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kubectl-for-docker.md

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Kubectl for Docker Beginners

Kubectl is a command line interface for running commands against Kubernetes clusters. kubectl looks for a file named config in the $HOME/.kube directory. You can specify other kubeconfig files by setting the $KUBECONFIG environment variable or by setting the --kubeconfig flag.

Example: Running Nginx Service

PWD:

docker run -d --restart=always -e DOMAIN=cluster --name nginx-app -p 80:80 nginx

[node4 ~]$ docker exec -it 9dc env
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
HOSTNAME=9dc0816328dcTERM=xterm
DOMAIN=cluster
NGINX_VERSION=1.17.6
NJS_VERSION=0.3.7
PKG_RELEASE=1~buster
HOME=/root

PWK:

Start the pod running nginx

kubectl run --image=nginx nginx-app --port=80 --env="DOMAIN=cluster"

Accessing the app on browser

kubectl port-forward nginx-app 80:80

Expose a port through with a service

kubectl expose deployment nginx-app --port=80 --name=nginx-http

[node1 replicaset101]$ kubectl get po,svc,deploy
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/nginx-app-7c58988fb9-sckpd   1/1     Running   0          3m12s
pod/portainer-8586dccbb5-x66vk   1/1     Running   1          49m

NAME                 TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP      10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        53m
service/nginx-http   ClusterIP      10.108.29.166   <none>        80/TCP         2m11s
service/portainer    LoadBalancer   10.98.58.121    <pending>     80:32001/TCP   49m

NAME                              READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.extensions/nginx-app   1/1     1            1           3m15s
deployment.extensions/portainer   1/1     1            1           49m
[node1 replicaset101]$ curl 10.108.29.166:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

Example: Listing Containers Vs Pods

PWD

docker ps -a

PWK

kubectl get po

Example: Attach a process that is already running in a container

docker ps
docker attach <containerid>

kubectl get pods
NAME              READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-app-5jyvm   1/1       Running   0          10m

kubectl attach -it nginx-app-5jyvm
...

Example: To execute a command in a container,

PWD

docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
55c103fa1296        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   nginx-app

docker exec 55c103fa1296 cat /etc/hostname
55c103fa1296

PWK

kubectl get po
NAME              READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-app-5jyvm   1/1       Running   0          10m

kubectl exec nginx-app-5jyvm -- cat /etc/hostname
nginx-app-5jyvm

Example: To use interactive commands.

PWD

docker exec -ti 55c103fa1296 /bin/sh
# exit

PWK

kubectl exec -ti nginx-app-5jyvm -- /bin/sh      
# exit

Example: To follow stdout/stderr of a process that is running

PWD

docker logs -f a9e
192.168.9.1 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:04:02 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.35.0" "-"
192.168.9.1 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:04:03 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.35.0" "-"

PWK

kubectl logs -f nginx-app-zibvs
10.240.63.110 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:09:01 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.26.0" "-"
10.240.63.110 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:09:02 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.26.0" "-"

kubectl logs --previous nginx-app-zibvs
10.240.63.110 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:09:01 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.26.0" "-"
10.240.63.110 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:09:02 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.26.0" "-"

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