diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/s3fs.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/s3fs.cc
index f75fd970a1e..991dbe4e678 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/s3fs.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/s3fs.cc
@@ -1649,8 +1649,6 @@ class ObjectOutputStream final : public io::OutputStream {
   }
 
   Status CreateMultipartUpload() {
-    DCHECK(ShouldBeMultipartUpload());
-
     ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto client_lock, holder_->Lock());
 
     // Initiate the multi-part upload