diff --git a/crates/integrations/datafusion/src/physical_plan/expr_to_predicate.rs b/crates/integrations/datafusion/src/physical_plan/expr_to_predicate.rs
index 9f37345f86..17c9416d54 100644
--- a/crates/integrations/datafusion/src/physical_plan/expr_to_predicate.rs
+++ b/crates/integrations/datafusion/src/physical_plan/expr_to_predicate.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 use std::vec;
 
 use datafusion::arrow::datatypes::DataType;
+use datafusion::logical_expr::expr::ScalarFunction;
 use datafusion::logical_expr::{Expr, Like, Operator};
 use datafusion::scalar::ScalarValue;
 use iceberg::expr::{BinaryExpression, Predicate, PredicateOperator, Reference, UnaryExpression};
@@ -196,6 +197,9 @@ fn to_iceberg_predicate(expr: &Expr) -> TransformedResult {
                 TransformedResult::NotTransformed
             }
         }
+        Expr::ScalarFunction(ScalarFunction { func, args }) => {
+            scalar_function_to_iceberg_predicate(func.name(), args)
+        }
         _ => TransformedResult::NotTransformed,
     }
 }
@@ -216,6 +220,25 @@ fn to_iceberg_operation(op: Operator) -> OpTransformedResult {
     }
 }
 
+/// Translates a DataFusion scalar function into an Iceberg predicate.
+/// Unlike dedicated Expr variants (e.g. `Expr::IsNull`), scalar functions are
+/// identified by name at runtime, so we need to handle them here.
+fn scalar_function_to_iceberg_predicate(func_name: &str, args: &[Expr]) -> TransformedResult {
+    match func_name {
+        // TODO: support complex expression arguments to scalar functions
+        "isnan" if args.len() == 1 => {
+            let operand = to_iceberg_predicate(&args[0]);
+            match operand {
+                TransformedResult::Column(r) => TransformedResult::Predicate(Predicate::Unary(
+                    UnaryExpression::new(PredicateOperator::IsNan, r),
+                )),
+                _ => TransformedResult::NotTransformed,
+            }
+        }
+        _ => TransformedResult::NotTransformed,
+    }
+}
+
 fn to_iceberg_and_predicate(
     left: TransformedResult,
     right: TransformedResult,
@@ -324,6 +347,10 @@ mod tests {
             Field::new("ts", DataType::Timestamp(TimeUnit::Second, None), true).with_metadata(
                 HashMap::from([(PARQUET_FIELD_ID_META_KEY.to_string(), "3".to_string())]),
             ),
+            Field::new("qux", DataType::Float64, true).with_metadata(HashMap::from([(
+                PARQUET_FIELD_ID_META_KEY.to_string(),
+                "4".to_string(),
+            )])),
         ]);
         DFSchema::try_from_qualified_schema("my_table", &arrow_schema).unwrap()
     }
@@ -681,4 +708,35 @@ mod tests {
             Reference::new("bar").starts_with(Datum::string("测试"))
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_predicate_conversion_with_isnan() {
+        let predicate = convert_to_iceberg_predicate("isnan(qux)").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(predicate, Reference::new("qux").is_nan());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_predicate_conversion_with_not_isnan() {
+        let predicate = convert_to_iceberg_predicate("NOT isnan(qux)").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(predicate, !Reference::new("qux").is_nan());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_predicate_conversion_with_isnan_and_other_condition() {
+        let sql = "isnan(qux) AND foo > 1";
+        let predicate = convert_to_iceberg_predicate(sql).unwrap();
+        let expected_predicate = Predicate::and(
+            Reference::new("qux").is_nan(),
+            Reference::new("foo").greater_than(Datum::long(1)),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(predicate, expected_predicate);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_predicate_conversion_with_isnan_unsupported_arg() {
+        // isnan on a complex expression (not a bare column) cannot be pushed down
+        let sql = "isnan(qux + 1)";
+        let predicate = convert_to_iceberg_predicate(sql);
+        assert_eq!(predicate, None);
+    }
 }