BODY>
                             <KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                              <KIND REF="p8"/>
-                              <MODIFIER REF="r26"/>
+                              <KIND PREDICATE="bajra"/>
+                              <MODIFIER PREDICATE="sutra"/>
                             </KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                          </PREDICATION>
-                        </FORMULA>
-                      </CONNECTIVE>
-                      <CONNECTOR SOURCE-WORD="tanru">
-                        <LOCUS VALUE="DESCRIPTION"/>
-                      </CONNECTOR>
-                    </FORMULA>
+                          </BODY>
+                        </MODIFIER>
+                      </KIND-COMPOSITION>
+                      <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
+                    </PREDICATION>
                   </BODY>
                 </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
               </ENTITY>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b40.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b40.frozen.json
index 68247f7ad6..3a9ce7b855 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b40.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b40.frozen.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","relation":"mlatu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"cmalu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"cmalu-mlatu"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"predication:21":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"description"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:22":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:21","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:20"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":23},"text":"lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"description"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:23":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}}}}
+{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","relation":"mlatu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"cmalu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"cmalu-mlatu"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"predication:21":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"description"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"formula:22":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:21","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:20"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":23},"text":"lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"description"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:23":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"mi nelci lo cmalu mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"cmalu mlatu","construct":"restrictive-tanru-formula"}}}}
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b40.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b40.xml.txt
index 526f5fe1d7..8369a42152 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b40.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b40.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b40">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (16 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>kind-composition relation-label provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
@@ -43,52 +66,14 @@
               <ENTITY ID="r7">
                 <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
                   <BODY>
-                    <FORMULA>
-                      <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="AND">
-                        <DEFS>
-                          <PREDICATION ID="p9" PREDICATE="mlatu" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                            <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
-                            <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
-                          </PREDICATION>
-                        </DEFS>
-                        <REFERENCE REF="p9"/>
-                        <FORMULA>
-                          <DEFS>
-                            <RELATION ID="r17" PARAMETERS="v11" ARITY="1">
-                              <BODY>
-                                <EXISTS>
-                                  <VARIABLE ID="e12" SORT="Eventuality"/>
-                                  <BODY>
-                                    <PREDICATION PREDICATE="cmalu" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                                      <EVENT REF="e12"/>
-                                      <ARG INDEX="1" REF="v11"/>
-                                      <ARG INDEX="2">
-                                        <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                                      </ARG>
-                                      <ARG INDEX="3">
-                                        <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                                      </ARG>
-                                    </PREDICATION>
-                                  </BODY>
-                                </EXISTS>
-                              </BODY>
-                            </RELATION>
-                            <PARAMETER ID="v11" SORT="Entity" ROLE="PROPERTY_SLOT"/>
-                          </DEFS>
-                          <PREDICATION PREDICATE="tanru" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                            <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
-                            <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r17"/>
-                            <KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                              <KIND REF="p9"/>
-                              <MODIFIER REF="r17"/>
-                            </KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                          </PREDICATION>
-                        </FORMULA>
-                      </CONNECTIVE>
-                      <CONNECTOR SOURCE-WORD="tanru">
-                        <LOCUS VALUE="DESCRIPTION"/>
-                      </CONNECTOR>
-                    </FORMULA>
+                    <PREDICATION MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
+                      <KIND-COMPOSITION>
+                        <KIND PREDICATE="mlatu"/>
+                        <MODIFIER PREDICATE="cmalu"/>
+                      </KIND-COMPOSITION>
+                      <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
+                      <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
+                    </PREDICATION>
                   </BODY>
                 </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
               </ENTITY>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b41.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b41.xml.txt
index 7c7bdf2c99..1a4d1abae9 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b41.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b41.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b41">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (15 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b42.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b42.xml.txt
index 1beb06614c..4d26d3bda2 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b42.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b42.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b42">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (6 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b43.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b43.xml.txt
index dd7606b544..fed65ba935 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b43.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b43.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b43">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (6 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b44.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b44.xml.txt
index 76d00219f1..8470a31fbc 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b44.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b44.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b44">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (12 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (9 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b45.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b45.xml.txt
index 6dea5a04b4..4585862ad4 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b45.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b45.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b45">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (7 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (5 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b46.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b46.xml.txt
index 5f810fc5df..cd34dbd0e9 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b46.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b46.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b46">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (9 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b47.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b47.xml.txt
index b42723fe6c..4e14de9877 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b47.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b47.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b47">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (9 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (8 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b48.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b48.xml.txt
index 01f31e0df7..ff7afdeb0a 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b48.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b48.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b48">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (7 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (3 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b49.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b49.xml.txt
index b754c3ab55..70639ba2d6 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b49.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b49.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b49">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (13 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (16 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b50.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b50.xml.txt
index c3405acd1b..98121d6f92 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b50.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b50.xml.txt
@@ -1,35 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b50">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (15 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (3 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>quantity value text provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>bound-variable surface word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b51.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b51.xml.txt
index 0386f0ae2a..57921b8792 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b51.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b51.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b51">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (19 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>quantity value text provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>bound-variable surface word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b52.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b52.frozen.json
index 96572d47aa..e8fd428579 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b52.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b52.frozen.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:29","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama lo zarci","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:18":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":27,"byteEnd":31},"text":"go'i","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:29":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:18"],"connectionClaims":["formula:28"],"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:19"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","nonlogicalConnection":{"operator":"nonlogical:ba bo","connector":{"source":"ba bo","locus":"statement","truthTable":"TFFF"}},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi klama lo zarci .i ba bo go'i","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","relation":"zarci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"zarci","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama lo 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+{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:29","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama lo zarci","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:18":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":27,"byteEnd":31},"text":"go'i","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:29":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:18"],"connectionClaims":["formula:28"],"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:19"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","nonlogicalConnection":{"operator":"nonlogical:ba bo","connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ba 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diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b52.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b52.xml.txt
index 21af0d239a..6107faae92 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b52.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b52.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b52">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (17 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (9 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <EXISTS>
     <VARIABLE ID="e6" SORT="Eventuality"/>
     <BODY>
@@ -95,12 +119,7 @@
                 </EXISTS>
               </CONNECTION-CLAIM>
             </CONNECTION-CLAIMS>
-            <NONLOGICAL-CONNECTION OPERATOR="nonlogical:ba bo">
-              <CONNECTOR SOURCE-WORD="ba bo">
-                <LOCUS VALUE="STATEMENT"/>
-                <TRUTH-TABLE VALUE="TFFF"/>
-              </CONNECTOR>
-            </NONLOGICAL-CONNECTION>
+            <NONLOGICAL-CONNECTION OPERATOR="nonlogical:ba bo" TRUTH-TABLE="TFFF"/>
           </SEQUENCE>
         </BODY>
       </EXISTS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b53.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b53.xml.txt
index b895c38c21..01e37e9d5c 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b53.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b53.xml.txt
@@ -1,35 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b53">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (23 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (5 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>quantity value text provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>bound-variable surface word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b54.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b54.xml.txt
index a2d2f55598..da268e6999 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b54.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b54.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b54">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (15 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.assignedNames provenance (2 records)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <SEQUENCE RELATION="SAME_TOPIC_CONTINUATION">
     <DEFS>
       <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b55.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b55.frozen.json
index 4809377d3b..c2708b8c9d 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b55.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b55.frozen.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
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diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b55.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b55.xml.txt
index 5123dc28d9..9f67ab91d9 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b55.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b55.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b55">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (28 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (11 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>kind-composition relation-label provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
@@ -40,116 +63,44 @@
           <VARIABLE ID="e6" SORT="Eventuality"/>
           <BODY>
             <FORMULA>
-              <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="AND">
-                <DEFS>
-                  <PREDICATION ID="p28" PREDICATE="gusni" MODE="ASSERTED">
-                    <EVENT REF="e6"/>
-                    <ARG INDEX="1" REF="SOME"/>
-                    <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r7"/>
-                    <ARG INDEX="3" REF="r12"/>
-                  </PREDICATION>
-                  <ENTITY ID="r7">
-                    <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
-                      <BODY>
-                        <PREDICATION PREDICATE="li'imdu" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                          <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
-                          <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
-                          <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
-                        </PREDICATION>
-                      </BODY>
-                    </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
-                  </ENTITY>
-                  <ENTITY ID="r12">
-                    <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
-                      <BODY>
-                        <FORMULA>
-                          <CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="AND">
-                            <DEFS>
-                              <PREDICATION ID="p15" PREDICATE="gusni" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                                <ARG INDEX="1" REF="SOME"/>
-                                <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r12"/>
-                                <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
-                              </PREDICATION>
-                            </DEFS>
-                            <REFERENCE REF="p15"/>
-                            <FORMULA>
-                              <DEFS>
-                                <RELATION ID="r23" PARAMETERS="v17" ARITY="1">
-                                  <BODY>
-                                    <EXISTS>
-                                      <VARIABLE ID="e18" SORT="Eventuality"/>
-                                      <BODY>
-                                        <PREDICATION PREDICATE="nalmucti" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                                          <EVENT REF="e18"/>
-                                          <ARG INDEX="1" REF="v17"/>
-                                          <ARG INDEX="2">
-                                            <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                                          </ARG>
-                                          <ARG INDEX="3">
-                                            <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                                          </ARG>
-                                        </PREDICATION>
-                                      </BODY>
-                                    </EXISTS>
-                                  </BODY>
-                                </RELATION>
-                                <PARAMETER ID="v17" SORT="Entity" ROLE="PROPERTY_SLOT"/>
-                              </DEFS>
-                              <PREDICATION PREDICATE="tanru" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                                <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r12"/>
-                                <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r23"/>
-                                <KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                                  <KIND REF="p15"/>
-                                  <MODIFIER REF="r23"/>
-                                </KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                              </PREDICATION>
-                            </FORMULA>
-                          </CONNECTIVE>
-                          <CONNECTOR SOURCE-WORD="tanru">
-                            <LOCUS VALUE="DESCRIPTION"/>
-                          </CONNECTOR>
-                        </FORMULA>
-                      </BODY>
-                    </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
-                  </ENTITY>
-                </DEFS>
-                <REFERENCE REF="p28"/>
-                <FORMULA>
-                  <DEFS>
-                    <RELATION ID="r36" PARAMETERS="v30" ARITY="1">
-                      <BODY>
-                        <EXISTS>
-                          <VARIABLE ID="e31" SORT="Eventuality"/>
-                          <BODY>
-                            <PREDICATION PREDICATE="mulno" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
-                              <EVENT REF="e31"/>
-                              <ARG INDEX="1" REF="v30"/>
-                              <ARG INDEX="2">
-                                <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                              </ARG>
-                              <ARG INDEX="3">
-                                <UNSPECIFIED-REFERENT/>
-                              </ARG>
-                            </PREDICATION>
-                          </BODY>
-                        </EXISTS>
-                      </BODY>
-                    </RELATION>
-                    <PARAMETER ID="v30" SORT="Entity" ROLE="PROPERTY_SLOT"/>
-                  </DEFS>
-                  <PREDICATION PREDICATE="tanru" MODE="ASSERTED">
-                    <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
-                    <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r36"/>
-                    <KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                      <KIND REF="p28"/>
-                      <MODIFIER REF="r36"/>
-                    </KIND-COMPOSITION>
-                  </PREDICATION>
-                </FORMULA>
-              </CONNECTIVE>
-              <CONNECTOR SOURCE-WORD="tanru">
-                <LOCUS VALUE="SELBRI"/>
-              </CONNECTOR>
+              <DEFS>
+                <ENTITY ID="r7">
+                  <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
+                    <BODY>
+                      <PREDICATION PREDICATE="li'imdu" MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
+                        <ARG INDEX="1" REF="r7"/>
+                        <ARG INDEX="2" REF="SOME"/>
+                        <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
+                      </PREDICATION>
+                    </BODY>
+                  </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
+                </ENTITY>
+                <ENTITY ID="r12">
+                  <VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
+                    <BODY>
+                      <PREDICATION MODE="RESTRICTIVE">
+                        <KIND-COMPOSITION>
+                          <KIND PREDICATE="gusni" PARTICIPANT-PLACE="2"/>
+                          <MODIFIER PREDICATE="nalmucti"/>
+                        </KIND-COMPOSITION>
+                        <ARG INDEX="1" REF="SOME"/>
+                        <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r12"/>
+                        <ARG INDEX="3" REF="SOME"/>
+                      </PREDICATION>
+                    </BODY>
+                  </VERIDICAL-DESCRIPTION>
+                </ENTITY>
+              </DEFS>
+              <PREDICATION MODE="ASSERTED">
+                <KIND-COMPOSITION>
+                  <KIND PREDICATE="gusni" PARTICIPANT-PLACE="2"/>
+                  <MODIFIER PREDICATE="mulno"/>
+                </KIND-COMPOSITION>
+                <EVENT REF="e6"/>
+                <ARG INDEX="1" REF="SOME"/>
+                <ARG INDEX="2" REF="r7"/>
+                <ARG INDEX="3" REF="r12"/>
+              </PREDICATION>
             </FORMULA>
           </BODY>
         </EXISTS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b57.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b57.xml.txt
index 90a3bea5b2..f5da5451a6 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b57.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b57.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b57">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (11 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>bound-variable surface word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b58.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b58.xml.txt
index 30370b441d..50543ada7d 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b58.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b58.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b58">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (8 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/medium-quantified.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/medium-quantified.xml.txt
index 7e544c8b10..46be1a52fa 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/medium-quantified.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/medium-quantified.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="medium-quantified">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (28 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>quantity value text provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/numeral-price.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/numeral-price.xml.txt
index 791aa559ba..4c076f161d 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/numeral-price.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/numeral-price.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="numeral-price">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (18 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (2 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (7 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/paragraph-narrative.frozen.json b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/paragraph-narrative.frozen.json
index fcb2c207b5..445ee70250 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/paragraph-narrative.frozen.json
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/paragraph-narrative.frozen.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
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na djica lo nu mi cilre","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"eventuality:68":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","content":"formula:74","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":130,"byteEnd":144},"text":"lo nu mi cilre","construct":"description"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"mi pu klama lo zarci","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:42":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":71},"text":"le nanmu poi mi viska ke'a cu dunda lo cukta mi","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:66":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":75,"byteEnd":109},"text":"mi jinvi lo du'u le cukta cu melbi","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:79":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":118,"byteEnd":144},"text":"mi na djica lo nu mi cilre","construct":"bridi"}},"proposition:61":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"proposition","descriptor":{"kind":"veridicalDescription","word":"lo","speaker":"entity:1"},"body":"formula:60","source":{"span":{"byteStart":84,"byteEnd":109},"text":"lo du'u le cukta cu melbi","construct":"description"}},"relation:26":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:25","parameters":["parameter:23"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":27,"byteEnd":32},"text":"nanmu","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"relation:53":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:52","parameters":["parameter:46"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":95,"byteEnd":100},"text":"cukta","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/paragraph-narrative.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/paragraph-narrative.xml.txt
index f2ec874a52..33ab4ffd3c 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/paragraph-narrative.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/paragraph-narrative.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="paragraph-narrative">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (54 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (6 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (26 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <SEQUENCE RELATION="SAME_TOPIC_CONTINUATION">
     <DEFS>
       <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
@@ -36,7 +60,7 @@
         <CONTENT REF="f78"/>
         <ASIDES>
           <ASIDE>
-            <DISPLAYED-CONTENT RELATION="ku'i" FAMILY="METALINGUISTIC" POLARITY="POSITIVE" ASSERTION-EFFECT="NONE" TARGET-FOCUS="BRIDI">
+            <DISPLAYED-CONTENT RELATION="ku'i" FAMILY="METALINGUISTIC" POLARITY="POSITIVE" ASSERTION-EFFECT="NONE" TARGET-FOCUS="CLAUSE">
               <EXPERIENCER REF="r1"/>
               <TARGET REF="f78"/>
               <ANCHOR REF="u8"/>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/small-mi-klama.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/small-mi-klama.xml.txt
index b297356f46..920ea6daf1 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/small-mi-klama.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/small-mi-klama.xml.txt
@@ -1,32 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="small-mi-klama">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (5 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b59.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b59.xml.txt
index 33a9b0a7d9..631a7fe1e7 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b59.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b59.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b59">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (12 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (7 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b60.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b60.xml.txt
index 5cfaa06276..61cfdf85b8 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b60.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b60.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b60">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (10 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (6 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/referent-sort-abstraction/b61.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/referent-sort-abstraction/b61.xml.txt
index 2c3195365b..0ea73af3c9 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/referent-sort-abstraction/b61.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/referent-sort-abstraction/b61.xml.txt
@@ -1,33 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b61">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (11 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (4 fields)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/sign-quotation/b62.xml.txt b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/sign-quotation/b62.xml.txt
index 9a79af103a..c78d00619d 100644
--- a/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/sign-quotation/b62.xml.txt
+++ b/crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/sign-quotation/b62.xml.txt
@@ -1,34 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions.
+
+ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.
+
+SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.
+
+EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.
+
+KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot of a PREDICATION is the predication's composed predicate, replacing PREDICATE= exactly when the predicate is composite (the same compact/composite dichotomy as ADJUNCT, one level up): MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure and eventuality. Predicating the composition entails the KIND predication of the enclosing PREDICATION's EVENT and ARGs together with an underspecified modification connection between KIND's exposed place-1 participant and the relation denoted by MODIFIER; it does not by itself entail that the participant satisfies MODIFIER. Silence is the underspecification, not intersection: when a speaker makes the stronger claim, it appears as its own conjunct. CONNECTION= is reserved for a future resolved-connection marker and is never emitted; its absence means UNSPECIFIED.
+
+PREDICATE= on KIND, MODIFIER, or a relation-expression RELATION leaf is the compact lexical form: PARTICIPANT-PLACE= marks the lexical place the composition participant fills and defaults to 1, each omitted unfilled lexical place elaborates to a distinct ordinary elided-place node, and the operand's own eventuality is fresh and locally existentially bound. BODY wraps a composite operand instead: a nested KIND-COMPOSITION, a CONNECTIVE conjoining co-modifiers of the same head participant, or a RELATION lambda or abstraction subtree.
+
+GROUPING= on KIND-COMPOSITION states the basis of the displayed composition tree; silence means ASSUMED-LEFT, the deterministic grammar default. EXPLICIT appears only where the text itself encodes the grouping: at the tree root when every edge is explicit, per node when one tree mixes explicit and default edges. CONNECTION= and GROUPING= defaults are semantic defaults of this notation, not a generic rule for arbitrary absent attributes.
+
+CONNECTIVE carries OPERATOR= and, only when the graph records a truth table that OPERATOR= does not already determine, TRUTH-TABLE=. A connective question's bound parameter appears as the PARAMETER= attribute of its connective formula. The surface connective word and its grammatical locus are derivational provenance and never appear in default output.
+
+Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.
+
+REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).
+
+DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.
+
+EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.
+
+Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.
+
+POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.
+
+References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.
+
+PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.
+
+A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.
+
+Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.
+
+EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.
+
+ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.
+
+UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.
+
+MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.
+
+Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.
+
+A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.
+
+Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.
+-->
 <SFN VERSION="0" DOC="b62">
-  <KEY>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ids">ID= marks the definition of a shared graph node except a speech-situation referent; DEICTIC-GROUND SPEAKER-REF=/AUDIENCE-REF=/TIME-REF=/PLACE-REF= values are the sole definition sites for those referent ids. REF= and named *-REF= attributes point to discourse referents. GROUND= points to a deictic-ground unit and is the sole suffix exception. Later REF= occurrences are exact-node reuse. Graph-node ids are opaque and JSON-aligned; distinct ids assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="lexical-categories">UPPERCASE = structural keywords (element and attribute names); PascalCase = sorts; lowercase = content words as data values only; quoted attribute strings = names.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="sorts">SORT= values are flat PascalCase sort names. Subtype facts derived from encountered JSON sort paths: Locution ⊂ Eventuality. LOCUTION implies sort Locution and therefore omits SORT=.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="embedded-questions">EMBEDDED-QUESTIONS preserves typed QUESTION metadata attached to the abstraction formula named by QUESTION/BODY. KIND, MODE, and DOMAIN classify the question; ASKER, RESPONDENT, SLOTS, FOCUS, and PRESUPPOSED-ANSWER preserve its participants. SLOT parameters bind only the question BODY.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="kind-composition">KIND-COMPOSITION is first-class predication content: MODIFIER A of KIND B denotes an A-modified kind of B while retaining B's place structure. The exact modifier-to-kind relation remains unspecified; nesting preserves the semantic graph's grouping. RELATION-LABEL is derivational provenance and appears only in provenance mode.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="warnings">Each semantic diagnostic is one repeatable WARNING text element; its character content is the diagnostic message.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="some">REF="SOME" denotes a distinct elided node per occurrence; distinct nodes assert neither identity (=) nor non-identity (≠).</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="ground">DEICTIC-GROUND is the shared speech-situation unit selected by UTTERANCE GROUND=. Its g-prefixed ID is a notation-level rendering id because the JSON has no ground object id; if the graph gains context ids, the rendering must align. Ground units share one definition ⇔ their SPEAKER-REF/AUDIENCE-REF/TIME-REF/PLACE-REF graph referents are pairwise identical.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="quantifiers">EXISTS, FORALL, and CARDINALITY are binder elements; VARIABLE defines its variable ID=/SORT= at the binder site; use sites carry REF=. RESTRICTION and BODY are loud sibling elements; EXISTS writes RESTRICTION exactly when the graph supplies one; FORALL and CARDINALITY always write RESTRICTION explicitly, empty as RESTRICTION/.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence">Scope-dependence markers compare a referent's scopeDependence with the semantic graph derivation's authoritative first-visit binder universe, which is not a lexical-enclosure set. Silence means that the referent may depend on the full first-visit universe. SAME-FOR-ALL means that it is fixed despite a nonempty first-visit universe.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="scope-dependence-subsets">POSSIBLY-DIFFERENT-PER= is a space-separated strict nonempty subset of the first-visit quantifier-variable or abstraction/question-parameter ids on which a referent may depend.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="number-neutrality">References are number-neutral: a reference may denote one or several individuals; the only number commitments are explicit quantities on descriptions, cardinality binders, or mass restrictions.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="personal-reference">PERSONAL-MASS-MEMBERSHIP states whether SPEAKER and AUDIENCE are INCLUDED or EXCLUDED and points to any additional included OTHERS. DEICTIC-REFERENCE states PROXIMITY to a discourse-referent GROUND-REF. These structures carry the semantics; no pro-sumti label is implied.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="speaker-anchor">A description is anchored to its enclosing utterance's speaker. SPEAKER-REF= on a description, or BY inside NAMED, appears only when the anchor differs from that enclosing speaker.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="facet-silence">Absent facet attribute ⇒ UNSPECIFIED (no commitment). Facet attributes: TIME, ACTUALITY, ASPECT, RECURRENCE, SPACE, SPATIAL-ASPECT, SPATIAL-RECURRENCE, DETAILS.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="event-field">EVENT is the reserved first child of a PREDICATION, its Eventuality referent, never a numbered ARG.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="adjuncts">ADJUNCT introduces a predicate-keyed optional participant of the host predication; PREDICATE= with flat ARG children is the compact single-lexical-predicate place map; without PREDICATE=, BODY carries the composite predicate subtree; ARG FILL="true" marks the unique explicit non-host filled place; a non-unique graph stays complete and carries FILL-STATUS; APPLIES-TO links the host component.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="pro-sumti">UNRESOLVED-REFERENT WORD= is a word-only stopgap only for referents that remain unresolved after the jbotci#690 KOhA audit; the quoted WORD value is the stopgap's whole content. Bound-variable surface words are provenance-only.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="mode">MODE vocabulary: ASSERTED=main claim; RESTRICTIVE=restriction; INCIDENTAL=side claim; INERT=embedded nonclaim; DEFINITIONAL=identity definition; PERFORMATIVE=speech act. MODE is a required attribute on PREDICATION.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="defs">Every non-binder graph-node definition and every DEICTIC-GROUND definition sits in DEFS in the smallest graph scope strictly containing all uses; an attribute reference on element X is a use at X's position. Quantifier VARIABLE precedes its scope's DEFS; all graph-node uses outside their definition site are references.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="atomic-lists">A list of simple ids or numbers is a space-separated NMTOKENS attribute, never a sequence of child elements; semantic structure remains element-valued.</RULE>
-    <RULE TOPIC="order">Child order is fixed per element; CONNECTIVE child order is semantically significant; childless elements self-close.</RULE>
-  </KEY>
-  <WAIVERS>
-    <WAIVER>*.source provenance (18 records: spans, witness text, construct labels)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>*.introducedBy provenance (6 fields)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>quantity value text provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-    <WAIVER>bound-variable surface word provenance (1 field)</WAIVER>
-  </WAIVERS>
   <DEFS>
     <DEICTIC-GROUND ID="g1" SPEAKER-REF="r1" AUDIENCE-REF="r2" TIME-REF="e3" PLACE-REF="r4"/>
   </DEFS>
diff --git a/docs/semantic-model-cll-encodings.md b/docs/semantic-model-cll-encodings.md
index ea453a4f8b..f0ac25b3ed 100644
--- a/docs/semantic-model-cll-encodings.md
+++ b/docs/semantic-model-cll-encodings.md
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ FRM f1 : not(p1)
 to the predication: it is a positive claim at another point on a scale, not
 contradictory negation. `be ci'u ...` supplies the scale definition. **`na'i`
 (metalinguistic)** → `DSP d : family=metalinguistic, relation=na'i,
-target=⟨the bridi/term⟩, targetFocus=bridi|selbri,
+target=⟨the bridi/term⟩, targetFocus=clause|predicate,
 assertionEffect=metalinguisticallyVoided` (flags a false presupposition; no
 truth value, not a `not`).
 
diff --git a/docs/semantic-model-design.md b/docs/semantic-model-design.md
index b19f18b784..419043b624 100644
--- a/docs/semantic-model-design.md
+++ b/docs/semantic-model-design.md
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ KIND id : attr=val, attr=val, …
 | `FRM` | a logical formula | atom, connective, quantifier, `quantifierBundle`, or `respectivelyDistribution`; optionally owns generated events through `boundEventualities` |
 | `SGN` | a sign referent | public `type:"referent"`, `sort:"sign"`; `kind`, `text`/`letterals`/`quotation`, optional `denotes` |
 | `SEQ` | a discourse sequence | ordered `items`, optional formula/question `content`, `connectionClaims`, typed paragraph `relation`, optional `nonlogicalConnection`/`elidedConnectionOperand`; may own generated events when no formula LCA exists |
-| `DSP` | a displayed object (attitudinal/evidential/metalinguistic/emphasis) | `family`, `relation`, `experiencer`=⟨REF-id⟩, `target`=⟨id⟩, optional `targetFocus`=bridi\|selbri, `anchor`=⟨UTT-id⟩, `intensity`, `polarity`, `phase`, `modifiers`, `assertionEffect` |
+| `DSP` | a displayed object (attitudinal/evidential/metalinguistic/emphasis) | `family`, `relation`, `experiencer`=⟨REF-id⟩, `target`=⟨id⟩, optional `targetFocus`=clause\|predicate, `anchor`=⟨UTT-id⟩, `intensity`, `polarity`, `phase`, `modifiers`, `assertionEffect` |
 | `MEX` | a mathematical expression (mekso operand language) | `operator`, `operands`; or a typed `literal`; questioned operators use `operatorParameter` |
 | `QTY` | a quantity | `form`, exactly one value representation, `scale`; `questionParameters` on `xo` values |
 | `REL` | mechanical relation metadata for nonce lujvo | `relation`, resolved `sourceWords`, typed rafsi `expansion` — **no lujvo place claims; annotation only, never part of any `FRM`** |
@@ -242,7 +242,10 @@ The bound `v` is still a global `REF kind=var`; the quantifier node binds it ove
 
 **Tanru** desugar in the `FRM` under a **single uniform schema**. The tertau `T` carries the primary meaning, dictates the place structure, and supplies the **one** eventuality of the bridi; the seltau is a **modifier**, not a free-standing predication:
 
-> `T(eT; x, …) ∧ R[tanru](x, ⟨ka ce'u S⟩)`
+> `T(eT; x, …) ∧ C(x, ⟨ka ce'u S⟩)`
+
+where `C` is the typed composition link (see the JSON note below), not a named
+relation.
 
 The seltau is reified as the kind/property `⟨ka ce'u S⟩`, a direct
 `sort=relation` referent whose non-`ce'u` places are existentially closed
@@ -253,19 +256,21 @@ rather than fabricated. Only the tertau event is the tanru head event; events
 inside the modifier relation remain scoped in its body. Connected tanru units,
 `be`/`bei`, `co`, and `SE` retain their structural place and event behavior.
 
-In JSON, the vague link predication uses the stable relation label `tanru` and
-a typed `tanruLink` sidecar (`head`, `modifier`, `relationLabel`) rather than
-encoding the constituent structure in the relation string.
+In JSON, the link predication's relation is the typed
+`PredicationRelation::Composition` variant — it carries **no relation name**
+(the former fake label `tanru` is gone); the content lives in the typed
+`tanruLink` sidecar (`head`, `modifier`, `relationLabel`) rather than in a
+relation string. The `relationLabel` itself is derivational provenance only.
 For `barda nanla`, the asserted `nanla` predication is the head and the direct
-relation-sort `barda` property is the modifier; the `tanru` predication and its
-`tanruLink` preserve that asymmetry. `sutra bajra` has the same shape with
-`bajra` as head and the `sutra` property as modifier. Even a conventionally
-intersective example such as `remna nakni` retains this uniform shape; the
-model does not guess a special tanru reading from lexical familiarity. The
-same representation handles asymmetrical `cinfo kerfa` without asserting that
-the mane is a lion, and likewise leaves the contextual link in `rokci cinfo`
-or `junla dadysli` explicit rather than inventing a concrete modifier
-referent.
+relation-sort `barda` property is the modifier; the composition predication
+and its `tanruLink` preserve that asymmetry. `sutra bajra` has the same shape
+with `bajra` as head and the `sutra` property as modifier. Even a
+conventionally intersective example such as `remna nakni` retains this uniform
+shape; the model does not guess a special tanru reading from lexical
+familiarity. The same representation handles asymmetrical `cinfo kerfa`
+without asserting that the mane is a lion, and likewise leaves the contextual
+link in `rokci cinfo` or `junla dadysli` explicit rather than inventing a
+concrete modifier referent.
 
 **Lujvo** do **not** desugar in the `FRM`. A lujvo's `rel` is an atomic relation
 symbol. For a dictionary lujvo, the hand-authored definition is authoritative
@@ -343,7 +348,7 @@ DSP id : family=⟨emotion|propositionalAttitude|evidential|metalinguistic|empha
          intensity=⟨cai|sai|ru'e|cu'i⟩, polarity=⟨+|cu'i|nai⟩, phase=⟨bu'o:start|continue|end⟩
 ```
 - **Scope/target by placement:** sentence-initial or post-selbri indicators
-  target the relevant formula and retain `targetFocus=bridi|selbri` when that
+  target the relevant formula and retain `targetFocus=clause|predicate` when that
   distinction matters; an indicator immediately after a sumti targets that
   sumti.
 - **Pure emotion** (`.ui`/`.oi`/`.iu`…): host bridi **stays asserted**; the `DSP` displays an emotion about the target.
diff --git a/docs/semantic-model-spec.md b/docs/semantic-model-spec.md
index 1e66f7ae3a..f534589b40 100644
--- a/docs/semantic-model-spec.md
+++ b/docs/semantic-model-spec.md
@@ -249,7 +249,10 @@ truth-functional formula.
   "relation": "same-topic-continuation",
   "nonlogicalConnection": {
     "operator": "mass",
-    "connector": { "source": "joi", "locus": "statement" }
+    "connector": {
+      "source": { "kind": "surfaceWord", "word": "joi" },
+      "locus": "statement"
+    }
   },
   "elidedConnectionOperand": "priorDiscourse"
 }
@@ -787,7 +790,10 @@ use their tertau/eventuality as their primary event.
   "formula:1016": {
     "type": "formula",
     "operator": "or",
-    "connector": { "source": "a du'i bo", "locus": "sumti" },
+    "connector": {
+      "source": { "kind": "surfaceWord", "word": "a du'i bo" },
+      "locus": "argument"
+    },
     "children": [
       "formula:1017",
       "formula:1018",
@@ -1030,7 +1036,7 @@ When a parenthesized mekso used as a sumti quantifier has a logical operand
 connective, the connective has formula scope over the resulting quantified
 claims.  For CLL 14.149/14.150, `vei ci .a vo prenu cu klama le zarci` is not a
 single cardinality formula with an opaque quantity; it is an `or` formula with
-`connector.locus = "mekso-operand"` whose children are the two cardinality
+`connector.locus = "operand"` whose children are the two cardinality
 formulas using quantities 3 and 4.  Shared surrounding semantic material such as
 `le zarci` remains shared by id.
 
@@ -2291,8 +2297,8 @@ Connective:
   "operator": "and",
   "children": ["formula:1074", "formula:1075"],
   "connector": {
-    "source": "je",
-    "locus": "selbri",
+    "source": { "kind": "surfaceWord", "word": "je" },
+    "locus": "predicate",
     "truthTable": "TFFF"
   }
 }
@@ -2468,6 +2474,18 @@ connective between arguments can have the same truth table but different
 sharing behavior for eventualities, arguments, or quantifier scope.  This is an
 amendment from the earlier model.
 
+`connector.source` is a tagged object, not a bare string: a connective that
+appears in the text records `{ "kind": "surfaceWord", "word": <the surface
+marker> }`, while the implicit juxtaposition connective synthesized for a
+tanru run has no surface word and records `{ "kind": "implicitJuxtaposition" }`.
+`connector.locus` uses the English ConnectorLocus vocabulary (`statement`,
+`argument`, `term`, `termSet`, `tense`, `tag`, `operand`, `clause`,
+`predicatePhrase`, `predicate`, `predicateInversion`, `predicateUnit`,
+`propertyAbstraction`, `propertyInversion`, `abstraction`, `description`,
+`mathOperator`, `bareRaisedParticipant`); Lojban grammar terms such as
+`selbri`, `bridi`, or `sumti` are parser vocabulary and never appear as locus
+values.
+
 `respectivelyDistribution` records the truth-conditional zip introduced by
 `fa'u` when multiple parallel streams co-vary by index.  Its `body` is the
 formula being distributed.  Each entry in `streams` has a `slot` parameter with
@@ -2572,7 +2590,7 @@ formula connectives.  They stay on the `sequence` as:
   "nonlogicalConnection": {
     "operator": "mass",
     "connector": {
-      "source": "joi",
+      "source": { "kind": "surfaceWord", "word": "joi" },
       "locus": "statement"
     }
   }
@@ -2593,7 +2611,10 @@ For `ta cinfo kerfa`:
   "type": "formula",
   "operator": "and",
   "children": ["formula:1099", "formula:1100"],
-  "connector": { "source": "tanru", "locus": "selbri" }
+  "connector": {
+    "source": { "kind": "implicitJuxtaposition" },
+    "locus": "predicate"
+  }
 }
 ```
 
@@ -2634,7 +2655,6 @@ For `ta cinfo kerfa`:
 ```json
 {
   "type": "predication",
-  "relation": "tanru",
   "tanruLink": {
     "head": "predication:1104",
     "modifier": "relation:1105",
@@ -2648,6 +2668,11 @@ For `ta cinfo kerfa`:
 }
 ```
 
+A tanru-link predication carries no `relation` field: its typed relation is a
+predicate composition whose real content lives in the `tanruLink` sidecar
+(`head`, `modifier`, and the display-only `relationLabel`), so there is no
+relation name to state.
+
 This asserts that the referent is a mane and stands in some tanru relation to
 the property of being a lion.  It does not assert `cinfo(entity:1101)`, and
 it does not create a separate concrete lion referent.  Intersective readings
@@ -2663,7 +2688,7 @@ of the enclosing bridi.  For example, `mi troci co klama le zarci le zdani`
 has an asserted `troci` predication with its x2 and x3 elided, plus a tanru
 modifier property whose `klama` body has x2 filled by `le zarci` and x3 filled
 by `le zdani`.  The formula connective for this case uses
-`connector.locus = "selbri-inversion"` so consumers can see that the surface
+`connector.locus = "predicateInversion"` so consumers can see that the surface
 used `co` without changing the semantic graph shape.
 
 Logical connectives inside a tanru modifier do not create a vague relation
@@ -2699,7 +2724,6 @@ and the tanru link points to a composite concept:
 ```json
 {
   "type": "predication",
-  "relation": "tanru",
   "tanruLink": {
     "head": "predication:1106",
     "modifier": "entity:1107",
@@ -3209,7 +3233,7 @@ emphasis, and metalinguistic operators live here.
   "relation": "happiness",
   "experiencer": "entity:1",
   "target": "formula:1117",
-  "targetFocus": "bridi",
+  "targetFocus": "clause",
   "anchor": "utterance:1004",
   "polarity": "positive",
   "assertionEffect": "none"
@@ -3268,8 +3292,9 @@ Metalinguistic `na'i` uses `family:"metalinguistic"` and
 negation; the host predication is marked inert because the utterance is being
 challenged as mis-posed rather than asserted as true or false.  When the same
 formula can be targeted at different levels, `targetFocus` records the intended
-surface focus: leading `na'i go'i` has `targetFocus:"bridi"`, while post-selbri
-`go'i na'i` has `targetFocus:"selbri"`.
+surface focus: leading `na'i go'i` has `targetFocus:"clause"` (the whole bridi),
+while post-selbri `go'i na'i` has `targetFocus:"predicate"` (the selbri
+surface).
 
 ```json
 {
@@ -3277,7 +3302,7 @@ surface focus: leading `na'i go'i` has `targetFocus:"bridi"`, while post-selbri
   "relation": "metalinguisticNegation",
   "family": "metalinguistic",
   "target": "formula:1120",
-  "targetFocus": "selbri",
+  "targetFocus": "predicate",
   "anchor": "utterance:1004",
   "assertionEffect": "metalinguisticallyVoided"
 }
@@ -3551,7 +3576,7 @@ Logical connectives between mekso operators are not serialized as fused operator
 strings.  When such a connected operator occurs in a `li ... du ...` identity
 claim, the identity claim branches at formula level.  For CLL 14.151/14.152,
 `li re su'i je pi'i re du li vo` becomes an `and` formula with
-`connector.locus = "mekso-operator"` over two identity atoms: one for
+`connector.locus = "mathOperator"` over two identity atoms: one for
 `re su'i re = vo` and one for `re pi'i re = vo`.
 
 ### quantity
@@ -4049,7 +4074,7 @@ These are the semantic object-model changes relative to
 10. Added tanru inversion lowering for `co`.
    `B co A` is serialized with the same tertau-plus-property schema as `A B`.
    Post-`co` sumti fill the seltau property's places, and the top-level
-   connective records `connector.locus = "selbri-inversion"` to preserve the
+   connective records `connector.locus = "predicateInversion"` to preserve the
    surface scope.  This is a graph-construction amendment, not a new object
    type.
 
@@ -5377,7 +5402,8 @@ implementation gaps are listed separately in “Known Implementation Divergences
     plus a display-only `relationLabel`. Same graph shape, same (deliberately vague)
     truth conditions, but head/modifier roles become machine-readable (removes an
     untyped-blob strong-typing violation). Implemented in `tersmu` v1: the link
-    predication uses `relation:"tanru"` and the constituent label lives only in
+    predication carries no `relation` field (its typed relation is a
+    composition) and the constituent label lives only in
     `tanruLink.relationLabel`.
 
 13. **`lo'e`/`le'e` body non-veridicality (#9) — implement (the narrow real bug).**
@@ -5455,7 +5481,8 @@ implementation gaps are listed separately in “Known Implementation Divergences
 20. **Metalinguistic `na'i` target and assertion effect (#53, #54) — extend.**
     `na'i` is displayed content, not formula negation.  Add
     `DisplayedContent.targetFocus` so leading `na'i go'i` can target the whole
-    bridi while post-selbri `go'i na'i` targets the selbri/formula surface, and
+    bridi (`targetFocus:"clause"`) while post-selbri `go'i na'i` targets the
+    selbri/formula surface (`targetFocus:"predicate"`), and
     add `assertionEffect:"metalinguisticallyVoided"` so consumers know the host
     is not asserted true or false.  The affected host predications are inert.
     Implemented in `tersmu` v1.
@@ -5464,7 +5491,7 @@ implementation gaps are listed separately in “Known Implementation Divergences
     indicators attached to `.i je`/`.i ja` target the statement-connection
     formula, not either operand alone.  No new object type is needed; the
     displayed-content target points at the combined formula and uses
-    `targetFocus:"bridi"`.  Implemented in `tersmu` v1.
+    `targetFocus:"clause"`.  Implemented in `tersmu` v1.
 
 22. **Scalar-negation argument scope (#57) — extend.** Add optional
     `scalarNegation.argumentScope`, a list of numbered places syntactically
@@ -5587,10 +5614,10 @@ implementation gaps are listed separately in “Known Implementation Divergences
     represented by the quotation/sign edge that contains it, not by rewriting its
     force to `mention`.
 
-34. **Tanru connector locus spelling (#90) — doc correction.** The canonical
-    connector locus for tanru formula links is `"selbri"`.  Stale examples using
-    `"predicate"` are non-normative and should be updated or treated as a
-    deprecated alias only if consumer compatibility requires it.
+34. **Tanru connector locus spelling (#90, updated by #719) — doc correction.**
+    The canonical connector locus for tanru formula links is `"predicate"`,
+    from the English ConnectorLocus vocabulary adopted by #719; the former
+    `"selbri"` spelling is retired.
 
 35. **MAI/MO'O ordinal labels (#114) — extend.** Numerical free modifiers headed
     by `mai`/`mo'o` are truth-conditionally inert labels.  Add an ordinal label
diff --git a/scripts/migrate_issue_719_json.py b/scripts/migrate_issue_719_json.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f85aa9df80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/migrate_issue_719_json.py
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Issue #719: mechanical migration of semantic-JSON expectation surfaces.
+
+Applies exactly four model-typing transformations to canonical
+`lojban-semantics-json-1` documents, and proves nothing else changes:
+
+1. `connector.source` magic strings become the typed ConnectorSource shape:
+   `"source": "tanru"` (the synthesized sentinel) becomes
+   `{"kind": "implicitJuxtaposition"}`; every other surface word `w` becomes
+   `{"kind": "surfaceWord", "word": w}`.
+2. `connector.locus` strings become the English ConnectorLocus vocabulary
+   (mapping table below; anything unmapped is a hard error).
+3. The fake relation name is dropped: a predication carrying a `tanruLink`
+   must have `"relation": "tanru"` and loses the field; conversely no other
+   predication may carry `"relation": "tanru"`.
+4. `displayedContent.targetFocus` magic strings become English:
+   `"targetFocus": "bridi"` becomes `"clause"` and `"targetFocus": "selbri"`
+   becomes `"predicate"` (exact match on those two strings only, wherever the
+   field occurs; anything else is a hard error).
+
+Every JSON file is roundtrip-checked (`json.dumps(json.loads(x)) == x`) before
+rewriting so byte layout (key order, separators, UTF-8) is provably preserved.
+Use `--verify-pipeline` to additionally rebuild each frozen document from its
+own recorded source text through the given freshly built `jbotci` binary and
+require byte equality with the transformed expectation.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+LOCUS_MAP = {
+    "statement": "statement",
+    "sumti": "argument",
+    "term": "term",
+    "termset": "termSet",
+    "tense": "tense",
+    "modal": "tag",
+    "modal-argument": "tag",
+    "operand": "operand",
+    "mekso-operand": "operand",
+    "bridi": "clause",
+    "bridiTail": "predicatePhrase",
+    "selbri": "predicate",
+    "selbri-inversion": "predicateInversion",
+    "tanru-unit": "predicateUnit",
+    "property-abstraction": "propertyAbstraction",
+    "property-inversion": "propertyInversion",
+    "abstraction": "abstraction",
+    "description": "description",
+    "mekso-operator": "mathOperator",
+    "bare-jai-raised-participant": "bareRaisedParticipant",
+}
+
+TARGET_FOCUS_MAP = {
+    "bridi": "clause",
+    "selbri": "predicate",
+}
+
+
+class MigrationError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+def canonical(text: str) -> str:
+    return json.dumps(json.loads(text), ensure_ascii=False, separators=(",", ":"))
+
+
+def transform_value(value, stats, path):
+    """Apply the four transformations in place; fail on anything unexpected."""
+    if isinstance(value, list):
+        for item in value:
+            transform_value(item, stats, path)
+        return
+    if not isinstance(value, dict):
+        return
+    target_focus = value.get("targetFocus")
+    if target_focus is not None:
+        if target_focus in TARGET_FOCUS_MAP:
+            value["targetFocus"] = TARGET_FOCUS_MAP[target_focus]
+            stats["target_focus"] += 1
+        elif target_focus in TARGET_FOCUS_MAP.values():
+            # Already migrated: the English vocabulary is already in place.
+            stats["already_migrated"] += 0
+        else:
+            raise MigrationError(
+                f"{path}: unmapped displayedContent.targetFocus {target_focus!r}"
+            )
+    if "tanruLink" in value:
+        relation = value.pop("relation", None)
+        if relation is None:
+            # Already migrated: the fake relation name is simply absent.
+            stats["already_migrated"] += 0
+        elif relation != "tanru":
+            raise MigrationError(
+                f"{path}: tanruLink predication carries relation {relation!r},"
+                " expected the fake 'tanru' name"
+            )
+        else:
+            stats["relation_dropped"] += 1
+    elif value.get("relation") == "tanru":
+        raise MigrationError(
+            f"{path}: predication without tanruLink carries the fake 'tanru' relation"
+        )
+    connector = value.get("connector")
+    if connector is not None:
+        if not isinstance(connector, dict):
+            raise MigrationError(f"{path}: connector is not an object: {connector!r}")
+        source = connector.get("source")
+        if isinstance(source, dict):
+            # Already migrated: validate the typed shape and move on.
+            kind = source.get("kind")
+            if kind not in ("surfaceWord", "implicitJuxtaposition"):
+                raise MigrationError(f"{path}: invalid connector.source kind {kind!r}")
+            if kind == "surfaceWord" and not isinstance(source.get("word"), str):
+                raise MigrationError(f"{path}: surfaceWord connector lacks its word")
+            locus = connector.get("locus")
+            if locus not in LOCUS_MAP.values():
+                raise MigrationError(f"{path}: invalid typed connector.locus {locus!r}")
+            stats["already_migrated"] += 1
+        else:
+            if not isinstance(source, str):
+                raise MigrationError(f"{path}: connector.source is not a string: {source!r}")
+            connector["source"] = (
+                {"kind": "implicitJuxtaposition"}
+                if source == "tanru"
+                else {"kind": "surfaceWord", "word": source}
+            )
+            stats["connector_sources"] += 1
+            if source == "tanru":
+                stats["implicit_sources"] += 1
+            locus = connector.get("locus")
+            if not isinstance(locus, str) or locus not in LOCUS_MAP:
+                raise MigrationError(f"{path}: unmapped connector.locus {locus!r}")
+            connector["locus"] = LOCUS_MAP[locus]
+            stats["loci"] += 1
+    for item in value.values():
+        transform_value(item, stats, path)
+
+
+def transform_json_text(text: str, path: str, stats) -> str:
+    if canonical(text) != text:
+        raise MigrationError(f"{path}: JSON does not roundtrip byte-exactly")
+    document = json.loads(text)
+    transform_value(document, stats, path)
+    return json.dumps(document, ensure_ascii=False, separators=(",", ":"))
+
+
+def dump(document, pretty: bool) -> str:
+    if pretty:
+        return json.dumps(document, ensure_ascii=False, indent=1)
+    return json.dumps(document, ensure_ascii=False, separators=(",", ":"))
+
+
+def transform_json_file_text(text: str, path: str, stats) -> str:
+    """Transform a whole file's JSON, preserving its trailing-newline layout
+    and its byte format (compact, spaced compact, or indent=1 pretty)."""
+    body = text.rstrip("\n")
+    document = json.loads(body)
+    dumps = (
+        lambda: json.dumps(document, ensure_ascii=False, separators=(",", ":")),
+        lambda: json.dumps(document, ensure_ascii=False, separators=(", ", ": ")),
+        lambda: json.dumps(document, ensure_ascii=False, indent=1),
+    )
+    render = None
+    for candidate in dumps:
+        if candidate() == body:
+            render = candidate
+            break
+    if render is None:
+        raise MigrationError(f"{path}: JSON does not roundtrip byte-exactly")
+    transform_value(document, stats, path)
+    return render() + text[len(body):]
+
+
+def frozen_targets() -> list[Path]:
+    roots = [
+        Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus"),
+        Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus"),
+    ]
+    focused = Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions")
+    targets = []
+    for root in roots:
+        targets.extend(sorted(root.glob("*.frozen.json")))
+    targets.extend(sorted(focused.glob("*/*.frozen.json")))
+    return targets
+
+
+def toml_targets() -> list[Path]:
+    return sorted(Path("tests/fixtures").rglob("*.toml"))
+
+
+def migrate_toml(path: Path, stats, write: bool) -> bool:
+    text = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    changed = False
+    cursor = 0
+    markers = [('json = """', '"""'), ("json = '''", "'''"), ("json = '", "'")]
+    while True:
+        candidates = []
+        for marker, delimiter in markers:
+            pos = text.find(marker, cursor)
+            if pos != -1:
+                candidates.append((pos, -len(marker), marker, delimiter))
+        if not candidates:
+            break
+        _, _, marker, delimiter = min(candidates)
+        start = text.find(marker, cursor) + len(marker)
+        end = text.find(delimiter, start)
+        if end == -1:
+            raise MigrationError(f"{path}: unterminated json block")
+        json_text = text[start:end]
+        cursor = end + len(delimiter)
+        if (
+            '"connector"' not in json_text
+            and '"tanruLink"' not in json_text
+            and '"targetFocus"' not in json_text
+        ):
+            continue
+        if not json_text.lstrip().startswith('{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1"'):
+            continue
+        new_json = transform_json_text(json_text, str(path), stats)
+        if new_json != json_text:
+            text = text[:start] + new_json + text[end:]
+            cursor = start + len(new_json) + len(delimiter)
+            changed = True
+    if changed and write:
+        path.write_text(text, encoding="utf-8")
+    stats["toml_changed"] += changed
+    return changed
+
+
+def verify_pipeline(binary: Path, paths: list[Path]) -> list[str]:
+    """Rebuild each frozen document from its source text (the .lojban sibling
+    when one exists, else the root object's recorded text) and require byte
+    equality with the transformed expectation."""
+    failures = []
+    skipped = []
+    for path in paths:
+        lojban = path.with_name(path.name.replace(".frozen.json", ".lojban"))
+        phaseb_sibling = (
+            Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus") / lojban.name
+        )
+        if lojban.exists():
+            source_text = lojban.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip("\n")
+        elif phaseb_sibling.exists():
+            source_text = phaseb_sibling.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip("\n")
+        else:
+            document = json.loads(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+            root = document["root"]
+            source_text = document["objects"][root].get("source", {}).get("text")
+        if not source_text:
+            skipped.append(f"{path}: no source text to rebuild from")
+            continue
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            [str(binary), "tersmu", "--format", "json", source_text],
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+        )
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            failures.append(f"{path}: pipeline failed: {result.stderr.strip()[:200]}")
+            continue
+        produced = result.stdout.rstrip("\n")
+        expected = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+        if canonical(produced) != canonical(expected):
+            failures.append(f"{path}: rebuilt graph diverges from transformed expectation")
+    for skip in skipped:
+        print(f"  SKIP {skip}")
+    return failures
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--check", action="store_true", help="validate without writing")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--verify-pipeline",
+        type=Path,
+        metavar="JBOTCI",
+        help="rebuild frozen documents with this binary and byte-compare",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--no-transform",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="skip the transform pass (for verifying an already-migrated tree)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--skip-fixtures", action="store_true", help="only process frozen corpora"
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    stats = {
+        "relation_dropped": 0,
+        "connector_sources": 0,
+        "implicit_sources": 0,
+        "loci": 0,
+        "target_focus": 0,
+        "toml_changed": 0,
+        "frozen_changed": 0,
+        "already_migrated": 0,
+    }
+    frozen = frozen_targets()
+    if not args.no_transform:
+        for path in frozen:
+            text = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+            new_text = transform_json_file_text(text, str(path), stats)
+            if new_text != text:
+                stats["frozen_changed"] += 1
+                if not args.check:
+                    path.write_text(new_text, encoding="utf-8")
+        if not args.skip_fixtures:
+            for path in toml_targets():
+                migrate_toml(path, stats, write=not args.check)
+
+        print("migration summary:")
+        for key, value in stats.items():
+            print(f"  {key}: {value}")
+
+    if args.verify_pipeline:
+        failures = verify_pipeline(args.verify_pipeline, frozen)
+        if failures:
+            print("pipeline verification FAILURES:", file=sys.stderr)
+            for failure in failures:
+                print(f"  {failure}", file=sys.stderr)
+            return 1
+        print(f"pipeline verification: {len(frozen)} frozen documents rebuild byte-exactly")
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/scripts/verify_issue_719_output_migration.py b/scripts/verify_issue_719_output_migration.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9218462807
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/verify_issue_719_output_migration.py
@@ -0,0 +1,796 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Issue #719: prove the regenerated SFN goldens differ from the PR BASE
+(origin/main) only by the intended mechanical output-shape changes.
+
+XML goldens (xml_corpus/*.xml.txt, xml_focused_regressions/*/*.xml.txt):
+  1. the structured `<KEY><RULE TOPIC=...>` block becomes a single XML comment
+     before the root element (same teaching prose; the only allowed prose
+     edits are the enumerated kind-composition/grouping/connectives rules and
+     the compound-assumptions card rule);
+  2. the `<WAIVERS>` block is gone;
+  3. `<CONNECTOR>` elements are gone; a truth table the parent operator does
+     not already determine moves to a TRUTH-TABLE= attribute on the parent,
+     and a connective-question parameter to a PARAMETER= attribute — and only
+     a parent that actually had a CONNECTOR child may gain those attributes;
+  4. tanru head-AND-link scaffolding is replaced by the projected
+     KIND-COMPOSITION relation expression. A replaceable region is exactly an
+     element whose own CONNECTOR child spells the old implicit sentinel
+     (SOURCE-WORD="tanru") — nothing else in the document may change, and the
+     replacement subtree must carry a KIND-COMPOSITION (projected) or the loud
+     sidecar form. Semantic preservation of those regions is proven
+     separately by the rendered-surface re-expansion acceptance test.
+  5. `TARGET-FOCUS="SELBRI"` / `"BRIDI"` become `"PREDICATE"` / `"CLAUSE"`.
+
+smusni goldens (phaseb_corpus/*.smusni.txt, *.smusni-prov.txt): both profiles
+are parsed into declaration trees and compared structurally (no whitespace or
+brace erasure). Allowed transformations: drop CONNECTIVE SOURCE / LOCUS /
+RELATION: tanru fields and the WAIVED block; drop TRUTH TABLE fields whose
+table is the operator's canonical table; rename TARGET FOCUS values; and,
+provenance profile only, CONNECTIVE SOURCE: tanru becomes CONNECTIVE SOURCE:
+IMPLICIT JUXTAPOSITION, LOCUS values are renamed to English, and every
+remaining CONNECTIVE SOURCE field gains an immediately following LOCUS field
+whose value must come from the document's own connector loci (count-checked).
+Anything else fails and is flagged for individual manual review.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
+from pathlib import Path
+
+BASE_REF = subprocess.run(
+    ["git", "merge-base", "origin/main", "HEAD"],
+    capture_output=True,
+    text=True,
+    check=True,
+).stdout.strip()
+
+REQUIRED_NEW_PARAGRAPH_MARKERS = {
+    "kind-composition": ["KIND-COMPOSITION in the relation slot", "not intersection"],
+    "compact-relation": ["PARTICIPANT-PLACE=", "BODY wraps a composite operand"],
+    "grouping": ["silence means ASSUMED-LEFT", "EXPLICIT"],
+    "connectives": ["TRUTH-TABLE=", "provenance"],
+    "compound-assumptions": ["cards state ASSUMED-LEFT"],
+}
+REPLACED_OLD_TOPICS = {"kind-composition", "compound-assumptions"}
+
+CANONICAL_TABLES = {"TFFF", "TTTF", "TFFT", "TTFF"}
+CANONICAL_TABLES_SPACED = {"T F F F", "T T T F", "T F F T", "T T F F"}
+
+LOCUS_RENDER_RENAMES = {
+    "BRIDI": "CLAUSE",
+    "BRIDI TAIL": "PREDICATE PHRASE",
+    "SELBRI": "PREDICATE",
+    "SELBRI INVERSION": "PREDICATE INVERSION",
+    "SUMTI": "ARGUMENT",
+    "TERMSET": "TERM SET",
+    "MEKSO OPERAND": "OPERAND",
+    "MEKSO OPERATOR": "MATH OPERATOR",
+    "TANRU UNIT": "PREDICATE UNIT",
+    "BARE JAI RAISED PARTICIPANT": "BARE RAISED PARTICIPANT",
+}
+TARGET_FOCUS_RENAMES = {"SELBRI": "PREDICATE", "BRIDI": "CLAUSE"}
+
+
+class Flag(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+def git_base(path: Path) -> str:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["git", "show", f"{BASE_REF}:{path.as_posix()}"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: not present at the PR base {BASE_REF[:10]}")
+    return result.stdout
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# XML verification
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def split_key(text: str) -> tuple[list[str], list[str], str]:
+    topics = re.findall(r'<RULE TOPIC="([^"]+)">', text)
+    rules = re.findall(r'<RULE TOPIC="[^"]+">(.*?)</RULE>', text, re.DOTALL)
+    body = re.sub(r"  <KEY>.*?</KEY>\n", "", text, count=1, flags=re.DOTALL)
+    body = re.sub(r"  <WAIVERS>.*?</WAIVERS>\n", "", body, count=1, flags=re.DOTALL)
+    return topics, rules, body
+
+
+def split_comment(text: str) -> tuple[list[str], str]:
+    match = re.match(r"<!--\n(.*?)\n-->\n", text, re.DOTALL)
+    if not match:
+        raise Flag("document does not start with the KEY comment")
+    return match.group(1).split("\n\n"), text[match.end():]
+
+
+def verify_comment(path: Path, old: str, new: str) -> str:
+    topics, rules, old_body = split_key(old)
+    paragraphs, new_body = split_comment(new)
+    if not paragraphs or paragraphs[0] != (
+        "SFN KEY (notation version 0): teaching text for this document. "
+        "Defaults stated here are commitments, not omissions."
+    ):
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: KEY comment does not start with the header paragraph")
+    old_by_topic = dict(zip(topics, rules))
+    used_markers = set()
+    remainder = []
+    for paragraph in paragraphs[1:]:
+        for name, markers in REQUIRED_NEW_PARAGRAPH_MARKERS.items():
+            if all(marker in paragraph for marker in markers):
+                used_markers.add(name)
+                break
+        else:
+            remainder.append(paragraph)
+    required = set(REQUIRED_NEW_PARAGRAPH_MARKERS)
+    if "<WORDS>" not in new:
+        required.discard("compound-assumptions")
+    missing = required - used_markers
+    if missing:
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: KEY comment missing updated rule paragraphs: {sorted(missing)}")
+    expected = [text for topic, text in old_by_topic.items() if topic not in REPLACED_OLD_TOPICS]
+    if remainder != expected:
+        raise Flag(
+            f"{path}: KEY comment prose drift beyond the allowed rule updates: "
+            f"{len(remainder)} vs {len(expected)} paragraphs differ"
+        )
+    return old_body, new_body
+
+
+def canonical_table(operator: str | None) -> str | None:
+    return {"AND": "TFFF", "OR": "TTTF", "IFF": "TFFT", "WHETHER_OR_NOT": "TTFF"}.get(
+        operator or ""
+    )
+
+
+def account_connector(connector: ET.Element, new: ET.Element, path: str) -> None:
+    """A removed CONNECTOR keeps only what the parent operator does not
+    already determine, and exactly that: TRUTH-TABLE= appears iff this base
+    connector carried a non-derivable table, PARAMETER= iff it carried a
+    parameter — anything else added to the parent is rejected."""
+    table = connector.find("TRUTH-TABLE")
+    table_value = table.get("VALUE") if table is not None else None
+    parameter = connector.find("PARAMETER")
+    parameter_ref = parameter.get("REF") if parameter is not None else None
+    expected_table = (
+        table_value
+        if table_value is not None and canonical_table(new.get("OPERATOR")) != table_value
+        else None
+    )
+    if new.get("TRUTH-TABLE") != expected_table:
+        raise Flag(
+            f"{path}: TRUTH-TABLE mismatch on {new.tag}: expected "
+            f"{expected_table!r} from the base CONNECTOR, found {new.get('TRUTH-TABLE')!r}"
+        )
+    if new.get("PARAMETER") != parameter_ref:
+        raise Flag(
+            f"{path}: PARAMETER mismatch on {new.tag}: expected "
+            f"{parameter_ref!r} from the base CONNECTOR, found {new.get('PARAMETER')!r}"
+        )
+
+
+def is_tanru_region(element: ET.Element) -> bool:
+    """Exactly an element that carries the old implicit-sentinel CONNECTOR
+    itself (direct child), i.e. the tanru head-AND formula (or its FORMULA
+    wrapper). Nothing larger may be treated as replaceable."""
+    return any(
+        child.tag == "CONNECTOR" and child.get("SOURCE-WORD") == "tanru"
+        for child in element
+    )
+
+
+def verify_element(old: ET.Element, new: ET.Element, path: str, connector_provenance: bool = False) -> None:
+    """Recursive structure comparison with the allowed transformations.
+    `connector_provenance` is true when an enclosing FORMULA unwrap already
+    accounted this element's connector-derived attributes."""
+    if is_tanru_region(old):
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: internal error: tanru region reached in strict comparison")
+    if old.tag != new.tag:
+        # With the CONNECTOR gone, a FORMULA that only wrapped a connective
+        # and its connector collapses to the bare connective (jbotci#719).
+        if old.tag == "FORMULA":
+            unwrapped = [child for child in old if child.tag != "CONNECTOR"]
+            if len(unwrapped) == 1 and unwrapped[0].tag == new.tag:
+                if old.attrib:
+                    raise Flag(f"{path}: FORMULA unwrap lost attributes {dict(old.attrib)}")
+                for connector in old:
+                    if connector.tag == "CONNECTOR":
+                        account_connector(connector, new, path)
+                verify_element(unwrapped[0], new, path, bool(
+                    [child for child in old if child.tag == "CONNECTOR"]
+                ))
+                return
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: element mismatch <{old.tag}> vs <{new.tag}>")
+    connectors = [child for child in old if child.tag == "CONNECTOR"]
+    for name, value in new.attrib.items():
+        if name in ("TRUTH-TABLE", "PARAMETER") and name not in old.attrib:
+            # Provenance-locked: only a parent that had a CONNECTOR child may
+            # gain connector-derived attributes (values checked below).
+            if not connectors and not connector_provenance:
+                raise Flag(
+                    f"{path}: {name}={value} added without a CONNECTOR on the base element"
+                )
+            continue
+        if old.attrib.get(name) == value:
+            continue
+        # TARGET-FOCUS English rename (jbotci#719 addendum).
+        if name == "TARGET-FOCUS" and TARGET_FOCUS_RENAMES.get(old.attrib.get(name)) == value:
+            continue
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: attribute {name} changed: {old.attrib.get(name)} -> {value}")
+    for name in old.attrib:
+        if name not in new.attrib:
+            raise Flag(f"{path}: attribute {name} removed")
+    for connector in connectors:
+        account_connector(connector, new, path)
+    old_children = [child for child in old if child.tag != "CONNECTOR"]
+    new_children = list(new)
+    index_old = 0
+    index_new = 0
+    while index_old < len(old_children) and index_new < len(new_children):
+        old_child = old_children[index_old]
+        new_child = new_children[index_new]
+        if is_tanru_region(old_child):
+            # The whole tanru AND element (or its FORMULA wrapper) is the only
+            # replaceable region; the replacement must carry the composition.
+            if new_child.find(".//KIND-COMPOSITION") is None:
+                raise Flag(
+                    f"{path}: tanru region replaced by a subtree without KIND-COMPOSITION"
+                )
+            index_old += 1
+            index_new += 1
+            continue
+        verify_element(old_child, new_child, path)
+        index_old += 1
+        index_new += 1
+    if index_old != len(old_children) or index_new != len(new_children):
+        raise Flag(
+            f"{path}: child count differs under <{old.tag}>: "
+            f"{len(old_children)} -> {len(new_children)}"
+        )
+    if (old.text or "").strip() != (new.text or "").strip():
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: text content differs under <{old.tag}>")
+
+
+def verify_xml_document(path: Path, old: str, new: str) -> str:
+    old_body, new_body = verify_comment(path, old, new)
+    old_root = ET.fromstring(old_body)
+    new_root = ET.fromstring(new_body)
+    if old_root.tag != new_root.tag or old_root.attrib != new_root.attrib:
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: root element mismatch")
+    verify_element(old_root, new_root, path.as_posix())
+    return "tanru-regions" if old_root.find('.//CONNECTOR[@SOURCE-WORD="tanru"]') is not None else "clean"
+
+
+def verify_xml() -> dict[str, int]:
+    outcomes = {"clean": 0, "tanru-regions": 0}
+    paths = sorted(Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus").glob("*.xml.txt"))
+    paths += sorted(
+        Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions").glob("*/*.xml.txt")
+    )
+    assert len(paths) == 52, f"expected 52 XML goldens, found {len(paths)}"
+    for path in paths:
+        outcome = verify_xml_document(path, git_base(path), path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        outcomes[outcome] += 1
+    return outcomes
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# smusni verification: a small declaration-tree parser
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class SField:
+    __slots__ = ("name", "value")
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, value: str):
+        self.name = name
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, SField) and (self.name, self.value) == (other.name, other.value)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{self.name}: {self.value};"
+
+
+class SGroup:
+    __slots__ = ("head", "items", "closer")
+
+    def __init__(self, head: str, closer: str, items: list):
+        self.head = head
+        self.closer = closer
+        self.items = items
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return (
+            isinstance(other, SGroup)
+            and (self.head, self.closer, self.items) == (other.head, other.closer, other.items)
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{self.head} {self.closer[0]}...{self.closer[1]}"
+
+
+def smusni_tokens(text: str) -> list[str]:
+    """Tokenize into braces, parens, semicolons, quoted strings, and atoms."""
+    tokens = []
+    index = 0
+    while index < len(text):
+        char = text[index]
+        if char.isspace():
+            index += 1
+        elif char in "{}();:":
+            tokens.append(char)
+            index += 1
+        elif char == '"':
+            end = index + 1
+            while end < len(text):
+                if text[end] == "\\":
+                    end += 2
+                elif text[end] == '"':
+                    end += 1
+                    break
+                else:
+                    end += 1
+            tokens.append(text[index:end])
+            index = end
+        else:
+            end = index
+            while end < len(text) and not text[end].isspace() and text[end] not in '{}();:"':
+                end += 1
+            tokens.append(text[index:end])
+            index = end
+    return tokens
+
+
+def parse_smusni_items(tokens: list[str], position: int, closers: tuple[str, ...]) -> tuple[list, int]:
+    """Parse a sequence of fields/groups/collections/bare entries."""
+    items = []
+    head_words: list[str] = []
+    while position < len(tokens):
+        token = tokens[position]
+        if token in closers:
+            if head_words:
+                items.append(" ".join(head_words))
+            return items, position
+        if token in ("}", ")"):
+            raise Flag(f"unbalanced closer {token} at token {position}: {tokens[max(0, position - 14):position + 4]}")
+        if token == ";":
+            if head_words:
+                items.append(" ".join(head_words))
+                head_words = []
+            position += 1
+            continue
+        if token == "{":
+            body, position = parse_smusni_items(tokens, position + 1, ("}",))
+            items.append(SGroup(" ".join(head_words), "{}", body))
+            head_words = []
+            position += 1
+            if position < len(tokens) and tokens[position] == ";":
+                # The `NAME = { ... };` facet-field form: the group is the
+                # value; consume its trailing semicolon.
+                position += 1
+            continue
+        if token == "(":
+            body, position = parse_smusni_items(tokens, position + 1, (")",))
+            items.append(SGroup(" ".join(head_words), "()", body))
+            head_words = []
+            position += 1
+            if position < len(tokens) and tokens[position] == ";":
+                position += 1
+            continue
+        if token == ":" and head_words:
+            # A field (`NAME: value;`) ends with `;` before any group opener;
+            # an indexed group entry (`[1]: RESTRICTIVE { ... }`) hits `{` or
+            # `(` first, so the colon is head text, not a field separator.
+            lookahead = position + 1
+            is_field = True
+            while lookahead < len(tokens) and tokens[lookahead] != ";":
+                if tokens[lookahead] in ("{", "("):
+                    is_field = False
+                    break
+                lookahead += 1
+            if is_field:
+                name = " ".join(head_words)
+                head_words = []
+                value_tokens = []
+                position += 1
+                while position < len(tokens) and tokens[position] != ";":
+                    value_tokens.append(tokens[position])
+                    position += 1
+                if position >= len(tokens):
+                    raise Flag(f"unterminated field {name}")
+                items.append(SField(name, " ".join(value_tokens)))
+                position += 1
+                continue
+            head_words.append(token)
+            position += 1
+            continue
+        head_words.append(token)
+        position += 1
+    return items, position
+
+
+def parse_smusni(text: str) -> list:
+    items, position = parse_smusni_items(smusni_tokens(text), 0, ())
+    if position != len(smusni_tokens(text)):
+        raise Flag("smusni parse did not consume the document")
+    return items
+
+
+def transform_smusni_tree(items: list, provenance: bool) -> list:
+    """Apply the mechanical #719 smusni transformation to a parsed tree."""
+    result = []
+    for item in items:
+        if isinstance(item, SField):
+            if item.name == "CONNECTIVE SOURCE":
+                if provenance:
+                    value = "IMPLICIT JUXTAPOSITION" if item.value == "tanru" else item.value
+                    result.append(SField(item.name, value))
+                continue
+            if item.name == "LOCUS":
+                if provenance:
+                    renamed = LOCUS_RENDER_RENAMES.get(item.value, item.value)
+                    result.append(SField(item.name, renamed))
+                continue
+            if item.name == "TRUTH TABLE" and item.value in CANONICAL_TABLES_SPACED:
+                continue
+            if item.name == "RELATION" and item.value == "tanru":
+                continue
+            if item.name == "TARGET FOCUS" and item.value in TARGET_FOCUS_RENAMES:
+                result.append(SField(item.name, TARGET_FOCUS_RENAMES[item.value]))
+                continue
+            result.append(item)
+        elif isinstance(item, SGroup):
+            if item.head == "WAIVED":
+                continue
+            result.append(SGroup(item.head, item.closer, transform_smusni_tree(item.items, provenance)))
+        else:
+            result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+INLINEABLE_HEADS = {"TANRU LINK", "PROVENANCE"}
+
+
+def expand_inlineable(items: list) -> list:
+    """The writer collapses TANRU LINK and PROVENANCE subheadings to a bare
+    field sequence or wraps them in braces purely as a function of the host
+    declaration's direct-field count, so removing the RELATION: tanru field
+    legitimately flips that layout. Accept either form at the same position
+    with an identical item sequence — and nothing else."""
+    expanded = []
+    for item in items:
+        if (
+            isinstance(item, SGroup)
+            and item.head in INLINEABLE_HEADS
+            and item.items
+            and isinstance(item.items[0], SField)
+        ):
+            # The flat layout folds the heading into the first field name:
+            # TANRU LINK { HEAD: p; M: q; } ≡ TANRU LINK HEAD: p; M: q;
+            first = item.items[0]
+            expanded.append(SField(f"{item.head} {first.name}", first.value))
+            expanded.extend(item.items[1:])
+        else:
+            expanded.append(item)
+    return expanded
+
+
+def declaration_id_of(head: str, expected_by_id: dict) -> str | None:
+    """The graph-derived declaration id inside a group head, if any."""
+    for token in head.split():
+        if token in expected_by_id:
+            return token
+    return None
+
+
+def compare_smusni_trees(
+    old: list,
+    new: list,
+    path: str,
+    expected_by_id: dict,
+    current_decl: str | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """Exact structural comparison, allowing precisely the provenance-profile
+    LOCUS insertions. Each inserted LOCUS must immediately follow a CONNECTIVE
+    SOURCE field and equal the exact locus of THAT declaration's connector as
+    derived from the base graph (per-occurrence association — a swap of two
+    connectors' loci is rejected)."""
+    old = expand_inlineable(old)
+    new = expand_inlineable(new)
+    old_index = 0
+    new_index = 0
+    previous_new_field = None
+    while old_index < len(old) and new_index < len(new):
+        old_item = old[old_index]
+        new_item = new[new_index]
+        if old_item == new_item:
+            old_index += 1
+            new_index += 1
+            previous_new_field = new_item
+            continue
+        if (
+            isinstance(old_item, SGroup)
+            and isinstance(new_item, SGroup)
+            and old_item.head == new_item.head
+            and old_item.closer == new_item.closer
+        ):
+            compare_smusni_trees(
+                old_item.items,
+                new_item.items,
+                path,
+                expected_by_id,
+                declaration_id_of(new_item.head, expected_by_id) or current_decl,
+            )
+            old_index += 1
+            new_index += 1
+            previous_new_field = new_item
+            continue
+        if (
+            isinstance(old_item, SGroup)
+            and isinstance(new_item, SGroup)
+            and old_item.head in INLINEABLE_HEADS
+            and new_item.head in INLINEABLE_HEADS
+            and old_item.items == new_item.items
+        ):
+            old_index += 1
+            new_index += 1
+            previous_new_field = new_item
+            continue
+        if (
+            isinstance(new_item, SField)
+            and new_item.name == "LOCUS"
+            and isinstance(previous_new_field, SField)
+            and previous_new_field.name == "CONNECTIVE SOURCE"
+        ):
+            expected = expected_by_id.get(current_decl)
+            if expected is None:
+                raise Flag(
+                    f"{path}: LOCUS added on a declaration with no connector in the base graph"
+                )
+            if new_item.value != expected:
+                raise Flag(
+                    f"{path}: connector {current_decl} must render LOCUS {expected!r}, "
+                    f"found {new_item.value!r} (per-occurrence association)"
+                )
+            new_index += 1
+            previous_new_field = new_item
+            continue
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: structural mismatch: {old_item!r} vs {new_item!r}")
+    for trailing in new[new_index:]:
+        if not (
+            isinstance(trailing, SField)
+            and trailing.name == "LOCUS"
+            and isinstance(previous_new_field, SField)
+            and previous_new_field.name == "CONNECTIVE SOURCE"
+            and expected_by_id.get(current_decl) == trailing.value
+        ):
+            raise Flag(f"{path}: trailing item {trailing!r}")
+        previous_new_field = trailing
+    if old_index != len(old):
+        raise Flag(f"{path}: items missing at the end: {old[old_index]!r}")
+
+
+JSON_LOCUS_TO_RENDER = {
+    "statement": "STATEMENT",
+    "sumti": "ARGUMENT",
+    "term": "TERM",
+    "termset": "TERM SET",
+    "tense": "TENSE",
+    "modal": "TAG",
+    "modal-argument": "TAG",
+    "operand": "OPERAND",
+    "mekso-operand": "OPERAND",
+    "bridi": "CLAUSE",
+    "bridiTail": "PREDICATE PHRASE",
+    "selbri": "PREDICATE",
+    "selbri-inversion": "PREDICATE INVERSION",
+    "tanru-unit": "PREDICATE UNIT",
+    "property-abstraction": "PROPERTY ABSTRACTION",
+    "property-inversion": "PROPERTY INVERSION",
+    "abstraction": "ABSTRACTION",
+    "description": "DESCRIPTION",
+    "mekso-operator": "MATH OPERATOR",
+    "bare-jai-raised-participant": "BARE RAISED PARTICIPANT",
+}
+
+
+SMUSNI_PREFIX = {
+    "reference": "r",
+    "predication": "p",
+    "formula": "f",
+    "quantity": "q",
+    "utterance": "u",
+    "sequence": "s",
+    "mathExpression": "m",
+    "parameter": "x",
+    "relation_expression": "l",
+    "displayed_content": "d",
+    "question": "qu",
+}
+
+
+def smusni_id_map(objects: dict) -> dict:
+    """Replicate the smusni renderer's graph-key -> rendered-id map
+    (build_id_map: <prefix><key-number> with the collision-disambiguation
+    loop), so every FORMULA/NONLOGICAL declaration's id resolves to its graph
+    object and therefore to its connector's expected locus."""
+
+    def id_kind_for(obj):
+        if obj.get("type") == "referent":
+            return "relation_expression" if obj.get("sort") == "relation" else "reference"
+        if obj.get("type") == "displayedContent":
+            return "displayed_content"
+        return obj.get("type", "")
+
+    def key_number(key):
+        match = re.search(r"(\d+)$", key)
+        if match:
+            return match.group(1)
+        return re.sub(r"\W+", "_", key)
+
+    id_map = {}
+    used = set()
+    for key, obj in objects.items():
+        kind = id_kind_for(obj)
+        prefix = SMUSNI_PREFIX.get(kind)
+        base = f"{prefix}{key_number(key)}" if prefix else f"{kind}_{key_number(key)}"
+        vid = base
+        if vid in used:
+            disambiguated = f"{base}_{key.replace(':', '_').replace('/', '_')}"
+            vid = disambiguated
+            n = 2
+            while vid in used:
+                vid = f"{disambiguated}_{n}"
+                n += 1
+        used.add(vid)
+        id_map[key] = vid
+    return id_map
+
+
+def expected_locus_by_declaration_id(path: Path) -> dict:
+    """Each declaration id -> the exact LOCUS value its connector must render,
+    derived from the BASE frozen graph's own connector records (formula
+    connectors and nonlogical-connection connectors)."""
+    import json
+
+    frozen_name = path.name.replace(".smusni-prov.txt", ".frozen.json").replace(
+        ".smusni.txt", ".frozen.json"
+    )
+    frozen = json.loads(git_base(path.with_name(frozen_name)))
+    objects = frozen["objects"]
+    id_map = smusni_id_map(objects)
+    expected = {}
+    for key, obj in objects.items():
+        connector = obj.get("connector")
+        if not isinstance(connector, dict):
+            connection = obj.get("nonlogicalConnection")
+            if isinstance(connection, dict):
+                connector = connection.get("connector")
+        if not isinstance(connector, dict) or not isinstance(connector.get("locus"), str):
+            continue
+        locus = connector["locus"]
+        if locus not in JSON_LOCUS_TO_RENDER:
+            raise Flag(f"{path}: unmapped base connector.locus {locus!r}")
+        expected[id_map[key]] = JSON_LOCUS_TO_RENDER[locus]
+    return expected
+
+
+def verify_smusni() -> int:
+    import collections
+
+    paths = sorted(Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus").glob("*.smusni*.txt"))
+    assert len(paths) == 100, f"expected 100 smusni goldens, found {len(paths)}"
+    for path in paths:
+        provenance = path.name.endswith("-prov.txt")
+        old = parse_smusni(git_base(path))
+        new = parse_smusni(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        transformed = transform_smusni_tree(old, provenance)
+        if transformed == new:
+            continue
+        if not provenance:
+            raise Flag(f"{path}: default-profile delta is not the mechanical transformation")
+        # Base-derived per-occurrence association: every added LOCUS must
+        # equal the exact locus of THAT declaration's connector in the base
+        # graph (a swap of two connectors' loci is rejected).
+        expected_by_id = expected_locus_by_declaration_id(path)
+        compare_smusni_trees(transformed, new, path, expected_by_id)
+    return len(paths)
+
+
+def self_test() -> int:
+    """Negative checks for the proof itself: known-bad mutations must all be
+    flagged (the reviewer's probes)."""
+    import collections
+
+    failures = []
+
+    # A spurious PARAMETER= on a CONNECTIVE whose base connector supplied none.
+    path = Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_corpus/b25.xml.txt")
+    corrupted = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").replace(
+        '<CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="OR" TRUTH-TABLE="TFTT">',
+        '<CONNECTIVE OPERATOR="OR" TRUTH-TABLE="TFTT" PARAMETER="r1">',
+    )
+    try:
+        verify_xml_document(path, git_base(path), corrupted)
+        failures.append("spurious PARAMETER= on b25 CONNECTIVE was ACCEPTED")
+    except Flag:
+        pass
+
+    # A dropped non-derivable TRUTH-TABLE=.
+    corrupted = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").replace(' TRUTH-TABLE="TFTT">', ">", 1)
+    try:
+        verify_xml_document(path, git_base(path), corrupted)
+        failures.append("dropped TRUTH-TABLE= on b25 CONNECTIVE was ACCEPTED")
+    except Flag:
+        pass
+
+    # The reviewer's b39 locus swap: PROPERTY ABSTRACTION (f25) <->
+    # DESCRIPTION (f29) must be rejected per-occurrence.
+    path = Path("crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/phaseb_corpus/b39.smusni-prov.txt")
+    new = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    spans = [(m.group(0), m.start()) for m in re.finditer(r"LOCUS: [A-Z ]+;", new)]
+    if len(spans) < 2:
+        failures.append("b39 self-test could not locate two LOCUS fields to swap")
+    else:
+        values = [value for value, _ in spans]
+        corrupted = (
+            new[: spans[0][1]]
+            + values[1]
+            + new[spans[0][1] + len(values[0]) : spans[1][1]]
+            + values[0]
+            + new[spans[1][1] + len(values[1]) :]
+        )
+        try:
+            old = parse_smusni(git_base(path))
+            transformed = transform_smusni_tree(old, True)
+            compare_smusni_trees(
+                transformed,
+                parse_smusni(corrupted),
+                str(path),
+                expected_locus_by_declaration_id(path),
+            )
+            failures.append("b39 PROPERTY ABSTRACTION/DESCRIPTION locus swap was ACCEPTED")
+        except Flag:
+            pass
+
+    if failures:
+        for failure in failures:
+            print(f"SELF-TEST FAILURE: {failure}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    print("self-test: all 3 negative probes correctly flagged")
+    return 0
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    if "--self-test" in sys.argv:
+        return self_test()
+    failures = []
+    try:
+        outcomes = verify_xml()
+        print(f"xml: {outcomes['clean']} documents mechanical-clean, "
+              f"{outcomes['tanru-regions']} with tanru-region replacements "
+              f"(semantics proven by the re-expansion acceptance test)")
+    except Flag as flag:
+        failures.append(f"xml: {flag}")
+    try:
+        count = verify_smusni()
+        print(f"smusni: {count} golden files classify cleanly")
+    except Flag as flag:
+        failures.append(f"smusni: {flag}")
+    if failures:
+        for failure in failures:
+            print(f"FLAGGED FOR MANUAL REVIEW: {failure}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/tests/enum_invariant_audit.rs b/tests/enum_invariant_audit.rs
index b710afdf7d..e77c95f4b0 100644
--- a/tests/enum_invariant_audit.rs
+++ b/tests/enum_invariant_audit.rs
@@ -1039,6 +1039,10 @@ const ALLOWED_PLACEHOLDERS: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
         "crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml.rs:XmlWaiverFamily::CompositionRelationLabel",
         "unit omission-family marker; no payload to constrain",
     ),
+    (
+        "crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml.rs:XmlWaiverFamily::ConnectorProvenance",
+        "unit omission-family marker; no payload to constrain",
+    ),
     (
         "crates/jbotci-semantics/src/notation/xml.rs:XmlWaiverFamily::DescriptorWord",
         "unit omission-family marker; no payload to constrain",
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/adhoc/v0/warnings/standard-no-warning/standard-pre-i-joi-statement-connective.toml b/tests/fixtures/adhoc/v0/warnings/standard-no-warning/standard-pre-i-joi-statement-connective.toml
index a540f48c07..6808b8a555 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/adhoc/v0/warnings/standard-no-warning/standard-pre-i-joi-statement-connective.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/adhoc/v0/warnings/standard-no-warning/standard-pre-i-joi-statement-connective.toml
@@ -31,4 +31,4 @@ PreposedIStatementConnection @[0‥23) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"PreposedIStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"joĭ","span":[9,12]}}}}}}},"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[13,14]}}}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[15,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d10.toml
index 5484ed6a47..d5e33af791 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d10.toml
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥39) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d11.toml
index cb39758906..9972e8ab8d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d11.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ DescriptorWithGadriSumti @[0‥35) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"mention","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:32","content":"entity:6","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"le me le ci nolraitru me'u nunsalci","construct":"fragment"}},"parameter:7":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":35},"text":"me le ci nolraitru me'u nunsalci","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":35},"text":"me le ci nolraitru me'u 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d7.toml
index a44c36fc95..e2d107f204 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d7.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥25) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d9.toml
index 6e0604b5d2..b19e2b4a2c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.10/c5e10d9.toml
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥48) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d3.toml
index f86e860ad9..48ed591ab5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d3.toml
@@ -72,4 +72,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥33) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"alis","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[10,12]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[19,24]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[25,27]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:32","content":"formula:31","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la .alis. cu cadzu klama le zarci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":28,"byteEnd":33},"text":"zarci","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:22":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la .alis. cu cadzu klama le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d4.toml
index 1cb1062900..8d2bb7c161 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d4.toml
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥43) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[0,2]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[9,11]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"conversions":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[12,14]}}}}],"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[15,17]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[30,34]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[35,37]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"alis","span":[39,43]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d5.toml
index 60af64602c..9eaa895366 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d5.toml
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥35) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d6.toml
index 51bb8086ab..60be92bec4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d6.toml
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥35) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:32","content":"formula:31","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"le zarci cu cadzu se klama la .alis.","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:7":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"zarci","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:22":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"le zarci cu cadzu se klama la 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d7.toml
index 2c13297aa6..3d9b5e2a7c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.11/c5e11d7.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥36) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d1.toml
index 77eb0b1b9a..560e4a64b0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d1.toml
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥46) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d10.toml
index dcb71961d6..3b687affcf 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d10.toml
@@ -105,4 +105,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥69) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d11.toml
index 5e01ac5db5..17912e1ac8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d11.toml
@@ -103,4 +103,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥64) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d2.toml
index e54b001074..45affde0c4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d2.toml
@@ -76,4 +76,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d3.toml
index 5786f1ca30..92fad02e4c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d3.toml
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥30) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .djonz. cu na'e pamoi cusku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:13":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .djonz. cu na'e pamoi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d4.toml
index f3a4540ba4..430f26c598 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d4.toml
@@ -95,4 +95,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥57) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d5.toml
index 98b3c4f23e..d7dd5095b2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d5.toml
@@ -99,4 +99,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥57) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d6.toml
index 1588936a24..83ab2d424b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d6.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥61) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d7.toml
index 8160afa0b5..24d8876ab7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d7.toml
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥61) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d8.toml
index b1d46cc116..09a8e8cc82 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d8.toml
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥66) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d9.toml
index 9f54235d88..97b0b3734d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.12/c5e12d9.toml
@@ -105,4 +105,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥66) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.13/c5e13d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.13/c5e13d2.toml
index 3f333869f2..5d9ce1308d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.13/c5e13d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.13/c5e13d2.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥25) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djonz","span":[4,9]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"NegatedSelbri":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[11,13]}}}},"inner_selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"OrdinalTanruUnit":{"number":{"NumberWords":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pa","span":[14,16]}}}}}},"moi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"moĭ","span":[16,19]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cúsku","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .djonz. na pamoi cusku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:13":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .djonz. na pamoi 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .djonz. na pamoi cusku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:13":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .djonz. na pamoi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d1.toml
index d9213cbca2..91dfa4063a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d1.toml
@@ -49,4 +49,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥23) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[6,11]}}}}}}}}},{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}},{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:45","content":"formula:44","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"melbi cmalu nixli ckule","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"melbi cmalu nixli ckule","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"melbi cmalu nixli ckule","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:26":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"melbi cmalu nixli 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d10.toml
index face97d2eb..00ae57172e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d10.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d11.toml
index e92a72a70d..4b56da0a89 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d11.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥26) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d12.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d12.toml
index 91af9fe857..aab4ad8e66 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d12.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d12.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d13.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d13.toml
index eb1687e88a..8d7f383071 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d13.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d13.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d14.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d14.toml
index 316fd1ccc5..e2956cd13b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d14.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d14.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥34) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d15.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d15.toml
index e82147868a..54360bd826 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d15.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d15.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥34) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d16.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d16.toml
index 883bf64136..3de1ee1e0b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d16.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d16.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥36) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d17.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d17.toml
index da8024428b..3277426d52 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d17.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d17.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥26) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d18.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d18.toml
index a13faa3492..82c2c2b333 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d18.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d18.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥26) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d19.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d19.toml
index 4c20fec9e5..11a3ff2b30 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d19.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d19.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d2.toml
index b40378ab6f..1cfb53ff67 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d2.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥26) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d20.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d20.toml
index 5771bfe797..6ceaff0e2b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d20.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d20.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥37) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[0,2]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[15,17]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[24,28]}}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[29,31]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[32,37]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d21.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d21.toml
index d3f3fc66dd..790822405f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d21.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d21.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥31) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}},"bo_connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[15,17]}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[17,19]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[26,31]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d22.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d22.toml
index 7d08b39a77..5a69674105 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d22.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d22.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d23.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d23.toml
index ce4eeb4ff4..e709233b80 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d23.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d23.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥37) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d24.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d24.toml
index 28ee6927b4..8a3af5b142 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d24.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d24.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥34) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d25.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d25.toml
index 194bd2c664..e25bdd4111 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d25.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d25.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d26.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d26.toml
index dbea97cfb1..d6a542be91 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d26.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d26.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d27.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d27.toml
index 8fa2e0c1be..eceeeb0850 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d27.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d27.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[6,11]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[12,14]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[15,20]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[21,23]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}}}]}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d28.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d28.toml
index 7c6d409894..f4b601757f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d28.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d28.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d29.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d29.toml
index 877e9eb611..ee4e753dbd 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d29.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d29.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥31) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d3.toml
index 88b0bdd10a..271e68ffa6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d3.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d30.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d30.toml
index 1b37806963..7d3c173624 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d30.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d30.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥34) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d31.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d31.toml
index 8fcbb941c1..489ca7faad 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d31.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d31.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d32.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d32.toml
index 153afa5c98..fbc7d3d159 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d32.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d32.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ BoundTanruUnit @[0‥38) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d33.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d33.toml
index dcf8054cdd..1f4f33e299 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d33.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d33.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥26) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d34.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d34.toml
index 3df4e86f31..3a676fe50a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d34.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d34.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d35.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d35.toml
index cc33851bd8..baeeaeaea7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d35.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d35.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d36.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d36.toml
index 62b1ede8f6..a9d84a14ad 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d36.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d36.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d37.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d37.toml
index 59b41264f3..88aee27c72 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d37.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d37.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d38.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d38.toml
index 34a9d2d828..b17ce9812a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d38.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d38.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥35) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d39.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d39.toml
index 83a38922b9..8e69e0326a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d39.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d39.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥32) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[9,11]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[18,20]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[21,26]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[27,32]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d4.toml
index 7abc78a3eb..8a009bc01c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d4.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥34) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d40.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d40.toml
index ce050e8e2e..46a594ca4b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d40.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d40.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥35) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d5.toml
index 6335876cae..043c956cdc 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d5.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d6.toml
index 22ef645183..1e71080a09 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d6.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥32) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d7.toml
index 0455558804..63bb4c5ff3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d7.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥37) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d8.toml
index 7fe33dafcf..926b119261 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d8.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d9.toml
index 8b1e01c70e..d51737bdd6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.16/c5e16d9.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥26) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d1.toml
index af42cc24e3..3c3585752e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d1.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥17) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"tu","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"pel"},{"Rafsi":"nímre"}],"span":[3,11]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"trícu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"tricu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"pelnimre","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:16","relationLabel":"pelnimre-tricu"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:16"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:18"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"distal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"tu","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:15","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"tricu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"pelnimre","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:16","relationLabel":"pelnimre-tricu"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:16"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:18"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"distal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"tu","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:15","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"tu pelnimre tricu","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d10.toml
index 1c2abe8f9f..68f60b58e5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d10.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"prénu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:9":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"cmalu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:9"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:7","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"cmalu-prenu"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:9"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:9"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:9"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:9":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"cmalu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:9"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:7","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"cmalu-prenu"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:9"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:9"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:9"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do cmalu prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d2.toml
index 0c944dfcb5..1c8d2d2c47 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d2.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥21) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[10,15]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánla","span":[16,21]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:21","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"nanla","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"barda","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:19":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:18","relationLabel":"barda-nanla"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:18"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:19","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:21":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:20"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:22":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:18":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:17","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:21","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"nanla","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"barda","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:19":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:18","relationLabel":"barda-nanla"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:18"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:19","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:21":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:20"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:22":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:18":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:17","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"la .djan. barda nanla","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d3.toml
index 604b47fee0..f6f730e388 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d3.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sútra","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bájra","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"bajra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"sutra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"sutra-bajra"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"bajra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"sutra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"sutra-bajra"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mi sutra bajra","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d8.toml
index c780a50370..119e0129e8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d8.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"júbme","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta klama jubme","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta klama jubme","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"jubme","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta klama 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta klama jubme","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta klama jubme","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"jubme","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta klama 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d9.toml
index 13ed82d417..a864ad0e77 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.2/c5e2d9.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"prénu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:9":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"barda","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:9"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:7","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"barda-prenu"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:9"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:9"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:9"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:9":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"barda","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:9"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:7","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"barda-prenu"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:9"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:9"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:9"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"do barda prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d4.toml
index 538e6e06c7..e75950374f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d4.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥23) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[9,14]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[15,17]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:34","content":"formula:33","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta cmalu nixli bo ckule","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta cmalu nixli bo ckule","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:24":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta cmalu nixli bo 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d5.toml
index 3ace11417a..2f20bb40cc 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d5.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥23) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[9,11]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:34","content":"formula:33","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta cmalu bo nixli ckule","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta cmalu bo nixli ckule","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta cmalu bo nixli 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d6.toml
index 1fb14592df..a8509f56d5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d6.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥20) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}},{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d7.toml
index 197fe8d062..52fae2fbd6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d7.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥24) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d8.toml
index dbfcb567ae..237263ffa8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d8.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥25) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[4,9]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[10,12]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:34","content":"formula:33","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ta (cmalu bo nixli) ckule","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ta (cmalu bo nixli) ckule","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ta (cmalu bo nixli) 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d9.toml
index f6a9dee07d..597d2bcdcc 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.3/c5e3d9.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥17) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[3,8]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[9,11]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"júbme","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d1.toml
index 1cc80d64ba..6c28cdd56d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d1.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d2.toml
index e68eda9fe6..e37b15bb48 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d2.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥26) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d3.toml
index f70a92175c..7611c15bb5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d3.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d4.toml
index b76841a1eb..b3d6508bcb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d4.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d5.toml
index d3a6cad294..4b86535cba 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d5.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d6.toml
index 02b84e9a55..a7fe7ae8ff 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.4/c5e4d6.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥26) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[9,11]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[12,17]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[18,20]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[21,26]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:34","content":"formula:33","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ta cmalu bo nixli bo ckule","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ta cmalu bo nixli bo ckule","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:24":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ta cmalu bo nixli bo 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d1.toml
index 669b2285da..13ba379a27 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d1.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥34) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d2.toml
index 8916947806..01c8b66c6c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d2.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d3.toml
index 0574bc0052..d812cc6cfb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d3.toml
@@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥50) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d4.toml
index 79d1f2343f..f1450a4267 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d4.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥34) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[9,11]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[24,28]}}}}}}}}}},{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[29,34]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d5.toml
index 64fb7c1bc0..10753929d5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d5.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥34) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d6.toml
index 832df485e5..0f0df80791 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d6.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥34) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d7.toml
index 909bb905a3..709eb1c13c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d7.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d8.toml
index f63db9b281..e548afcbe9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.5/c5e5d8.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥37) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d1.toml
index b6acc2cd36..f89f1417f2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d1.toml
@@ -47,4 +47,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥17) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[6,11]}}}}}}}}},{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d11.toml
index 40f7a55b02..e58ff8b146 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d11.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥45) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d13.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d13.toml
index 8582d38e01..b04171e269 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d13.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d13.toml
@@ -66,4 +66,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d14.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d14.toml
index 6a50541569..b1d193bca6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d14.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d14.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥22) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[6,8]}}}},"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[8,10]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"lénku","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"skápi","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"blanu naja lenku skapi","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"blanu naja lenku skapi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"skapi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"blanu naja lenku 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"blanu naja lenku skapi","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"blanu naja lenku skapi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"skapi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"blanu naja lenku 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d15.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d15.toml
index 4323b293f9..a343afd4e1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d15.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d15.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥23) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xámgu","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"jo","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"tórdu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"nun"},{"Rafsi":"távla"}],"span":[15,23]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:27","content":"formula:26","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"xamgu jo tordu nuntavla","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"xamgu jo tordu nuntavla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nuntavla","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","relationMetadata":"relationMetadata:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"xamgu jo tordu nuntavla","construct":"tanru-formula"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d16.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d16.toml
index 070d612f39..6a1f70d105 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d16.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d16.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥23) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"vájni","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ju","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"plúka","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"nun"},{"Rafsi":"távla"}],"span":[15,23]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:27","content":"formula:26","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"vajni ju pluka nuntavla","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"vajni ju pluka nuntavla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nuntavla","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","relationMetadata":"relationMetadata:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"vajni ju pluka nuntavla","construct":"tanru-formula"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:27","content":"formula:26","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"vajni ju pluka nuntavla","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"vajni ju pluka nuntavla","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nuntavla","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","relationMetadata":"relationMetadata:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"vajni ju pluka nuntavla","construct":"tanru-formula"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d17.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d17.toml
index 5456c4cdfb..12e6c2942a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d17.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d17.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥25) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"rícfu","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}},"bo_connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[15,17]}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[17,19]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"críno","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:14","relation":"crino","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:13","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":"ja","locus":"selbri","truthTable":"TTTF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":"je","locus":"selbri","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:14","relation":"crino","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:13","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ja"},"locus":"predicate","truthTable":"TTTF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"je"},"locus":"predicate","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d18.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d18.toml
index 005d237a31..5b0c14727f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d18.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d18.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥34) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"rícfu","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}},"bo_connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[15,17]}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[17,19]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"críno","span":[20,25]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[26,28]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[29,34]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:27","content":"formula:26","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":34},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino bo blanu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:17":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":34},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino bo blanu","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":34},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino bo 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:27","content":"formula:26","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":34},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino bo blanu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:17":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":34},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino bo blanu","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":34},"text":"ricfu je blanu jabo crino bo 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d19.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d19.toml
index 0eaa4de759..676f9d5f58 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d19.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d19.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥31) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"rícfu","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[9,11]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[18,20]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"críno","span":[21,26]}}}}}}}}}]}}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[27,31]}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:14","relation":"crino","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:13","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":"ja","locus":"selbri","truthTable":"TTTF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":"je","locus":"selbri","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:14","relation":"crino","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:13","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ja"},"locus":"predicate","truthTable":"TTTF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"je"},"locus":"predicate","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"ricfu je ke blanu ja crino ke'e","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d2.toml
index f2043f6743..4c6a8f1936 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d2.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥20) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[6,11]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[12,14]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda xunre bo gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda xunre bo gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:19":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda xunre bo 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda xunre bo gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda xunre bo gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:19":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda xunre bo 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d20.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d20.toml
index 8da39f716a..3b39cee3e7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d20.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d20.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥24) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"joĭ","span":[9,12]}}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bólci","span":[19,24]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d21.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d21.toml
index 30808a03c8..06e4a29b14 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d21.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d21.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥20) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d22.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d22.toml
index c965d11226..fc4f58a494 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d22.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d22.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥23) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[9,11]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bólci","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"bolci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:15","relation":"xunre","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:20":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:19","relationLabel":"blanu je xunre-bolci"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:19"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre 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bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"bolci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:15","relation":"xunre","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:20":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:19","relationLabel":"blanu je xunre-bolci"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:19"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ti blanu je xunre 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bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d23.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d23.toml
index 9261b51e60..099b9bc63f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d23.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d23.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"ForethoughtSelbriGroupTanruUnit":{"guhek":{"guha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gu'e","span":[0,4]}}}}},"leading_selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[5,10]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[11,13]}}}}},"unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"gu'e barda gi xunre gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"gu'e barda gi xunre gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"gu'e barda gi xunre 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gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"gu'e barda gi xunre gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"gu'e barda gi xunre gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"gu'e barda gi xunre 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gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d24.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d24.toml
index 44de591e11..3ea4b2c3c2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d24.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d24.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ TanruUnit @[0‥37) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"ForethoughtSelbriGroupTanruUnit":{"guhek":{"guha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gu'e","span":[0,4]}}}}},"leading_selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[5,10]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[11,13]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[20,22]}}}}},"unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[23,28]}}}}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[29,31]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mlátu","span":[32,37]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:26","content":"formula:25","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"gu'e barda je xunre gi gerku ja mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"barda","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:6","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"gu'e barda je xunre gi gerku ja 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d3.toml
index 33baa0824e..374d8f8342 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d3.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥20) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda je xunre gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda je xunre gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda je xunre 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda je xunre gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda je xunre gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"barda je xunre 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d4.toml
index b3aea114e2..374f650e69 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d4.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥20) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xunre je barda gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xunre je barda gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xunre je barda 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xunre je barda gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xunre je barda gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xunre je barda 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d5.toml
index a4d5c17ce6..948aa5bd4a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d5.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[6,8]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"pélxu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[15,17]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:33","content":"formula:32","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"barda je pelxu bo xunre gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"barda je pelxu bo xunre gerku","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"barda je pelxu bo xunre 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d6.toml
index 929bf00b50..386e60ec06 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d6.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥26) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d7.toml
index 6ab9a788b2..dd77bae9c9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d7.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥17) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[9,11]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":"je","locus":"selbri","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"medial","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ta","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"je"},"locus":"predicate","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"medial","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ta","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta blanu je zdani","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d8.toml
index 0a3430a58c..25ecb36a9b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.6/c5e6d8.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥23) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[9,11]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:31","content":"formula:30","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta melbi je nixli ckule","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta melbi je nixli 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ckule","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:31","content":"formula:30","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta melbi je nixli ckule","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ta melbi je nixli 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d1.toml
index 323665e5a3..961032362a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d1.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xámgu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"xamgu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"xamgu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"xamgu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"xamgu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti xamgu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d10.toml
index 3487a8fc9d..4a0aeb516f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d10.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥22) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ga'a","span":[15,19]}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[20,22]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:21","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ta blanu zdani ga'a mi","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ta blanu zdani ga'a 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:21","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ta blanu zdani ga'a mi","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ta blanu zdani ga'a 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d13.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d13.toml
index e321f6f030..fa27dd2dc9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d13.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d13.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ DescriptorWithGadriSumti @[0‥34) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"FragmentStatement":{"TermsFragment":{"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[0,2]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xámgu","span":[3,8]}}}}}},"linkargs":{"be":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be","span":[9,11]}}}},"first_link":{"PlainLinkedSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[12,14]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ctúca","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"ku":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[21,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"beho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be'o","span":[24,28]}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[29,34]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"mention","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:34","content":"entity:6","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":34},"text":"le xamgu be le ctuca ku be'o zdani","construct":"fragment"}},"parameter:7":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":34},"text":"xamgu be le ctuca ku be'o zdani","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":34},"text":"xamgu be le ctuca ku be'o 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d2.toml
index f2d04caa0b..2ba0951cbd 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d2.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥32) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"xamgu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"xamgu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"ti xamgu be do bei mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d3.toml
index 8b1b1d489d..030bdf5db8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d3.toml
@@ -200,4 +200,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥161) {
 json = 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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d6.toml
index 0a5152bf99..7b87eec74e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d6.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d7.toml
index 04fcc8ac06..78ef83b678 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d7.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"xamgu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"xamgu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi bei fe do be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d8.toml
index e5c8dfba45..02ac10c2ff 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d8.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xámgu","span":[3,8]}}}}}},"linkargs":{"be":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be","span":[9,11]}}}},"first_link":{"PlaceTaggedLinkedSumti":{"fa":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"fi","span":[12,14]}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[15,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"beho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be'o","span":[18,22]}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[23,28]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"xamgu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:16","relationLabel":"xamgu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:16"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:18"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:15","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"xamgu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:16","relationLabel":"xamgu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:16"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:18"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:15","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti xamgu be fi mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d9.toml
index 7b55858c19..e3eb4b78c1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.7/c5e7d9.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥30) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}},"linkargs":{"be":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be","span":[9,11]}}}},"first_link":{"TenseTaggedLinkedSumti":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ga'a","span":[12,16]}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[17,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"beho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be'o","span":[20,24]}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[25,30]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:21","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"ta blanu be ga'a mi be'o zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"ta blanu be ga'a mi be'o zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"ta blanu be ga'a mi be'o 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d1.toml
index c2deeff92e..f919811d35 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d1.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"blanu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"medial","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ta","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"blanu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"medial","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ta","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ta blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d10.toml
index 6b655187af..669e8bfee7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d10.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥33) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[0,2]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[3,5]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cmálu","span":[6,11]}}}}}}}}}}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[12,16]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[23,27]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:34","content":"formula:33","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"ke ke cmalu ke'e nixli ke'e ckule","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"ke ke cmalu ke'e nixli ke'e ckule","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"ke ke cmalu ke'e nixli ke'e 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d11.toml
index 4834ba12c2..0f69a7e3be 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d11.toml
@@ -47,4 +47,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥17) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d12.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d12.toml
index 8e13847c3f..5d3184eff0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d12.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d12.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥17) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}},"co_tail":{"co":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"co","span":[9,11]}}}},"trailing_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sútra","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:21","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:13":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:14","relation":"sutra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:13"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"predication:19":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:11","modifier":"relation:18","relationLabel":"sutra-klama"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:18"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:19","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"formula:21":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:12","formula:20"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri-inversion"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:13"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"eventuality:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:22":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:18":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:17","parameters":["parameter:13"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mi klama co sutra","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}}}}"""
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d13.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d13.toml
index 3487833da2..b43386c5a1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d13.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d13.toml
@@ -70,4 +70,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥34) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d2.toml
index f72b75ebc2..11132a95e2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d2.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥17) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ta","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}},"co_tail":{"co":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"co","span":[9,11]}}}},"trailing_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"blanu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicateInversion"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"medial","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ta","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ta zdani co blanu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d3.toml
index 5fa6351911..014f2cef7d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d3.toml
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥44) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[3,8]}}}}}},"linkargs":{"be":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be","span":[9,11]}}}},"first_link":{"PlainLinkedSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[12,14]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"bei_links":[{"bei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"beĭ","span":[21,24]}}}},"link":{"PlainLinkedSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[25,27]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"beho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be'o","span":[34,38]}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"tróci","span":[39,44]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d4.toml
index 98ab81933c..f71cc281d1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d4.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥35) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d5.toml
index 2a904d6288..663ac522ff 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d5.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥26) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d6.toml
index 24564f3176..b0ace560d2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d6.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥37) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d7.toml
index c15f9d1e8e..7a7746b607 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d7.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ CoSelbri @[0‥20) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}}}},"co_tail":{"co":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"co","span":[6,8]}}}},"trailing_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:35","content":"formula:34","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ckule co melbi nixli","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ckule co melbi nixli","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ckule co melbi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d8.toml
index 54587cd468..8fe9b8afb4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d8.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[0,2]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mélbi","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[15,19]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ckúle","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d9.toml
index 417f1af178..c1c15e5dfb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.8/c5e8d9.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ CoSelbri @[0‥23) {
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:34","content":"formula:33","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ckule co nixli co cmalu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ckule co nixli co cmalu","construct":"tanru-inversion-formula"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":23},"text":"ckule co nixli co 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d2.toml
index bfa5e1d2c7..91dae8e921 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d2.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥20) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GohaWordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"go'i","span":[10,14]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"tróci","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"troci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"go'i","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only explicit assigned places are represented"}]},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:16","relationLabel":"go'i-troci"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:16"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:18"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:15","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"troci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"go'i","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only explicit assigned places are represented"}]},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:16","relationLabel":"go'i-troci"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:16"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:18"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:15","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. go'i troci","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d3.toml
index a5d21cdd36..cc32ebc08b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d3.toml
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[10,15]}}}}}},"linkargs":{"be":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be","span":[16,18]}}}},"first_link":{"PlainLinkedSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[19,21]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[22,27]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"beho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be'o","span":[28,32]}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"tróci","span":[33,38]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d5.toml
index 015f084914..118bdf39a3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d5.toml
@@ -72,4 +72,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥33) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d6.toml
index af6cb3311b..a341d14804 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d6.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥29) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"prim","span":[4,8]}}}},{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"palvr","span":[11,16]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"OrdinalTanruUnit":{"number":{"NumberWords":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pa","span":[18,20]}}}}}},"moi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"moĭ","span":[20,23]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cúsku","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .prim. .palvr. pamoi cusku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:13":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .prim. .palvr. pamoi 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .prim. .palvr. pamoi cusku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:13":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .prim. .palvr. pamoi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d7.toml
index b794c0b2b8..8c20b75265 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d7.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥35) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"anis","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"joĭ","span":[10,13]}}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[14,16]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"asun","span":[18,22]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"brúna","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"OrdinalTanruUnit":{"number":{"NumberWords":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[30,32]}}}}}},"moi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"meĭ","span":[32,35]}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .anis. joi la .asun. bruna remei","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .anis. joi la .asun. bruna remei","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"re mei","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .anis. joi la .asun. 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d8.toml
index 60a1b5801f..3edbbcb0bb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d8.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥21) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"nu","span":[3,5]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdíle","span":[6,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[12,15]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kúmfa","span":[16,21]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"ti nu zdile kei kumfa","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"eventuality","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"ti nu zdile kei kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"kumfa","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"ti nu zdile kei 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"ti nu zdile kei kumfa","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"eventuality","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"ti nu zdile kei kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"kumfa","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"ti nu zdile kei 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d9.toml
index 2b09dae269..0ce323d537 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-05/section-5.9/c5e9d9.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdíle","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kúmfa","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:21","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"kumfa","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"zdile","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:19":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:18","relationLabel":"zdile-kumfa"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:18"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:19","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:21":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:20"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:22":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:18":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:17","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti zdile kumfa","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.1/c6e1d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.1/c6e1d2.toml
index 3eb21c62ac..6ca2b54054 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.1/c6e1d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.1/c6e1d2.toml
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ Text @[0‥26) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ko","span":[7,9]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sárji","span":[10,15]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[16,18]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"lojban","span":[20,26]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e'o","span":[0,3]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"saĭ","span":[3,6]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"command","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:12","content":"formula:11","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"sarji","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2","commandTarget":{"introducedBy":"ko"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:13":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"request","family":"propositionalAttitude","intensity":"strong","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:11","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":6},"text":"e'osai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"lojban"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la .lojban.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"command","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:12","content":"formula:11","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"sarji","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2","commandTarget":{"introducedBy":"ko"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:13":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"request","family":"propositionalAttitude","intensity":"strong","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:11","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":6},"text":"e'osai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"lojban"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la .lojban.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":27},"text":"ko sarji la .lojban.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d1.toml
index 2134f9621c..41902fbc8e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d1.toml
@@ -70,4 +70,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥34) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d11.toml
index a59bd1a4c0..7ae4358ce4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d11.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d2.toml
index 9362ff6f95..10d23b1470 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d2.toml
@@ -85,4 +85,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥49) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d3.toml
index e99d679434..d060ec2819 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d3.toml
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥39) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d7.toml
index e12fd81f4d..02899fffff 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d7.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d8.toml
index cb9953a540..7c32f8165b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.10/c6e10d8.toml
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥38) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d6.toml
index 10e958c3f0..88e8ad66c5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d6.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d7.toml
index 972335faa7..903a2285ad 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d7.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ VocativeFreeModifier @[0‥26) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"leading_free_modifiers":[{"VocativeFreeModifier":{"vocative_markers":{"CoiVocativeMarkerWords":{"first_coi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"co'o","span":[0,4]}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[5,7]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"bab","span":[9,12]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[15,16]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[17,19]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"noras","span":[21,26]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:15","objects":{"utterance:15":{"type":"utterance","force":"vocative","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"vocativeKind":"farewell","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"co'o la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"vocative"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"vocativeTarget","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:5"}},"mode":"performative","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"vocativeTarget","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:9"}},"mode":"performative","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:12"],"connector":{"source":"e","locus":"sumti","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"sumti-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:5":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"bab"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la .bab.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"noras"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la .noras.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"co'o la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"vocative"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:15","objects":{"utterance:15":{"type":"utterance","force":"vocative","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"vocativeKind":"farewell","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"co'o la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"vocative"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"vocativeTarget","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:5"}},"mode":"performative","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"vocativeTarget","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:9"}},"mode":"performative","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:12"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"e"},"locus":"argument","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"sumti-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:5":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"bab"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la .bab.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"noras"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la .noras.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":26},"text":"la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"co'o la .bab. .e la .noras","construct":"vocative"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d8.toml
index aa35fa4c2d..120e0ca9a1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.11/c6e11d8.toml
@@ -58,4 +58,4 @@ VocativeFreeModifier @[0‥24) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"leading_free_modifiers":[{"VocativeFreeModifier":{"vocative_markers":{"CoiVocativeMarkerWords":{"first_coi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"coĭ","span":[0,3]}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[4,6]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[7,12]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"pástu","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}}},{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"níxli","span":[19,24]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.5/c6e5d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.5/c6e5d2.toml
index 0a9df04335..f415574777 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.5/c6e5d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.5/c6e5d2.toml
@@ -88,4 +88,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥50) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.5/c6e5d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.5/c6e5d3.toml
index 445948067b..538252c2a3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.5/c6e5d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-06/section-6.5/c6e5d3.toml
@@ -66,4 +66,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥31) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.12/c7e12d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.12/c7e12d1.toml
index edcd414fca..754aa1dfb0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.12/c7e12d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.12/c7e12d1.toml
@@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥56) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d2.toml
index 3f3b998bc0..3ee624dba4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d2.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d4.toml
index feef1c7246..37c2874fa1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d4.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥15) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"deĭ","span":[0,3]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"jétnu","span":[4,9]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"júfra","span":[10,15]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"jufra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"sign:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"jetnu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"jetnu-jufra"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"sign:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"bridi"}},"sign:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"sign","descriptor":{"kind":"utteranceReference","word":"dei","speaker":"entity:1"},"target":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":3},"text":"dei","construct":"sumti"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"jufra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"sign:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"jetnu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"jetnu-jufra"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"sign:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"bridi"}},"sign:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"sign","descriptor":{"kind":"utteranceReference","word":"dei","speaker":"entity:1"},"target":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":3},"text":"dei","construct":"sumti"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":15},"text":"dei jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d5.toml
index d8e15be612..fa45824d15 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.4/c7e4d5.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥16) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do'i","span":[0,4]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"jétnu","span":[5,10]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"júfra","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"jufra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"sign:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"jetnu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"jetnu-jufra"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"sign:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"bridi"}},"sign:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"sign","descriptor":{"kind":"utteranceReference","word":"do'i","speaker":"entity:1"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"do'i","construct":"sumti"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"jufra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"sign:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"jetnu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:10","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"jetnu-jufra"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"sign:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:12"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"bridi"}},"sign:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"sign","descriptor":{"kind":"utteranceReference","word":"do'i","speaker":"entity:1"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"do'i","construct":"sumti"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:12"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do'i jetnu jufra","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.5/c7e5d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.5/c7e5d5.toml
index a6959120f8..0a638fb983 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.5/c7e5d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.5/c7e5d5.toml
@@ -133,4 +133,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥102) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.5/c7e5d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.5/c7e5d7.toml
index 53f2e65462..0c11515bea 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.5/c7e5d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.5/c7e5d7.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥20) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.6/c7e6d12.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.6/c7e6d12.toml
index 7a18e64650..159061e5dd 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.6/c7e6d12.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.6/c7e6d12.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.9/c7e9d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.9/c7e9d5.toml
index 2e1659d834..681ca2ebef 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.9/c7e9d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-07/section-7.9/c7e9d5.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.1/c8e1d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.1/c8e1d4.toml
index 67fd8e406c..9477dd4777 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.1/c8e1d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.1/c8e1d4.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥40) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"BridiRelativeClause":{"RestrictiveBridiRelativeClause":{"poi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"poĭ","span":[3,6]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'a","span":[7,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"názbi","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"kap"},{"Rafsi":"kévna"}],"span":[18,26]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kuho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku'o","span":[27,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[32,34]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[35,40]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"ti poi ke'a nazbi kapkevna ku'o cu barda","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:15":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ke'a nazbi 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"ti poi ke'a nazbi kapkevna ku'o cu barda","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:15":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":26},"text":"ke'a nazbi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.2/c8e2d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.2/c8e2d6.toml
index c017c78ffd..1360c7ff93 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.2/c8e2d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.2/c8e2d6.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ Text @[0‥29) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[3,5]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"víska","span":[6,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[12,14]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{"tail_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[15,17]}}}}}},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blábi","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kárce","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"xu","span":[0,2]}}}}}]}}'
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d16.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d16.toml
index 7e4fe78877..20eb8e9da1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d16.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d16.toml
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥32) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d4.toml
index 23538ed74a..a199100500 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d4.toml
@@ -86,4 +86,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥44) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[0,2]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"stízu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"BridiRelativeClause":{"RestrictiveBridiRelativeClause":{"poi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"poĭ","span":[9,12]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'a","span":[13,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"conversions":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[18,20]}}}}],"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"stéci","span":[21,26]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"srána","span":[27,32]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[33,35]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[36,38]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[39,44]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":44},"text":"le stizu poi ke'a se steci srana mi cu xunre","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"stizu","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:17":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":13,"byteEnd":35},"text":"ke'a se steci srana 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d6.toml
index 3028f79f28..8b2816abc8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.3/c8e3d6.toml
@@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥48) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[0,2]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bírka","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"BridiRelativeClause":{"RestrictiveBridiRelativeClause":{"poi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"poĭ","span":[9,12]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"jínzi","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[19,21]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"conversions":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[22,24]}}}}],"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"stéci","span":[25,30]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"srána","span":[31,36]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[37,39]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[40,42]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"spófu","span":[43,48]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.7/c8e7d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.7/c8e7d5.toml
index a4bc87d7be..00dccc7351 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.7/c8e7d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.7/c8e7d5.toml
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ DescriptorWithGadriSumti @[0‥23) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d1.toml
index 83da2b5cea..23b0959a17 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d1.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ SimpleSumti @[0‥27) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d3.toml
index 36c1126ffb..0e53a6b1ad 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d3.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥68) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d4.toml
index 3df32bf6ad..d44a539182 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d4.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥71) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d5.toml
index 3b81bdc198..c0a77ae365 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d5.toml
@@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥53) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:33","content":"formula:32","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":53},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj. noi nanmu cu klama le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d6.toml
index 64e300504c..b66a501a0d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d6.toml
@@ -94,4 +94,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥58) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"frank","span":[4,9]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[12,13]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[14,16]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[18,24]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}},"vuho_attachment":{"VuhoRelativeSumtiAttachmentTail":{"vuho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"vu'o","span":[26,30]}}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"BridiRelativeClause":{"IncidentalBridiRelativeClause":{"noi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"noĭ","span":[31,34]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánmu","span":[35,40]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[41,43]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[44,49]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[50,52]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[53,58]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:37","content":"formula:36","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":58},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj. vu'o noi nanmu cu klama le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d7.toml
index 3282176cbc..4aad43da18 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d7.toml
@@ -96,4 +96,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥56) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"frank","span":[4,9]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[12,13]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[14,16]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[18,24]}}}}]}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"BridiRelativeClause":{"IncidentalBridiRelativeClause":{"noi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"noĭ","span":[26,29]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"TaggedSelbri":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu","span":[30,32]}}}}}]}}}}}}}},"inner_selbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bájra","span":[33,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[39,41]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[42,47]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[48,50]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[51,56]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d8.toml
index 5f6c240b37..3594d73615 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.8/c8e8d8.toml
@@ -100,4 +100,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥61) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.9/c8e9d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.9/c8e9d3.toml
index 762bc27acf..18673edc4a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.9/c8e9d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.9/c8e9d3.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ VocativeFreeModifier @[0‥29) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"leading_free_modifiers":[{"VocativeFreeModifier":{"vocative_markers":{"CoiVocativeMarkerWords":{"first_coi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"fi'i","span":[0,4]}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[5,7]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"frank","span":[9,14]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[17,18]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[19,21]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[23,29]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:15","objects":{"utterance:15":{"type":"utterance","force":"vocative","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"vocativeKind":"welcome","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"fi'i la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"vocative"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"vocativeTarget","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:5"}},"mode":"performative","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"vocativeTarget","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:9"}},"mode":"performative","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:12"],"connector":{"source":"e","locus":"sumti","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"sumti-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:5":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"frank"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":15},"text":"la .frank.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djordj"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .djordj.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"fi'i la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"vocative"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:15","objects":{"utterance:15":{"type":"utterance","force":"vocative","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"vocativeKind":"welcome","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"fi'i la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"vocative"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"vocativeTarget","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:5"}},"mode":"performative","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"vocativeTarget","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:9"}},"mode":"performative","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:12"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"e"},"locus":"argument","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"sumti-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:5":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"frank"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":15},"text":"la .frank.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djordj"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .djordj.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"fi'i la .frank. .e la .djordj","construct":"vocative"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.9/c8e9d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.9/c8e9d5.toml
index e0e5fb2ddd..6ba3cf8107 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.9/c8e9d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-08/section-8.9/c8e9d5.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ VocativeFreeModifier @[0‥30) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"leading_free_modifiers":[{"VocativeFreeModifier":{"vocative_markers":{"CoiVocativeMarkerWords":{"first_coi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"coĭ","span":[0,3]}}}}}},"sumti":{"CmevlaVocativeSumti":{"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"frank","span":[5,10]}}}}],"trailing_relative_clauses":{"first":{"BridiRelativeClause":{"RestrictiveBridiRelativeClause":{"poi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"poĭ","span":[12,15]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[16,21]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"conversions":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[22,24]}}}}],"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bénde","span":[25,30]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d1.toml
index 3854525d8a..31426a2e13 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d1.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥35) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:17","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:9","content":"formula:8","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:10":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi nelci la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:17":{"type":"sequence","content":"formula:16","items":["utterance:5","utterance:10"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi nelci do .ije mi nelci la .djein.","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:12"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi nelci la .djein.","construct":"predication"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi nelci la .djein.","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:14"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"je"},"locus":"statement","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi nelci do .ije mi nelci la .djein.","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djein"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":26,"byteEnd":36},"text":"la .djein.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi nelci la .djein.","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi nelci la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d2.toml
index e83a142a1e..2beb57dc8b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d2.toml
@@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥39) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[13,14]}}}},"connective":{"ITagBoStatementConnective":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ki'u","span":[14,18]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[18,20]}}}}}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[21,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[30,32]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭn","span":[34,39]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d3.toml
index 5ab311171e..58652d708e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d3.toml
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥41) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[13,14]}}}},"connective":{"IStandardStatementConnective":{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[14,16]}}}}}},"tag_bo":[{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ki'u","span":[16,20]}}}}}}},{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[20,22]}}}}]}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[23,25]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[26,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[32,34]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭn","span":[36,41]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}"""
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d4.toml
index bd1e48b76a..d1af45418a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d4.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥30) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}},"bound_tail":{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[13,14]}}}}}},"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ki'u","span":[14,18]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[18,20]}}}},"trailing_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[21,23]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭn","span":[25,30]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:9"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","introducedBy":"ki'u","relation":"krinu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:10"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"sumti-connection-claim"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"sumti-connection-claim"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:12","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":"e ki'u bo","locus":"sumti","truthTable":"TFFF"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"sumti-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djein"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la .djein.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:12","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"sumti-connection-claim"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:9"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","introducedBy":"ki'u","relation":"krinu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:10"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"sumti-connection-claim"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"sumti-connection-claim"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:12","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"e ki'u bo"},"locus":"argument","truthTable":"TFFF"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"sumti-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djein"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la .djein.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:12","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"sumti-connection-claim"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do .eki'ubo la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d5.toml
index e339e8bd50..1044724244 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d5.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}},"bo_continuation":{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'e","span":[12,16]}}}}}},"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ki'u","span":[16,20]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[20,22]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[23,28]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[29,31]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭn","span":[33,38]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"mi nelci do gi'eki'ubo nelci la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:10"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":23,"byteEnd":28},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","introducedBy":"ki'u","relation":"krinu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:9"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ki'u","construct":"bridi-tail-connection-claim"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":23,"byteEnd":28},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ki'u","construct":"bridi-tail-connection-claim"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:12","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":"gi'e ki'u bo","locus":"bridiTail","truthTable":"TFFF"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:9"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ki'u","construct":"bridi-tail-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djein"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":29,"byteEnd":39},"text":"la .djein.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:12","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":23,"byteEnd":28},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ki'u","construct":"bridi-tail-connection-claim"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"mi nelci do gi'eki'ubo nelci la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"mi nelci do gi'eki'ubo nelci la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:10"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":23,"byteEnd":28},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","introducedBy":"ki'u","relation":"krinu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:9"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ki'u","construct":"bridi-tail-connection-claim"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":23,"byteEnd":28},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ki'u","construct":"bridi-tail-connection-claim"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:12","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gi'e ki'u bo"},"locus":"predicatePhrase","truthTable":"TFFF"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:9"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ki'u","construct":"bridi-tail-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djein"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":29,"byteEnd":39},"text":"la .djein.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:12","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":23,"byteEnd":28},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":20},"text":"ki'u","construct":"bridi-tail-connection-claim"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"mi nelci do gi'eki'ubo nelci la .djein.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d6.toml
index 8addb3ae18..dd2c5b5213 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d6.toml
@@ -132,4 +132,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥87) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bévri","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[9,11]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"dákli","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[19,20]}}}},"connective":{"IStandardStatementConnective":{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[20,22]}}}}}},"tag_bo":[{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"se":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[22,24]}}}},"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ri'a","span":[24,28]}}}}}}},{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[28,30]}}}}]}},"trailing_statement":{"TextGroupStatement":{"tuhe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"tu'e","span":[31,35]}}}},"text":{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[36,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bévri","span":[39,44]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[45,47]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[48,53]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[55,56]}}}},"connective":{"IStandardStatementConnective":{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[56,58]}}}}}},"tag_bo":[{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"du'i","span":[58,62]}}}}}}},{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[62,64]}}}}]}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[65,67]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bévri","span":[68,73]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[74,76]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbr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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d7.toml
index c576d20bc9..ca36b7b667 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d7.toml
@@ -114,4 +114,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥76) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d8.toml
index 0efc4f2b63..c82a158f8b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.11/c9e11d8.toml
@@ -102,4 +102,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥60) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.12/c9e12d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.12/c9e12d4.toml
index d92f9d941d..7d743fa378 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.12/c9e12d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.12/c9e12d4.toml
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥71) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.13/c9e13d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.13/c9e13d2.toml
index 75c4f7abe6..c27a95a688 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.13/c9e13d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.13/c9e13d2.toml
@@ -108,4 +108,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥59) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.14/c9e14d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.14/c9e14d1.toml
index 96ee3bb879..c2bd4a721b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.14/c9e14d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.14/c9e14d1.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.14/c9e14d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.14/c9e14d2.toml
index 88d77c8f86..f049e5791f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.14/c9e14d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.14/c9e14d2.toml
@@ -127,4 +127,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥95) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.15/c9e15d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.15/c9e15d1.toml
index f639f9e857..7e1d21a738 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.15/c9e15d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.15/c9e15d1.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.15/c9e15d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.15/c9e15d2.toml
index d22f9473df..60bba689c4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.15/c9e15d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.15/c9e15d2.toml
@@ -86,4 +86,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.4/c9e4d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.4/c9e4d8.toml
index 60baad719e..4607c002d1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.4/c9e4d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.4/c9e4d8.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"conversions":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[3,5]}}}}],"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[6,8]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[21,25]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[26,28]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:10":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:10"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:8","modifier":"relation:14","relationLabel":"blanu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:14"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":26,"byteEnd":28},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:13","parameters":["parameter:10"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":28},"text":"mi se ke blanu zdani ke'e ti","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.5/c9e5d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.5/c9e5d2.toml
index 56e417eee8..95167823f2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.5/c9e5d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.5/c9e5d2.toml
@@ -80,4 +80,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥40) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.6/c9e6d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.6/c9e6d1.toml
index c35c9b6392..f599f0c8bb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.6/c9e6d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.6/c9e6d1.toml
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥33) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"víska","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"se":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[12,14]}}}},"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pi'o","span":[14,18]}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[19,21]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zúnle","span":[22,27]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kánla","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:30","content":"formula:29","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi viska do sepi'o le zunle kanla","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"zunle kanla","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"zunle 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:30","content":"formula:29","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi viska do sepi'o le zunle kanla","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"zunle kanla","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"zunle 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.6/c9e6d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.6/c9e6d2.toml
index 2c0151270c..94c6f5444e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.6/c9e6d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.6/c9e6d2.toml
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d1.toml
index 9d8454aeff..87b1bcd861 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d1.toml
@@ -104,4 +104,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥55) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d2.toml
index 4938511df6..c53ec4f4df 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d2.toml
@@ -109,4 +109,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥60) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d4.toml
index 7438c81ffd..cc8d53dd7b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d4.toml
@@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥56) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d5.toml
index 95ab97cd09..1342fdf50d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d5.toml
@@ -95,4 +95,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥48) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d6.toml
index bf417408c6..762b677f4d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d6.toml
@@ -119,4 +119,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥65) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d7.toml
index baf9047ebe..8ca30e7d1e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d7.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d8.toml
index bf314d6222..784c18d230 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d8.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d9.toml
index 6d41d40377..bfd11799c6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.7/c9e7d9.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d1.toml
index 1f7821fe97..b1395fd442 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d1.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d10.toml
index ad59787ec5..23f8f72245 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d10.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d11.toml
index f2c86d7220..93757fa238 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d11.toml
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥45) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d2.toml
index 10e68c6c59..e30c99b80f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d2.toml
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥46) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d3.toml
index 2d95e1b706..0a3c898bc3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d3.toml
@@ -95,4 +95,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥48) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d4.toml
index beae040b46..e0beea906e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d4.toml
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥37) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d5.toml
index 52c6154d70..802d31d035 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d5.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d6.toml
index 9860dd0e11..7d44893338 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d6.toml
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥70) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d7.toml
index 36414e8768..00346faa9c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d7.toml
@@ -85,4 +85,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d8.toml
index a9e11fa309..b22068b19b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d8.toml
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥37) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d9.toml
index 7ac1ec4e21..222c8d2218 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.8/c9e8d9.toml
@@ -68,4 +68,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥33) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[3,5]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cúkta","span":[6,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"ModalGiForethoughtConnective":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mu'i","span":[12,16]}}}}}}},"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[16,18]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"víska","span":[19,24]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[25,27]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"lébna","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:30","content":"formula:29","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi le cukta mu'igi viska gi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.9/c9e9d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.9/c9e9d6.toml
index b3d53b002f..f40e0851c5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.9/c9e9d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.9/c9e9d6.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥32) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"conversions":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[3,5]}}}}],"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bápli","span":[6,11]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"távla","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"baŭ","span":[18,21]}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[22,24]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"lojban","span":[26,32]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.9/c9e9d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.9/c9e9d8.toml
index a5317553ff..d0751aba41 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.9/c9e9d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-09/section-9.9/c9e9d8.toml
@@ -92,4 +92,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥50) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.10/c10e10d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.10/c10e10d10.toml
index 0b4222cfd3..b22c5bb97d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.10/c10e10d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.10/c10e10d10.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d1 c10e14d2 c10e14d3 c10e14d4 c10e14d5 c10e14d6 c10e14d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d1 c10e14d2 c10e14d3 c10e14d4 c10e14d5 c10e14d6 c10e14d7.toml
index b16b485213..8b0aeb0ef7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d1 c10e14d2 c10e14d3 c10e14d4 c10e14d5 c10e14d6 c10e14d7.toml	
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d1 c10e14d2 c10e14d3 c10e14d4 c10e14d5 c10e14d6 c10e14d7.toml	
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d2.toml
index c3c2bc47e1..a753c893f0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d2.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d5.toml
index 5f15cc8390..3cd5abfbcf 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d5.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ ParagraphStatement @[1‥50) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d7.toml
index 1b939fb3aa..aeb986dd7d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.14/c10e14d7.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.16/c10e16d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.16/c10e16d2.toml
index 7bcc17da6b..2210b5ad87 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.16/c10e16d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.16/c10e16d2.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.16/c10e16d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.16/c10e16d6.toml
index 93e4ea9da2..39a39e6a2c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.16/c10e16d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.16/c10e16d6.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d1.toml
index 633af2e11f..2f74b408b4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d1.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d10.toml
index b5e666d8f2..10dc1bbf24 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d10.toml
@@ -128,4 +128,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥81) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d11.toml
index 711c86e1ae..3be5bc2edd 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d11.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d12.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d12.toml
index fc11830cf3..0a950906a3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d12.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d2.toml
index 05d3c6eed0..5df30b2442 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d2.toml
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥45) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"teris","span":[4,9]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sátre","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[17,19]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mlátu","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'e","span":[26,30]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sátre","span":[31,36]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[37,39]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"ráctu","span":[40,45]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d3.toml
index f2e8a44742..39c3fe4841 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d3.toml
@@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥37) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d4.toml
index 5024581964..3573a5bcc4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d4.toml
@@ -103,4 +103,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥60) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d5.toml
index 3ae1eaa816..85d9f2fa39 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d5.toml
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥49) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d6.toml
index 5e95e825aa..d392e011ff 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d6.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d7.toml
index 24086a4684..d7c96f5afb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d7.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d8.toml
index 90c856653b..253b50395d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d8.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d9.toml
index 74cdcde68d..da9ab0bdb2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.17/c10e17d9.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d1.toml
index 485cd00d67..62565466c7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d1.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d2.toml
index ad37d793e2..45bbeec663 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d2.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d3.toml
index 4ca2759c76..ccea2ff661 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d3.toml
@@ -92,4 +92,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d5.toml
index 5d2fba5161..24e6e38949 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d5.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥32) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"TaggedSelbri":{"tense_modal":{"ConnectedTenseModal":{"first":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"SpaceThenTimeCahaTense":{"space":{"SpaceTenseWithMohi":{"mohi":{"mohi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mo'i","span":[3,7]}}}},"offset":{"faha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zu'a","span":[7,11]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[11,14]}}}}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[15,17]}}}}}},"tense_modal":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"SpaceThenTimeCahaTense":{"space":{"SpaceTenseWithMohi":{"mohi":{"mohi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mo'i","span":[18,22]}}}},"offset":{"faha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ri'u","span":[22,26]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}},"inner_selbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[27,32]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mo'izu'anai","construct":"tense-negation"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":"mo'i zu'a nai je mo'i ri'u","locus":"tense","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","space":{"relation":"leftOf","anchor":"entity:4","motion":{"kind":"toward","introducedBy":"mo'i"}},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","space":{"relation":"rightOf","anchor":"entity:4","motion":{"kind":"toward","introducedBy":"mo'i"}},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":14},"text":"mo'izu'anai","construct":"tense-negation"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"mo'i zu'a nai je mo'i ri'u"},"locus":"tense","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","space":{"relation":"leftOf","anchor":"entity:4","motion":{"kind":"toward","introducedBy":"mo'i"}},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","space":{"relation":"rightOf","anchor":"entity:4","motion":{"kind":"toward","introducedBy":"mo'i"}},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi mo'izu'anai je mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d6.toml
index 5c467d6fd3..8a13f628a5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.20/c10e20d6.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥31) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"TaggedSelbri":{"tense_modal":{"ConnectedTenseModal":{"first":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"SpaceThenTimeCahaTense":{"space":{"SpaceTenseWithMohi":{"mohi":{"mohi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mo'i","span":[3,7]}}}},"offset":{"faha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zu'a","span":[7,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[12,14]}}}},"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[14,16]}}}}}},"tense_modal":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"SpaceThenTimeCahaTense":{"space":{"SpaceTenseWithMohi":{"mohi":{"mohi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mo'i","span":[17,21]}}}},"offset":{"faha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ri'u","span":[21,25]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}},"inner_selbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[26,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mo'izu'a","construct":"tense-negation"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":"mo'i zu'a na je mo'i ri'u","locus":"tense","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","space":{"relation":"leftOf","anchor":"entity:4","motion":{"kind":"toward","introducedBy":"mo'i"}},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","space":{"relation":"rightOf","anchor":"entity:4","motion":{"kind":"toward","introducedBy":"mo'i"}},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mo'izu'a","construct":"tense-negation"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"mo'i zu'a na je mo'i ri'u"},"locus":"tense","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","space":{"relation":"leftOf","anchor":"entity:4","motion":{"kind":"toward","introducedBy":"mo'i"}},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","space":{"relation":"rightOf","anchor":"entity:4","motion":{"kind":"toward","introducedBy":"mo'i"}},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi mo'izu'a naje mo'iri'u cadzu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d5.toml
index 7989c51c6b..cc7512b66c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d5.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥32) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[13,14]}}}},"connective":{"ITagBoStatementConnective":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mu'i","span":[14,18]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[18,20]}}}}}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[21,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[30,32]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:19","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:9","content":"formula:8","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:10":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:19":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:10"],"connectionClaims":["formula:18"],"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:11"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","nonlogicalConnection":{"operator":"nonlogical:mu'i bo","connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"mu'i bo"},"locus":"statement","truthTable":"TFFF"}},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi nelci do .imu'ibo do nelci mi","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:16","introducedBy":"mu'i","relation":"mukti","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:11"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi nelci do .imu'ibo do nelci mi","construct":"statement-connection"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","boundEventualities":["eventuality:16"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi nelci do .imu'ibo do nelci mi","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:13","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":32},"text":"mi nelci do .imu'ibo do nelci mi","construct":"statement-connection"}},"eventuality/locution:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d6.toml
index 4d77f9b538..eaec1d5963 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d6.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥30) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[13,14]}}}},"connective":{"ITagBoStatementConnective":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ba","span":[14,16]}}}}}]}}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[16,18]}}}}}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[19,21]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[22,27]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[28,30]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:18","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:9","content":"formula:8","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:10":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:18":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:10"],"connectionClaims":["formula:17"],"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:11"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","nonlogicalConnection":{"operator":"nonlogical:ba bo","connector":{"source":"ba bo","locus":"statement","truthTable":"TFFF"}},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do nelci mi .ibabo mi nelci do","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:15","introducedBy":"ba","relation":"after","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:11"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do nelci mi .ibabo mi nelci do","construct":"statement-connection"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do nelci mi .ibabo mi nelci do","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:13","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do nelci mi .ibabo mi nelci do","construct":"statement-connection"}},"eventuality/locution:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:18","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:9","content":"formula:8","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:10":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:18":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:10"],"connectionClaims":["formula:17"],"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:11"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","nonlogicalConnection":{"operator":"nonlogical:ba bo","connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ba bo"},"locus":"statement","truthTable":"TFFF"}},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do nelci mi .ibabo mi nelci do","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:15","introducedBy":"ba","relation":"after","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:11"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do nelci mi .ibabo mi nelci do","construct":"statement-connection"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do nelci mi .ibabo mi nelci do","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:13","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do nelci mi .ibabo mi nelci do","construct":"statement-connection"}},"eventuality/locution:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":30},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d7.toml
index 90cb20b539..4bdb839c13 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d7.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥33) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"ModalGiForethoughtConnective":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mu'i","span":[0,4]}}}}}}},"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[4,6]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[7,9]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[10,15]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[16,18]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[19,21]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[22,24]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[25,30]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[31,33]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mu'igi do nelci mi gi mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":18},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","introducedBy":"mu'i","relation":"mukti","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:9"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted"},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":18},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"]},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:11","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":"mu'i gi gi","locus":"bridi","truthTable":"TFFF"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:9"]},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":18},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:11","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality"},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mu'igi do nelci mi gi mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mu'igi do nelci mi gi mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":18},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","introducedBy":"mu'i","relation":"mukti","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:9"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted"},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":18},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"]},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:11","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"mu'i gi gi"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"TFFF"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:9"]},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":18},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:11","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality"},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mu'igi do nelci mi gi mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d8.toml
index 261237136b..8737720134 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.23/c10e23d8.toml
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥31) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"ModalGiForethoughtConnective":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ba","span":[0,2]}}}}}]}}}}}}}},"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[2,4]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[5,7]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[8,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[14,16]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[17,19]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[20,22]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[23,28]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[29,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"bagi do nelci mi gi mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","introducedBy":"ba","relation":"after","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:9"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"}},"mode":"asserted"},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"]},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:11","formula:14"],"connector":{"source":"ba gi gi","locus":"bridi","truthTable":"TFFF"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:9"]},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:11","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality"},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"bagi do nelci mi gi mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"bagi do nelci mi gi mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","introducedBy":"ba","relation":"after","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:9"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:6"}},"mode":"asserted"},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"]},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:8","formula:11","formula:14"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ba gi gi"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"TFFF"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:6","eventuality:9"]},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:8","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"do nelci mi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","content":"formula:11","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"mi nelci do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality"},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"bagi do nelci mi gi mi nelci do","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.24/c10e24d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.24/c10e24d10.toml
index fc822b8aa5..461e5e2e7a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.24/c10e24d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.24/c10e24d10.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥30) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"artr","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"TaggedSelbri":{"tense_modal":{"ConnectedTenseModal":{"first":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu","span":[10,12]}}}}}]}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je'i","span":[13,17]}}}}}},"tense_modal":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ba","span":[18,20]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}]}},"inner_selbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"nol"},{"Rafsi":"ráĭ"},{"Rafsi":"tru"}],"span":[21,30]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"ask","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"question:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:17":{"type":"parameter","sort":"connective","role":"connectiveQuestion","introducedBy":"je'i","source":{"span":{"byteStart":13,"byteEnd":17},"text":"je'i","construct":"parameter"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nolraitru","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"nolraitru","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"connectiveQuestion","children":["formula:11","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":"pu je'i ba","locus":"tense","parameter":"parameter:17"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"question:19":{"type":"question","body":"formula:18","kind":"connective","mode":"direct","asker":"entity:1","respondent":"entity:2","domain":"connective","slots":[{"parameter":"parameter:17","role":"answer"}],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"question"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"artr"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .artr.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","time":{"relation":"before","anchor":"eventuality:3"},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","time":{"relation":"after","anchor":"eventuality:3"},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"ask","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"question:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:17":{"type":"parameter","sort":"connective","role":"connectiveQuestion","introducedBy":"je'i","source":{"span":{"byteStart":13,"byteEnd":17},"text":"je'i","construct":"parameter"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nolraitru","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"nolraitru","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"connectiveQuestion","children":["formula:11","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"pu je'i ba"},"locus":"tense","parameter":"parameter:17"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"question:19":{"type":"question","body":"formula:18","kind":"connective","mode":"direct","asker":"entity:1","respondent":"entity:2","domain":"connective","slots":[{"parameter":"parameter:17","role":"answer"}],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"question"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"artr"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .artr.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","time":{"relation":"before","anchor":"eventuality:3"},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","time":{"relation":"after","anchor":"eventuality:3"},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"la .artr. pu je'i ba nolraitru","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.24/c10e24d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.24/c10e24d9.toml
index 69eca02da5..d27eddd4c1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.24/c10e24d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.24/c10e24d9.toml
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥30) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"TaggedSelbri":{"tense_modal":{"ConnectedTenseModal":{"first":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu","span":[3,5]}}}},"distance":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zi","span":[5,7]}}}}}]}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[8,10]}}}}}},"tense_modal":{"CompositeTense":{"CuheTense":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu'e","span":[11,15]}}}}}}}]}},"inner_selbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sómbo","span":[16,21]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[22,24]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gúrni","span":[25,30]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"ask","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"question:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"do puzi je cu'e sombo le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.26/c10e26d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.26/c10e26d1.toml
index 8f9ced09da..99ce1e7698 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.26/c10e26d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-10/section-10.26/c10e26d1.toml
@@ -124,4 +124,4 @@ Text @[1‥79) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.1/c11e1d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.1/c11e1d3.toml
index 1be60ab77e..7c5a8b542f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.1/c11e1d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.1/c11e1d3.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥31) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.12/c11e12d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.12/c11e12d2.toml
index 3dfa58eab2..3cfe65cc54 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.12/c11e12d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.12/c11e12d2.toml
@@ -95,4 +95,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥48) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:35","content":"formula:34","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":48},"text":"le mikce cu se cinri le pu'u jenai za'i mi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.3/c11e3d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.3/c11e3d2.toml
index 6ae8653925..a78947f755 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.3/c11e3d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.3/c11e3d2.toml
@@ -93,4 +93,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥67) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithProperties":{"properties":[{"ZahoIntervalPropertyTense":{"zaho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ca'o","span":[0,4]}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[5,7]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu'u","span":[8,12]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[13,15]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"látmo","span":[16,21]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"bal"},{"Rafsi":"jé'a"}],"span":[22,29]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[30,32]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"pórpi","span":[33,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[39,42]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithoutGadriSumti":{"quantifier":{"PaRunQuantifier":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"so'i","span":[43,47]}}}}}}},"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"je'á"},{"Rafsi":"tru"}],"span":[48,55]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[56,58]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"sel"},{"Rafsi":"cátra"}],"span":[59,67]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.6/c11e6d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.6/c11e6d3.toml
index 009b21b466..bfe13bb2fc 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.6/c11e6d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.6/c11e6d3.toml
@@ -92,4 +92,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥50) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.8/c11e8d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.8/c11e8d8.toml
index 19babedae3..0fd9289af3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.8/c11e8d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.8/c11e8d8.toml
@@ -115,4 +115,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥65) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.9/c11e9d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.9/c11e9d6.toml
index 9fee8cf3b9..8e1bcc4ae1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.9/c11e9d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-11/section-11.9/c11e9d6.toml
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ DescriptorWithGadriSumti @[0‥82) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"FragmentStatement":{"TermsFragment":{"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[0,2]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"su'u","span":[3,7]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[8,10]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"ĭecus","span":[12,17]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"kúc"},{"Rafsi":"taĭ"}],"span":[19,25]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"sel"},{"Rafsi":"cátra"}],"span":[26,34]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[35,38]}}}}}}},"linkargs":{"be":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be","span":[39,41]}}}},"first_link":{"PlainLinkedSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"lo","span":[42,44]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"sa'o"},{"Hyphen":"r"},{"Rafsi":"dzi"},{"Rafsi":"fá'a"}],"span":[45,57]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[58,60]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"nal"},{"Rafsi":"mat"},{"Rafsi":"má'e"}],"span":[61,71]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"sut"},{"Hyphen":"y"},{"Rafsi":"tér"},{"Rafsi":"jvi"}],"span":[72,82]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.1/c12e1d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.1/c12e1d1.toml
index 32ff6dce8d..2fd58c7d5a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.1/c12e1d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.1/c12e1d1.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"fágri","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"fésti","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"festi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"fagri","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"fagri-festi"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:21","content":"formula:20","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"festi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"fagri","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:17","relationLabel":"fagri-festi"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:17"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:20":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:19"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:11"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:21":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:16","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti fagri festi","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d1.toml
index 0b740cae7a..8ceed6ad9a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d1.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[0,2]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bákni","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"réctu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[15,19]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"pánlo","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke bakni rectu kehe panlo","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke bakni rectu kehe panlo","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:16":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke bakni rectu kehe 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke bakni rectu kehe panlo","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke bakni rectu kehe panlo","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:16":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke bakni rectu kehe 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d2.toml
index f7047b5a17..180d7b780a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d2.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bákni","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[6,8]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"réctu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"pánlo","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[21,25]}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"bakni ke rectu panlo kehe","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"bakni ke rectu panlo kehe","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"bakni ke rectu panlo 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d3.toml
index 8e7820d3f0..deb3b7d258 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d3.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zékri","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[6,8]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nénri","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[21,25]}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d4.toml
index 7b5893ec39..4e0fd294ea 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d4.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[0,2]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zékri","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nénri","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[15,19]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:32","content":"formula:31","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke zekri nenri kehe klama","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke zekri nenri kehe klama","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:19":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke zekri nenri kehe 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:32","content":"formula:31","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke zekri nenri kehe klama","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke zekri nenri kehe klama","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:19":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke zekri nenri kehe 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d5.toml
index 13e4ba2409..32e7a5f452 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d5.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥20) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xámsi","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[6,8]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cálku","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cúrnu","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:31","content":"formula:30","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xamsi ke calku curnu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xamsi ke calku curnu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:21":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":20},"text":"xamsi ke calku 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d6.toml
index d8b60db6aa..ded3d24a8f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.11/c12e11d6.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.12/c12e12d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.12/c12e12d4.toml
index 6657d7b18a..f43e2c517d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.12/c12e12d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.12/c12e12d4.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥18) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"nu","span":[0,2]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sónci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[9,12]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"djíca","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":18},"text":"nu sonci kei djica","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"eventuality","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":18},"text":"nu sonci kei djica","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"djica","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":18},"text":"nu sonci kei 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":18},"text":"nu sonci kei djica","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"eventuality","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":18},"text":"nu sonci kei djica","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"djica","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":18},"text":"nu sonci kei 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d10.toml
index 2532ad23f4..6ebed9e53c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d10.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[0,2]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mínde","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xánce","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[15,19]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"pílno","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:31","content":"formula:30","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke minde xance kehe pilno","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke minde xance kehe pilno","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:17":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"ke minde xance kehe 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d11.toml
index 2ce474a47d..50875117a4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d11.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mínde","span":[0,5]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[6,8]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xánce","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"pílno","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[21,25]}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:31","content":"formula:30","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"minde ke xance pilno kehe","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"minde ke xance pilno kehe","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:21":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"minde ke xance pilno 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:31","content":"formula:30","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"minde ke xance pilno kehe","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:12":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"minde ke xance pilno kehe","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:21":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":25},"text":"minde ke xance pilno 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d9.toml
index f8ccbd0e5c..d986e01d6c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.14/c12e14d9.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥25) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.2/c12e2d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.2/c12e2d3.toml
index 5f1bf97f7e..00bdad0bbd 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.2/c12e2d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-12/section-12.2/c12e2d3.toml
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d2.toml
index 2c4278dcf7..5286237d04 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d2.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Text @[1‥17) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d3.toml
index 9afc13fc1d..a3af83dd86 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d3.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Text @[1‥17) {
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"pity","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"uu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d4.toml
index 55b2769749..5e72031c0e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d4.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Text @[1‥18) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"hope","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"a'o","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":12},"text":"la djan","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"hope","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"a'o","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":12},"text":"la djan","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d5.toml
index b6c94473b5..c32e5bb809 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d5.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Text @[1‥17) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[4,6]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[7,11]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ŭe","span":[1,3]}}}}}]}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"surprise","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"ue","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"surprise","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"ue","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d6.toml
index 5f8e6783a5..c86af50a35 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.1/c13e1d6.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ Text @[1‥20) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[7,9]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[10,14]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ĭa","span":[1,3]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[3,6]}}}}}]}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"belief","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":6},"text":"ianai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"belief","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":6},"text":"ianai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d1.toml
index f832abc1ad..d0ffc8099a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d1.toml
@@ -70,4 +70,4 @@ Text @[0‥28) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:21","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:23"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":28},"text":"le re do cu simxu speni","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:13":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":28},"text":"le re do cu simxu speni","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:8","relation":"speni","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":28},"text":"le re do cu simxu 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d2.toml
index f1c54ede90..0b4a4bedde 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d2.toml
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ Text @[0‥36) {
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-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:18"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":36},"text":"le tuple be mi cu se--cortu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"tuple be mi","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","relation":"tuple","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"tuple be mi","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:11"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":23},"text":"le tuple be mi","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cortu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":36},"text":"le tuple be mi cu se--cortu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"tuple be mi","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":23},"text":"le tuple be mi","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":36},"text":"le tuple be mi cu se--cortu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:18":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"experience","family":"evidential","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostAsserted","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:16","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ba'acu'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:13"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":23},"text":"le tuple be mi","construct":"description"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":36},"text":"le tuple be mi cu se--cortu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":36},"text":"le tuple be mi cu se--cortu","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:10","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":23},"text":"tuple be mi","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d3.toml
index 1b4279bda8..e6be019c26 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d3.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ Text @[0‥25) {
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .uengas cu zergau","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"zergau","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","relationMetadata":"relationMetadata:8","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .uengas cu zergau","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .uengas cu zergau","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:12":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"hearsay","family":"evidential","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostAsserted","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:10","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"ti'e","construct":"indicator"}},"relationMetadata:8":{"type":"relationMetadata","relation":"zergau","sourceWords":["zekri","gasnu"],"expansion":{"kind":"lujvo","sourceWords":["zer","gau"]},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .uengas cu zergau","construct":"predication"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"uengas"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":15},"text":"la .uengas","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .uengas cu zergau","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la .uengas cu zergau","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d4.toml
index a8026677b7..4f68bba759 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d4.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ Text @[0‥13) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[5,7]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"tátpi","span":[8,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"za'a","span":[0,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"tatpi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"observation","family":"evidential","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostAsserted","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"za'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"tatpi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"observation","family":"evidential","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostAsserted","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"za'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do tatpi","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d5.toml
index 196bf756e8..b4002bf05d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d5.toml
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ Text @[0‥32) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[5,7]}}}},"names":[{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"kartagos","span":[9,17]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"eĭ","span":[20,22]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"conversions":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[23,25]}}}}],"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"dáspo","span":[27,32]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pe'i","span":[0,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:12","content":"formula:11","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:8","display:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"daspo","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:8":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"obligation","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"entity:7","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ei","construct":"indicator"}},"display:13":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"opinion","family":"evidential","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostAsserted","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:11","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"pe'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"kartagos"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:12","content":"formula:11","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:8","display:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"daspo","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:8":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"obligation","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"entity:7","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ei","construct":"indicator"}},"display:13":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"opinion","family":"evidential","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostAsserted","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:11","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"pe'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"kartagos"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la .kartagos. .ei se--daspo","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d6.toml
index 67d8231236..2848c555a8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.11/c13e11d6.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ Text @[0‥19) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"leading_free_modifiers":[{"VocativeFreeModifier":{"vocative_markers":{"DoiVocativeMarkerWords":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"doĭ","span":[5,8]}}}}},"sumti":{"CmevlaVocativeSumti":{"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"livinston","span":[10,19]}}}}]}}}}],"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ru'a","span":[0,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:7","objects":{"utterance:7":{"type":"utterance","force":"vocative","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:5","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:6","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:8"],"vocativeKind":"address","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":19},"text":"doi .livinston","construct":"vocative"}},"display:8":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"presumption","family":"evidential","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"utterance:7","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"ru'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:5":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"livinston"},"target":"entity:2","source":{"span":{"byteStart":10,"byteEnd":20},"text":"livinston.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality/locution:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":19},"text":"doi .livinston","construct":"vocative"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:7","objects":{"utterance:7":{"type":"utterance","force":"vocative","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:5","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:6","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:8"],"vocativeKind":"address","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":19},"text":"doi .livinston","construct":"vocative"}},"display:8":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"presumption","family":"evidential","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"utterance:7","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"ru'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:5":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"livinston"},"target":"entity:2","source":{"span":{"byteStart":10,"byteEnd":20},"text":"livinston.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality/locution:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":19},"text":"doi .livinston","construct":"vocative"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d2.toml
index 9867d26fa7..8767ab0600 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d2.toml
@@ -76,4 +76,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥37) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"dárxi","span":[3,8]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"po'o","span":[9,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[14,16]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{"tail_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[17,19]}}}}}},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"támne","span":[20,25]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"PlaceTaggedSumtiTerm":{"fa":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"fo","span":[26,28]}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[29,31]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"názbi","span":[32,37]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:30","content":"formula:29","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:31"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"mi darxi po'o le mi tamne fo le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d5.toml
index 9763bc7039..11e7c32c57 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d5.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d6.toml
index 7b3cb2e811..5425cfd23d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.12/c13e12d6.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.13/c13e13d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.13/c13e13d2.toml
index 16a57ec2d8..fcd9e90796 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.13/c13e13d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.13/c13e13d2.toml
@@ -68,4 +68,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d1.toml
index 46455277cb..18b95c8e1e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d1.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ Text @[1‥27) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d10.toml
index 0b90671836..3872e7d7b4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d10.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Text @[1‥19) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"complaint","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"oi","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d11.toml
index 6f44f5c31c..23e3d66fa2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d11.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ Text @[1‥23) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[8,10]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[12,16]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"o'o","span":[1,4]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[4,7]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"patience","family":"emotion","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":7},"text":"o'onai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"patience","family":"emotion","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":7},"text":"o'onai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d12.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d12.toml
index b624feaa32..77a76cc6ca 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d12.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d12.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Text @[1‥20) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[5,7]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[9,13]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"o'i","span":[1,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"caution","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"o'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"caution","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"o'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d13.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d13.toml
index facc42652d..aa02cb5206 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d13.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d13.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ Text @[1‥24) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[9,11]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[13,17]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[19,24]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"o'e","span":[1,4]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu'i","span":[4,8]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"detachment","family":"emotion","polarity":"neutral","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":8},"text":"o'ecu'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"detachment","family":"emotion","polarity":"neutral","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":8},"text":"o'ecu'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":24},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d14.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d14.toml
index 0c00a08226..1c71bf9701 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d14.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d14.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Text @[1‥20) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[5,7]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[9,13]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"o'u","span":[1,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"relaxation","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"o'u","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"relaxation","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"o'u","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d15.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d15.toml
index 521e537e80..59934cbf6e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d15.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d15.toml
@@ -45,4 +45,4 @@ Text @[1‥9) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"smácu","span":[4,9]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ĭi","span":[1,3]}}}}}]}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"smacu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:12":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"fear","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:10","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"ii","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"smacu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:12":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"fear","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:10","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"ii","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":9},"text":"smacu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d18.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d18.toml
index 3c23777d90..97da71ccde 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d18.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d18.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥19) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[10,15]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ĭu","span":[17,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"love","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"selbri","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":19},"text":"iu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"love","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"predicate","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":19},"text":"iu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama .iu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d2.toml
index 6747194ce7..6ff2fa0193 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d2.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ Text @[1‥28) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[5,7]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"fácki","span":[8,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"PlaceTaggedSumtiTerm":{"fa":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"fi","span":[14,16]}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[17,19]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{"tail_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[20,22]}}}}}},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mápku","span":[23,28]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"u'a","span":[1,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d3.toml
index 11fa8a2334..66191c360c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d3.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d4.toml
index d3af173dea..da0ebcddf1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d4.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ Text @[1‥27) {
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-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:21"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mapku","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","relation":"mapku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mapku","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:12"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":27},"text":"le mi mapku","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","relation":"associatedWith","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi","construct":"possessive-sumti"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"facki","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:17","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mapku","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":27},"text":"le mi mapku","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi","construct":"possessive-sumti"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:21":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"completion","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:19","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"uo","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:14","relativeClauses":[{"kind":"restrictive","body":"formula:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi","construct":"possessive-sumti"}}]},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":27},"text":"le mi mapku","construct":"description"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:11","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mapku","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:21"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mapku","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","relation":"mapku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mapku","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:12"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":27},"text":"le mi mapku","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","relation":"associatedWith","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi","construct":"possessive-sumti"}},"predication:18":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"facki","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:17","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mapku","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":27},"text":"le mi mapku","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi","construct":"possessive-sumti"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:18","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:21":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"completion","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:19","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"uo","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:14","relativeClauses":[{"kind":"restrictive","body":"formula:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":19,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi","construct":"possessive-sumti"}}]},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":16,"byteEnd":27},"text":"le mi mapku","construct":"description"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:17":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mi facki fi le mi mapku","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:11","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mapku","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d5.toml
index 3f1734068a..da480a297f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d5.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ Text @[1‥12) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[4,6]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"córtu","span":[7,12]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ŭu","span":[1,3]}}}}}]}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cortu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"pity","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"uu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cortu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"pity","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"uu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":12},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d6.toml
index 2eb5c83845..53ee525414 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d6.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ Text @[1‥13) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[5,7]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"córtu","span":[8,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"u'u","span":[1,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cortu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"repentance","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"u'u","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cortu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"repentance","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"u'u","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"do cortu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d7.toml
index b6c594e911..6364a9f3bd 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d7.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Text @[1‥19) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[4,6]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[8,12]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ŭe","span":[1,3]}}}}}]}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"surprise","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"ue","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"surprise","family":"emotion","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":3},"text":"ue","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":4,"byteEnd":19},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d8.toml
index 599335613d..0c1a6bc6c2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d8.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ Text @[1‥23) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[8,10]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[12,16]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ŭe","span":[1,3]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu'i","span":[3,7]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"surprise","family":"emotion","polarity":"neutral","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":7},"text":"uecu'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"surprise","family":"emotion","polarity":"neutral","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":7},"text":"uecu'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":23},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d9.toml
index 6c4d3e1f73..63f7320d74 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.2/c13e2d9.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ Text @[1‥22) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[7,9]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[11,15]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ŭe","span":[1,3]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[3,6]}}}}}]}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"surprise","family":"emotion","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":6},"text":"uenai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":16},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:14","content":"formula:13","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:15":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"surprise","family":"emotion","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:13","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":6},"text":"uenai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":16},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":7,"byteEnd":22},"text":"la .djan. klama","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d1.toml
index 2630f895a3..06959b7327 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d1.toml
@@ -64,4 +64,4 @@ Text @[1‥25) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d10.toml
index f95bde37c3..26dc6d0578 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d10.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d11.toml
index 175256ffa8..53d85ae07b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d11.toml
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ Text @[1‥16) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"command","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:9","content":"formula:8","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"kurji","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2","commandTarget":{"introducedBy":"ko"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2","commandTarget":{"introducedBy":"ko"}}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"predication"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:10":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"request","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:8","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"e'o","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"command","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:9","content":"formula:8","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:7":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"kurji","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2","commandTarget":{"introducedBy":"ko"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2","commandTarget":{"introducedBy":"ko"}}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"predication"}},"formula:8":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:7","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:10":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"request","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:8","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"e'o","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ko ko kurji","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d12.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d12.toml
index ed38724523..d5c5b5f70e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d12.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d12.toml
@@ -64,4 +64,4 @@ Text @[1‥22) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d13.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d13.toml
index 75f26d8643..d9da603b02 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d13.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d13.toml
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@ Text @[1‥33) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d15.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d15.toml
index 0f789c8ab3..f61935f83f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d15.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d15.toml
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ Text @[1‥44) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d16.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d16.toml
index 3298adca2e..dff2791296 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d16.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d16.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ Text @[1‥21) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:12","content":"formula:11","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:7","display:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"zukte","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:7":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"approval","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"entity:2","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":15},"text":"i'e","construct":"indicator"}},"display:13":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"approval","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:11","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":7},"text":"i'enai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:12","content":"formula:11","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:7","display:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"zukte","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:7":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"approval","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"entity:2","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":15},"text":"i'e","construct":"indicator"}},"display:13":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"approval","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:11","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":7},"text":"i'enai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":21},"text":"do .i'e zukte","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d17.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d17.toml
index e11993a7ea..c5660e3368 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d17.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d17.toml
@@ -68,4 +68,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥25) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sázri","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[9,11]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kárce","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[19,20]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e'a","span":[22,25]}}}}}]}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:20"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"karce","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","relation":"karce","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"karce","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:13"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"le karce","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"sazri","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:16","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"predication"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"karce","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"le karce","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:20":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"permission","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:18","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":25},"text":"e'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:15"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"le karce","construct":"description"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:12","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"karce","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:20"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"karce","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","relation":"karce","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"karce","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:13"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"le karce","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"sazri","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:16","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"predication"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"karce","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"le karce","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:20":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"permission","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:18","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":25},"text":"e'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:15"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"le karce","construct":"description"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:12","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"karce","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d2.toml
index 2ec42f2d3a..4900bb8aa0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d2.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ Text @[1‥22) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d3.toml
index 2bd86d1128..37ee6067f6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d3.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d4.toml
index 3697cd15ef..99baf05981 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d4.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d5.toml
index efb30cff27..6e4b0c3472 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d5.toml
@@ -70,4 +70,4 @@ Text @[1‥33) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d6.toml
index 084b75c0a7..7972cfd9d9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d6.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ Text @[1‥12) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d7.toml
index 00b14df53b..6263f29f16 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d7.toml
@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ Text @[1‥17) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"pánte","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"a'u","span":[1,4]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu'i","span":[4,8]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:12","content":"formula:11","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"pante","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:13":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"interest","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"neutral","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:11","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":8},"text":"a'ucu'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:12","content":"formula:11","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"pante","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:13":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"interest","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"neutral","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:11","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":8},"text":"a'ucu'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":17},"text":"do pante","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d8.toml
index 3fe5992751..94bb4663c6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d8.toml
@@ -64,4 +64,4 @@ Text @[1‥22) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[5,7]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sázri","span":[8,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[14,16]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kárce","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e'a","span":[1,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:20"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":22},"text":"karce","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","relation":"karce","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":22},"text":"karce","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:13"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le karce","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"sazri","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:16","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"predication"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":22},"text":"karce","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le karce","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:20":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"permission","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:18","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"e'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:15"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le karce","construct":"description"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:12","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":22},"text":"karce","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:20"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":22},"text":"karce","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","relation":"karce","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":22},"text":"karce","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:13"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le karce","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:17":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"sazri","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:16","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"predication"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":22},"text":"karce","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le karce","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:17","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:20":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"permission","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:18","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"e'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:15"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le karce","construct":"description"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:16":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"do sazri le karce","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:12","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":22},"text":"karce","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d9.toml
index df620e71c5..f667f7f5d3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.3/c13e3d9.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ Text @[1‥21) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[5,7]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"lífri","span":[8,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LaheSumti":{"lahe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"tu'a","span":[14,18]}}}},"inner_sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[19,21]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e'e","span":[1,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"lifri","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:7"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"competence","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"e'e","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality","descriptor":{"kind":"abstractionAbout","word":"tu'a","speaker":"entity:1","operand":"entity:2"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":21},"text":"tu'a do","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"lifri","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"eventuality:7"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"competence","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":1,"byteEnd":4},"text":"e'e","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality","descriptor":{"kind":"abstractionAbout","word":"tu'a","speaker":"entity:1","operand":"entity:2"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":21},"text":"tu'a do","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":21},"text":"mi lifri tu'a do","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d1.toml
index b751a2e1e0..71c1734a8b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d1.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥34) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ko","span":[0,2]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ga'i","span":[3,7]}},"nai":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[7,10]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nénri","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[23,25]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{"tail_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[26,28]}}}}}},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[29,34]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d2.toml
index 052cbc69f3..51bf408e11 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d2.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥35) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d3.toml
index 8ada702993..793bbe676d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d3.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥31) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d4.toml
index 03d4284242..4138ec36dc 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-13/section-13.7/c13e7d4.toml
@@ -64,4 +64,4 @@ Text @[0‥22) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[5,7]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xárju","span":[8,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"TaggedSelbri":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu","span":[14,16]}}}}}]}}}}}}}},"inner_selbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cítka","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ga'i","span":[0,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:19"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":13},"text":"xarju","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","relation":"xarju","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":13},"text":"xarju","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:12"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"le xarju","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"citka","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":13},"text":"xarju","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"le xarju","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:19":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"rank","family":"attitudeModifier","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:17","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"ga'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:14"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"le xarju","construct":"description"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","time":{"relation":"before","anchor":"eventuality:3"},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:11","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":13},"text":"xarju","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:19"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:8":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":13},"text":"xarju","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","relation":"xarju","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":13},"text":"xarju","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","relation":"skicu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x4":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:12"}},"mode":"incidental","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"le xarju","construct":"speaker-description"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"citka","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":13},"text":"xarju","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"le xarju","construct":"speaker-description"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:19":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"rank","family":"attitudeModifier","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:17","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"ga'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"speakerDescription","word":"le","speaker":"entity:1","body":"formula:14"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":13},"text":"le xarju","construct":"description"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:8"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","time":{"relation":"before","anchor":"eventuality:3"},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":22},"text":"le xarju pu citka","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:11","parameters":["parameter:8"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":8,"byteEnd":13},"text":"xarju","construct":"speaker-description-property"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d1.toml
index 13d435f69c..c17896bae3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d1.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥64) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[9,11]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[13,17]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'e","span":[19,23]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[30,32]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"martas","span":[34,40]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}},"bo_continuation":{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'a","span":[42,46]}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[46,48]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[49,54]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[55,57]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"meris","span":[59,64]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi nelci la .djan. gi'e nelci la .martas. gi'abo nelci la .meris.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":29},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:14","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":49,"byteEnd":54},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":29},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":49,"byteEnd":54},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:13","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":"gi'a","locus":"bridiTail","truthTable":"TTTF"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:18"],"connector":{"source":"gi'e","locus":"bridiTail","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi nelci la .djan. gi'e nelci la .martas. gi'abo nelci la .meris.","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"martas"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":30,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la .martas.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"meris"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":55,"byteEnd":65},"text":"la .meris.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":29},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":49,"byteEnd":54},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi nelci la .djan. gi'e nelci la .martas. gi'abo nelci la .meris.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi nelci la .djan. gi'e nelci la .martas. gi'abo nelci la .meris.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":29},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:14","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"mi","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":49,"byteEnd":54},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":29},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":49,"byteEnd":54},"text":"nelci","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:13","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gi'a"},"locus":"predicatePhrase","truthTable":"TTTF"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:18"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gi'e"},"locus":"predicatePhrase","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi nelci la .djan. gi'e nelci la .martas. gi'abo nelci la .meris.","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":18},"text":"la .djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"martas"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":30,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la .martas.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"meris"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":55,"byteEnd":65},"text":"la .meris.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":29},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:14":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":49,"byteEnd":54},"text":"nelci","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi nelci la .djan. gi'e nelci la .martas. gi'abo nelci la .meris.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d10.toml
index 241345be57..8a54f4f41f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d10.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥36) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d11.toml
index 9ede7a0250..0da9e54bae 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d11.toml
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥47) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d2.toml
index 6ced1235c0..a7abfbc255 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d2.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d3.toml
index c45c4235d6..5a9157d75a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d3.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d4.toml
index 893f2faffb..09908b8a28 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d4.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d5.toml
index 5ee3d1b995..3b077558a9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d5.toml
@@ -109,4 +109,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥72) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d6.toml
index 936b7ef1f9..eec5c780e3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d6.toml
@@ -80,4 +80,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d7.toml
index ee8cf43388..514c627f8a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d7.toml
@@ -99,4 +99,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥59) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d8.toml
index 8a11f25825..9525d021ab 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d8.toml
@@ -85,4 +85,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d9.toml
index cd5e3423c7..94acd285bb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.10/c14e10d9.toml
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥45) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d2.toml
index 4c0c829a82..75bf44abfd 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d2.toml
@@ -111,4 +111,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥62) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d3.toml
index 6ac3af8382..b2b3b7f311 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d3.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d4.toml
index b1404c9c23..834d6959a6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d4.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d5.toml
index 5440ae91a8..a292381ab6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d5.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d6.toml
index 36e7e34bc2..f5f61684a2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d6.toml
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d7.toml
index 5bbc20529a..759ea3c3d7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.11/c14e11d7.toml
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥60) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d1.toml
index f7c696486a..dff7a912a0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d1.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥14) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","relation":"tanru","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"blanu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":"tanru","locus":"selbri"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:11"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:9","modifier":"relation:15","relationLabel":"blanu-zdani"},"arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"relation:15"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"implicitJuxtaposition"},"locus":"predicate"},"boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"relation:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"relation","body":"formula:14","parameters":["parameter:11"],"arity":1,"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"ti blanu zdani","construct":"tanru-formula"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d10.toml
index 3e2d9fef87..3ef009efe9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d10.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥29) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"alis","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"ForethoughtSelbriGroupTanruUnit":{"guhek":{"guha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gu'e","span":[10,14]}}}}},"leading_selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"rícfu","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[21,23]}}}}},"unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"fétsi","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"fetsi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":"gu'e","locus":"selbri","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"alis"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .alis.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"fetsi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:10","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gu'e"},"locus":"predicate","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"alis"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"la .alis.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":29},"text":"la .alis. gu'e ricfu gi fetsi","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d11.toml
index c651224566..8f21e84862 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d11.toml
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥35) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"alis","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"ForethoughtSelbriGroupTanruUnit":{"guhek":{"guha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gu'e","span":[10,14]}}}}},"leading_selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[21,23]}}}}},"unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"prénu","span":[30,35]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .alis. gu'e blanu gi zdani prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:10":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .alis. gu'e blanu gi zdani prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .alis. gu'e blanu gi zdani 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .alis. gu'e blanu gi zdani prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:10":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .alis. gu'e blanu gi zdani prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .alis. gu'e blanu gi zdani prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:10"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .alis. gu'e blanu gi zdani prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:14","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"parameter:10"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la .alis. gu'e blanu gi zdani prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:20":{"type":"predication","tanruLink":{"head":"predication:8","modifier":"relation:19","relationLabel":"gu'e blanu gi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d12.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d12.toml
index 2b52f19f99..973a7d1926 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d12.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d12.toml
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥40) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"víska","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithoutGadriSumti":{"quantifier":{"PaRunQuantifier":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pa","span":[9,11]}}}}}}},"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mlátu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[19,20]}}}},"connective":{"IStandardStatementConnective":{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[20,22]}}}}}}}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[23,25]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"víska","span":[26,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithoutGadriSumti":{"quantifier":{"PaRunQuantifier":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pa","span":[32,34]}}}}}}},"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[35,40]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d13.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d13.toml
index 161f7b584a..41ca86f04a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d13.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d13.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥29) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d14.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d14.toml
index 89b9514696..1c18993ad6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d14.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d14.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥26) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"víska","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithoutGadriSumti":{"quantifier":{"PaRunQuantifier":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pa","span":[9,11]}}}}}}},"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mlátu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[18,20]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[21,26]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"viska","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","relation":"mlatu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mlatu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":26},"text":"gerku","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mlatu","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":26},"text":"gerku","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:13","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":"je","locus":"selbri","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mlatu je gerku","construct":"restrictive-selbri-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"cardinality","variable":"entity:7","restriction":"formula:17","body":"formula:10","quantity":"quantity:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":26},"text":"pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"quantifier-scope"}},"quantity:18":{"type":"quantity","form":"exact","value":{"integer":1},"scale":"count","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":11},"text":"pa","construct":"quantity"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"variable","sort":"entity","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":26},"text":"pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"bound-argument"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["entity:7"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["entity:7"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["entity:7"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"viska","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","relation":"mlatu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mlatu","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"restrictive","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":26},"text":"gerku","construct":"restrictive-predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":17},"text":"mlatu","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":26},"text":"gerku","construct":"restrictive-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:13","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"je"},"locus":"predicate","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":12,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mlatu je gerku","construct":"restrictive-selbri-formula"}},"formula:19":{"type":"formula","operator":"cardinality","variable":"entity:7","restriction":"formula:17","body":"formula:10","quantity":"quantity:18","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":26},"text":"pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"quantifier-scope"}},"quantity:18":{"type":"quantity","form":"exact","value":{"integer":1},"scale":"count","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":11},"text":"pa","construct":"quantity"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"variable","sort":"entity","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":26},"text":"pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"bound-argument"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["entity:7"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["entity:7"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["entity:7"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"mi viska pa mlatu je gerku","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d2.toml
index 1f88809d24..cbc1d9b96b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d2.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥17) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[9,11]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":"je","locus":"selbri","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"je"},"locus":"predicate","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"connected-selbri-formula"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":17},"text":"ti blanu je zdani","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d4.toml
index 1702e41bfd..c87f299266 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d4.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥19) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'e","span":[9,13]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"ti blanu gi'e zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"shared-head-term"}}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"blanu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"zdani","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"blanu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"zdani","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":"gi'e","locus":"bridiTail","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"ti blanu gi'e zdani","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"blanu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"zdani","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"ti blanu gi'e zdani","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"ti blanu gi'e zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"shared-head-term"}}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"blanu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"zdani","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"blanu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"zdani","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gi'e"},"locus":"predicatePhrase","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"ti blanu gi'e zdani","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"blanu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"zdani","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"ti blanu gi'e zdani","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d5.toml
index 1fff62e35f..b8fb3b9b20 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d5.toml
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥22) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[10,11]}}}},"connective":{"IStandardStatementConnective":{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[11,13]}}}}}}}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[14,16]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:19","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:11":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:19":{"type":"sequence","content":"formula:18","items":["utterance:5","utterance:11"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti blanu .ije ti zdani","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":"je","locus":"statement","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti blanu .ije ti zdani","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:19","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:11":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:19":{"type":"sequence","content":"formula:18","items":["utterance:5","utterance:11"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti blanu .ije ti zdani","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"blanu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"zdani","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"je"},"locus":"statement","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti blanu .ije ti zdani","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","deicticReference":{"proximity":"proximal","ground":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":16},"text":"ti","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ti blanu","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":22},"text":"ti zdani","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d6.toml
index cdb6a4f2cb..c8fabf4c77 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d6.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥33) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"alis","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[10,12]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[19,21]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zdáni","span":[22,27]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"prénu","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la .alis. cu blanu je zdani prenu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:10":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la .alis. cu blanu je zdani prenu","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"prenu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la .alis. cu blanu je zdani 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d7.toml
index 2661b54a04..d875334363 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d7.toml
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥54) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d8.toml
index 78578f149d..8e6a379db5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d8.toml
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥39) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"teris","span":[4,9]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[11,13]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"rícfu","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[20,22]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"BoundTanruUnit":{"leading_unit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nákni","span":[23,28]}}}}}}},"bo_connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[29,31]}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[31,33]}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"fétsi","span":[34,39]}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"la .teris. cu ricfu je nakni jabo fetsi","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"la .teris. cu ricfu je nakni jabo 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"la .teris. cu ricfu je nakni jabo fetsi","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"la .teris. cu ricfu je nakni jabo 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d9.toml
index edbca4b15d..856bbb8c22 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.12/c14e12d9.toml
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥62) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"teris","span":[4,9]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[11,13]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[14,16]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"rícfu","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[23,25]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"píndi","span":[26,31]}}}}}}}}}]}}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[32,36]}}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[37,39]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[40,42]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nákni","span":[43,48]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[49,51]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"fétsi","span":[52,57]}}}}}}}}}]}}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[58,62]}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:28","content":"formula:27","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":62},"text":"la .teris. cu ke ricfu ja pindi ke'e je ke nakni ja fetsi ke'e","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"ricfu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":62},"text":"la .teris. cu ke ricfu ja pindi ke'e je ke nakni ja fetsi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d16.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d16.toml
index 96556cf9c0..656c1c4812 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d16.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d16.toml
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥19) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'i","span":[9,13]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bájra","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"ask","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"question:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"do cadzu gi'i bajra","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:17":{"type":"parameter","sort":"connective","role":"connectiveQuestion","introducedBy":"gi'i","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":13},"text":"gi'i","construct":"parameter"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"cadzu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"do","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"bajra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":2},"text":"do","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"bajra","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"cadzu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"bajra","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"connectiveQuestion","children":["formula:10","formula:16"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gi'i"},"locus":"predicatePhrase","parameter":"parameter:17"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"do cadzu gi'i bajra","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"question:19":{"type":"question","body":"formula:18","kind":"connective","mode":"direct","asker":"entity:1","respondent":"entity:2","domain":"connective","slots":[{"parameter":"parameter:17","role":"answer"}],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"do cadzu gi'i bajra","construct":"question"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:17"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":8},"text":"cadzu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"bajra","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:20":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":19},"text":"do cadzu gi'i bajra","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d7.toml
index e4df524394..b91004d68f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d7.toml
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ Text @[0‥33) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[3,5]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"faĭdon","span":[6,12]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'o","span":[20,24]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[24,27]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mlátu","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"xu","span":[0,2]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"ask","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"question:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"gerku","construct":"predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"mlatu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":28,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"gerku","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":28,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mlatu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"iff","children":["formula:10","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":"gi'o nai","locus":"bridiTail","truthTable":"FTTF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"question:17":{"type":"question","body":"formula:16","kind":"truth","mode":"direct","asker":"entity:1","respondent":"entity:2","domain":"truthValue","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"question"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"faidon"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"gerku","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":28,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"ask","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"question:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"gerku","construct":"predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"mlatu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":28,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"gerku","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":28,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mlatu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"iff","children":["formula:10","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gi'o nai"},"locus":"predicatePhrase","truthTable":"FTTF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"question:17":{"type":"question","body":"formula:16","kind":"truth","mode":"direct","asker":"entity:1","respondent":"entity:2","domain":"truthValue","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"question"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"faidon"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":13},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":14,"byteEnd":19},"text":"gerku","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":28,"byteEnd":33},"text":"mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":33},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'onai mlatu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d8.toml
index db53065d84..3b66502220 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.13/c14e13d8.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥27) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"faĭdon","span":[3,9]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'i","span":[17,21]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"mlátu","span":[22,27]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"ask","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"question:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'i mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:15":{"type":"parameter","sort":"connective","role":"connectiveQuestion","introducedBy":"gi'i","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":21},"text":"gi'i","construct":"parameter"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":10},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":11,"byteEnd":16},"text":"gerku","construct":"predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"mlatu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":10},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":11,"byteEnd":16},"text":"gerku","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mlatu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"connectiveQuestion","children":["formula:10","formula:14"],"connector":{"source":"gi'i","locus":"bridiTail","parameter":"parameter:15"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'i mlatu","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"question:17":{"type":"question","body":"formula:16","kind":"connective","mode":"direct","asker":"entity:1","respondent":"entity:2","domain":"connective","slots":[{"parameter":"parameter:15","role":"answer"}],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'i mlatu","construct":"question"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:15"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"faidon"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":10},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:15"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:15"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":11,"byteEnd":16},"text":"gerku","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'i mlatu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"ask","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"question:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'i mlatu","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:15":{"type":"parameter","sort":"connective","role":"connectiveQuestion","introducedBy":"gi'i","source":{"span":{"byteStart":17,"byteEnd":21},"text":"gi'i","construct":"parameter"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"gerku","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":10},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":11,"byteEnd":16},"text":"gerku","construct":"predication"}},"predication:13":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"mlatu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":10},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"shared-head-term"}},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:12","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":11,"byteEnd":16},"text":"gerku","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:13","boundEventualities":["eventuality:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mlatu","construct":"bridi-tail-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"connectiveQuestion","children":["formula:10","formula:14"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gi'i"},"locus":"predicatePhrase","parameter":"parameter:15"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'i mlatu","construct":"compound-bridi-formula"}},"question:17":{"type":"question","body":"formula:16","kind":"connective","mode":"direct","asker":"entity:1","respondent":"entity:2","domain":"connective","slots":[{"parameter":"parameter:15","role":"answer"}],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'i mlatu","construct":"question"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:15"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"faidon"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":10},"text":"la faidon.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:15"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"underspecified","mayDependOn":["parameter:15"]},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":11,"byteEnd":16},"text":"gerku","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":22,"byteEnd":27},"text":"mlatu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":27},"text":"la faidon. gerku gi'i mlatu","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d10.toml
index 4246bf7f0e..d252c3046f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d10.toml
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[3,10]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"jo'u","span":[12,16]}}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[17,19]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[20,26]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[28,30]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"OrdinalTanruUnit":{"number":{"NumberWords":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[31,33]}}}}}},"moi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"meĭ","span":[33,36]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"brúna","span":[37,42]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"la djeimyz. jo'u la djordj. cu remei bruna","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"la djeimyz. jo'u la djordj. cu remei bruna","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"bruna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"la djeimyz. 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"la djeimyz. jo'u la djordj. cu remei bruna","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"la djeimyz. jo'u la djordj. cu remei bruna","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"bruna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"la djeimyz. 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d11.toml
index b8a658b0cb..7e4eeca0c3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d11.toml
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥41) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[3,10]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"joĭ","span":[12,15]}}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[16,18]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[19,25]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[27,29]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"brúna","span":[30,35]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"OrdinalTanruUnit":{"number":{"NumberWords":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[36,38]}}}}}},"moi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"meĭ","span":[38,41]}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. joi la djordj. cu bruna remei","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. joi la djordj. cu bruna remei","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"re mei","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. joi 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. joi la djordj. cu bruna remei","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:14":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. joi la djordj. cu bruna remei","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"re mei","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:11","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. joi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d13.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d13.toml
index 447d3f1219..6f39fbd039 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d13.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d13.toml
@@ -95,4 +95,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥54) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[3,10]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[13,14]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[15,17]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[18,24]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"prámi","span":[26,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[32,34]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"meris","span":[35,40]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[43,44]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[45,47]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"martas","span":[48,54]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d14.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d14.toml
index 25551b5b4f..8fba8e0732 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d14.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d14.toml
@@ -159,4 +159,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥125) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d15.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d15.toml
index 24118abeab..bc9c7ee30f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d15.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d15.toml
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥67) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"PeheTermsetConnection":{"leading_term":{"SimpleTerm":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[3,10]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"CeheConnective":{"cehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ce'e","span":[12,16]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[17,19]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"meris","span":[20,25]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}},"continuations":[{"pehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pe'e","span":[27,31]}}}},"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[32,34]}}}}}},"trailing_term":{"SimpleTerm":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[35,37]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[38,44]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"CeheConnective":{"cehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ce'e","span":[46,50]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[51,53]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"martas","span":[54,60]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}]}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"prámi","span":[62,67]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d5.toml
index 75d1d2813c..7f1e39ea8e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d5.toml
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥24) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ti","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"blánu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"joĭ","span":[9,12]}}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"xúnre","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}}}]},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bólci","span":[19,24]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":24},"text":"ti blanu joi xunre bolci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":24},"text":"ti blanu joi xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:16":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":24},"text":"ti blanu joi xunre 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":24},"text":"ti blanu joi xunre bolci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:11":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":24},"text":"ti blanu joi xunre bolci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:16":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":24},"text":"ti blanu joi xunre 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d9.toml
index 10ccc643ab..3c73fbe123 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.14/c14e14d9.toml
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥31) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[3,10]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[13,14]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[15,17]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[18,24]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"brúna","span":[26,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"bruna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:15","relation":"bruna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:9"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":"e","locus":"sumti","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"sumti-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djordj"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":15,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la djordj.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:10":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:9","relation":"bruna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:15","relation":"bruna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:12"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:13","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"formula:11":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:10","boundEventualities":["eventuality:9"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:15"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:11","formula:17"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"e"},"locus":"argument","truthTable":"TFFF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"sumti-connection-formula"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:6":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:12":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djordj"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":15,"byteEnd":25},"text":"la djordj.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:9":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"distributed-predication"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz. .e la djordj. bruna","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d10.toml
index 5ffe59fd5f..77cc41f071 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d10.toml
@@ -136,4 +136,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥99) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d3.toml
index 56b062d2d1..7e08bce2d3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d3.toml
@@ -60,4 +60,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"lo'i","span":[0,4]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"rícfu","span":[5,10]}}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[11,13]}}}}}},"trailing_unit":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"dótco","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[20,22]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bárda","span":[23,28]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d4.toml
index 594eb752fb..b08645eb5e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d4.toml
@@ -60,4 +60,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d5.toml
index bfb884145c..a63027fad0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d5.toml
@@ -117,4 +117,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥76) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d6.toml
index 45b98f0ff1..baf91054a1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d6.toml
@@ -105,4 +105,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥57) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}},"bound_tail":{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"joĭ","span":[3,6]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[6,8]}}}},"trailing_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[9,11]}}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ce","span":[12,14]}}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[15,17]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[18,22]}}}}]}}}}},"bound_tail":{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"joĭ","span":[24,27]}}}}}}},"bo":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bo","span":[27,29]}}}},"trailing_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[30,32]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭn","span":[33,38]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[40,42]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gúnma","span":[43,48]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"conversions":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"se","span":[49,51]}}}}],"base":{"OrdinalTanruUnit":{"number":{"NumberWords":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[52,54]}}}}}},"moi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"meĭ","span":[54,57]}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":57},"text":"mi joibo do ce la djan. joibo la djein. cu gunma se remei","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:16":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":57},"text":"mi joibo do ce la djan. joibo la djein. cu gunma se remei","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"re 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":57},"text":"mi joibo do ce la djan. joibo la djein. cu gunma se remei","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:16":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":57},"text":"mi joibo do ce la djan. joibo la djein. cu gunma se remei","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"re 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d9.toml
index 3f60d0a2df..604db0e202 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.15/c14e15d9.toml
@@ -119,4 +119,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥87) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[4,8]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"fa'u","span":[10,14]}}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[15,17]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"frank","span":[19,24]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cúsku","span":[26,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"ForethoughtTermset":{"m_nuhi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"nu'i","span":[32,36]}}}},"gek":{"JoikJekGiForethoughtConnective":{"connective":{"JoiConnective":{"joi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"fa'u","span":[37,41]}}}}}},"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[41,43]}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"baŭ","span":[44,47]}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[48,50]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"lojban","span":[52,58]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"nuhu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"nu'u","span":[60,64]}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[65,67]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"baĭ","span":[68,71]}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LaheSumti":{"lahe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"tu'a","span":[72,76]}}}},"inner_sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[77,79]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djordj","span":[81,87]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.16/c14e16d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.16/c14e16d9.toml
index b36b7e21a0..ebb062f2ad 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.16/c14e16d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.16/c14e16d9.toml
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥50) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"dícra","span":[3,8]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e'a","span":[10,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[14,16]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ca","span":[17,19]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[20,22]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"daŭcac","span":[24,30]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"JoikConnective":{"SimpleIntervalConnective":{"bihi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"bi'o","span":[32,36]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[36,39]}}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[40,42]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"gaĭcac","span":[44,50]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:13","content":"formula:12","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:14"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":51},"text":"do dicra .e'a mi ca la .daucac. bi'onai la .gaicac.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:11":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"dicra","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":51},"text":"do dicra .e'a mi ca la .daucac. bi'onai la .gaicac.","construct":"predication"}},"formula:12":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:11","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":51},"text":"do dicra .e'a mi ca la .daucac. bi'onai la .gaicac.","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:14":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"permission","family":"propositionalAttitude","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"hostSubordinated","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:12","targetFocus":"predicate","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":10,"byteEnd":13},"text":"e'a","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"daucac"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la .daucac.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"gaicac"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":40,"byteEnd":51},"text":"la .gaicac.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:9":{"type":"referent","category":"composite","sort":"entity","composition":{"operator":"orderedInterval","members":["entity:7","entity:8"],"complement":true},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":51},"text":"la .daucac. bi'onai la .gaicac.","construct":"connected-sumti"}},"entity:10":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","time":{"relation":"at","anchor":"entity:9"},"sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":51},"text":"do dicra .e'a mi ca la .daucac. bi'onai la .gaicac.","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":51},"text":"do dicra .e'a mi ca la .daucac. bi'onai la .gaicac.","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d1.toml
index 698e17fa4c..8fb0623ff9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d1.toml
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥36) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"vei ci .a vo prenu cu klama le 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"vei ci .a vo prenu cu klama le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d2.toml
index cd744b103d..6822b20c4d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d2.toml
@@ -76,4 +76,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥39) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithoutGadriSumti":{"quantifier":{"MeksoQuantifier":{"vei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"veĭ","span":[0,3]}}}},"mekso":{"InfixMekso":{"first_expression":{"left_expression":{"MeksoOperand":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"ForethoughtMeksoOperand":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ga","span":[4,6]}}}}}},"left_expression":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"NumberMekso":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ci","span":[7,9]}}}}}}}}}},"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[10,12]}}}}},"right_expression":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"NumberMekso":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"vo","span":[13,15]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"prénu","span":[16,21]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[22,24]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[25,30]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[31,33]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[34,39]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:29","content":"formula:28","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":39},"text":"vei ga ci gi vo prenu cu klama le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d3.toml
index 307dd411ec..b81fede70e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d3.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥30) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NumberSumti":{"li":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"li","span":[0,2]}}}},"expression":{"InfixMekso":{"first_expression":{"left_expression":{"MeksoOperand":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"NumberMekso":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[3,5]}}}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"operator":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperator":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperator":{"PrimitiveMeksoOperator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"su'i","span":[6,10]}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"je","span":[11,13]}}}}}},"trailing_operator":{"SimpleMeksoOperator":{"PrimitiveMeksoOperator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pi'i","span":[14,18]}}}}}}}]}},"right_expression":{"left_expression":{"MeksoOperand":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"NumberMekso":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[19,21]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GohaWordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"du","span":[22,24]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NumberSumti":{"li":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"li","span":[25,27]}}}},"expression":{"InfixMekso":{"first_expression":{"left_expression":{"MeksoOperand":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"NumberMekso":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"vo","span":[28,30]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"li re su'i je pi'i re du li vo","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"identity","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"number:12"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"number:7"}},"mode":"definitional","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"li re su'i je pi'i 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":30},"text":"li re su'i je pi'i re du li vo","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"identity","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"number:12"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"number:7"}},"mode":"definitional","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":21},"text":"li re su'i je pi'i 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d4.toml
index 99e1e18ddd..3cb372650e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.17/c14e17d4.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥35) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NumberSumti":{"li":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"li","span":[0,2]}}}},"expression":{"InfixMekso":{"first_expression":{"left_expression":{"MeksoOperand":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"NumberMekso":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[3,5]}}}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"operator":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperator":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperator":{"ForethoughtMeksoOperator":{"guhek":{"guha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gu'e","span":[6,10]}}}}},"left_operator":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperator":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperator":{"PrimitiveMeksoOperator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"su'i","span":[11,15]}}}}}}}},"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[16,18]}}}}},"right_operator":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperator":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperator":{"PrimitiveMeksoOperator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pi'i","span":[19,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}},"right_expression":{"left_expression":{"MeksoOperand":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"NumberMekso":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[24,26]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GohaWordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"du","span":[27,29]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NumberSumti":{"li":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"li","span":[30,32]}}}},"expression":{"InfixMekso":{"first_expression":{"left_expression":{"MeksoOperand":{"AfterthoughtMeksoOperand":{"first":{"SimpleMeksoOperand":{"NumberMekso":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"vo","span":[33,35]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":35},"text":"li re gu'e su'i gi pi'i re du li vo","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"identity","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"number:12"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"number:7"}},"mode":"definitional","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":26},"text":"li re gu'e su'i gi pi'i 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d1.toml
index d3751c505a..54a4549d47 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d1.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥37) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d10.toml
index 8ba22976e6..20b314ae11 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d10.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥39) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d11.toml
index 09a71abbe5..5c43e9dd68 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d11.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥39) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d2.toml
index 4afd662d26..034ad78039 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d2.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥37) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d3.toml
index 603a2ddba0..9aaf03b09d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d3.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥37) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:18","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:11":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:18":{"type":"sequence","content":"formula:17","items":["utterance:5","utterance:11"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djan. nanmu .ijo la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"iff","children":["formula:9","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"jo"},"locus":"statement","truthTable":"TFFT"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djan. nanmu .ijo la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d4.toml
index d6b98c51e1..46c5c8a6be 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d4.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥37) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d5.toml
index f2e6bc1c09..6d893c8ee7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d5.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥39) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d6.toml
index 106eb73bb0..695c8e5c60 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d6.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥40) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d8.toml
index be0338f214..358be54393 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d8.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥40) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d9.toml
index 34bb74510f..2a0b53a897 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.4/c14e4d9.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥40) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d10.toml
index aac433a6e3..293c21260d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d10.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥41) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"ge la djan. nanmu ginai la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:13"]},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:14"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ge gi nai"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"FTFF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"ge la djan. nanmu ginai la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d11.toml
index 220fb1b91a..4889366b70 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d11.toml
@@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥44) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":44},"text":"ganai la djan. nanmu ginai la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":27,"byteEnd":44},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":27,"byteEnd":44},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:9"]},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:13"]},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:14","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ga nai gi nai"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"FTTT"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":27,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":27,"byteEnd":44},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":44},"text":"ganai la djan. nanmu ginai la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d2.toml
index b518e11e3f..b1b8a79a53 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d2.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥37) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"IStatementConnection":{"leading_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[3,7]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánmu","span":[9,14]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"continuations":[{"SimpleIConnectiveStatementTail":{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[16,17]}}}},"connective":{"IStandardStatementConnective":{"connective":{"JekConnective":{"ja":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ja","span":[17,19]}}}}}}}},"trailing_statement":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[20,22]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[23,30]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nínmu","span":[32,37]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:18","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:11":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:18":{"type":"sequence","content":"formula:17","items":["utterance:5","utterance:11"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djan. nanmu .ija la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:9","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":"ja","locus":"statement","truthTable":"TTTF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djan. nanmu .ija la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:18","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:11":{"type":"utterance","force":"subordinated","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:18":{"type":"sequence","content":"formula:17","items":["utterance:5","utterance:11"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djan. nanmu .ija la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"statement-connection"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:9","formula:15"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ja"},"locus":"statement","truthTable":"TTTF"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djan. nanmu .ija la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"statement-connection"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":31},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":20,"byteEnd":37},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d3.toml
index 58deab8c69..c515029374 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d3.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥38) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ga","span":[0,2]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[3,5]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[6,10]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánmu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[18,20]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[21,23]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[24,31]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nínmu","span":[33,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ga la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":"ga gi","locus":"bridi","truthTable":"TTTF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ga la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ga la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"or","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ga gi"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"TTTF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ga la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d4.toml
index 400360e45e..ced8dbe5b6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d4.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥38) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ge","span":[0,2]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[3,5]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[6,10]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánmu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[18,20]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[21,23]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[24,31]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nínmu","span":[33,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ge la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":"ge gi","locus":"bridi","truthTable":"TFFF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ge la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ge la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"and","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"ge gi"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"TFFF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"ge la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d5.toml
index 44e6523dc2..82c543dc95 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d5.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥38) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gu","span":[0,2]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[3,5]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[6,10]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánmu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[18,20]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[21,23]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[24,31]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nínmu","span":[33,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"gu la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"whetherOrNot","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":"gu gi","locus":"bridi","truthTable":"TTFF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"gu la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:15","content":"formula:14","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"gu la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"whetherOrNot","children":["formula:9","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"gu gi"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"TTFF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":32},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":21,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:15":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"gu la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d6.toml
index 6cbe7f5c86..569dade244 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d6.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥41) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ga","span":[0,2]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[2,5]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[6,8]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[9,13]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánmu","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[21,23]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[24,26]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[27,34]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nínmu","span":[36,41]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d7.toml
index 82b923af1b..5c7a5ac519 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d7.toml
@@ -116,4 +116,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥59) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d8.toml
index 907afadd2f..66e0b26cb8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d8.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥41) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"go","span":[0,2]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[2,5]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[6,8]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[9,13]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánmu","span":[15,20]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[21,23]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[24,26]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[27,34]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nínmu","span":[36,41]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"gonai la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:9"]},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"iff","children":["formula:14","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":"go nai gi","locus":"bridi","truthTable":"FTTF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"gonai la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"gonai la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:9"]},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"iff","children":["formula:14","formula:13"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"go nai gi"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"FTTF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":14},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":6,"byteEnd":20},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"gonai la djan. nanmu gi la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d9.toml
index 07a2ca2d3c..283820057d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.5/c14e5d9.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥41) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"go","span":[0,2]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[3,5]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[6,10]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nánmu","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[18,20]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[20,23]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[24,26]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭmyz","span":[27,34]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nínmu","span":[36,41]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"go la djan. nanmu ginai la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:13"]},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"iff","children":["formula:9","formula:14"],"connector":{"source":"go gi nai","locus":"bridi","truthTable":"FTTF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"go la djan. nanmu ginai la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"go la djan. nanmu ginai la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"nanmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:10","relation":"ninmu","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:11"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:13":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:12","boundEventualities":["eventuality:10"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:14":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:13"]},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"iff","children":["formula:9","formula:14"],"connector":{"source":{"kind":"surfaceWord","word":"go gi nai"},"locus":"clause","truthTable":"FTTF"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djan"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":11},"text":"la djan.","construct":"sumti"}},"entity:11":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"name","word":"la","speaker":"entity:1","name":"djeimyz"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":35},"text":"la djeimyz.","construct":"sumti"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":3,"byteEnd":17},"text":"la djan. nanmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":24,"byteEnd":41},"text":"la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"go la djan. nanmu ginai la djeimyz. ninmu","construct":"bridi"}}}}'
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d1.toml
index 3655242769..e0d2e76697 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d1.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥54) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d2.toml
index 598aed11d0..27a1b823b3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d2.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d4.toml
index 9e5f7f09e9..4afe09386f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d4.toml
@@ -80,4 +80,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥36) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d5.toml
index 751caf333e..296d9aabce 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d5.toml
@@ -80,4 +80,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥40) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:30","content":"formula:29","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":40},"text":"ga la .djan. gi la .alis. klama le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d6.toml
index 8864af17b7..328088e83b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.6/c14e6d6.toml
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[3,7]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[9,11]}}}},"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"a","span":[12,13]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[14,16]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"alis","span":[18,22]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[24,29]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[30,32]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[33,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:31","content":"formula:30","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"la djan. na.a la .alis. klama le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d1.toml
index 957e4b4b37..bb536a6d89 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d1.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥36) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d2.toml
index 4c8cf9533d..e3bf612e33 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d2.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥36) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d3.toml
index 7101b35493..685c73b785 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d3.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥36) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d4.toml
index 115e4f1069..9a400cb9f5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d4.toml
@@ -109,4 +109,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥68) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d7.toml
index 7a9777908a..c476bc1d74 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d7.toml
@@ -113,4 +113,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥67) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d8.toml
index e72046ef1e..98a730bf29 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.7/c14e7d8.toml
@@ -113,4 +113,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥67) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d1.toml
index 1b5c4c76fb..a7c49b6e40 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d1.toml
@@ -113,4 +113,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥70) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d10.toml
index 7b252e2977..1905db3035 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d10.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥65) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d2.toml
index 750ea17c34..917207307b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d2.toml
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥48) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d3.toml
index 473755abf5..358fae02f0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d3.toml
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥50) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = '{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:20","content":"formula:19","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":51},"text":"mi nelci la .djan. .ebo la .martas. .abo la .meris.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"nelci","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":51},"text":"mi nelci la .djan. .ebo la .martas. .abo la 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d5.toml
index b4d5aa6352..023ea3406c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d5.toml
@@ -119,4 +119,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥67) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d6.toml
index d42b6c8e53..882e1e44ff 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d6.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d7.toml
index 21e2c45bf0..15806dff21 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d7.toml
@@ -119,4 +119,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥70) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d9.toml
index 8f4951b4a6..d18b758bf9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.8/c14e8d9.toml
@@ -109,4 +109,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥57) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d1.toml
index de6482242d..a2e0b4e2a0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d1.toml
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥40) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d10.toml
index 2f5dd738b9..345754b4eb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d10.toml
@@ -85,4 +85,4 @@ AfterthoughtBridiTail @[0‥62) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d11.toml
index 800b274809..88d3c20359 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d11.toml
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥65) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"da","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[9,11]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"nu,ĭórk","span":[13,20]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[22,24]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"finyks","span":[26,32]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'e","span":[34,38]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[39,44]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[45,47]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"nu,ĭórk","span":[49,56]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[58,60]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"rom","span":[62,65]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:23","content":"formula:22","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":66},"text":"da klama la .nu,IORK. la .finyks. gi'e klama la .nu,IORK. la 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d2.toml
index 17c98b2a2d..0c087eaaa5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d2.toml
@@ -76,4 +76,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥37) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[9,11]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'e","span":[18,22]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[23,28]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[29,31]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[33,37]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d3.toml
index 2fab3abd9c..0607634943 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d3.toml
@@ -64,4 +64,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d4.toml
index 577e8dc343..04cccd64e4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d4.toml
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥46) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d5.toml
index 8064b5b680..7a67194f1a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d5.toml
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥46) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d6.toml
index b4de07d141..fe49babd5a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d6.toml
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥44) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d8.toml
index ff8eac5471..3de1f40ed1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d8.toml
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥50) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[9,11]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[12,17]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"vau":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"vaŭ","span":[18,21]}}}}}}},"links":[{"connective":{"GihekConnective":{"giha":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi'e","span":[22,26]}}}}}},"bridi_tail":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"nélci","span":[27,32]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[33,35]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[37,41]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"vau":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"vaŭ","span":[43,46]}}}}}}},"vau":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"vaŭ","span":[47,50]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d9.toml
index 3163bde6dd..cca484b141 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-14/section-14.9/c14e9d9.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ AfterthoughtBridiTail @[0‥35) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.10/c15e10d16.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.10/c15e10d16.toml
index 2dc4203477..8fdc60c64c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.10/c15e10d16.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.10/c15e10d16.toml
@@ -45,4 +45,4 @@ Text @[0‥9) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GohaWordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"go'i","span":[5,9]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na'i","span":[0,4]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"go'i","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"metalinguisticNegation","family":"metalinguistic","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"metalinguisticallyVoided","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"na'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"go'i","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"metalinguisticNegation","family":"metalinguistic","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"metalinguisticallyVoided","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":4},"text":"na'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.10/c15e10d17.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.10/c15e10d17.toml
index 09e1470a4d..6d99740612 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.10/c15e10d17.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.10/c15e10d17.toml
@@ -43,4 +43,4 @@ WithIndicator @[0‥9) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GohaWordTanruUnit":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"go'i","span":[0,4]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na'i","span":[5,9]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"go'i","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"metalinguisticNegation","family":"metalinguistic","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"metalinguisticallyVoided","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"selbri","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"na'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:10","content":"formula:9","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:11"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"go'i","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"inert","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"formula:9":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:8","boundEventualities":["eventuality:6"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:11":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"metalinguisticNegation","family":"metalinguistic","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"metalinguisticallyVoided","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:9","targetFocus":"predicate","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":5,"byteEnd":9},"text":"na'i","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:7":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:6":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:10":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":9},"text":"go'i na'i","construct":"bridi"}}}}"""
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.11/c15e11d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.11/c15e11d1.toml
index 2769d5045d..df422a8e3f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.11/c15e11d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.11/c15e11d1.toml
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥37) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d11.toml
index 89bfcd2823..33eee91fc0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d11.toml
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥32) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d12.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d12.toml
index e82a0f566a..16410fda8d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d12.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d12.toml
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥26) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d7.toml
index 33b4ae1b7d..3679ab970b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.2/c15e2d7.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥29) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d10.toml
index 57213e4c89..d64912d43d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d10.toml
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥38) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"ScalarNegatedTanruUnit":{"nahe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na'e","span":[3,7]}}}},"inner_unit":{"TanruUnitAtom":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[8,10]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sútra","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[23,27]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[28,30]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{"tail_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[30,32]}}}}}},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bírka","span":[33,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:30","content":"formula:27","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"mi na'e ke sutra cadzu ke'e lemi birka","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:7":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":33,"byteEnd":38},"text":"birka","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":38},"text":"mi na'e ke sutra cadzu ke'e lemi 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d11.toml
index 85710af502..80ea81ba0d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d11.toml
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥41) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"ScalarNegatedTanruUnit":{"nahe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na'e","span":[3,7]}}}},"inner_unit":{"TanruUnitAtom":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[8,10]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sútra","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[17,22]}}}}}},"linkargs":{"be":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"be","span":[23,25]}}}},"first_link":{"PlainLinkedSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[26,28]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{"tail_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[28,30]}}}}}},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bírka","span":[31,36]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[37,41]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:30","content":"formula:27","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"mi na'e ke sutra cadzu be lemi birka ke'e","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:7":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":31,"byteEnd":36},"text":"birka","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:20":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"mi na'e ke sutra cadzu be lemi birka 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d4.toml
index be0fdc5b01..678ef1ee6b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d4.toml
@@ -64,4 +64,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥23) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d5.toml
index 0322ce20cd..985216eefd 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d5.toml
@@ -68,4 +68,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d6.toml
index 6f5c69d549..6635703a02 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d6.toml
@@ -68,4 +68,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[3,8]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"ScalarNegatedTanruUnit":{"nahe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na'e","span":[9,13]}}}},"inner_unit":{"TanruUnitAtom":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[20,22]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[23,28]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d7.toml
index 6f9ece868d..2d79d97ae0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d7.toml
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥36) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"ScalarNegatedTanruUnit":{"nahe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na'e","span":[3,7]}}}},"inner_unit":{"TanruUnitAtom":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[8,10]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[23,27]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[28,30]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[31,36]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:32","content":"formula:29","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi na'e ke cadzu klama ke'e le zarci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:7":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":31,"byteEnd":36},"text":"zarci","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:21":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi na'e ke cadzu klama ke'e le 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:32","content":"formula:29","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi na'e ke cadzu klama ke'e le zarci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:7":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":31,"byteEnd":36},"text":"zarci","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:21":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":36},"text":"mi na'e ke cadzu klama ke'e le 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d8.toml
index f2b2cedb98..a2a0046d34 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d8.toml
@@ -80,4 +80,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"ScalarNegatedTanruUnit":{"nahe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na'e","span":[3,7]}}}},"inner_unit":{"TanruUnitAtom":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[8,10]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"sútra","span":[11,16]}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cádzu","span":[17,22]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[23,27]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}]}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[34,36]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[37,42]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:41","content":"formula:40","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"mi na'e ke sutra cadzu ke'e klama le zarci","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:7":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":37,"byteEnd":42},"text":"zarci","construct":"speaker-description-property"}},"parameter:21":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"mi na'e ke sutra cadzu ke'e klama le zarci","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"parameter:27":{"type":"parameter","sort":"entity","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":42},"text":"mi na'e ke 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d9.toml
index 1300cc0bcc..115de77ca5 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.4/c15e4d9.toml
@@ -96,4 +96,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥57) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.5/c15e5d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.5/c15e5d3.toml
index e905729681..dc0ba952aa 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.5/c15e5d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.5/c15e5d3.toml
@@ -64,4 +64,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥28) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d1.toml
index 8391c4e1e9..e17c7b55d0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d1.toml
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ Text @[0‥40) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d3.toml
index 571d253e5a..685a973feb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d3.toml
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥43) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d5.toml
index a8dbce1d82..cb47de94c9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d5.toml
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥43) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d7.toml
index 6e88c340e7..00f96c3e4c 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d7.toml
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥43) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[3,7]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[9,11]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"TaggedSelbri":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ba","span":[12,14]}}}}}]}}}}}}}},"inner_selbri":{"NegatedSelbri":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[15,17]}}}},"inner_selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[18,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[24,26]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"paris","span":[27,32]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[35,36]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[37,39]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"rom","span":[40,43]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:25","content":"formula:24","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":44},"text":"la djan. cu ba na klama la paris. .e la rom.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":44},"text":"la djan. cu ba na klama la paris. .e la 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d9.toml
index efc818d9ed..3007559a8d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.8/c15e8d9.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥52) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[3,7]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"cu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cu","span":[9,11]}}}},"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"TaggedSelbri":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu","span":[12,14]}}}}}]}}}}}}}},"inner_selbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"ScalarNegatedTanruUnit":{"nahe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na'e","span":[15,19]}}}},"inner_unit":{"TanruUnitAtom":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[19,21]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[22,27]}}}}}}}}}}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[28,32]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[33,35]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"paris","span":[36,41]}}}}]}}}}}},"continuations":[{"connective":{"EkConnective":{"a":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"e","span":[44,45]}}}}}},"sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[46,48]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"rom","span":[49,52]}}}}]}}}}}}}]}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.9/c15e9d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.9/c15e9d2.toml
index 122ec7161d..ff19fd4f48 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.9/c15e9d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-15/section-15.9/c15e9d2.toml
@@ -97,4 +97,4 @@ Text @[0‥46) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d1.toml
index 6dcf44d568..5725a6004e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d1.toml
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥17) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d2.toml
index 4f9be6efde..3b402b35c4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d2.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥28) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d3.toml
index ba981fc4b2..1b861fd33e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d3.toml
@@ -69,4 +69,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥22) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d4.toml
index debfabe77a..6d60b1eb6b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d4.toml
@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥35) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d5.toml
index 43c8e10843..05d5ef28b1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d5.toml
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@ PrenexStatement @[0‥43) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d6.toml
index 8995c2e4ca..7a1ab7871d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.10/c16e10d6.toml
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@ PrenexStatement @[0‥45) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d1.toml
index edd963437c..0123cd314d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d1.toml
@@ -85,4 +85,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥40) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d10.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d10.toml
index 576962ee7e..16983060ec 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d10.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d10.toml
@@ -93,4 +93,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥45) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d11.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d11.toml
index 879ae4af90..38f0d78ebf 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d11.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d11.toml
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥42) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djan","span":[3,7]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"NaKuTerm":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[9,11]}}}},"na_ku":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[11,13]}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"ForethoughtSumti":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ge","span":[20,22]}}}}}},"leading_sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[23,25]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"paris","span":[26,31]}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[33,35]}}}}},"sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[36,38]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"rom","span":[39,42]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d2.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d2.toml
index 9a10e3efc1..cdb4813214 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d2.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d2.toml
@@ -93,4 +93,4 @@ PrenexStatement @[0‥47) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:22","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":10,"byteEnd":48},"text":"la djan. klama ga la paris. gi la rom.","construct":"bridi"}},"predication:12":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:11","relation":"klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:6"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:7"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:8","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x4":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:9","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x5":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:10","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":10,"byteEnd":48},"text":"la djan. klama ga la paris. gi la 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d3.toml
index 648c7584a0..a746a962c9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d3.toml
@@ -99,4 +99,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥59) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d4.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d4.toml
index 00042602e5..5f31f1802e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d4.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d4.toml
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥43) {
 json = '{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[0,2]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"djeĭn","span":[3,8]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"DescriptorWithGadriSumti":{"description":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"le","span":[10,12]}}}},"tail":{"leading_tail_elements":{},"tail":{"RelationDescriptionTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"zárci","span":[13,18]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"ForethoughtSimpleBridiTail":{"NegatedForethoughtBridiConnection":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[19,21]}}}},"inner":{"DirectForethoughtBridiConnection":{"gek":{"GaForethoughtConnective":{"ga":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ge","span":[22,24]}}}}}},"first":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"dzú"},{"Rafsi":"kla"}],"span":[25,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"first_branch":{"gik":{"gi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"gi","span":[32,34]}}}}},"branch":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Lujvo":{"parts":[{"Rafsi":"bájr"},{"Hyphen":"y"},{"Rafsi":"kla"}],"span":[35,43]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}'
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d5.toml
index 5d1e48a8b8..0afd92f5c9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d5.toml
@@ -80,4 +80,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥46) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d6.toml
index f3d1bbbd7b..38ba26506d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d6.toml
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@ PrenexStatement @[0‥50) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d7.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d7.toml
index 957e6f8dac..001f40e940 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d7.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d7.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d8.toml
index 6d0a0e1ffc..2e1e4839f9 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d8.toml
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥65) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d9.toml
index 284121c51e..f7906d9955 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.12/c16e12d9.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.14/c16e14d1.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.14/c16e14d1.toml
index dd2a06759a..5c9cb83337 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.14/c16e14d1.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.14/c16e14d1.toml
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ StatementConnection @[0‥44) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d3.toml
index a9edbcd5d3..11c506bbc7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d3.toml
@@ -93,4 +93,4 @@ PrenexStatement @[0‥49) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d5.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d5.toml
index db1d430302..533421128e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d5.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d5.toml
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥36) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d6.toml
index 701b60e085..2a36911eee 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d6.toml
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ PrenexStatement @[0‥44) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d8.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d8.toml
index c6a53789d8..24624261d8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d8.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d8.toml
@@ -104,4 +104,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥63) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d9.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d9.toml
index 4457c08cc2..1c4f7f85aa 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d9.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-16/section-16.8/c16e8d9.toml
@@ -102,4 +102,4 @@ PrenexStatement @[0‥59) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-18/section-18.17/c18e17d3.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-18/section-18.17/c18e17d3.toml
index c9c4b4e034..fd0ad2a357 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-18/section-18.17/c18e17d3.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-18/section-18.17/c18e17d3.toml
@@ -98,4 +98,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥54) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-18/section-18.17/c18e17d6.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-18/section-18.17/c18e17d6.toml
index 6e42ae19cb..7e6b55ee7a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-18/section-18.17/c18e17d6.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chapter-18/section-18.17/c18e17d6.toml
@@ -263,4 +263,4 @@ DirectForethoughtBridiConnection @[0‥224) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/alice01.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/alice01.toml
index cc97a55ecf..2f989b6019 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/alice01.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/alice01.toml
@@ -11463,4 +11463,4 @@ json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextNihoParagraphs":[{"niho":[{"Plain":
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
 status = "success"
-json = { sha256 = "ae4356ddc1e579be14c13db04fb967851f8a481bc0d3398165a9e6032d9c675e" }
+json = { sha256 = "2f4ddee4db40faaa93b774775549bd6f6d422ecc7f03e18774162ae177ecbcdf" }
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/in-xanadu.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/in-xanadu.toml
index b68c4008a3..5080b59463 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/in-xanadu.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/in-xanadu.toml
@@ -424,4 +424,4 @@ ParagraphStatement @[1‥379) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/north-wind.toml b/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/north-wind.toml
index eb0de1b3c1..f1715cfaf1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/north-wind.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/cll/chrestomathy/north-wind.toml
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/corpus/alis/full-alice.toml b/tests/fixtures/corpus/alis/full-alice.toml
index a21e095704..e3d94d3aae 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/corpus/alis/full-alice.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/corpus/alis/full-alice.toml
@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ raw = { sha256 = "67c410800fa3115939676635c2ea4f49910e71cf5a89ae6c640097bf10bcd4
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
 status = "success"
 # The canonical JSON graph is about 14 MiB; keep this full-text fixture reviewable.
-json = { sha256 = "79fc8649c81b14d1d85f0e3ce3ab2585d882f97d79fd5c0a483bfd44776a4a6f" }
+json = { sha256 = "11374dac899b6e52c6c1a4698a9b2fc63c9597006cedaf9711b96cd2e3f8181d" }
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/10914.toml b/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/10914.toml
index 90aded4138..2ecfce3c50 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/10914.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/10914.toml
@@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ SelbriSimpleBridiTail @[0‥46) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/18927.toml b/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/18927.toml
index 025d2ee588..74f77dee81 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/18927.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/18927.toml
@@ -44,4 +44,4 @@ TanruSelbri @[0‥20) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/2323.toml b/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/2323.toml
index 3b2dccdbee..17621e05ed 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/2323.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/corpus/camxes/2323.toml
@@ -254,4 +254,4 @@ ParagraphStatement @[1‥202) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1011-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1011-canonical.toml
index 5dcff67af5..6c6a0b78f4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1011-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1011-canonical.toml
@@ -139,4 +139,4 @@ Text @[0‥83) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1042-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1042-canonical.toml
index 79350d8336..e4adccdf37 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1042-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1042-canonical.toml
@@ -108,4 +108,4 @@ Text @[0‥58) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[9,11]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[12,14]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"nu","span":[15,17]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithProperties":{"properties":[{"ZahoIntervalPropertyTense":{"zaho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mo'u","span":[18,22]}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"TaggedElidedSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[23,25]}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[26,30]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[31,33]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[34,39]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[40,43]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[45,46]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[47,49]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[50,52]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"lérci","span":[53,58]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ju'a","span":[0,4]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[5,8]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1068-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1068-canonical.toml
index 7cbc178389..ff400c4e33 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1068-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1068-canonical.toml
@@ -72,4 +72,4 @@ BridiWithLeadingTerms @[0‥47) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[0,2]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"GroupedTanruUnit":{"ke":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke","span":[3,5]}}}},"selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"poĭ'i","span":[6,11]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"ModalTense":{"bai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zu'e","span":[12,16]}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'a","span":[17,21]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[22,26]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bébna","span":[27,32]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[33,36]}}}}}}}}}},"additional_units":[{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"bébna","span":[37,42]}}}}}}}}}]}},"kehe":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'e","span":[43,47]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":47},"text":"mi ke poi'i zu'e ke'a zo'u bebna kei bebna ke'e","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:10":{"type":"parameter","sort":"abstractNature","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":47},"text":"mi ke poi'i zu'e ke'a zo'u bebna kei bebna ke'e","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"bebna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":47},"text":"mi ke poi'i zu'e ke'a zo'u bebna kei bebna 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+json = """{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"utterance:5","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:24","content":"formula:23","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":47},"text":"mi ke poi'i zu'e ke'a zo'u bebna kei bebna ke'e","construct":"bridi"}},"parameter:10":{"type":"parameter","sort":"abstractNature","role":"propertySlot","introducedBy":"ce'u","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":47},"text":"mi ke poi'i zu'e ke'a zo'u bebna kei bebna ke'e","construct":"tanru-formula"}},"predication:8":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:6","relation":"bebna","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:7","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":47},"text":"mi ke poi'i zu'e ke'a zo'u bebna kei bebna 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1142-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1142-canonical.toml
index aebf05250f..a77c933c7d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1142-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1142-canonical.toml
@@ -122,4 +122,4 @@ Text @[0‥72) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[9,11]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[12,14]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"du'u","span":[15,19]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ma","span":[20,22]}}}}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"SumtiAssociationRelativeClause":{"association_marker":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"goĭ","span":[23,26]}}}},"sumti":{"PlainRelativeSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ko'a","span":[27,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[32,36]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[37,39]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"jínvi","span":[40,45]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ko'a","span":[46,50]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[51,54]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[56,57]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[58,60]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"djúno","span":[61,66]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[67,69]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[70,72]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ju'a","span":[0,4]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[5,8]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:20","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":54},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u do jinvi ko'a kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":58,"byteEnd":72},"text":"mi djuno cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:20":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":72},"text":"ju'a nai cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u do jinvi ko'a kei\n.i mi djuno cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u jinvi","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":54},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u do jinvi ko'a kei","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1154-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1154-canonical.toml
index b20909f55e..7607881a6f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1154-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1154-canonical.toml
@@ -232,4 +232,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥172) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1182-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1182-canonical.toml
index 4328141e46..24646f71f7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1182-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1182-canonical.toml
@@ -144,4 +144,4 @@ Text @[0‥94) {
 json = 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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1184-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1184-canonical.toml
index d361727097..0cf12179a0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1184-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1184-canonical.toml
@@ -179,4 +179,4 @@ Text @[0‥118) {
 json = 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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1191-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1191-canonical.toml
index d76d32ac1c..b60a3069c0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1191-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1191-canonical.toml
@@ -136,4 +136,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥88) {
 json = 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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1289-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1289-canonical.toml
index c5a4dc8d13..e3b54472f1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1289-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1289-canonical.toml
@@ -159,4 +159,4 @@ Text @[0‥110) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1298-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1298-canonical.toml
index b254908c06..0ea146f115 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1298-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1298-canonical.toml
@@ -156,4 +156,4 @@ Text @[0‥101) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1300-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1300-canonical.toml
index 7eaae2d434..6ce3ec86aa 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1300-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1300-canonical.toml
@@ -142,4 +142,4 @@ Text @[0‥89) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[9,11]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[12,14]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"du'u","span":[15,19]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ma","span":[20,22]}}}}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"SumtiAssociationRelativeClause":{"association_marker":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"goĭ","span":[23,26]}}}},"sumti":{"PlainRelativeSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ko'a","span":[27,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu","span":[32,34]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"TaggedElidedSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[35,37]}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[38,42]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ko'a","span":[43,47]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cátra","span":[48,53]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[54,56]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"tom","span":[57,60]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[62,65]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[67,68]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"NaKuTerm":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[69,71]}}}},"na_ku":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[72,74]}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[75,77]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"djúno","span":[78,83]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[84,86]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[87,89]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ju'a","span":[0,4]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[5,8]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1301-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1301-canonical.toml
index 3af92092fa..85dc83d5e4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1301-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1301-canonical.toml
@@ -154,4 +154,4 @@ Text @[0‥94) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1319-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1319-canonical.toml
index 2e6ee07b53..6a41b96b0b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1319-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1319-canonical.toml
@@ -179,4 +179,4 @@ Text @[0‥123) {
 json = 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
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1349-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1349-canonical.toml
index 1b9bb5ff5e..c14ad11710 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1349-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1349-canonical.toml
@@ -146,4 +146,4 @@ Text @[0‥99) {
 json = 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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1404-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1404-canonical.toml
index c6f369cf2f..24ba9043c3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1404-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1404-canonical.toml
@@ -720,4 +720,4 @@ Text @[0‥586) {
 json = 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1427-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1427-canonical.toml
index 171a22cd1f..ed892bf7c2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1427-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1427-canonical.toml
@@ -173,4 +173,4 @@ Text @[0‥120) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1441-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1441-canonical.toml
index bdd2863261..4d469bf0b6 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1441-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1441-canonical.toml
@@ -168,4 +168,4 @@ Text @[0‥119) {
 json = 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1454-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1454-canonical.toml
index e3e9b53d0c..e6b1094139 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1454-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1454-canonical.toml
@@ -176,4 +176,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥111) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1470-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1470-canonical.toml
index cb59cc4bee..06c9d562e4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1470-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1470-canonical.toml
@@ -124,4 +124,4 @@ Text @[0‥70) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[9,11]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[12,14]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"nu","span":[15,17]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"QuantifiedSumti":{"quantifier":{"PaRunQuantifier":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"su'o","span":[18,22]}}}}}}},"inner_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"da","span":[23,25]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[26,30]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[31,33]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[34,39]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"da","span":[40,42]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[43,46]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[48,49]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"NaKuTerm":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[50,52]}}}},"na_ku":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[53,55]}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[56,58]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"djíca","span":[59,64]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[65,67]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[68,70]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ju'a","span":[0,4]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[5,8]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:20","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu su'o da zo'u mi klama da kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:20":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":70},"text":"ju'a nai cy no nu su'o da zo'u mi klama da kei\n.i na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"nu su'o da zo'u klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu su'o da zo'u mi klama da kei","construct":"predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"djica","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu su'o da zo'u mi klama da kei","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:17"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":55},"text":"na ku","construct":"bridi-negation-boundary"}},"display:12":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"ju'a","family":"metalinguistic","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:10","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ju'a nai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":14},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":65,"byteEnd":70},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu su'o da zo'u mi klama da kei","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu su'o da zo'u mi klama da kei","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"bridi"}}}}'''
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1487-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1487-canonical.toml
index 98395b8995..2c33044b75 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1487-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1487-canonical.toml
@@ -160,4 +160,4 @@ Text @[0‥106) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[9,11]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[12,14]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"du'u","span":[15,19]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"QuantifiedSumti":{"quantifier":{"PaRunQuantifier":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pa","span":[20,22]}}}}}}},"inner_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"da","span":[23,25]}}}}}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"BridiRelativeClause":{"RestrictiveBridiRelativeClause":{"poi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"poĭ","span":[26,29]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ke'a","span":[30,34]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"gérku","span":[35,40]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kuho":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku'o","span":[41,45]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[46,50]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"NameSumti":{"la":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"la","span":[51,53]}}}},"names":[{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmevla":{"phonemes":"tom","span":[54,57]}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"rálte","span":[59,64]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"da","span":[65,67]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[68,71]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[73,74]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"PrenexStatement":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu","span":[75,77]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"TaggedElidedSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[78,80]}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[81,85]}}}},"inner_statement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"NaKuTerm":{"na":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"na","span":[86,88]}}}},"na_ku":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[89,91]}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[92,94]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"djúno","span":[9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
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1488-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1488-canonical.toml
index 2b00720cbf..7013a44bc7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1488-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1488-canonical.toml
@@ -144,4 +144,4 @@ Text @[0‥88) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1492-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1492-canonical.toml
index 624817432b..5a165d43a1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1492-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1492-canonical.toml
@@ -321,4 +321,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥254) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1509-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1509-canonical.toml
index 35083665ad..d509eb8394 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1509-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1509-canonical.toml
@@ -122,4 +122,4 @@ Text @[0‥65) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[9,11]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[12,14]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"nu","span":[15,17]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"QuantifiedSumti":{"quantifier":{"PaRunQuantifier":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[18,20]}}}}}}},"inner_sumti":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"da","span":[21,23]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[24,28]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[29,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kánsa","span":[32,37]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"da","span":[38,40]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[41,44]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[46,47]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[48,50]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"cnímo","span":[51,56]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"PlaceTaggedSumtiTerm":{"fa":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"fi","span":[57,59]}}}},"sumti":{"Sumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[60,62]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[63,65]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}},"leading_indicators":[{"indicator":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ju'a","span":[0,4]}}}},"nai":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[5,8]}}}}}]}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:19","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:19":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":65},"text":"ju'a nai cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei\n.i mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"nu no da zo'u kansa","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"cnimo","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:12":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"ju'a","family":"metalinguistic","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:10","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ju'a nai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":14},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":60,"byteEnd":65},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"bridi"}}}}'''
+json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:19","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:18","content":"formula:17","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:19":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":65},"text":"ju'a nai cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei\n.i mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"nu no da zo'u kansa","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"cnimo","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"},"x3":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:12":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"ju'a","family":"metalinguistic","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:10","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ju'a nai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":14},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":60,"byteEnd":65},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":44},"text":"cy no nu no da zo'u mi kansa da kei","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:18":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":48,"byteEnd":65},"text":"mi cnimo fi cy no","construct":"bridi"}}}}'''
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1510-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1510-canonical.toml
index 3a0f8cd0b1..72039276d8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1510-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1510-canonical.toml
@@ -198,4 +198,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥131) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[0,2]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re","span":[3,5]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ka","span":[6,8]}}}},"subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ce'u","span":[9,13]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"djíca","span":[14,19]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[20,22]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pa","span":[23,25]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[26,29]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[31,32]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ju'a","span":[33,37]}},"nai":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"naĭ","span":[38,41]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[42,44]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pa","span":[45,47]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"nu","span":[48,50]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithProperties":{"properties":[{"NumberedIntervalPropertyTense":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"za'u","span":[51,55]}}}}},"roi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re'u","span":[56,60]}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"TaggedElidedSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[61,63]}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[64,68]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"mi","span":[69,71]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"víska","span":[72,77]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[78,80]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[81,83]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain"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
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1511-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1511-canonical.toml
index 88fa9662e9..2e3566025a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1511-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1511-canonical.toml
@@ -280,4 +280,4 @@ Text @[0‥205) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1521-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1521-canonical.toml
index aeb38701bd..57fb558cc8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1521-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1521-canonical.toml
@@ -132,4 +132,4 @@ Text @[0‥76) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1608-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1608-canonical.toml
index d655033949..d3777b4146 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1608-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1608-canonical.toml
@@ -130,4 +130,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥81) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[0,2]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[3,5]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"du'u","span":[6,10]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ma","span":[11,13]}}}}}},"relative_clauses":{"first":{"SumtiAssociationRelativeClause":{"association_marker":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"goĭ","span":[14,17]}}}},"sumti":{"PlainRelativeSumti":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ko'a","span":[18,22]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[23,27]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"RelationOnlyBridi":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"smúni","span":[28,33]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ko'a","span":[34,38]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ra","span":[39,41]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[42,45]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[47,48]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"xu","span":[49,51]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"kaŭ","span":[52,55]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"PrenexStatement":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithOffset":{"offsets":[{"pu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"pu","span":[56,58]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"TaggedElidedSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[59,61]}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[62,66]}}}},"inner_statement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[67,69]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"jímpe","span":[70,75]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[76,78]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[79,81]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:19","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:18"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:19":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":81},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei\n.i xu kau pu ku zo'u do jimpe cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"jimpe","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:18":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"truthQuestionPrompt","family":"questionPrompt","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:16","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:6","source":{"span":{"byteStart":49,"byteEnd":51},"text":"xu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":5},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":76,"byteEnd":81},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"bridi"}}}}'''
+json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:19","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:17","content":"formula:16","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:18"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:19":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":81},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei\n.i xu kau pu ku zo'u do jimpe cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"predication:15":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"jimpe","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:14","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:16":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:15","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:18":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"truthQuestionPrompt","family":"questionPrompt","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:16","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:6","source":{"span":{"byteStart":49,"byteEnd":51},"text":"xu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":5},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":76,"byteEnd":81},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":45},"text":"cy no du'u ma goi ko'a zo'u smuni ko'a ra kei","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:17":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":67,"byteEnd":81},"text":"do jimpe cy no","construct":"bridi"}}}}'''
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1630-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1630-canonical.toml
index f037b4236c..2b30720379 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1630-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1630-canonical.toml
@@ -136,4 +136,4 @@ Text @[0‥83) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1633-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1633-canonical.toml
index cc553bb825..1255f7c85d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1633-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1633-canonical.toml
@@ -167,4 +167,4 @@ Text @[0‥108) {
 json = 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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1637-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1637-canonical.toml
index 98a8e237d3..0d5266c5f3 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1637-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1637-canonical.toml
@@ -212,4 +212,4 @@ Text @[0‥152) {
 json = 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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1640-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1640-canonical.toml
index d093b88e03..ade739af74 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1640-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1640-canonical.toml
@@ -148,4 +148,4 @@ Text @[0‥95) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1645-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1645-canonical.toml
index 1dd936f348..479fc0ed09 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1645-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1645-canonical.toml
@@ -216,4 +216,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥145) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1647-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1647-canonical.toml
index 6dc419d98f..d821907ab7 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1647-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1647-canonical.toml
@@ -126,4 +126,4 @@ Text @[0‥70) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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+json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:20","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu co'a ku zo'u mi speni do kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:20":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":70},"text":"ju'a nai cy no nu co'a ku zo'u mi speni do kei\n.i na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"nu co'a ku zo'u speni","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu co'a ku zo'u mi speni do kei","construct":"predication"}},"predication:16":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:13","relation":"djica","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:1"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:14"},"x3":{"kind":"elided","value":"entity:15","introducedBy":"zo'e"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu co'a ku zo'u mi speni do kei","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:17":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:16","boundEventualities":["eventuality:13"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:18":{"type":"formula","operator":"not","children":["formula:17"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":55},"text":"na ku","construct":"bridi-negation-boundary"}},"display:12":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"ju'a","family":"metalinguistic","polarity":"negative","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:10","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:5","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":8},"text":"ju'a nai","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":14},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:14":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":65,"byteEnd":70},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:15":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"elided","word":"zo'e"}},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu co'a ku zo'u mi speni do kei","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:13":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":46},"text":"cy no nu co'a ku zo'u mi speni do kei","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:19":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":50,"byteEnd":70},"text":"na ku mi djica cy no","construct":"bridi"}}}}'''
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1672-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1672-canonical.toml
index ee5ec906e3..3dfddc74fc 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1672-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1672-canonical.toml
@@ -120,4 +120,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥71) {
 json = """{"RegularText":{"paragraphs":{"TextParagraphWithAdditionalNiho":{"first":{"SimpleParagraph":{"initial":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[0,2]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[3,5]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"AbstractionTanruUnit":{"nu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ka","span":[6,8]}}}},"subbridi":{"PrenexSubbridi":{"prenex_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"TaggedSumtiTerm":{"tense_modal":{"TenseModal":{"TenseModalAtom":{"CompositeTense":{"TimeSpaceCahaKiTense":{"tense":{"TimeThenSpaceCahaTense":{"time":{"TimeTenseWithProperties":{"properties":[{"NumberedIntervalPropertyTense":{"number":{"first_number":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"za'u","span":[9,13]}}}}},"roi":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"re'u","span":[14,18]}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}},"sumti":{"TaggedElidedSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ku","span":[19,21]}}}}}}}}}],"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[22,26]}}}},"inner_subbridi":{"BridiSubbridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"ce'u","span":[27,31]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Gismu":{"phonemes":"kláma","span":[32,37]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"kei":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"keĭ","span":[38,41]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"following":[{"i":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"WithIndicator":{"base":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"i","span":[43,44]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"xu","span":[45,47]}}}},"indicator":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"kaŭ","span":[48,51]}}}},"statement":{"StatementOrFragmentStatement":{"StatementBase":{"PrenexStatement":{"zohu":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"zo'u","span":[52,56]}}}},"inner_statement":{"StatementBase":{"BridiStatement":{"bridi":{"BridiWithLeadingTerms":{"leading_terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"ProSumti":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"do","span":[57,59]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}],"bridi_tail":{"BridiTailWithPossibleTailTerms":{"first":{"first":{"first":{"SelbriSimpleBridiTail":{"selbri":{"UntaggedSelbri":{"CoSelbri":{"leading_selbri":{"leading_selbri":{"first_unit":{"first":{"LinkedTanruUnit":{"base":{"base":{"WordTanruUnit":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Fuhivla":{"phonemes":"áĭdji","span":[60,65]}}}}}}}}}}}}}},"terms":[{"ConnectedTerm":{"leading_term":{"SumtiTerm":{"base_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"leading_sumti":{"SimpleSumti":{"base_sumti":{"SumtiBase":{"LerfuStringSumti":{"words":{"first_letter":{"SimpleLerfuWord":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"cy","span":[66,68]}}}}},"continuations":[{"LetterStringPaContinuation":{"Plain":{"PlainWord":{"Cmavo":{"phonemes":"no","span":[69,71]}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}]}}}}}}"""
 
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:18","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:17"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:18":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":71},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei\n.i xu kau zo'u do aidji cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ka za'u re'u ku zo'u klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"aidji","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:17":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"truthQuestionPrompt","family":"questionPrompt","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:15","targetFocus":"bridi","anchor":"utterance:6","source":{"span":{"byteStart":45,"byteEnd":47},"text":"xu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":5},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":66,"byteEnd":71},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"bridi"}}}}'''
+json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:18","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:16","content":"formula:15","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:17"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:18":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":71},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei\n.i xu kau zo'u do aidji cy no","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ka za'u re'u ku zo'u klama","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; only places required by explicit assignments are represented"}]},"predication:14":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:12","relation":"aidji","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:2"},"x2":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:13"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"predication"}},"formula:10":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:9","boundEventualities":["eventuality:7"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"formula:15":{"type":"formula","operator":"atom","predication":"predication:14","boundEventualities":["eventuality:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"bridi-formula"}},"display:17":{"type":"displayedContent","relation":"truthQuestionPrompt","family":"questionPrompt","polarity":"positive","assertionEffect":"none","experiencer":"entity:1","target":"formula:15","targetFocus":"clause","anchor":"utterance:6","source":{"span":{"byteStart":45,"byteEnd":47},"text":"xu","construct":"indicator"}},"entity:1":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"speaker"},"entity:2":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"audience"},"entity:4":{"type":"referent","category":"indexical","sort":"entity","indexical":"here"},"entity:8":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":5},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"entity:13":{"type":"referent","category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"entity","descriptor":{"kind":"unloweredSumti","word":"sumti"},"source":{"span":{"byteStart":66,"byteEnd":71},"text":"cy no","construct":"sumti"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"letteral pro-sumti did not resolve to an antecedent"}]},"eventuality:3":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","category":"indexical","sort":"eventuality","indexical":"now"},"eventuality:7":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality:12":{"type":"referent","denotation":"generated-bound","sort":"eventuality","source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"predication"}},"eventuality/locution:11":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":41},"text":"cy no ka za'u re'u ku zo'u ce'u klama kei","construct":"bridi"}},"eventuality/locution:16":{"type":"referent","denotation":"referential","actuality":{"kind":"actual"},"category":"constant","scopeDependence":{"kind":"fixed"},"sort":"eventuality/locution","source":{"span":{"byteStart":57,"byteEnd":71},"text":"do aidji cy no","construct":"bridi"}}}}'''
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1705-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1705-canonical.toml
index 6ffe326b82..c9d3b6c4d1 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1705-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1705-canonical.toml
@@ -154,4 +154,4 @@ Text @[0‥115) {
 json = 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
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
-json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:21","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":76},"text":"cy no ka ta'e ku su'o da poi ke'a ckape ku'o zo'u ce'u zukte da kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:20"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":92,"byteEnd":115},"text":"tu'a la tom. lu'u lakne","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:21":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":115},"text":"ju'a nai cy no ka ta'e ku su'o da poi ke'a ckape ku'o zo'u ce'u zukte da kei\n.i xu kau zo'u tu'a la tom. lu'u lakne","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ka ta'e ku su'o da poi ke'a ckape ku'o zo'u zukte","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":76},"text":"cy no ka ta'e ku su'o da poi ke'a ckape ku'o zo'u ce'u zukte da kei","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; 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+json = '''{"version":"lojban-semantics-json-1","root":"sequence:21","objects":{"utterance:5":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:11","content":"formula:10","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:12"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":76},"text":"cy no ka ta'e ku su'o da poi ke'a ckape ku'o zo'u ce'u zukte da kei","construct":"bridi"}},"utterance:6":{"type":"utterance","force":"assert","speaker":"entity:1","audience":"entity:2","eventuality":"eventuality/locution:19","content":"formula:18","deicticGround":{"time":"eventuality:3","place":"entity:4"},"asides":["display:20"],"source":{"span":{"byteStart":92,"byteEnd":115},"text":"tu'a la tom. lu'u lakne","construct":"bridi"}},"sequence:21":{"type":"sequence","items":["utterance:5","utterance:6"],"relation":"same-topic-continuation","source":{"span":{"byteStart":0,"byteEnd":115},"text":"ju'a nai cy no ka ta'e ku su'o da poi ke'a ckape ku'o zo'u ce'u zukte da kei\n.i xu kau zo'u tu'a la tom. lu'u lakne","construct":"text"}},"predication:9":{"type":"predication","eventuality":"eventuality:7","relation":"ka ta'e ku su'o da poi ke'a ckape ku'o zo'u zukte","arguments":{"x1":{"kind":"filled","value":"entity:8"}},"mode":"asserted","source":{"span":{"byteStart":9,"byteEnd":76},"text":"cy no ka ta'e ku su'o da poi ke'a ckape ku'o zo'u ce'u zukte da kei","construct":"predication"},"diagnostics":[{"severity":"warning","message":"relation place structure is unavailable; 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1737-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1737-canonical.toml
index 2a789c91d4..32b85b546a 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1737-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1737-canonical.toml
@@ -209,4 +209,4 @@ Text @[0‥149) {
 json = 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
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1739-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1739-canonical.toml
index 5947886594..3e7115f856 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1739-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1739-canonical.toml
@@ -301,4 +301,4 @@ Text @[0‥243) {
 json = 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1755-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1755-canonical.toml
index 2b2e8f3c16..c879de09b2 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1755-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1755-canonical.toml
@@ -531,4 +531,4 @@ Text @[0‥440) {
 json = 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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1770-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1770-canonical.toml
index 42f7081e58..85f9e72164 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1770-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1770-canonical.toml
@@ -141,4 +141,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥84) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1773-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1773-canonical.toml
index cc0494597f..6d910f683f 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1773-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1773-canonical.toml
@@ -223,4 +223,4 @@ Text @[0‥165) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1774-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1774-canonical.toml
index 72efb072b9..85a66d12be 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1774-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1774-canonical.toml
@@ -223,4 +223,4 @@ Text @[0‥165) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1775-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1775-canonical.toml
index dcdde104e4..ab5a35c749 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1775-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1775-canonical.toml
@@ -155,4 +155,4 @@ Text @[0‥114) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1815-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1815-canonical.toml
index 38e79c76ab..da2656d5ac 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1815-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1815-canonical.toml
@@ -169,4 +169,4 @@ Text @[0‥115) {
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1816-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1816-canonical.toml
index 4c4b7aec3f..4d56136e43 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1816-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1816-canonical.toml
@@ -120,4 +120,4 @@ Text @[0‥70) {
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 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1826-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1826-canonical.toml
index f282b8576c..210c326ae8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1826-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/1826-canonical.toml
@@ -167,4 +167,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥111) {
 json = 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
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/980-canonical.toml b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/980-canonical.toml
index bf1ce3dc66..f7af41443d 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/980-canonical.toml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/muplis/collection-18/980-canonical.toml
@@ -139,4 +139,4 @@ ParagraphStatementSequence @[0‥81) {
 json = 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
 [expectations.output.tersmu]
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diff --git a/tests/xml_fixture_coverage.rs b/tests/xml_fixture_coverage.rs
index 16d5e1afac..dc46fb624d 100644
--- a/tests/xml_fixture_coverage.rs
+++ b/tests/xml_fixture_coverage.rs
@@ -72,8 +72,12 @@ fn reviewer_regressions() -> Vec<ReviewerRegression> {
             None,
         ),
         (
+            // jbotci#719: with the tanru projected as a KIND-COMPOSITION
+            // relation expression, the generated event content IS derivable
+            // (the rewritten atom points at the head predication), so this
+            // renders compact now.
             "le glico bangu cu cfika bangu .iki'ubo ra se pilno le lisri ciska",
-            Some("NON-DERIVABLE-GENERATED-CONTENT"),
+            None,
         ),
         (
             "sa pu tcidu da poi srana le terfrica be zo y'ybu bei zo xy",
@@ -237,11 +241,9 @@ fn reviewer_failures_select_the_expected_form_and_f2_is_structured() {
         })
         .count();
     assert_eq!(descriptor_omissions, 1);
-    assert!(
-        rendered
-            .output
-            .contains("descriptor *.word provenance (1 field)")
-    );
+    // #719: the WAIVERS block is out of model-facing output; the omission is
+    // carried by the API alone (asserted above).
+    assert!(!rendered.output.contains("<WAIVERS>"));
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -252,7 +254,7 @@ fn content_first_question_scope_outputs_are_byte_pinned() {
         (
             "b59",
             "mi djuno lo ka ce'u klama makau",
-            "333d657bb822e83c89b28d4e358a3d2fe2e629f1238cbc5e101c330dec9ea9c6",
+            "0744182866d877a78d5b8a90d8c0e8ac52303842695d40465e6dcbb3beb934dc",
             "content-first-question-scope/b59.frozen.json",
             include_str!(
                 "../crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b59.frozen.json"
@@ -265,7 +267,7 @@ fn content_first_question_scope_outputs_are_byte_pinned() {
         (
             "b60",
             "mi djica lo nu makau klama",
-            "8291b682a0673c28111138daaf85878b9c3ec5487a767b219bdf1fe75386227e",
+            "464eb2fdc5a80ae7805cb263b532dab4e6fc679b166322405363c7befbd6664e",
             "content-first-question-scope/b60.frozen.json",
             include_str!(
                 "../crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/content-first-question-scope/b60.frozen.json"
@@ -278,7 +280,7 @@ fn content_first_question_scope_outputs_are_byte_pinned() {
         (
             "b61",
             "mi facki lo ni ma kau clani",
-            "23f61eacc63c40d895c9246b1097d8c21794b1f3a607c7c1e36558077fb18c58",
+            "de16253f24fa90bc6332c2d66012185444ae65a73507715fdd6b9bc09a7c1079",
             "referent-sort-abstraction/b61.frozen.json",
             include_str!(
                 "../crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/referent-sort-abstraction/b61.frozen.json"
@@ -291,7 +293,7 @@ fn content_first_question_scope_outputs_are_byte_pinned() {
         (
             "b62",
             "mi cusku lu ro da klama li'u",
-            "ff1eec3b104dcd978d3da8b24fbea591166dc699fe0baa23f9c308c4be30ef5a",
+            "bf390380ee4e6e053c7aea0358cd7147e0c37ef3d47e0d82b2bd3710727c5d38",
             "sign-quotation/b62.frozen.json",
             include_str!(
                 "../crates/jbotci-semantics/tests/xml_focused_regressions/sign-quotation/b62.frozen.json"
diff --git a/tools/xarsnu/src/jbotci_tools.rs b/tools/xarsnu/src/jbotci_tools.rs
index 28622f0b56..13ae37a806 100644
--- a/tools/xarsnu/src/jbotci_tools.rs
+++ b/tools/xarsnu/src/jbotci_tools.rs
@@ -751,7 +751,8 @@ mod tests {
         })
         .expect("direct XML");
         assert_eq!(xml_output, expected_xml);
-        assert!(xml_output.stdout.starts_with(b"<SFN "));
+        // jbotci#719: the document opens with the KEY teaching comment.
+        assert!(xml_output.stdout.starts_with(b"<!--\n"));
         assert_eq!(
             xml_output.content_type.as_deref(),
             Some("application/xml; charset=utf-8")