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sig-alternate.cls
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% SIG-ALTERNATE.CLS - VERSION 2.8
% "COMPATIBLE" WITH THE "ACM_PROC_ARTICLE-SP.CLS" V3.2SP
% Gerald Murray - May 23rd 2012
% Boris Veytsman - April 23 2013
% Boris Veytsman - May 12 2013
% Boris Veytsman - June 09 2013
% Boris Veytsman - August 12 2013
%
% ---- Start of 'updates' ----
% Added new permission/copyright statement - BV
% Changed $10 fee to $15 -- May 2012 -- Gerry
% Changed $5 fee to $10 -- April 2009 -- Gerry
% April 22nd. 2009 - Fixed 'Natbib' incompatibility problem - Gerry
% April 22nd. 2009 - Fixed 'Babel' incompatibility problem - Gerry
% April 22nd. 2009 - Inserted various bug-fixes and improvements - Gerry
%
% To produce Type 1 fonts in the document plus allow for 'normal LaTeX accenting' in the critical areas;
% title, author block, section-heads, confname, etc. etc.
% i.e. the whole purpose of this version update is to NOT resort to 'inelegant accent patches'.
% After much research, three extra .sty packages were added to the the tail (ae, aecompl, aeguill) to solve,
% in particular, the accenting problem(s). We _could_ ask authors (via instructions/sample file) to 'include' these in
% the source .tex file - in the preamble - but if everything is already provided ('behind the scenes' - embedded IN the .cls)
% then this is less work for authors and also makes everything appear 'vanilla'.
% NOTE: all 'patchwork accenting" has been commented out (here) and is no longer 'used' in the sample .tex file (either).
% Gerry June 2007
%
% Patch for accenting in conference name/location. Gerry May 3rd. 2007
% Rule widths changed to .5, author count (>6) fixed, roll-back for Type 3 problem. Gerry March 20th. 2007
% Changes made to 'modernize' the fontnames but esp. for MikTeX users V2.4/2.5 - Nov. 30th. 2006
% Updated the \email definition to allow for its use inside of 'shared affiliations' - Nov. 30th. 2006
% Fixed the 'section number depth value' - Nov. 30th. 2006
%
% Footnotes inside table cells using \minipage (Oct. 2002)
% Georgia fixed bug in sub-sub-section numbering in paragraphs (July 29th. 2002)
% JS/GM fix to vertical spacing before Proofs (July 30th. 2002)
%
% Made the Permission Statement / Conference Info / Copyright Info
% 'user definable' in the source .tex file OR automatic if
% not specified.
%
% Allowance made to switch default fonts between those systems using
% normal/modern font names and those using 'Type 1' or 'Truetype' fonts.
% See LINE NUMBER 255 for details.
% Also provided for enumerated/annotated Corollaries 'surrounded' by
% enumerated Theorems (line 848).
% Gerry November 11th. 1999
%
% ---- End of 'updates' ----
%
\def\fileversion{v2.9} % for ACM's tracking purposes
\def\filedate{August 12, 2013} % Gerry Murray's tracking data
\def\docdate {\filedate}
\usepackage{epsfig}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
% Need this for accents in Arial/Helvetica
%\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Gerry March 12, 2007 - causes Type 3 problems (body text)
%\usepackage{textcomp}
%
% SIG-ALTERNATE DOCUMENT STYLE
% G.K.M. Tobin August-October 1999
% adapted from ARTICLE document style by Ken Traub, Olin Shivers
% also using elements of esub2acm.cls
% HEAVILY MODIFIED, SUBSEQUENTLY, BY GERRY MURRAY 2000
% ARTICLE DOCUMENT STYLE -- Released 16 March 1988
% for LaTeX version 2.09
% Copyright (C) 1988 by Leslie Lamport
%
%
%%% sig-alternate.cls is an 'ALTERNATE' document style for producing
%%% two-column camera-ready pages for ACM conferences.
%%% THIS FILE DOES NOT STRICTLY ADHERE TO THE SIGS (BOARD-ENDORSED)
%%% PROCEEDINGS STYLE. It has been designed to produce a 'tighter'
%%% paper in response to concerns over page budgets.
%%% The main features of this style are:
%%%
%%% 1) Two columns.
%%% 2) Side and top margins of 4.5pc, bottom margin of 6pc, column gutter of
%%% 2pc, hence columns are 20pc wide and 55.5pc tall. (6pc =3D 1in, approx)
%%% 3) First page has title information, and an extra 6pc of space at the
%%% bottom of the first column for the ACM copyright notice.
%%% 4) Text is 9pt on 10pt baselines; titles (except main) are 9pt bold.
%%%
%%%
%%% There are a few restrictions you must observe:
%%%
%%% 1) You cannot change the font size; ACM wants you to use 9pt.
%%% 3) You must start your paper with the \maketitle command. Prior to the
%%% \maketitle you must have \title and \author commands. If you have a
%%% \date command it will be ignored; no date appears on the paper, since
%%% the proceedings will have a date on the front cover.
%%% 4) Marginal paragraphs, tables of contents, lists of figures and tables,
%%% and page headings are all forbidden.
%%% 5) The `figure' environment will produce a figure one column wide; if you
%%% want one that is two columns wide, use `figure*'.
%%%
%
%%% Copyright Space:
%%% This style automatically reserves 1" blank space at the bottom of page 1/
%%% column 1. This space can optionally be filled with some text using the
%%% \toappear{...} command. If used, this command must be BEFORE the \maketitle
%%% command. If this command is defined AND [preprint] is on, then the
%%% space is filled with the {...} text (at the bottom); otherwise, it is
%%% blank. If you use \toappearbox{...} instead of \toappear{...} then a
%%% box will be drawn around the text (if [preprint] is on).
%%%
%%% A typical usage looks like this:
%%% \toappear{To appear in the Ninth AES Conference on Medievil Lithuanian
%%% Embalming Technique, June 1991, Alfaretta, Georgia.}
%%% This will be included in the preprint, and left out of the conference
%%% version.
%%%
%%% WARNING:
%%% Some dvi-ps converters heuristically allow chars to drift from their
%%% true positions a few pixels. This may be noticeable with the 9pt sans-serif
%%% bold font used for section headers.
%%% You may turn this hackery off via the -e option:
%%% dvips -e 0 foo.dvi >foo.ps
%%%
\typeout{Document Class 'sig-alternate' <9th June '13>. Modified by
G.K.M. Tobin/Gerry Murray/Boris Veytsman}
\typeout{Based in part upon document Style `acmconf' <22 May 89>. Hacked 4/91 by}
\typeout{[email protected], 4/93 by [email protected]}
\typeout{Excerpts were taken from (Journal Style) 'esub2acm.cls'.}
\typeout{****** Bugs/comments/suggestions/technicalities to Gerry Murray -- [email protected] ******}
\typeout{Questions on the style, SIGS policies, etc. to Adrienne Griscti [email protected]}
% New option code by BV
\newcount\ACM@basesize
\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\DeclareOption{9pt}{\ACM@basesize=9\relax}
\DeclareOption{10pt}{\ACM@basesize=10\relax}
\DeclareOption{11pt}{\ClassError{sig-alternate}{The `11pt' option is
not allowed}{sig-alternate now exists in 9pt and 10pt versions only}}
\DeclareOption{12pt}{\ClassError{sig-alternate}{The `12pt' option is
not allowed}{sig-alternate now exists in 9pt and 10pt versions only}}
\ExecuteOptions{9pt}
\ProcessOptions
\let\@concepts\@empty
% Support for CCSXML file
\RequirePackage{comment}
\excludecomment{CCSXML}
% New concepts scheme
%
% The first argument is the significance, the
% second is the concept(s)
%
\newcommand\ccsdesc[2][100]{%
\ccsdesc@parse#1~#2~}
%
% The parser of the expression Significance~General~Specific
%
\def\ccsdesc@parse#1~#2~#3~{%
\expandafter\ifx\csname CCS@#2\endcsname\relax
\expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@#2\endcsname{\textbullet\textbf{#2} $\to$ }%
\g@addto@macro{\@concepts}{\csname CCS@#2\endcsname}\fi
\expandafter\g@addto@macro\expandafter{\csname CCS@#2\endcsname}{%
\ifnum#1>499\textbf{#3; }\else
\ifnum#1>299\textit{#3; }\else
#3; \fi\fi}}
\newcommand\printccsdesc{%
\ifx\@concepts\@empty\else
\if@twocolumn
\section*{CCS Concepts}
\@concepts
\else \small
\quotation{\@concepts}%
\fi
\fi}
\def\doi#1{\def\@doi{#1}}
\doi{http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/0000000.0000000}
\oddsidemargin 4.5pc
\evensidemargin 4.5pc
\advance\oddsidemargin by -1in % Correct for LaTeX gratuitousness
\advance\evensidemargin by -1in % Correct for LaTeX gratuitousness
\marginparwidth 0pt % Margin pars are not allowed.
\marginparsep 11pt % Horizontal space between outer margin and
% marginal note
% Top of page:
\topmargin 4.5pc % Nominal distance from top of page to top of
% box containing running head.
\advance\topmargin by -1in % Correct for LaTeX gratuitousness
\headheight 0pt % Height of box containing running head.
\headsep 0pt % Space between running head and text.
% Bottom of page:
\footskip 30pt % Distance from baseline of box containing foot
% to baseline of last line of text.
\@ifundefined{footheight}{\newdimen\footheight}{}% this is for LaTeX2e
\footheight 12pt % Height of box containing running foot.
%% Must redefine the top margin so there's room for headers and
%% page numbers if you are using the preprint option. Footers
%% are OK as is. Olin.
\advance\topmargin by -37pt % Leave 37pt above text for headers
\headheight 12pt % Height of box containing running head.
\headsep 25pt % Space between running head and text.
\textheight 666pt % 9 1/4 column height
\textwidth 42pc % Width of text line.
% For two-column mode:
\columnsep 2pc % Space between columns
\columnseprule 0pt % Width of rule between columns.
\hfuzz 1pt % Allow some variation in column width, otherwise it's
% too hard to typeset in narrow columns.
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\footnotesep 5.6pt % Height of strut placed at the beginning of every
% footnote =3D height of normal \footnotesize strut,
% so no extra space between footnotes.
\fi
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=10\relax
\footnotesep 6.22pt % Height of strut placed at the beginning of every
% footnote =3D height of normal \footnotesize strut,
% so no extra space between footnotes.
\fi
\skip\footins 8.1pt plus 4pt minus 2pt % Space between last line of text and
% top of first footnote.
\floatsep 11pt plus 2pt minus 2pt % Space between adjacent floats moved
% to top or bottom of text page.
\textfloatsep 18pt plus 2pt minus 4pt % Space between main text and floats
% at top or bottom of page.
\intextsep 11pt plus 2pt minus 2pt % Space between in-text figures and
% text.
\@ifundefined{@maxsep}{\newdimen\@maxsep}{}% this is for LaTeX2e
\@maxsep 18pt % The maximum of \floatsep,
% \textfloatsep and \intextsep (minus
% the stretch and shrink).
\dblfloatsep 11pt plus 2pt minus 2pt % Same as \floatsep for double-column
% figures in two-column mode.
\dbltextfloatsep 18pt plus 2pt minus 4pt% \textfloatsep for double-column
% floats.
\@ifundefined{@dblmaxsep}{\newdimen\@dblmaxsep}{}% this is for LaTeX2e
\@dblmaxsep 18pt % The maximum of \dblfloatsep and
% \dbltexfloatsep.
\@fptop 0pt plus 1fil % Stretch at top of float page/column. (Must be
% 0pt plus ...)
\@fpsep 8pt plus 2fil % Space between floats on float page/column.
\@fpbot 0pt plus 1fil % Stretch at bottom of float page/column. (Must be
% 0pt plus ... )
\@dblfptop 0pt plus 1fil % Stretch at top of float page. (Must be 0pt plus ...)
\@dblfpsep 8pt plus 2fil % Space between floats on float page.
\@dblfpbot 0pt plus 1fil % Stretch at bottom of float page. (Must be
% 0pt plus ... )
\marginparpush 5pt % Minimum vertical separation between two marginal
% notes.
\parskip 0pt plus 1pt % Extra vertical space between
% paragraphs.
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\parindent 9pt % GM July 2000 / was 0pt - width of paragraph
% indentation.
\fi
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=10\relax
\parindent 10pt % GM July 2000 / was 0pt - width of paragraph
% indentation.
\fi
\partopsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt% Extra vertical space, in addition to
% \parskip and \topsep, added when user
% leaves blank line before environment.
\@lowpenalty 51 % Produced by \nopagebreak[1] or \nolinebreak[1]
\@medpenalty 151 % Produced by \nopagebreak[2] or \nolinebreak[2]
\@highpenalty 301 % Produced by \nopagebreak[3] or \nolinebreak[3]
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty % Before a list or paragraph environment.
\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty % After a list or paragraph environment.
\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty % Between list items.
\RequirePackage{ifpdf}%
\ifpdf
\pdfpagewidth=8.5in
\pdfpageheight=11in
\fi
\lineskip 2pt % \lineskip is 1pt for all font sizes.
\normallineskip 2pt
\def\baselinestretch{1}
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\abovedisplayskip 9pt plus2pt minus4.5pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus3pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 5.4pt plus3pt minus3pt%
\let\@listi\@listI % Setting of \@listi added 9 Jun 87
\def\small{\@setsize\small{9pt}\viiipt\@viiipt
\abovedisplayskip 7.6pt plus 3pt minus 4pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 3.6pt plus2pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini %% Added 22 Dec 87
\topsep 4pt plus 2pt minus 2pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
\def\footnotesize{\@setsize\footnotesize{9pt}\ixpt\@ixpt
\abovedisplayskip 6.4pt plus 2pt minus 4pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus 1pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 2.7pt plus 1pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini %% Added 22 Dec 87
\topsep 3pt plus 1pt minus 1pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
\fi
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=10\relax
\abovedisplayskip 10pt plus2pt minus4.5pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus3pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 6pt plus3pt minus3pt%
\let\@listi\@listI % Setting of \@listi added 9 Jun 87
\def\small{\@setsize\small{10pt}\ixpt\@ixpt
\abovedisplayskip 8.5pt plus 3pt minus 4pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 4pt plus2pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini %% Added 22 Dec 87
\topsep 4.5pt plus 2pt minus 2pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
\def\footnotesize{\@setsize\footnotesize{10pt}\xpt\@xpt
\abovedisplayskip 7.6pt plus 2pt minus 4pt%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus 1pt%
\belowdisplayshortskip 3.0pt plus 1pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini %% Added 22 Dec 87
\topsep 3.2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
\fi
\newcount\aucount
\newcount\originalaucount
\newdimen\auwidth
\auwidth=\textwidth
\newdimen\auskip
\newcount\auskipcount
\newdimen\auskip
\global\auskip=1pc
\newdimen\allauboxes
\allauboxes=\auwidth
\newtoks\addauthors
\newcount\addauflag
\global\addauflag=0 %Haven't shown additional authors yet
\newtoks\subtitletext
\gdef\subtitle#1{\subtitletext={#1}}
\gdef\additionalauthors#1{\addauthors={#1}}
\gdef\numberofauthors#1{\global\aucount=#1
\ifnum\aucount>3\global\originalaucount=\aucount \global\aucount=3\fi %g} % 3 OK - Gerry March 2007
\global\auskipcount=\aucount\global\advance\auskipcount by 1
\global\multiply\auskipcount by 2
\global\multiply\auskip by \auskipcount
\global\advance\auwidth by -\auskip
\global\divide\auwidth by \aucount}
% \and was modified to count the number of authors. GKMT 12 Aug 1999
\def\alignauthor{% % \begin{tabular}
\end{tabular}%
\begin{tabular}[t]{p{\auwidth}}\centering}%
% *** NOTE *** NOTE *** NOTE *** NOTE ***
% If you have 'font problems' then you may need
% to change these, e.g. 'arialb' instead of "arialbd".
% Gerry Murray 11/11/1999
% *** OR ** comment out block A and activate block B or vice versa.
% **********************************************
%
% -- Start of block A -- (Type 1 or Truetype fonts)
%\newfont{\secfnt}{timesbd at 12pt} % was timenrb originally - now is timesbd
%\newfont{\secit}{timesbi at 12pt} %13 Jan 00 gkmt
%\newfont{\subsecfnt}{timesi at 11pt} % was timenrri originally - now is timesi
%\newfont{\subsecit}{timesbi at 11pt} % 13 Jan 00 gkmt -- was times changed to timesbi gm 2/4/2000
% % because "normal" is italic, "italic" is Roman
%\newfont{\ttlfnt}{arialbd at 18pt} % was arialb originally - now is arialbd
%\newfont{\ttlit}{arialbi at 18pt} % 13 Jan 00 gkmt
%\newfont{\subttlfnt}{arial at 14pt} % was arialr originally - now is arial
%\newfont{\subttlit}{ariali at 14pt} % 13 Jan 00 gkmt
%\newfont{\subttlbf}{arialbd at 14pt} % 13 Jan 00 gkmt
%\newfont{\aufnt}{arial at 12pt} % was arialr originally - now is arial
%\newfont{\auit}{ariali at 12pt} % 13 Jan 00 gkmt
%\newfont{\affaddr}{arial at 10pt} % was arialr originally - now is arial
%\newfont{\affaddrit}{ariali at 10pt} %13 Jan 00 gkmt
%\newfont{\eaddfnt}{arial at 12pt} % was arialr originally - now is arial
%\newfont{\ixpt}{times at 9pt} % was timenrr originally - now is times
%\newfont{\confname}{timesi at 8pt} % was timenrri - now is timesi
%\newfont{\crnotice}{times at 8pt} % was timenrr originally - now is times
%\newfont{\ninept}{times at 9pt} % was timenrr originally - now is times
% *********************************************
% -- End of block A --
%
%
% -- Start of block B -- UPDATED FONT NAMES
% *********************************************
% Gerry Murray 11/30/2006
% *********************************************
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\newfont{\secfnt}{ptmb8t at 12pt}
\newfont{\secit}{ptmbi8t at 12pt} %13 Jan 00 gkmt
\newfont{\subsecfnt}{ptmri8t at 11pt}
\newfont{\subsecit}{ptmbi8t at 11pt} %
\newfont{\ttlfnt}{phvb8t at 18pt}
\newfont{\ttlit}{phvbo8t at 18pt} % GM 2/4/2000
\newfont{\subttlfnt}{phvr8t at 14pt}
\newfont{\subttlit}{phvro8t at 14pt} % GM 2/4/2000
\newfont{\subttlbf}{phvb8t at 14pt} % 13 Jan 00 gkmt
\newfont{\aufnt}{phvr8t at 12pt}
\newfont{\auit}{phvro8t at 12pt} % GM 2/4/2000
\newfont{\affaddr}{phvr8t at 10pt}
\newfont{\affaddrit}{phvro8t at 10pt} % GM 2/4/2000
\newfont{\eaddfnt}{phvr8t at 12pt}
\newfont{\ixpt}{ptmr8t at 9pt}
\newfont{\confname}{ptmri8t at 8pt}
\newfont{\crnotice}{ptmr8t at 8pt}
\newfont{\ninept}{ptmr8t at 9pt}
\fi
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=10\relax
\newfont{\secfnt}{ptmb8t at 13pt}
\newfont{\secit}{ptmbi8t at 13pt} %13 Jan 00 gkmt
\newfont{\subsecfnt}{ptmri8t at 12pt}
\newfont{\subsecit}{ptmbi8t at 12pt} %
\newfont{\ttlfnt}{phvb8t at 20pt}
\newfont{\ttlit}{phvbo8t at 20pt} % GM 2/4/2000
\newfont{\subttlfnt}{phvr8t at 15pt}
\newfont{\subttlit}{phvro8t at 15pt} % GM 2/4/2000
\newfont{\subttlbf}{phvb8t at 15pt} % 13 Jan 00 gkmt
\newfont{\aufnt}{phvr8t at 12pt}
\newfont{\auit}{phvro8t at 12pt} % GM 2/4/2000
\newfont{\affaddr}{phvr8t at 11pt}
\newfont{\affaddrit}{phvro8t at 11pt} % GM 2/4/2000
\newfont{\eaddfnt}{phvr8t at 12pt}
\newfont{\ixpt}{ptmr8t at 10pt}
\newfont{\confname}{ptmri8t at 9pt}
\newfont{\crnotice}{ptmr8t at 9pt}
\newfont{\ninept}{ptmr8t at 10pt}
\fi
% +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
% -- End of block B --
%\def\email#1{{{\eaddfnt{\vskip 4pt#1}}}}
% If we have an email, inside a "shared affiliation" then we need the following instead
\def\email#1{{{\eaddfnt{\par #1}}}} % revised - GM - 11/30/2006
\def\addauthorsection{\ifnum\originalaucount>6 % was 3 - Gerry March 2007
\section{Additional Authors}\the\addauthors
\fi}
\newcount\savesection
\newcount\sectioncntr
\global\sectioncntr=1
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\def\appendix{\par
\section*{APPENDIX}
\setcounter{section}{0}
\setcounter{subsection}{0}
\def\thesection{\Alph{section}} }
\leftmargini 22.5pt
\leftmarginii 19.8pt % > \labelsep + width of '(m)'
\leftmarginiii 16.8pt % > \labelsep + width of 'vii.'
\leftmarginiv 15.3pt % > \labelsep + width of 'M.'
\leftmarginv 9pt
\leftmarginvi 9pt
\leftmargin\leftmargini
\labelsep 4.5pt
\labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \parsep 3.6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt%
\topsep 7.2pt plus 2pt minus 4pt%
\itemsep 3.6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt}
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
\labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\topsep 3.6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
\parsep 1.8pt plus 0.9pt minus 0.9pt
\itemsep \parsep}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
\labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\topsep 1.8pt plus 0.9pt minus 0.9pt
\parsep \z@ \partopsep 1pt plus 0pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \topsep}
\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
\labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
\labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
\labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\def\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
\def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}
\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}
\def\labelitemii{\bf --}
\def\labelitemiii{$\ast$}
\def\labelitemiv{$\cdot$}
\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr
\list{}{\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent \itemindent
\rightmargin\leftmargin\advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]}
\let\endverse\endlist
\def\quotation{\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em
\itemindent\listparindent
\rightmargin\leftmargin \parsep 0pt plus 1pt}\item[]}
\let\endquotation=\endlist
\def\quote{\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]}
\let\endquote=\endlist
\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bf #1}
\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
\let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
\let\enddescription\endlist
\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\arraycolsep 4.5pt % Half the space between columns in an array environment.
\tabcolsep 5.4pt % Half the space between columns in a tabular environment.
\arrayrulewidth .5pt % Width of rules in array and tabular environment. % (was .4) updated Gerry March 20 2007
\doublerulesep 1.8pt % Space between adjacent rules in array or tabular env.
\fi
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=10\relax
\arraycolsep 5pt % Half the space between columns in an array environment.
\tabcolsep 6pt % Half the space between columns in a tabular environment.
\arrayrulewidth .5pt % Width of rules in array and tabular environment. % (was .4) updated Gerry March 20 2007
\doublerulesep 1.8pt % Space between adjacent rules in array or tabular env.
\fi
\tabbingsep \labelsep % Space used by the \' command. (See LaTeX manual.)
\skip\@mpfootins =\skip\footins
\fboxsep =2.7pt % Space left between box and text by \fbox and \framebox.
\fboxrule =.5pt % Width of rules in box made by \fbox and \framebox. % (was .4) updated Gerry March 20 2007
\def\thepart{\Roman{part}} % Roman numeral part numbers.
\def\thesection {\arabic{section}}
\def\thesubsection {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
%\def\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection.\arabic{subsubsection}} % GM 7/30/2002
%\def\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}} % GM 7/30/2002
\def\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
\def\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
\def\@tocrmarg {2.55em}
\def\@dotsep{4.5}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
%\def\tableofcontents{\@latexerr{\tableofcontents: Tables of contents are not
% allowed in the `acmconf' document style.}\@eha}
\def\tableofcontents{\ClassError{%
\string\tableofcontents\space is not allowed in the `acmconf' document % January 2008
style}\@eha}
\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}
\addvspace{2.25em plus 1pt} % space above part line
\begingroup
\@tempdima 3em % width of box holding part number, used by
\parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth %% \numberline
\parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
{\large \bf % set line in \large boldface
\leavevmode % TeX command to enter horizontal mode.
#1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
\nobreak % Never break after part entry
\endgroup}
\def\l@section#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty} % good place for page break
\addvspace{1.0em plus 1pt} % space above toc entry
\@tempdima 1.5em % width of box holding section number
\begingroup
\parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
\parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
\bf % Boldface.
\leavevmode % TeX command to enter horizontal mode.
\advance\leftskip\@tempdima %% added 5 Feb 88 to conform to
\hskip -\leftskip %% 25 Jan 88 change to \numberline
#1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
\endgroup}
\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
%\def\listoffigures{\@latexerr{\listoffigures: Lists of figures are not
% allowed in the `acmconf' document style.}\@eha}
\def\listoffigures{\ClassError{%
\string\listoffigures\space is not allowed in the `acmconf' document % January 2008
style}\@eha}
\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
%\def\listoftables{\@latexerr{\listoftables: Lists of tables are not
% allowed in the `acmconf' document style.}\@eha}
%\let\l@table\l@figure
\def\listoftables{\ClassError{%
\string\listoftables\space is not allowed in the `acmconf' document % January 2008
style}\@eha}
\let\l@table\l@figure
\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
\hrule width .5\columnwidth % (was .4) updated Gerry March 20 2007
\kern 2.6\p@} % The \hrule has default height of .4pt % (was .4) updated Gerry March 20 2007
% ------
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\noindent
%\hbox to .5em{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1} % original
\hbox to .5em{\hss\textsuperscript{\@thefnmark}}#1} % C. Clifton / GM Oct. 2nd. 2002
% -------
\long\def\@maketntext#1{\noindent
#1}
\long\def\@maketitlenotetext#1#2{\noindent
\hbox to 1.8em{\hss$^{#1}$}#2}
\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\def\topfraction{.7}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\def\bottomfraction{.3}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
\def\textfraction{.2}
\def\floatpagefraction{.5}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
\def\dbltopfraction{.7}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}
%
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
\vskip \baselineskip
\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{\textbf{#1: #2}}
\ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize % IF longer than one line:
\textbf{#1: #2}\par % THEN set as ordinary paragraph.
\else % ELSE center.
\hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}\par
\fi}
%
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
\vskip 10pt
\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{\textbf{#1: #2}}
\ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize % IF longer than one line:
\textbf{#1: #2}\par % THEN set as ordinary paragraph.
\else % ELSE center.
\hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}
\fi}
\@ifundefined{figure}{\newcounter {figure}} % this is for LaTeX2e
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{Figure \thefigure}
\def\figure{\@float{figure}}
%\let\endfigure\end@float
\def\endfigure{\end@float} % Gerry January 2008
\@namedef{figure*}{\@dblfloat{figure}}
\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}
\@ifundefined{table}{\newcounter {table}} % this is for LaTeX2e
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{Table \thetable}
\def\table{\@float{table}}
%\let\endtable\end@float
\def\endtable{\end@float} % Gerry January 2008
\@namedef{table*}{\@dblfloat{table}}
\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}
\newtoks\titleboxnotes
\newcount\titleboxnoteflag
\def\maketitle{\par
\begingroup
\def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
\def\@makefnmark{\hbox
to 0pt{$^{\@thefnmark}$\hss}}
\twocolumn[\@maketitle]
\@thanks
\endgroup
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
\let\maketitle\relax
\let\@maketitle\relax
\gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}\gdef\@subtitle{}\let\thanks\relax
\@copyrightspace}
%% CHANGES ON NEXT LINES
\newif\if@ll % to record which version of LaTeX is in use
\expandafter\ifx\csname LaTeXe\endcsname\relax % LaTeX2.09 is used
\else% LaTeX2e is used, so set ll to true
\global\@lltrue
\fi
\if@ll
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{sig-alternate} [2013/05/12 v2.7 based on acmproc.cls V1.3 <Nov. 30 '99>]
\RequirePackage{latexsym}% QUERY: are these two really needed?
\let\dooptions\ProcessOptions
\else
\let\dooptions\@options
\fi
%% END CHANGES
\def\@height{height}
\def\@width{width}
\def\@minus{minus}
\def\@plus{plus}
\def\hb@xt@{\hbox to}
\newif\if@faircopy
\@faircopyfalse
\def\ds@faircopy{\@faircopytrue}
\def\ds@preprint{\@faircopyfalse}
\@twosidetrue
\@mparswitchtrue
\def\ds@draft{\overfullrule 5\p@}
%% CHANGE ON NEXT LINE
\dooptions
\lineskip \p@
\normallineskip \p@
\def\baselinestretch{1}
\def\@ptsize{0} %needed for amssymbols.sty
%% CHANGES ON NEXT LINES
\if@ll% allow use of old-style font change commands in LaTeX2e
\@maxdepth\maxdepth
%
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\ninept\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\cal}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathcal}}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\mit}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathnormal}}
\fi
%
\if@ll
\renewcommand{\rmdefault}{cmr} % was 'ttm'
% Note! I have also found 'mvr' to work ESPECIALLY well.
% Gerry - October 1999
% You may need to change your LV1times.fd file so that sc is
% mapped to cmcsc - -for smallcaps -- that is if you decide
% to change {cmr} to {times} above. (Not recommended)
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\renewcommand{\@ptsize}{}
\renewcommand{\normalsize}{%
\@setfontsize\normalsize\@ixpt{10.5\p@}%\ninept%
\abovedisplayskip 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@
\belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@
\let\@listi\@listI}
\fi
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=10\relax
\renewcommand{\@ptsize}{}
\renewcommand{\normalsize}{%
\@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{11.5\p@}%\ninept%
\abovedisplayskip 6.5\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip 6.5\p@ \@minus 3\p@
\belowdisplayshortskip 6.5\p@ \@minus 3\p@
\let\@listi\@listI}
\fi
\else
\def\@normalsize{%changed next to 9 from 10
\@setsize\normalsize{9\p@}\ixpt\@ixpt
\abovedisplayskip 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@
\belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@
\let\@listi\@listI
}%
\fi
\if@ll
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt{8\p@}}
\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt{6\p@}}
\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14\p@}}
\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{18\p@}}
\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{20\p@}}
\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25\p@}}
\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30\p@}}
\fi
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=10\relax
\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viiipt{9\p@}}
\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vipt{7\p@}}
\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiiipt{15\p@}}
\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xvpt{20\p@}}
\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xixpt{22\p@}}
\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xixpt{30\p@}}
\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge30pt{36\p@}}
\fi
\else
\def\scriptsize{\@setsize\scriptsize{8\p@}\viipt\@viipt}
\def\tiny{\@setsize\tiny{6\p@}\vpt\@vpt}
\def\large{\@setsize\large{14\p@}\xiipt\@xiipt}
\def\Large{\@setsize\Large{18\p@}\xivpt\@xivpt}
\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{20\p@}\xviipt\@xviipt}
\def\huge{\@setsize\huge{25\p@}\xxpt\@xxpt}
\def\Huge{\@setsize\Huge{30\p@}\xxvpt\@xxvpt}
\fi
\normalsize
% make aubox hsize/number of authors up to 3, less gutter
% then showbox gutter showbox gutter showbox -- GKMT Aug 99
\newbox\@acmtitlebox
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=9\relax
\def\@maketitle{\newpage
\null
\setbox\@acmtitlebox\vbox{%
\baselineskip 20pt
\vskip 2em % Vertical space above title.
\begin{center}
{\ttlfnt \@title\par} % Title set in 18pt Helvetica (Arial) bold size.
\vskip 1.5em % Vertical space after title.
%This should be the subtitle.
{\subttlfnt \the\subtitletext\par}\vskip 1.25em%\fi
{\baselineskip 16pt\aufnt % each author set in \12 pt Arial, in a
\lineskip .5em % tabular environment
\begin{tabular}[t]{c}\@author
\end{tabular}\par}
\vskip 1.5em % Vertical space after author.
\end{center}}
\dimen0=\ht\@acmtitlebox
\advance\dimen0 by -12.75pc\relax % Increased space for title box -- KBT
\unvbox\@acmtitlebox
\ifdim\dimen0<0.0pt\relax\vskip-\dimen0\fi}
\fi
\ifnum\ACM@basesize=10\relax
\def\@maketitle{\newpage
\null
\setbox\@acmtitlebox\vbox{%
\baselineskip 22pt
\vskip 2.2em % Vertical space above title.
\begin{center}
{\ttlfnt \@title\par} % Title set in 18pt Helvetica (Arial) bold size.
\vskip 2em % Vertical space after title.
%This should be the subtitle.
{\subttlfnt \the\subtitletext\par}\vskip 1.25em%\fi
{\baselineskip 18pt\aufnt % each author set in \12 pt Arial, in a
\lineskip .5em % tabular environment
\begin{tabular}[t]{c}\@author
\end{tabular}\par}
\vskip 2em % Vertical space after author.
\end{center}}
\dimen0=\ht\@acmtitlebox
\advance\dimen0 by -12.75pc\relax % Increased space for title box -- KBT
\unvbox\@acmtitlebox
\ifdim\dimen0<0.0pt\relax\vskip-\dimen0\fi}
\fi
\newcount\titlenotecount
\global\titlenotecount=0
\newtoks\tntoks
\newtoks\tntokstwo
\newtoks\tntoksthree
\newtoks\tntoksfour
\newtoks\tntoksfive
\def\abstract{
\ifnum\titlenotecount>0 % was =1
\insert\footins{%
\reset@font\footnotesize
\interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
\splittopskip\footnotesep
\splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox \floatingpenalty \@MM
\hsize\columnwidth \@parboxrestore
\protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
}%
\color@begingroup
\ifnum\titlenotecount=1
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\ast$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoks\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\fi
\ifnum\titlenotecount=2
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\ast$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoks\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\dagger$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntokstwo\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\fi
\ifnum\titlenotecount=3
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\ast$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoks\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\dagger$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntokstwo\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\ddagger$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoksthree\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\fi
\ifnum\titlenotecount=4
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\ast$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoks\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\dagger$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntokstwo\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\ddagger$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoksthree\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\S$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoksfour\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\fi
\ifnum\titlenotecount=5
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\ast$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoks\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\dagger$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntokstwo\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\ddagger$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoksthree\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\S$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoksfour\par\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\@maketntext{%
\raisebox{4pt}{$\P$}\rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces\the\tntoksfive\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
\fi
\color@endgroup} %g}
\fi
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
\section*{ABSTRACT}\normalsize%\ninept
}
\def\endabstract{\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi}
\def\keywords{\if@twocolumn
\section*{Keywords}
\else \small
\quotation
\fi}
\def\terms#1{%
%\if@twocolumn
%\section*{General Terms}
%\else \small
%\quotation
%\fi
}
% -- Classification needs to be a bit smart due to optionals - Gerry/Georgia November 2nd. 1999
\newcount\catcount
\global\catcount=1
\def\category#1#2#3{%
\ifnum\catcount=1
\section*{Categories and Subject Descriptors}
\advance\catcount by 1\else{\unskip; }\fi
\@ifnextchar [{\@category{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@category{#1}{#2}{#3}[]}%
}