feat: Add ty as a linter

[whoahbot]

Adds ty as a linter for Python.

This is my first contribution here, so a lot of this is copied from the implementation for ruff, including the strategy for mirroring ty releases.

Changes are visible to end-users: yes

• Searched for relevant documentation and updated as needed: yes
• Breaking change (forces users to change their own code or config): no
• Suggested release notes appear below: no

Test plan

• New test cases added

Added unsupported_operator.py as an example lint, and call_non_callable.py , which should be ignored by the ty.toml configuration file.

[CLAassistant]

All committers have signed the CLA.

[aspect-workflows]

Test

All tests were cache hits

5 tests (100.0%) were fully cached saving 2s.

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Test

example

8 test targets passed

Targets

//tools/format:format_test_HTML_Jinja_with_djlint [k8-fastbuild]3s
//tools/format:format_test_JavaScript_with_prettier [k8-fastbuild]14s
//tools/format:format_test_Markdown_with_prettier [k8-fastbuild]2s
//tools/format:format_test_Protocol_Buffer_with_buf [k8-fastbuild]817ms
//tools/format:format_test_Python_with_ruff [k8-fastbuild]273ms
//tools/format:format_test_SQL_with_prettier [k8-fastbuild]2s
//tools/format:format_test_Scala_with_scalafmt [k8-fastbuild]7s
//tools/format:format_test_Starlark_with_buildifier [k8-fastbuild]545ms

Total test execution time was 30s. 35 tests (81.4%) were fully cached saving 14s.

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Test (WORKSPACE) (Test)

example

8 test targets passed

Targets

//tools/format:format_test_HTML_Jinja_with_djlint [k8-fastbuild]2s
//tools/format:format_test_JavaScript_with_prettier [k8-fastbuild]8s
//tools/format:format_test_Markdown_with_prettier [k8-fastbuild]1s
//tools/format:format_test_Protocol_Buffer_with_buf [k8-fastbuild]521ms
//tools/format:format_test_Python_with_ruff [k8-fastbuild]268ms
//tools/format:format_test_SQL_with_prettier [k8-fastbuild]2s
//tools/format:format_test_Scala_with_scalafmt [k8-fastbuild]4s
//tools/format:format_test_Starlark_with_buildifier [k8-fastbuild]230ms

Total test execution time was 18s. 13 tests (61.9%) were fully cached saving 8s.