diff --git a/Sources/System/FileHelpers.swift b/Sources/System/FileHelpers.swift
index af7cedfe..75536011 100644
--- a/Sources/System/FileHelpers.swift
+++ b/Sources/System/FileHelpers.swift
@@ -33,6 +33,78 @@ extension FileDescriptor {
     return result
   }
 
+  /// Reads bytes at the current file offset into a buffer until the buffer is filled or until EOF is reached.
+  ///
+  /// - Parameters:
+  ///   - buffer: The region of memory to read into.
+  /// - Returns: The number of bytes that were read, at most `buffer.count`.
+  ///
+  /// This method either reads until `buffer` is full, or throws an error if
+  /// only part of the buffer was filled.
+  ///
+  /// The <doc://com.apple.documentation/documentation/swift/unsafemutablerawbufferpointer/3019191-count> property of `buffer`
+  /// determines the number of bytes that are read into the buffer.
+  @_alwaysEmitIntoClient
+  @discardableResult
+  public func read(
+    filling buffer: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer
+  ) throws -> Int {
+    return try _read(filling: buffer).get()
+  }
+
+  /// Reads bytes at the given file offset into a buffer until the buffer is filled or until EOF is reached.
+  ///
+  /// - Parameters:
+  ///   - offset: The file offset where reading begins.
+  ///   - buffer: The region of memory to read into.
+  /// - Returns: The number of bytes that were read, at most `buffer.count`.
+  ///
+  /// This method either reads until `buffer` is full, or throws an error if
+  /// only part of the buffer was filled.
+  ///
+  /// Unlike ``read(filling:)``, this method preserves the file descriptor's existing offset.
+  ///
+  /// The <doc://com.apple.documentation/documentation/swift/unsafemutablerawbufferpointer/3019191-count> property of `buffer`
+  /// determines the number of bytes that are read into the buffer.
+  @_alwaysEmitIntoClient
+  @discardableResult
+  public func read(
+    fromAbsoluteOffset offset: Int64,
+    filling buffer: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer
+  ) throws -> Int {
+    return try _read(fromAbsoluteOffset: offset, filling: buffer).get()
+  }
+
+  @usableFromInline
+  internal func _read(
+    fromAbsoluteOffset offset: Int64? = nil,
+    filling buffer: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer
+  ) -> Result<Int, Errno> {
+    var idx = 0
+    loop: while idx < buffer.count {
+      let readResult: Result<Int, Errno>
+      if let offset = offset {
+        readResult = _read(
+          fromAbsoluteOffset: offset + Int64(idx),
+          into: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer(rebasing: buffer[idx...]),
+          retryOnInterrupt: true
+        )
+      } else {
+        readResult = _readNoThrow(
+          into: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer(rebasing: buffer[idx...]),
+          retryOnInterrupt: true
+        )
+      }
+      switch readResult {
+        case .success(let numBytes) where numBytes == 0: break loop  // EOF
+        case .success(let numBytes): idx += numBytes
+        case .failure(let err): return .failure(err)
+      }
+    }
+    assert(idx <= buffer.count)
+    return .success(idx)
+  }
+
   /// Writes a sequence of bytes to the current offset
   /// and then updates the offset.
   ///
@@ -46,6 +118,9 @@ extension FileDescriptor {
   /// increments that position by the number of bytes written.
   /// See also ``seek(offset:from:)``.
   ///
+  /// This method either writes the entire contents of `sequence`,
+  /// or throws an error if only part of the content was written.
+  ///
   /// If `sequence` doesn't implement
   /// the <doc://com.apple.documentation/documentation/swift/sequence/3128824-withcontiguousstorageifavailable> method,
   /// temporary space will be allocated as needed.
diff --git a/Sources/System/FileOperations.swift b/Sources/System/FileOperations.swift
index 01025632..742bddc2 100644
--- a/Sources/System/FileOperations.swift
+++ b/Sources/System/FileOperations.swift
@@ -158,14 +158,23 @@ extension FileDescriptor {
     into buffer: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer,
     retryOnInterrupt: Bool = true
   ) throws -> Int {
-    try _read(into: buffer, retryOnInterrupt: retryOnInterrupt).get()
+    try _readNoThrow(into: buffer, retryOnInterrupt: retryOnInterrupt).get()
   }
 
+  // NOTE: This function (mistakenly marked as throws) is vestigial but remains to preserve ABI.
   @usableFromInline
   internal func _read(
     into buffer: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer,
     retryOnInterrupt: Bool
   ) throws -> Result<Int, Errno> {
+    _readNoThrow(into: buffer, retryOnInterrupt: retryOnInterrupt)
+  }
+
+  @usableFromInline
+  internal func _readNoThrow(
+    into buffer: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer,
+    retryOnInterrupt: Bool
+  ) -> Result<Int, Errno> {
     valueOrErrno(retryOnInterrupt: retryOnInterrupt) {
       system_read(self.rawValue, buffer.baseAddress, buffer.count)
     }
diff --git a/Tests/SystemTests/FileOperationsTest.swift b/Tests/SystemTests/FileOperationsTest.swift
index e28efd5d..661a46a0 100644
--- a/Tests/SystemTests/FileOperationsTest.swift
+++ b/Tests/SystemTests/FileOperationsTest.swift
@@ -160,5 +160,64 @@ final class FileOperationsTest: XCTestCase {
     issue26.runAllTests()
 
   }
-}
 
+  func testReadFillingFromFileEOF() async throws {
+    // Create a temporary file.
+    let tmpPath = "/tmp/\(UUID().uuidString)"
+    defer {
+      unlink(tmpPath)
+    }
+
+    // Write some bytes.
+    var abc = "abc"
+    let byteCount = abc.count
+    let writeFd = try FileDescriptor.open(tmpPath, .readWrite, options: [.create, .truncate], permissions: .ownerReadWrite)
+    try writeFd.closeAfter {
+      try abc.withUTF8 {
+        XCTAssertEqual(try writeFd.writeAll(UnsafeRawBufferPointer($0)), byteCount)
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Try and read more bytes than were written.
+    let readFd = try FileDescriptor.open(tmpPath, .readOnly)
+    try readFd.closeAfter {
+      let readBytes = try Array<UInt8>(unsafeUninitializedCapacity: byteCount + 1) { buf, count in
+        count = try readFd.read(filling: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer(buf))
+        XCTAssertEqual(count, byteCount)
+      }
+      XCTAssertEqual(readBytes, Array(abc.utf8))
+    }
+  }
+
+/// This `#if` is present because, While `read(filling:)` is available on all platforms, this test
+/// makes use of `FileDescriptor.pipe()` which is not available on Windows.
+#if !os(Windows)
+  func testReadFillingFromPipe() async throws {
+    let pipe = try FileDescriptor.pipe()
+    defer {
+      try? pipe.writeEnd.close()
+      try? pipe.readEnd.close()
+    }
+    var abc = "abc"
+    var def = "def"
+    let abcdef = abc + def
+
+    try abc.withUTF8 {
+      XCTAssertEqual(try pipe.writeEnd.writeAll(UnsafeRawBufferPointer($0)), 3)
+    }
+
+    async let readBytes = try Array<UInt8>(unsafeUninitializedCapacity: abcdef.count) { buf, count in
+      count = try pipe.readEnd.read(filling: UnsafeMutableRawBufferPointer(buf))
+      XCTAssertEqual(count, abcdef.count)
+    }
+
+    try def.withUTF8 {
+      XCTAssertEqual(try pipe.writeEnd.writeAll(UnsafeRawBufferPointer($0)), 3)
+    }
+
+    let _readBytes = try await readBytes
+
+    XCTAssertEqual(_readBytes, Array(abcdef.utf8))
+  }
+#endif
+}