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1381. 设计一个支持增量操作的栈

请你设计一个支持下述操作的栈。

实现自定义栈类 CustomStack

  • CustomStack(int maxSize):用 maxSize 初始化对象,maxSize 是栈中最多能容纳的元素数量,栈在增长到 maxSize 之后则不支持 push 操作。
  • void push(int x):如果栈还未增长到 maxSize ,就将 x 添加到栈顶。
  • int pop():弹出栈顶元素,并返回栈顶的值,或栈为空时返回 -1
  • void inc(int k, int val):栈底的 k 个元素的值都增加 val 。如果栈中元素总数小于 k ,则栈中的所有元素都增加 val

示例:

输入:
["CustomStack","push","push","pop","push","push","push","increment","increment","pop","pop","pop","pop"]
[[3],[1],[2],[],[2],[3],[4],[5,100],[2,100],[],[],[],[]]
输出:
[null,null,null,2,null,null,null,null,null,103,202,201,-1]
解释:
CustomStack customStack = new CustomStack(3); // 栈是空的 []
customStack.push(1);                          // 栈变为 [1]
customStack.push(2);                          // 栈变为 [1, 2]
customStack.pop();                            // 返回 2 --> 返回栈顶值 2,栈变为 [1]
customStack.push(2);                          // 栈变为 [1, 2]
customStack.push(3);                          // 栈变为 [1, 2, 3]
customStack.push(4);                          // 栈仍然是 [1, 2, 3],不能添加其他元素使栈大小变为 4
customStack.increment(5, 100);                // 栈变为 [101, 102, 103]
customStack.increment(2, 100);                // 栈变为 [201, 202, 103]
customStack.pop();                            // 返回 103 --> 返回栈顶值 103,栈变为 [201, 202]
customStack.pop();                            // 返回 202 --> 返回栈顶值 202,栈变为 [201]
customStack.pop();                            // 返回 201 --> 返回栈顶值 201,栈变为 []
customStack.pop();                            // 返回 -1 --> 栈为空,返回 -1

提示:

  • 1 <= maxSize <= 1000
  • 1 <= x <= 1000
  • 1 <= k <= 1000
  • 0 <= val <= 100
  • 每种方法 incrementpush 以及 pop 分别最多调用 1000

题解 (Rust)

1. 题解

struct CustomStack {
    stack: Vec<i32>,
    max_size: usize,
}


/** 
 * `&self` means the method takes an immutable reference.
 * If you need a mutable reference, change it to `&mut self` instead.
 */
impl CustomStack {

    fn new(maxSize: i32) -> Self {
        Self {
            stack: Vec::with_capacity(maxSize as usize),
            max_size: maxSize as usize,
        }
    }

    fn push(&mut self, x: i32) {
        if self.stack.len() < self.max_size {
            self.stack.push(x);
        }
    }

    fn pop(&mut self) -> i32 {
        self.stack.pop().unwrap_or(-1)
    }

    fn increment(&mut self, k: i32, val: i32) {
        for i in 0..(k as usize).min(self.stack.len()) {
            self.stack[i] += val;
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Your CustomStack object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * let obj = CustomStack::new(maxSize);
 * obj.push(x);
 * let ret_2: i32 = obj.pop();
 * obj.increment(k, val);
 */