diff --git a/Lib/tempfile.py b/Lib/tempfile.py
index 0eb9ddeb6ac377..cadb0bed3cce3b 100644
--- a/Lib/tempfile.py
+++ b/Lib/tempfile.py
@@ -868,10 +868,14 @@ def write(self, s):
         return rv
 
     def writelines(self, iterable):
-        file = self._file
-        rv = file.writelines(iterable)
-        self._check(file)
-        return rv
+        if self._max_size == 0 or self._rolled:
+            return self._file.writelines(iterable)
+
+        it = iter(iterable)
+        for line in it:
+            self.write(line)
+            if self._rolled:
+                return self._file.writelines(it)
 
     def detach(self):
         return self._file.detach()
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_tempfile.py b/Lib/test/test_tempfile.py
index 7adc021d298254..d46d3c0f040601 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_tempfile.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_tempfile.py
@@ -1284,6 +1284,34 @@ def test_writelines(self):
         buf = f.read()
         self.assertEqual(buf, b'xyz')
 
+    def test_writelines_rollover(self):
+        # Verify writelines rolls over before exhausting the iterator
+        f = self.do_create(max_size=2)
+
+        def it():
+            yield b'xy'
+            self.assertFalse(f._rolled)
+            yield b'z'
+            self.assertTrue(f._rolled)
+
+        f.writelines(it())
+        pos = f.seek(0)
+        self.assertEqual(pos, 0)
+        buf = f.read()
+        self.assertEqual(buf, b'xyz')
+
+    def test_writelines_fast_path(self):
+        f = self.do_create(max_size=2)
+        f.write(b'abc')
+        self.assertTrue(f._rolled)
+
+        f.writelines([b'd', b'e', b'f'])
+        pos = f.seek(0)
+        self.assertEqual(pos, 0)
+        buf = f.read()
+        self.assertEqual(buf, b'abcdef')
+
+
     def test_writelines_sequential(self):
         # A SpooledTemporaryFile should hold exactly max_size bytes, and roll
         # over afterward
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2024-11-28-20-29-21.gh-issue-127371.PeEhUd.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2024-11-28-20-29-21.gh-issue-127371.PeEhUd.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..029c348918e0d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2024-11-28-20-29-21.gh-issue-127371.PeEhUd.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Avoid unbounded buffering for :meth:`!tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile.writelines`.
+Previously, disk spillover was only checked after the lines iterator had been
+exhausted. This is now done after each line is written.