Convert `update-supported-enterprise-server-versions` script to TypeScript #8212

Job	Run time
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, nightly-latest)	46s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, nightly-latest)	44s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, default)	35s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, linked)	38s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, linked)	50s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, default)	48s
	4m 21s

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