graphics.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include "graphics.h"
#include "leader_board.h"


/* window, renderer, and font are global so every function can access them without having to pass them in */
SDL_Window *win;
SDL_Renderer *rend;
TTF_Font *font;

/* init_graphics: initializes SDL, font, window, and renderer with checks for errors */
int init_graphics(void)
{
    if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) != 0) {
        printf("error initializing SDL: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        return 1;
    }

    if(TTF_Init()==-1) {
    printf("TTF_Init: %s\n", TTF_GetError());
    SDL_Quit();
    return 1;
    }

    font = TTF_OpenFont("resources/FiraCode-Regular.ttf", 20);

    // create a window
    win = SDL_CreateWindow("Pong: Hard Mode!",
                                        SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
                                        SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
                                        WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, 0);
    if (!win) {
        printf("error creating window: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        SDL_Quit();
        return 1;
    }

    // create a renderer
    Uint32 render_flags = SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED | SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC;
    rend = SDL_CreateRenderer(win, -1, render_flags);
    if (!rend) {
        printf("error creating renderer: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        SDL_DestroyWindow(win);
        SDL_Quit();
        return 1;
    }

    return 0;
}

/* make_texture_img: creates a texture from a path to an image */
SDL_Texture *make_texture_img(char *img)
{
    /* Creates an SDL_Surface from img, creates texture from surface,
       checks for errors, and returns the finished texture */
    SDL_Surface *surface = IMG_Load(img);
    if (!surface) {
        printf("error creating paddle_surface\n");
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(rend);
        SDL_DestroyWindow(win);
        SDL_Quit();
        return NULL; // not sure if this is the correct return value
    }

    SDL_Texture *tex = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(rend, surface);
    SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
    if (!tex) {
        printf("error creating paddle_texture: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(rend);
        SDL_DestroyWindow(win);
        SDL_Quit();
        return NULL;
    }

    return tex;
}

/* make_texture: creates a texture from a string */
SDL_Texture *make_texture_str(char *str)
{
    SDL_Color color = {255, 255, 255};

    SDL_Surface *surface = TTF_RenderText_Blended(font, str, color);
    if (!surface) {
        if (strcmp(str, "") == 0) {
            return NULL;
        } else {
            printf("error creating surface\n");
            SDL_DestroyRenderer(rend);
            SDL_DestroyWindow(win);
            SDL_Quit();
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    SDL_Texture *tex = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(rend, surface);
    SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
    if (!tex) {
        printf("error creating texture: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(rend);
        SDL_DestroyWindow(win);
        SDL_Quit();
        return NULL;
    }
    return tex;
}



/* make_textbox: returns an SDL_Rect with the supplied characteristics. Optional args are available for a centered textbox */
SDL_Rect make_textbox(SDL_Texture *tex, int x, int y, float scale, int args)
{
    SDL_Rect rect;
    SDL_QueryTexture(tex, NULL, NULL, &rect.w, &rect.h);
    rect.w *= scale;
    rect.h *= scale;
    if ((args ^ 0x01) == 0) {
        rect.x = (WINDOW_WIDTH / 2) - (rect.w / 2);
        rect.y = y;
        return rect;
    } else if ((args ^ 0x02) == 0) {
        rect.x = x;
        rect.y = (WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2) - (rect.h / 2);
        return rect;
    } else if ((args ^ 0x03) == 0) {
        rect.x = (WINDOW_WIDTH / 2) - (rect.w / 2);
        rect.y = (WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2) - (rect.h / 2);
        return rect;
    }

    rect.x = x;
    rect.y = y;
    return rect;

    return rect;
}

/* start_screen: main animation loop for rendering the start screen. When the player hits enter, the function returns, and the next screen can be rendered */
int start_screen(void)
{
    SDL_Texture *title_texture = make_texture_str("Pong: Hard Mode");
    SDL_Rect title_rect = make_textbox(title_texture, 0, WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2, 2, CENTERED_X | CENTERED_Y);

    SDL_Texture *prompt_texture = make_texture_str("Press ENTER to start");
    SDL_Rect prompt_rect = make_textbox(prompt_texture, 0, WINDOW_HEIGHT / 1.5, 1, CENTERED_X);

    bool close_requested = false;
    while (!close_requested) {
        // process events
        SDL_Event event;
        while (SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
            switch (event.type) {
                case SDL_QUIT:
                    /* returning 1 causes program to shut down */
                    return 1;
                case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                    switch (event.key.keysym.scancode) {
                        case SDL_SCANCODE_RETURN:
                            close_requested = true;
                            break;
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }

        SDL_RenderClear(rend);
        SDL_RenderCopy(rend, title_texture, NULL, &title_rect);
        SDL_RenderCopy(rend, prompt_texture, NULL, &prompt_rect);
        SDL_RenderPresent(rend);
        SDL_Delay(1000/60);
    }
    SDL_DestroyTexture(title_texture);
    SDL_DestroyTexture(prompt_texture);
    return 0;
}

/* username_screen: prompts the user for a name to later write. The text is updated when the user adds characters or deletes characters. Pressing enter confirms their username choice and returns */
int username_screen(char *username)
{
    /* must pass in a char array for the username to avoid conflicts */
    SDL_Texture *prompt_texture= make_texture_str("Enter a username");
    SDL_Rect prompt_rect = make_textbox(prompt_texture, 0, WINDOW_HEIGHT / 4, 2, CENTERED_X);

    SDL_StartTextInput();
    bool close_requested = false;
    while (!close_requested) {
        // process events
        SDL_Event event;
        while (SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
            switch (event.type) {
                case SDL_QUIT:
                    /* returning 1 causes program to shut down */
                    return 1;
                case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                    if (event.key.keysym.scancode == SDL_SCANCODE_BACKSPACE && strlen(username) > 0) {
                        username[strlen(username)-1] = '\0';
                    }
                    if (event.key.keysym.scancode == SDL_SCANCODE_RETURN)
                        close_requested = true;
                    break;
                case SDL_TEXTINPUT:
                    if (strlen(username) + strlen(event.text.text) < 15)
                        strncat(username, event.text.text, 15);
                    break;
            }
        }
        SDL_Texture *username_texture = make_texture_str(username);
        SDL_Rect username_rect = make_textbox(username_texture, 0, WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2, 1.5, CENTERED_X);
        SDL_RenderClear(rend);
        SDL_RenderCopy(rend, prompt_texture, NULL, &prompt_rect);
        SDL_RenderCopy(rend, username_texture, NULL, &username_rect);
        SDL_RenderPresent(rend);
        SDL_Delay(1000/60);
        SDL_DestroyTexture(username_texture);
    }
    SDL_StopTextInput();
    SDL_DestroyTexture(prompt_texture);
    return 0;
}

/* leader_board_screen: reads all user data from the file as an array of strings, sorts the strings based on their score, concatenates each string, then renders it to the screen */
int leader_board_screen(void)
{
    /* render heading */
    SDL_Texture *heading_texture = make_texture_str("Leaderboard");
    SDL_Rect heading_rect = make_textbox(heading_texture, 0, 10, 2, CENTERED_X);

    int num_lines;
    char **user_data = read_user_data("resources/data.txt", &num_lines);
    user_data = sort_user_data(user_data, num_lines);
    /* now that they are sorted, the strings can be concatenated */
    /* first, find number of characters to allocate to the string. */
    int num_chars = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < num_lines && i < 16; i++)
        num_chars += strlen(user_data[i]);
    char *leader_board_text = malloc(num_chars * sizeof(char));
    if (leader_board_text == NULL) {
        printf("malloc of leader_board_text failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    leader_board_text = user_data[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < num_lines && i < 16; i++)
        strcat(leader_board_text, user_data[i]);

    SDL_Color color = {255, 255, 255};

    SDL_Surface *surface = TTF_RenderText_Blended_Wrapped(font, leader_board_text, color, WINDOW_WIDTH / 4);
    if (!surface) {
        printf("error creating leader_board surface\n");
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(rend);
        SDL_DestroyWindow(win);
        SDL_Quit();
    }

    SDL_Texture *leader_board_texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(rend, surface);
    SDL_FreeSurface(surface);

    SDL_Rect leader_board_rect = make_textbox(leader_board_texture, 0, WINDOW_HEIGHT/8, 1, CENTERED_X);

    bool close_requested = false;
    while (!close_requested) {
        // process events
        SDL_Event event;
        while (SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
            switch (event.type) {
                case SDL_QUIT:
                    /* if the function returns 1, the entire program will shut down */
                    return 1;
                case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                    switch (event.key.keysym.scancode) {
                        case SDL_SCANCODE_RETURN:
                            close_requested = true;
                            break;
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }

        SDL_RenderClear(rend);
        SDL_RenderCopy(rend, leader_board_texture, NULL, &leader_board_rect);
        SDL_RenderCopy(rend, heading_texture, NULL, &heading_rect);
        SDL_RenderPresent(rend);
        SDL_Delay(1000/60);
    }
    SDL_DestroyTexture(leader_board_texture);
    SDL_DestroyTexture(heading_texture);
    return 0;
}