diff --git a/.github/workflows/cargo.yml b/.github/workflows/cargo.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..218bf99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/cargo.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+name: cargo
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main, develop]
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize]
+
+env:
+  RUST_LOG: debug
+  RUST_BACKTRACE: "1"
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+
+jobs:
+  linters:
+    name: Contract - Linters
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        target:
+          - fmt
+          - check
+          - clippy
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 2
+
+      - name: Set up Clang
+        uses: egor-tensin/setup-clang@v1
+        with:
+          version: 17
+
+      - name: Setup up Rust
+        run: |
+          rustup target add riscv64imac-unknown-none-elf
+
+      - name: Run Command
+        run: |
+          make -f contracts.mk ${{ matrix.target }}
+          if [ "${{ magrix.target }}" = "fmt" ]; then
+            git diff --exit-code .
+          fi
+
+  build-and-test:
+    name: Contract - Build and Test
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 2
+
+      - name: Set up Clang
+        uses: egor-tensin/setup-clang@v1
+        with:
+          version: 17
+
+      - name: Setup up Rust
+        run: |
+          rustup target add riscv64imac-unknown-none-elf
+
+      - name: Build & Test
+        run: make contract
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/pnpm.yml
similarity index 92%
rename from .github/workflows/ci.yml
rename to .github/workflows/pnpm.yml
index af94339..08f05ce 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pnpm.yml
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
-name: CI
+name: pnpm
 
 on:
   push:
+    branches: [main, develop]
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize]
 
 jobs:
-  build:
-    name: Build and Test
+  pnpm:
+    name: pnpm
     timeout-minutes: 15
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 7f42068..ecb7271 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 /migrations/joyid
 /migrations/omnilock
 
+# Contract
+/target
+/contracts/__tests__/failed_txs
+
 # CKB
 /ckb-miner.toml
 /ckb.toml
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ef9d41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,1374 @@
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+checksum = "83080e2c2fc1006e625be82e5d1eb6a43b7fd9578b617fcc55814daf286bba4b"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "semver"
+version = "1.0.21"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
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+
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+ "serde_derive",
+]
+
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+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.48",
+]
+
+[[package]]
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+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
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+ "itoa",
+ "ryu",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "siphasher"
+version = "0.3.11"
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+ "quote",
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+]
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+[[package]]
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+ "quote",
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
+
+[[package]]
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+version = "0.1.0"
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+ "ckb-testtool",
+ "serde_json",
+]
+
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+]
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+ "syn 2.0.48",
+]
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+ "same-file",
+ "winapi-util",
+]
+
+[[package]]
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+version = "0.9.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
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+dependencies = [
+ "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu",
+ "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu"
+version = "0.4.0"
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+ "winapi",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
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+dependencies = [
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc",
+ "windows_i686_gnu",
+ "windows_i686_msvc",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
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+
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+[[package]]
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+
+[[package]]
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+[[package]]
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+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b7b52767868a23d5bab768e390dc5f5c55825b6d30b86c844ff2dc7414044cc"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ed94fce61571a4006852b7389a063ab983c02eb1bb37b47f8272ce92d06d9538"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea0b5d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[workspace]
+resolver = "2"
+
+members = [
+  # Please don't remove the following line, we use it to automatically
+  # detect insertion point for newly generated crates.
+  # @@INSERTION_POINT@@
+  "contracts/dao-action-verifier",
+  "contracts/__tests__",
+]
+
+[profile.release]
+overflow-checks = true
+strip = true
+codegen-units = 1
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4db131e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+all: web contract
+
+web:
+	pnpm lint
+	pnpm test
+
+contract:
+	make -f contracts.mk build
+	make CARGO_ARGS="-- --nocapture" -f contracts.mk test
+
+.PHONY: all web contract
diff --git a/contracts.mk b/contracts.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11fd78b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+# We cannot use $(shell pwd), which will return unix path format on Windows,
+# making it hard to use.
+cur_dir = $(dir $(abspath $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))))
+
+TOP := $(dir $(cur_dir))
+# RUSTFLAGS that are likely to be tweaked by developers. For example,
+# while we enable debug logs by default here, some might want to strip them
+# for minimal code size / consumed cycles.
+CUSTOM_RUSTFLAGS := --cfg debug_assertions
+# Additional cargo args to append here. For example, one can use
+# make test CARGO_ARGS="-- --nocapture" so as to inspect data emitted to
+# stdout in unit tests
+CARGO_ARGS :=
+MODE := release
+# Tweak this to change the clang version to use for building C code. By default
+# we use a bash script with somes heuristics to find clang in current system.
+CLANG := $(shell $(TOP)/scripts/find_clang)
+# When this is set, a single contract will be built instead of all contracts
+CONTRACT :=
+# By default, we would clean build/{release,debug} folder first, in case old
+# contracts are mixed together with new ones, if for some reason you want to
+# revert this behavior, you can change this to anything other than true
+CLEAN_BUILD_DIR_FIRST := true
+BUILD_DIR := build/$(MODE)
+
+# Pass setups to child make processes
+export CUSTOM_RUSTFLAGS
+export TOP
+export CARGO_ARGS
+export MODE
+export CLANG
+export BUILD_DIR
+
+default: build test
+
+build:
+	@if [ "x$(CLEAN_BUILD_DIR_FIRST)" = "xtrue" ]; then \
+		echo "Cleaning $(BUILD_DIR) directory..."; \
+		rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR); \
+	fi
+	mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	@set -eu; \
+	if [ "x$(CONTRACT)" = "x" ]; then \
+		for contract in $(wildcard contracts/*); do \
+			if [ -f $$contract/Makefile ]; then \
+				$(MAKE) -e -C $$contract build; \
+			fi; \
+		done; \
+	else \
+		$(MAKE) -e -C contracts/$(CONTRACT) build; \
+	fi
+
+# Run a single make task for a specific contract. For example:
+#
+# make run CONTRACT=stack-reorder TASK=adjust_stack_size STACK_SIZE=0x200000
+TASK :=
+run:
+	$(MAKE) -e -C contracts/$(CONTRACT) $(TASK)
+
+# test, check, clippy and fmt here are provided for completeness,
+# there is nothing wrong invoking cargo directly instead of make.
+test:
+	cargo test $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+check:
+	cargo check $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+clippy:
+	cargo clippy $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+fmt:
+	cargo fmt $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+# Arbitrary cargo command is supported here. For example:
+#
+# make cargo CARGO_CMD=expand CARGO_ARGS="--ugly"
+# 
+# Invokes:
+# cargo expand --ugly
+CARGO_CMD :=
+cargo:
+	cargo $(CARGO_CMD) $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf build
+	cargo clean
+
+TEMPLATE_TYPE := --git
+TEMPLATE_REPO := https://github.com/xxuejie/ckb-script-templates
+CRATE :=
+TEMPLATE := contract
+DESTINATION := contracts
+generate:
+	@set -eu; \
+	if [ "x$(CRATE)" = "x" ]; then \
+		cargo generate $(TEMPLATE_TYPE) $(TEMPLATE_REPO) $(TEMPLATE) \
+			--destination $(DESTINATION); \
+		echo "Please update workspace-level Cargo.toml so members include the newly created crate!"; \
+	else \
+		cargo generate $(TEMPLATE_TYPE) $(TEMPLATE_REPO) $(TEMPLATE) \
+			--destination $(DESTINATION) \
+			--name $(CRATE); \
+		sed '/@@INSERTION_POINT@@/s/$$/\n  "$(DESTINATION)\/$(CRATE)",/' Cargo.toml > Cargo.toml.new; \
+		mv Cargo.toml.new Cargo.toml; \
+	fi
+
+prepare:
+	rustup target add riscv64imac-unknown-none-elf
+
+# Generate checksum info for reproducible build
+CHECKSUM_FILE := build/checksums-$(MODE).txt
+checksum: build
+	sha256sum build/$(MODE)/* > $(CHECKSUM_FILE)
+
+.PHONY: build test check clippy fmt cargo clean prepare checksum
diff --git a/contracts/.gitignore b/contracts/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ff4f2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+/build
+/target
+/tests/failed_txs
diff --git a/contracts/__tests__/Cargo.toml b/contracts/__tests__/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58e8251
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts/__tests__/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[package]
+name = "tests"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+ckb-testtool = "0.10.1"
+serde_json = "1.0"
diff --git a/contracts/__tests__/src/lib.rs b/contracts/__tests__/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53fb2ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts/__tests__/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+use ckb_testtool::{
+    ckb_error::Error,
+    ckb_types::{
+        bytes::Bytes,
+        core::{Cycle, TransactionView},
+    },
+    context::Context,
+};
+use std::env;
+use std::fs;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
+
+// The exact same Loader code from capsule's template, except that
+// now we use MODE as the environment variable
+const TEST_ENV_VAR: &str = "MODE";
+
+pub enum TestEnv {
+    Debug,
+    Release,
+}
+
+impl FromStr for TestEnv {
+    type Err = &'static str;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        match s.to_lowercase().as_str() {
+            "debug" => Ok(TestEnv::Debug),
+            "release" => Ok(TestEnv::Release),
+            _ => Err("no match"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct Loader(PathBuf);
+
+impl Default for Loader {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        let test_env = match env::var(TEST_ENV_VAR) {
+            Ok(val) => val.parse().expect("test env"),
+            Err(_) => TestEnv::Release,
+        };
+        Self::with_test_env(test_env)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Loader {
+    fn with_test_env(env: TestEnv) -> Self {
+        let load_prefix = match env {
+            TestEnv::Debug => "debug",
+            TestEnv::Release => "release",
+        };
+        let mut base_path = match env::var("TOP") {
+            Ok(val) => {
+                let mut base_path: PathBuf = val.into();
+                base_path.push("build");
+                base_path
+            }
+            Err(_) => {
+                let mut base_path = PathBuf::new();
+                // cargo may use a different cwd when running tests, for example:
+                // when running debug in vscode, it will use workspace root as cwd by default,
+                // when running test by `cargo test`, it will use tests directory as cwd,
+                // so we need a fallback path
+                base_path.push("build");
+                if !base_path.exists() {
+                    base_path.pop();
+                    base_path.push("..");
+                    base_path.push("build");
+                }
+                base_path
+            }
+        };
+
+        base_path.push(load_prefix);
+        Loader(base_path)
+    }
+
+    pub fn load_binary(&self, name: &str) -> Bytes {
+        let mut path = self.0.clone();
+        path.push(name);
+        let result = fs::read(&path);
+        if result.is_err() {
+            panic!("Binary {:?} is missing!", path);
+        }
+        result.unwrap().into()
+    }
+}
+
+// This helper method runs Context::verify_tx, but in case error happens,
+// it also dumps current transaction to failed_txs folder.
+pub fn verify_and_dump_failed_tx(
+    context: &Context,
+    tx: &TransactionView,
+    max_cycles: u64,
+) -> Result<Cycle, Error> {
+    let result = context.verify_tx(tx, max_cycles);
+    if result.is_err() {
+        let mut path = env::current_dir().expect("current dir");
+        path.push("failed_txs");
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&path).expect("create failed_txs dir");
+        let mock_tx = context.dump_tx(tx).expect("dump failed tx");
+        let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&mock_tx).expect("json");
+        path.push(format!("0x{:x}.json", tx.hash()));
+        println!("Failed tx written to {:?}", path);
+        std::fs::write(path, json).expect("write");
+    }
+    result
+}
diff --git a/contracts/__tests__/src/tests.rs b/contracts/__tests__/src/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c039d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts/__tests__/src/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// Include your tests here
+// See https://github.com/xxuejie/ckb-native-build-sample/blob/main/tests/src/tests.rs for examples
diff --git a/contracts/dao-action-verifier/.gitignore b/contracts/dao-action-verifier/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3dca1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts/dao-action-verifier/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/build
+/target
diff --git a/contracts/dao-action-verifier/Cargo.toml b/contracts/dao-action-verifier/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..756bbc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts/dao-action-verifier/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[package]
+name = "dao-action-verifier"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+ckb-std = { version = "0.14.3", default-features = false, features = [
+  "build-with-clang",
+  "ckb-types",
+  "allocator",
+] }
diff --git a/contracts/dao-action-verifier/Makefile b/contracts/dao-action-verifier/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d58cc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts/dao-action-verifier/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# We cannot use $(shell pwd), which will return unix path format on Windows,
+# making it hard to use.
+cur_dir = $(dir $(abspath $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))))
+
+TOP := $(cur_dir)
+# RUSTFLAGS that are likely to be tweaked by developers. For example,
+# while we enable debug logs by default here, some might want to strip them
+# for minimal code size / consumed cycles.
+CUSTOM_RUSTFLAGS := --cfg debug_assertions
+# RUSTFLAGS that are less likely to be tweaked by developers. Most likely
+# one would want to keep the default values here.
+FULL_RUSTFLAGS := -C target-feature=+zba,+zbb,+zbc,+zbs $(CUSTOM_RUSTFLAGS)
+# Additional cargo args to append here. For example, one can use
+# make test CARGO_ARGS="-- --nocapture" so as to inspect data emitted to
+# stdout in unit tests
+CARGO_ARGS :=
+MODE := release
+# Tweak this to change the clang version to use for building C code. By default
+# we use a bash script with somes heuristics to find clang in current system.
+CLANG := $(shell $(TOP)/scripts/find_clang)
+# When this is set to some value, the generated binaries will be copied over
+BUILD_DIR :=
+# Generated binaries to copy. By convention, a Rust crate's directory name will
+# likely match the crate name, which is also the name of the final binary.
+# However if this is not the case, you can tweak this variable. As the name hints,
+# more than one binary is supported here.
+BINARIES := $(notdir $(shell pwd))
+
+ifeq (release,$(MODE))
+	MODE_ARGS := --release
+endif
+
+default: build test
+
+build:
+	RUSTFLAGS="$(FULL_RUSTFLAGS)" TARGET_CC="$(CLANG)" \
+		cargo build --target=riscv64imac-unknown-none-elf $(MODE_ARGS) $(CARGO_ARGS)
+	@set -eu; \
+	if [ "x$(BUILD_DIR)" != "x" ]; then \
+		for binary in $(BINARIES); do \
+			echo "Copying binary $$binary to build directory"; \
+			cp $(TOP)/target/riscv64imac-unknown-none-elf/$(MODE)/$$binary $(TOP)/$(BUILD_DIR); \
+		done \
+	fi
+
+# test, check, clippy and fmt here are provided for completeness,
+# there is nothing wrong invoking cargo directly instead of make.
+test:
+	cargo test $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+check:
+	cargo check $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+clippy:
+	cargo clippy $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+fmt:
+	cargo fmt $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+# Arbitrary cargo command is supported here. For example:
+#
+# make cargo CARGO_CMD=expand CARGO_ARGS="--ugly"
+# 
+# Invokes:
+# cargo expand --ugly
+CARGO_CMD :=
+cargo:
+	cargo $(CARGO_CMD) $(CARGO_ARGS)
+
+clean:
+	cargo clean
+
+prepare:
+	rustup target add riscv64imac-unknown-none-elf
+
+.PHONY: build test check clippy fmt cargo clean prepare
diff --git a/contracts/dao-action-verifier/src/main.rs b/contracts/dao-action-verifier/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b113f55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contracts/dao-action-verifier/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
+
+#[cfg(any(not(target_arch = "riscv64"), test))]
+extern crate alloc;
+
+#[cfg(all(target_arch = "riscv64", not(test)))]
+use ckb_std::default_alloc;
+#[cfg(all(target_arch = "riscv64", not(test)))]
+ckb_std::entry!(program_entry);
+#[cfg(all(target_arch = "riscv64", not(test)))]
+default_alloc!();
+
+pub fn program_entry() -> i8 {
+    ckb_std::debug!("This is a sample contract!");
+
+    0
+}
diff --git a/scripts/find_clang b/scripts/find_clang
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6994c9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/find_clang
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# An utility script used to find a binary of clang 16+
+
+if [[ -n "${CLANG}" ]]; then
+  echo "${CLANG}"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+CANDIDATES=("clang" "clang-16" "clang-17")
+
+BREW_PREFIX=$(brew --prefix 2> /dev/null)
+if [[ -n "${BREW_PREFIX}" ]]; then
+  CANDIDATES+=(
+    "${BREW_PREFIX}/opt/llvm/bin/clang"
+    "${BREW_PREFIX}/opt/llvm@16/bin/clang"
+    "${BREW_PREFIX}/opt/llvm@17/bin/clang"
+  )
+fi
+
+for candidate in ${CANDIDATES[@]}; do
+  OUTPUT=$($candidate -dumpversion 2> /dev/null | cut -d'.' -f 1)
+
+  if [[ $((OUTPUT)) -ge 16 ]]; then
+    echo "$candidate"
+    exit 0
+  fi
+done
+
+>&2 echo "Cannot find clang of version 16+!"
+exit 1