diff --git a/internal/conveyor/conveyor.go b/internal/conveyor/conveyor.go
index 1d1dcd5bf..cf36d1d48 100644
--- a/internal/conveyor/conveyor.go
+++ b/internal/conveyor/conveyor.go
@@ -259,13 +259,17 @@ func (c *Conveyor) metrics(ctx *stopper.Context) {
 		max := resolvedMaxTimestamp.WithLabelValues(labels...)
 		sourceLag := sourceLagDuration.WithLabelValues(labels...)
 		targetLag := targetLagDuration.WithLabelValues(labels...)
+		sourceLagHist := sourceLagHist.WithLabelValues(labels...)
+		targetLagHist := targetLagHist.WithLabelValues(labels...)
 		_, err := stopvar.DoWhenChangedOrInterval(ctx,
 			hlc.RangeEmpty(), &c.resolvingRange, tick,
 			func(ctx *stopper.Context, _, new hlc.Range) error {
 				min.Set(float64(new.Min().Nanos()) / 1e9)
 				targetLag.Set(float64(time.Now().UnixNano()-new.Min().Nanos()) / 1e9)
+				targetLagHist.Observe(float64(time.Now().UnixNano()-new.Min().Nanos()) / 1e9)
 				max.Set(float64(new.MaxInclusive().Nanos()) / 1e9)
 				sourceLag.Set(float64(time.Now().UnixNano()-new.MaxInclusive().Nanos()) / 1e9)
+				sourceLagHist.Observe(float64(time.Now().UnixNano()-new.MaxInclusive().Nanos()) / 1e9)
 				return nil
 			})
 		return err
diff --git a/internal/conveyor/metrics.go b/internal/conveyor/metrics.go
index 4aa80174f..76b3955c4 100644
--- a/internal/conveyor/metrics.go
+++ b/internal/conveyor/metrics.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package conveyor
 
 import (
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/replicator/internal/util/metrics"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promauto"
 )
@@ -38,10 +39,20 @@ var (
 		Name: "source_lag_seconds",
 		Help: "the age of the most recently received checkpoint",
 	}, []string{"kind", "target"})
+	sourceLagHist = promauto.NewHistogramVec(prometheus.HistogramOpts{
+		Name:    "source_lag_hist",
+		Buckets: metrics.LatencyBuckets,
+		Help:    "the age of the most recently received checkpoint",
+	}, []string{"kind", "target"})
 	targetLagDuration = promauto.NewGaugeVec(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
 		Name: "target_lag_seconds",
 		Help: "the age of the data applied to the table",
 	}, []string{"kind", "target"})
+	targetLagHist = promauto.NewHistogramVec(prometheus.HistogramOpts{
+		Name:    "target_lag_hist",
+		Buckets: metrics.LatencyBuckets,
+		Help:    "the age of the data applied to the table",
+	}, []string{"kind", "target"})
 	resolvedMinTimestamp = promauto.NewGaugeVec(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
 		Name: "target_applied_timestamp_seconds",
 		Help: "the wall time of the most recent applied resolved timestamp",
diff --git a/internal/sequencer/core/round.go b/internal/sequencer/core/round.go
index 292d3e4f5..deac6839a 100644
--- a/internal/sequencer/core/round.go
+++ b/internal/sequencer/core/round.go
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ func (r *round) scheduleCommit(
 		// retried, mark them as poisoned.
 		if r.targetPool.IsDeferrable(err) {
 			finalReport = false
+			log.WithError(err).Error("deferred event")
 			return lockset.RetryAtHead(err).Or(func() {
 				r.poisoned.MarkPoisoned(r.batch)
 				close(progressReport)
diff --git a/internal/staging/stage/gzip.go b/internal/staging/stage/gzip.go
index 73e2dba26..abd3187b0 100644
--- a/internal/staging/stage/gzip.go
+++ b/internal/staging/stage/gzip.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"compress/gzip"
 	"io"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 )
@@ -29,6 +30,20 @@ import (
 // with some benefit for tables that have very wide rows or values.
 const gzipMinSize = 1024
 
+// Create a sync.Pool for gzip.Writer instances
+var gzipWriterPool = sync.Pool{
+	New: func() interface{} {
+		return gzip.NewWriter(nil)
+	},
+}
+
+// Create a sync.Pool for gzip.Reader instances
+var gzipReaderPool = sync.Pool{
+	New: func() interface{} {
+		return &gzip.Reader{}
+	},
+}
+
 // maybeGZip compresses the given data if it is larger than gzipMinSize.
 func maybeGZip(data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	if len(data) <= gzipMinSize {
@@ -36,7 +51,10 @@ func maybeGZip(data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	}
 
 	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	gzWriter := gzip.NewWriter(&buf)
+	gzWriter := gzipWriterPool.Get().(*gzip.Writer)
+	gzWriter.Reset(&buf)
+	defer gzipWriterPool.Put(gzWriter)
+
 	if _, err := gzWriter.Write(data); err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.WithStack(err)
 	}
@@ -55,9 +73,13 @@ func maybeGunzip(data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	if len(data) < 2 || data[0] != 0x1f || data[1] != 0x8b {
 		return data, nil
 	}
-	r, err := gzip.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data))
+
+	gzReader := gzipReaderPool.Get().(*gzip.Reader)
+	defer gzipReaderPool.Put(gzReader)
+	err := gzReader.Reset(bytes.NewReader(data))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.WithStack(err)
 	}
-	return io.ReadAll(r)
+	defer gzReader.Close()
+	return io.ReadAll(gzReader)
 }
diff --git a/internal/target/apply/apply.go b/internal/target/apply/apply.go
index 70eceaecb..44210d516 100644
--- a/internal/target/apply/apply.go
+++ b/internal/target/apply/apply.go
@@ -820,6 +820,14 @@ func toDBType(colData *types.ColData, value any) (any, error) {
 		// exceeds the precision or scale for the target column.
 		return removeExponent(num).String(), nil
 	}
+
+	// if boolVal, ok := value.(bool); ok {
+	// 	if boolVal {
+	// 		return "true", nil
+	// 	}
+	// 	return "false", nil
+	// }
+
 	if value != nil && colData.Parse != nil {
 		// Target-driver specific fixups.
 		next, err := colData.Parse(value)
diff --git a/internal/util/stdpool/ora.go b/internal/util/stdpool/ora.go
index 824f9226a..d54c7aa5a 100644
--- a/internal/util/stdpool/ora.go
+++ b/internal/util/stdpool/ora.go
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ func oraErrorDeferrable(err error) bool {
 	if !ok {
 		return false
 	}
+	log.WithField("code", code).Error("oracle error code")
 	switch code {
 	case "1": // ORA-0001 unique constraint violated
 		// The MERGE that we execute uses read-committed reads, so