diff --git a/.env b/.env
index 1735b7163b4..5951b3c95f6 100644
--- a/.env
+++ b/.env
@@ -37,6 +37,10 @@ DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1
 ARCH=amd64
 ARCH_ALIAS=x86_64
 ARCH_SHORT=amd64
+# For aarch64
+# ARCH=arm64v8
+# ARCH_ALIAS=aarch64
+# ARCH_SHORT=arm64
 
 # Default repository to pull and push images from
 REPO=apache/arrow-dev
@@ -98,8 +102,8 @@ VCPKG="4334d8b4c8916018600212ab4dd4bbdc343065d1"    # 2025.09.17 Release
 # ci/docker/python-*-windows-*.dockerfile or the vcpkg config.
 # This is a workaround for our CI problem that "archery docker build" doesn't
 # use pulled built images in dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.windows.yml.
-PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_IMAGE_REVISION=2025-09-04
-PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_TEST_IMAGE_REVISION=2025-09-04
+PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_IMAGE_REVISION=2025-10-13
+PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_TEST_IMAGE_REVISION=2025-10-13
 
 # Use conanio/${CONAN_BASE}:{CONAN_VERSION} for "docker compose run --rm conan".
 # See https://github.com/conan-io/conan-docker-tools#readme and
diff --git a/.github/workflows/cpp.yml b/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
index b92c6fe8437..0122f01e757 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cpp.yml
@@ -321,7 +321,6 @@ jobs:
       BOOST_SOURCE: BUNDLED
       CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD: "17"
       CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
-      CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR: bin
       CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX: /usr
       CMAKE_UNITY_BUILD: ON
     steps:
@@ -369,11 +368,12 @@ jobs:
           call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
           bash -c "ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh $(pwd) $(pwd)/build"
       - name: Test
-        shell: bash
+        shell: cmd
         run: |
+          call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
           # For ORC
-          export TZDIR=/c/msys64/usr/share/zoneinfo
-          ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh $(pwd) $(pwd)/build
+          set TZDIR=C:\msys64\usr\share\zoneinfo
+          bash -c "ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh $(pwd) $(pwd)/build"
 
   windows-mingw:
     name: AMD64 Windows MinGW ${{ matrix.msystem_upper }} C++
diff --git a/.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml b/.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml
index 97dbadd25d5..5b054ddfb58 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml
@@ -164,6 +164,67 @@ jobs:
         continue-on-error: true
         run: archery docker push ${{ matrix.image }}
 
+  jni-linux:
+    needs: check-labels
+    name: JNI ${{ matrix.platform.runs-on }} ${{ matrix.platform.arch }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.runs-on }}
+    if: >-
+      needs.check-labels.outputs.force == 'true' ||
+      contains(fromJSON(needs.check-labels.outputs.ci-extra-labels || '[]'), 'CI: Extra') ||
+      contains(fromJSON(needs.check-labels.outputs.ci-extra-labels || '[]'), 'CI: Extra: C++')
+    timeout-minutes: 240
+    permissions:
+      # This is for using GitHub Packages for vcpkg cache
+      packages: write
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+          - arch: "amd64"
+            runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+          - arch: "arm64v8"
+            runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    env:
+      ARCH: ${{ matrix.platform.arch }}
+      REPO: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}-dev
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Arrow
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          submodules: recursive
+      - name: Cache Docker Volumes
+        uses: actions/cache@5a3ec84eff668545956fd18022155c47e93e2684 # v4.2.3
+        with:
+          path: .docker
+          key: jni-${{ matrix.platform.runs-on }}-${{ hashFiles('cpp/**') }}
+          restore-keys: jni-${{ matrix.platform.runs-on }}-
+      - name: Setup Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: 3
+      - name: Setup Archery
+        run: python3 -m pip install -e dev/archery[docker]
+      - name: Execute Docker Build
+        env:
+          ARCHERY_DOCKER_USER: ${{ github.actor }}
+          ARCHERY_DOCKER_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          VCPKG_BINARY_SOURCES: "clear;nuget,GitHub,readwrite"
+        run: |
+          source ci/scripts/util_enable_core_dumps.sh
+          archery docker run cpp-jni
+      - name: Docker Push
+        if: >-
+          success() &&
+          github.event_name == 'push' &&
+          github.ref_name == 'main'
+        env:
+          ARCHERY_DOCKER_USER: ${{ github.actor }}
+          ARCHERY_DOCKER_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: archery docker push cpp-jni
+
   jni-macos:
     needs: check-labels
     name: JNI macOS
@@ -177,7 +238,7 @@ jobs:
       MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: "14.0"
     steps:
       - name: Checkout Arrow
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           submodules: recursive
diff --git a/.github/workflows/package_linux.yml b/.github/workflows/package_linux.yml
index f39ca02bf52..75969615861 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/package_linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/package_linux.yml
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ on:
     branches:
       - '**'
       - '!dependabot/**'
+      - '!release-*'
     paths:
       - '.github/workflows/check_labels.yml'
       - '.github/workflows/package_linux.yml'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/r_nightly.yml b/.github/workflows/r_nightly.yml
index 7c52672c1cd..4e12fce9545 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/r_nightly.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/r_nightly.yml
@@ -1,193 +1,217 @@
-# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
-# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
-# distributed with this work for additional information
-# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
-# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
-# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
-# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
-# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
-# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
-# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
-# specific language governing permissions and limitations
-# under the License.
-
-name: Upload R Nightly builds
-# This workflow downloads the (nightly) binaries created in crossbow and uploads them
-# to nightlies.apache.org. Due to authorization requirements, this upload can't be done 
-# from the crossbow repository.
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      prefix:
-        description: Job prefix to use.
-        required: false
-        default: ''
-      keep:
-        description: Number of versions to keep.
-        required: false
-        default: 14
-
-  schedule:
-    #Crossbow packaging runs at 0 8 * * *
-    - cron: '0 14 * * *'
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  upload:
-    if: github.repository == 'apache/arrow'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout Arrow
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 1
-          path: arrow
-          repository: apache/arrow
-          ref: main
-          submodules: recursive
-      - name: Checkout Crossbow
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          path: crossbow
-          repository: ursacomputing/crossbow
-          ref: main
-      - name: Set up Python
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+name: Upload R Nightly builds
+# This workflow downloads the (nightly) binaries created in crossbow and uploads them
+# to nightlies.apache.org. Due to authorization requirements, this upload can't be done
+# from the crossbow repository.
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      prefix:
+        description: Job prefix to use.
+        required: false
+        default: ''
+      keep:
+        description: Number of versions to keep.
+        required: false
+        default: 14
+
+  schedule:
+    #Crossbow packaging runs at 0 8 * * *
+    - cron: '0 14 * * *'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  upload:
+    if: github.repository == 'apache/arrow'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Arrow
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 1
+          path: arrow
+          repository: apache/arrow
+          ref: main
+          submodules: recursive
+      - name: Checkout Crossbow
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          path: crossbow
+          repository: ursacomputing/crossbow
+          ref: main
+      - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
-        with:
-          cache: 'pip'
-          python-version: 3.12
-      - name: Install Archery
-        shell: bash
-        run: pip install -e arrow/dev/archery[all]
-      - run: mkdir -p binaries
-      - name: Download Artifacts
-        env:
-          PREFIX: ${{ github.event.inputs.prefix || ''}}
-        run: |
-          if [ -z $PREFIX ]; then
-            PREFIX=nightly-packaging-$(date +%Y-%m-%d)-0
-          fi
-          echo $PREFIX
-
-          archery crossbow download-artifacts -f r-binary-packages -t binaries $PREFIX
-
-          if [ -n "$(ls -A binaries/*/*/)" ]; then
-            echo "Found files!"
-          else
-            echo "No files found. Stopping upload."
-            exit 1
-          fi
-      - name: Cache Repo
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: repo
-          key: r-nightly-${{ github.run_id }}
-          restore-keys: r-nightly-
-      - name: Sync from Remote
-        uses: ./arrow/.github/actions/sync-nightlies
-        with:
-          switches: -avzh --update --delete --progress
-          local_path: repo
-          remote_path: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_PATH }}/arrow/r
-          remote_host: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_HOST }}
-          remote_port: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_PORT }}
-          remote_user: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_USER }}
-          remote_key: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_KEY }}
-          remote_host_key: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_HOST_KEY }}
-      - run: tree repo
-      - uses: r-lib/actions/setup-r@v2
-      - name: Build Repository
-        shell: Rscript {0}
-        run: |
-          # folder that we sync to nightlies.apache.org
-          repo_root <- "repo"
-          # The binaries are in a nested dir
-          # so we need to find the correct path.
-          art_path <- list.files("binaries",
-            recursive = TRUE,
-            include.dirs = TRUE,
-            pattern = "r-binary-packages$",
-            full.names = TRUE
-          )
-
-          current_path <- list.files(art_path, full.names = TRUE, recursive = TRUE)
-          files <- sub("r-(pkg|lib)", repo_root, current_path)
-
-          # decode contrib.url from artifact name:
-          # bin__windows__contrib__4.1 -> bin/windows/contrib/4.1
-          new_paths <- gsub("__", "/", files)
-          # strip superfluous nested dirs
-          new_paths <- sub(art_path, ".", new_paths)
-          dirs <- dirname(new_paths)
-          sapply(dirs, dir.create, recursive = TRUE, showWarnings = FALSE)
-
-          # overwrite allows us to "force push" a new version with the same name
-          copy_result <- file.copy(current_path, new_paths, overwrite = TRUE)
-
-          if (!all(copy_result)) {
-            stop("There was an issue while copying the files!")
-          }
-      - name: Prune Repository
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          KEEP: ${{ github.event.inputs.keep || 14 }}
-        run: |   
-          prune() {
-            # list files  | retain $KEEP newest files | delete everything else
-            ls -t $1/arrow* | tail -n +$((KEEP + 1)) | xargs --no-run-if-empty rm 
-          }
-
-          # find leaf sub dirs
-          repo_dirs=$(find repo -type d -links 2)
-
-          # We want to retain $keep (14) versions of each pkg/lib so we call
-          # prune on each leaf dir and not on repo/.
-          for dir in ${repo_dirs[@]}; do
-            prune $dir
-          done
-      - name: Update Repository Index
-        shell: Rscript {0}
-        run: |
-          # folder that we sync to nightlies.apache.org
-          repo_root <- "repo"
-          tools::write_PACKAGES(file.path(repo_root, "src/contrib"),
-            type = "source",
-            verbose = TRUE,
-            latestOnly = FALSE
-          )
-
-          repo_dirs <- list.dirs(repo_root)
-          # find dirs with binary R packages: e.g. */contrib/4.1
-          pkg_dirs <- grep(".+contrib\\/\\d.+", repo_dirs, value = TRUE)
-
-
-          for (dir in pkg_dirs) {
-            on_win <- grepl("windows", dir)
-            tools::write_PACKAGES(dir,
-              type = ifelse(on_win, "win.binary", "mac.binary"),
-              verbose = TRUE,
-              latestOnly = FALSE
-            )
-          }
-      - name: Show repo contents
-        run: tree repo
-      - name: Sync to Remote
-        uses: ./arrow/.github/actions/sync-nightlies
-        with:
-          upload: true
-          switches: -avzh --update --delete --progress
-          local_path: repo
-          remote_path: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_PATH }}/arrow/r
-          remote_host: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_HOST }}
-          remote_port: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_PORT }}
-          remote_user: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_USER }}
-          remote_key: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_KEY }}
-          remote_host_key: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_HOST_KEY }}
+        with:
+          cache: 'pip'
+          python-version: 3.12
+      - name: Install Archery
+        shell: bash
+        run: pip install -e arrow/dev/archery[all]
+      - run: mkdir -p binaries
+      - name: Download Artifacts
+        env:
+          PREFIX: ${{ github.event.inputs.prefix || ''}}
+        run: |
+          if [ -z $PREFIX ]; then
+            PREFIX=nightly-packaging-$(date +%Y-%m-%d)-0
+          fi
+          echo $PREFIX
+
+          archery crossbow download-artifacts -f r-binary-packages -t binaries $PREFIX
+
+          if [ -n "$(ls -A binaries/*/*/)" ]; then
+            echo "Found files!"
+          else
+            echo "No files found. Stopping upload."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      - name: Cache Repo
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: repo
+          key: r-nightly-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: r-nightly-
+      - name: Sync from Remote
+        uses: ./arrow/.github/actions/sync-nightlies
+        with:
+          switches: -avzh --update --delete --progress
+          local_path: repo
+          remote_path: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_PATH }}/arrow/r
+          remote_host: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_HOST }}
+          remote_port: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_PORT }}
+          remote_user: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_USER }}
+          remote_key: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_KEY }}
+          remote_host_key: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_HOST_KEY }}
+      - run: tree repo
+      - uses: r-lib/actions/setup-r@v2
+      - name: Build Repository
+        shell: Rscript {0}
+        run: |
+          # folder that we sync to nightlies.apache.org
+          repo_root <- "repo"
+          # The binaries are in a nested dir
+          # so we need to find the correct path.
+          art_path <- list.files("binaries",
+            recursive = TRUE,
+            include.dirs = TRUE,
+            pattern = "r-binary-packages$",
+            full.names = TRUE
+          )
+
+          current_pkg_path <- list.files(art_path,
+            full.names = TRUE,
+            pattern = "r-pkg",
+            recursive = TRUE
+          )
+          current_lib_path <- list.files(art_path,
+            full.names = TRUE,
+            pattern = "r-lib",
+            recursive = TRUE
+          )
+          files <- c(
+            sub("r-pkg", repo_root, current_pkg_path),
+            sub("r-lib", paste0(repo_root, "__r-lib"), current_lib_path),
+          )
+
+          # decode contrib.url from artifact name:
+          # bin__windows__contrib__4.1 -> bin/windows/contrib/4.1
+          new_paths <- gsub("__", "/", files)
+          # strip superfluous nested dirs
+          new_paths <- sub(art_path, ".", new_paths)
+          dirs <- dirname(new_paths)
+          sapply(dirs, dir.create, recursive = TRUE, showWarnings = FALSE)
+
+          # overwrite allows us to "force push" a new version with the same name
+          copy_result <- file.copy(current_path, new_paths, overwrite = TRUE)
+
+          if (!all(copy_result)) {
+            stop("There was an issue while copying the files!")
+          }
+      - name: Prune Repository
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          KEEP: ${{ github.event.inputs.keep || 14 }}
+        run: |
+          prune() {
+            # list files  | retain $KEEP newest files | delete everything else
+            ls -t "$@" | tail -n +$((KEEP + 1)) | xargs --no-run-if-empty rm
+          }
+
+          # find leaf sub dirs
+          repo_dirs=$(find repo -type d -links 2)
+
+          # Old packages: repo/libarrow/bin/${TARGET}/arrow-${VERSION}.zip
+          #
+          # We want to retain $keep (14) versions of each pkg/lib so we call
+          # prune on each leaf dir and not on repo/.
+          for dir in "${repo_dirs[@]}"; do
+            prune $dir/arrow*
+          done
+
+          # New packages: repo/libarrow/${TARGET}-arrow-${VERSION}.zip
+          prune repo/libarrow/r-libarrow-darwin-arm64-openssl-1.1-* || :
+          prune repo/libarrow/r-libarrow-darwin-arm64-openssl-3.0-* || :
+          prune repo/libarrow/r-libarrow-darwin-x86_64-openssl-1.1-* || :
+          prune repo/libarrow/r-libarrow-darwin-x86_64-openssl-3.0-* || :
+          prune repo/libarrow/r-libarrow-linux-x86_64-openssl-1.0-* || :
+          prune repo/libarrow/r-libarrow-linux-x86_64-openssl-1.1-* || :
+          prune repo/libarrow/r-libarrow-linux-x86_64-openssl-3.0-* || :
+          prune repo/libarrow/r-libarrow-windows-x86_64-* || :
+      - name: Update Repository Index
+        shell: Rscript {0}
+        run: |
+          # folder that we sync to nightlies.apache.org
+          repo_root <- "repo"
+          tools::write_PACKAGES(file.path(repo_root, "src/contrib"),
+            type = "source",
+            verbose = TRUE,
+            latestOnly = FALSE
+          )
+
+          repo_dirs <- list.dirs(repo_root)
+          # find dirs with binary R packages: e.g. */contrib/4.1
+          pkg_dirs <- grep(".+contrib\\/\\d.+", repo_dirs, value = TRUE)
+
+
+          for (dir in pkg_dirs) {
+            on_win <- grepl("windows", dir)
+            tools::write_PACKAGES(dir,
+              type = ifelse(on_win, "win.binary", "mac.binary"),
+              verbose = TRUE,
+              latestOnly = FALSE
+            )
+          }
+      - name: Show repo contents
+        run: tree repo
+      - name: Sync to Remote
+        uses: ./arrow/.github/actions/sync-nightlies
+        with:
+          upload: true
+          switches: -avzh --update --delete --progress
+          local_path: repo
+          remote_path: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_PATH }}/arrow/r
+          remote_host: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_HOST }}
+          remote_port: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_PORT }}
+          remote_user: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_USER }}
+          remote_key: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_KEY }}
+          remote_host_key: ${{ secrets.NIGHTLIES_RSYNC_HOST_KEY }}
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 6101f5d3cac..3fb888dee23 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,4 +1,227 @@
 
+# Apache Arrow 22.0.0 (2025-10-20)
+
+## Bug Fixes
+
+* [GH-26727](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/26727) - [C++][Flight] Use ipc::RecordBatchWriter with custom IpcPayloadWriter for TransportMessageWriter (DoExchange) (#47410)
+* [GH-31603](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/31603) - [C++] Wrap Parquet encryption keys in SecureString (#46017)
+* [GH-40911](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/40911) - [C++][Compute] Fix the decimal division kernel dispatching (#47445)
+* [GH-41011](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41011) - [C++][Compute] Fix the issue that comparison function could not handle decimal arguments with different scales (#47459)
+* [GH-41110](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41110) - [C#] Handle empty stream in ArrowStreamReaderImplementation (#47098)
+* [GH-41336](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41336) - [C++][Compute] Fix case_when kernel dispatch for decimals with different precisions and scales (#47479)
+* [GH-42971](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/42971) - [C++] Parquet stream writer: Allow writing BYTE_ARRAY with converted type NONE (#44739)
+* [GH-43355](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/43355) - [C++] Don't require `__once_proxy` in `symbols.map` (#47354)
+* [GH-46629](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46629) - [Python] Add options to DatasetFactory.inspect (#46961)
+* [GH-46690](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46690) - [GLib][CI] Use Meson 1.8.4 or later (#47425)
+* [GH-46739](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46739) - [C++] Fix Float16 signed zero/NaN equality comparisons (#46973)
+* [GH-46897](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46897) - [Docs][C++][Python] Fix asof join documentation (#46898)
+* [GH-46928](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46928) - [C++] Retry on EINTR while opening file in FileOpenReadable (#47629)
+* [GH-46942](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46942) - [Docs] Replace the directive versionadded with note (#46997)
+* [GH-46946](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46946) - [Python] PyArrow fails compiling without CSV enabled
+* [GH-47009](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47009) - [C#] ExportedAllocationOwner should use 64-bit integer to track total allocated memory. (#47011)
+* [GH-47016](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47016) - [C++][FlightSQL] Fix negative timestamps to date types (#47017)
+* [GH-47027](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47027) - [C++][Parquet] Fix repeated column pages not being written when reaching page size limit (#47032)
+* [GH-47029](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47029) - [Archery][Integration] Fix generation of run-end-encoded data (#47653)
+* [GH-47039](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47039) - [C++] Bump RapidJSON dependency in Meson configuration (#47041)
+* [GH-47051](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47051) - [Python][Release] verify-rc-source-windows Python tests are failing due to MSVC compiler bug
+* [GH-47052](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47052) - [CI][C++] Use Alpine Linux 3.22 instead of 3.18 (#47148)
+* [GH-47096](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47096) - [CI][R] Drop support for R 4.0 (#47285)
+* [GH-47101](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47101) - [Statistics][C++] Implement Statistics specification attribute ARROW:distinct_count:approximate (#47183)
+* [GH-47124](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47124) - [C++][Dataset] Fix DatasetWriter deadlock on concurrent WriteRecordBatch (#47129)
+* [GH-47128](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47128) - [Python] Numba-CUDA interop with NVIDIA bindings (#47150)
+* [GH-47130](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47130) - [Packaging][deb] Fix upgrade from 20.0.0-1 (#47343)
+* [GH-47131](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47131) - [C#] Fix day off by 1 in Date64Array (#47132)
+* [GH-47143](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47143) - [Dev] Ignore `apache-arrow.tar.gz` (#47145)
+* [GH-47162](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47162) - [Dev][Release][GLib] Fix indent in generate-version-header.py (#47163)
+* [GH-47165](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47165) - [Python] Update s3 test with new non-existent bucket (#47166)
+* [GH-47175](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47175) - [C++] Require xsimd 13.0.0 or later (#47221)
+* [GH-47179](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47179) - [Python] Revert FileSystem.from_uri to be a staticmethod again (#47178)
+* [GH-47203](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47203) - [C++] Restore CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX in building bundled Apache Thrift (#47209)
+* [GH-47213](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47213) - [R] Require CMake 3.26 or later (#47217)
+* [GH-47229](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47229) - [C++][Arm] Force mimalloc to generate armv8.0 binary (#47766)
+* [GH-47234](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47234) - [C++][Python] Add test for fill_null regression on Windows (#47249)
+* [GH-47241](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47241) - [C++][Parquet] Fix VariantExtensionType conversion (#47242)
+* [GH-47243](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47243) - [C++] Initialize arrow::compute in execution_plan_documentation_examples (#47227)
+* [GH-47256](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47256) - [Python] Do not use cffi in free-threaded 3.13 builds (#47313)
+* [GH-47257](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47257) - [R] Fix truncation of time variables to work with numeric subseconds time with hms bindings (#47278)
+* [GH-47265](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47265) - [Ruby] Fix wrong `Time` object detection (#47267)
+* [GH-47268](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47268) - [C++][Compute] Fix discarded bad status for call binding (#47284)
+* [GH-47277](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47277) - [C++] r-binary-packages nightly failures due to incompatibility with old compiler (#47299)
+* [GH-47283](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47283) - [C++] Fix flight visibility issue in Meson configuration (#47298)
+* [GH-47287](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47287) - [C++][Compute] Add constraint for kernel signature matching and use it for binary decimal arithmetic kernels (#47297)
+* [GH-47301](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47301) - [Python] Fix FileFragment.open() seg fault behavior for file-like objects (#47302)
+* [GH-47303](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47303) - [C++] Don't install arrow-compute.pc twice (#47304)
+* [GH-47323](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47323) - [R][CI] test-r-rhub-debian-gcc-release-custom-ccache nightly job fails due to update in Debian  (#47611)
+* [GH-47332](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47332) - [C++][Compute] Fix the issue that the arguments of function call become invalid before wrapping results (#47333)
+* [GH-47356](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47356) - [R] NEWS file states version 20.0.0.1 but release package number on CRAN is 20.0.0.2 (#47421)
+* [GH-47367](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47367) - [Packaging][Python] Patch vcpkg to show logs and install newer Windows SDK for vs_buildtools (#47484)
+* [GH-47373](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47373) - [C++] Raise for invalid decimal precision input from the C Data Interface (#47414)
+* [GH-47380](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47380) - [Python] Apply maps_as_pydicts to Nested MapScalar Values (#47454)
+* [GH-47399](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47399) - [C++] Update bundled Apache ORC to 2.2.0 with Protobuf patch (#47408)
+* [GH-47431](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47431) - [C++] Improve Meson configuration for WrapDB distribution (#47541)
+* [GH-47434](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47434) - [C++] Fix issue preventing running of tests on Windows (#47455)
+* [GH-47440](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47440) - [C++] Accept gflags::gflags as system gflags CMake target (#47468)
+* [GH-47446](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47446) - [C++] Update Meson configuration with compute swizzle change (#47448)
+* [GH-47451](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47451) - [Python][CI] Install tzdata-legacy in newer python-wheel-manylinux-test images (#47452)
+* [GH-47453](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47453) - [Packaging][CI] Token expired to upload nightly wheels
+* [GH-47485](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47485) - [C++][CI] Work around Valgrind failure on Azure tests (#47496)
+* [GH-47486](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47486) - [Dev][R] Define default R_UPDATE_CLANG (#47487)
+* [GH-47491](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47491) - [C++] Don't set include directories to found targets (#47492)
+* [GH-47506](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47506) - [CI][Packaging] Fix Amazon Linux 2023 packages verification (#47507)
+* [GH-47534](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47534) - [C++] Detect conda-installed packages in Meson CI (#47535)
+* [GH-47537](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47537) - [C++] Use pkgconfig name for benchmark in Meson (#47538)
+* [GH-47539](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47539) - [C++] Detect Snappy and bzip2 in Meson CI (#47540)
+* [GH-47554](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47554) - [C++] Fix Meson Parquet symbol visibility issues (#47556)
+* [GH-47560](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47560) - [C++] Fix host handling for default HDFS URI (#47458)
+* [GH-47570](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47570) - [CI] Don't notify nightly "CI: Extra" result from forks (#47571)
+* [GH-47590](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47590) - [C++] Use W functions explicitly for Windows UNICODE compatibility (#47593)
+* [GH-47591](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47591) - [C++] Fix passing zlib compression level (#47594)
+* [GH-47596](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47596) - [C++][Parquet] Fix printing of large Decimal statistics (#47619)
+* [GH-47602](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47602) - [Python] Make Schema hashable even when it has metadata (#47601)
+* [GH-47614](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47614) - [CI] Upgrade vcpkg on our CI (#47627)
+* [GH-47620](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47620) - [CI][C++] Use Ubuntu 24.04 for ASAN UBSAN job (#47623)
+* [GH-47625](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47625) - [Python] Free-threaded musllinux and manylinux wheels started failing with cffi 2.0.0 (#47626)
+* [GH-47655](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47655) - [C++][Parquet][CI] Fix failure to generate seed corpus (#47656)
+* [GH-47659](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47659) - [C++] Fix Arrow Flight Testing's unresolved external symbol error  (#47660)
+* [GH-47673](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47673) - [CI][Integration] Fix Go build failure (#47674)
+* [GH-47682](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47682) - [R] `install_pyarrow(nightly = TRUE)` installs old pyarrow (#47699)
+* [GH-47695](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47695) - [CI][Release] Link arrow-io hdfs_test to c++fs on compilers where std:::filesystem is not default present (#47701)
+* [GH-47740](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47740) - [C++][Parquet] Fix undefined behavior when reading invalid Parquet data (#47741)
+* [GH-47742](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47742) - [C++][CI] Silence Valgrind leak on protobuf initialization (#47743)
+* [GH-47748](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47748) - [C++][Dataset] Fix link error on macOS (#47749)
+* [GH-47795](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47795) - [Archery] Add support for custom Docker registry (#47796)
+* [GH-47803](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47803) - [C++][Parquet] Fix read out of bounds on invalid RLE data (#47804)
+* [GH-47809](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47809) - [CI][Release] Fix Windows verification job trying to install patch from conda (#47810)
+* [GH-47819](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47819) - [CI][Packaging][Release] Avoid triggering Linux packages on release branch push (#47826)
+* [GH-47838](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47838) - [C++][Parquet] Set Variant specification version to 1 to align with the variant spec (#47835)
+
+
+## New Features and Improvements
+
+* [GH-20125](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/20125) - [Docs][Python] Restructure developers/python.rst (#47334)
+* [GH-30036](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/30036) - [C++] Timezone-aware kernels should handle offset strings (e.g. "+04:30") (#12865)
+* [GH-38211](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/38211) - [MATLAB] Add support for creating an empty `arrow.tabular.RecordBatch` by calling `arrow.recordBatch` with no input arguments (#47060)
+* [GH-38213](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/38213) - [MATLAB] Create a superclass for tabular type MATLAB tests (i.e. for `Table` and `RecordBatch`) (#47107)
+* [GH-38422](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/38422) - [MATLAB] Add `NumNulls` property to `arrow.array.Array` class (#47116)
+* [GH-38532](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/38532) - [MATLAB] Add a `validate` method to all `arrow.array.Array` classes (#47059)
+* [GH-38572](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/38572) - [Docs][MATLAB] Update `arrow/matlab/README.md` with the latest change. (#47109)
+* [GH-39875](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/39875) - [C++] Why arrow decimal divide precision and scale is not correct?
+* [GH-41108](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41108) - [Docs] Remove Sphinx pin (#47326)
+* [GH-41239](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41239) - [C++] Support to write csv header without quotes (#47524)
+* [GH-41476](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/41476) - [Python][C++] Impossible to specify `is_adjusted_to_utc` for `Time` type when writing to Parquet (#47316)
+* [GH-42137](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/42137) - [CI][Python] Add Python Windows GitHub Action and remove AppVeyor (#47567)
+* [GH-43662](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/43662) - [R] Add binding to stringr::str_replace_na() (#47521)
+* [GH-43694](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/43694) - [C++] Add `Executor *` Option to `arrow::dataset::ScanOptions` (#43698)
+* [GH-43904](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/43904) - [CI][Python] Stop uploading nightly wheels to gemfury (#47470)
+* [GH-44345](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/44345) - [C++][Parquet] Add Decimal32/64 support to Parquet (#47427)
+* [GH-44800](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/44800) - [C#] Implement Flight SQL Client (#44783)
+* [GH-45055](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/45055) - [C++][Flight] Update Flight Server RecordBatchStreamImpl to reuse ipc::RecordBatchWriter with custom IpcPayloadWriter instead of manually generating FlightPayload (#47115)
+* [GH-45056](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/45056) - [C++][Flight] Fully support dictionary replacement in Flight
+* [GH-45382](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/45382) - [Python] Add support for pandas DataFrame.attrs (#47147)
+* [GH-45639](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/45639) - [C++][Statistics] Add support for ARROW:average_byte_width:{exac,approximate} (#46385)
+* [GH-45860](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/45860) - [C++] Respect CPU affinity in cpu_count and ThreadPool default capacity (#47152)
+* [GH-45921](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/45921) - [Release][R] Use GitHub Release not apache.jfrog.io (#45964)
+* [GH-46137](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46137) - [C++] Replace grpc-cpp conda package with libgrpc (#47606)
+* [GH-46272](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46272) - [C++] Build Arrow libraries with `-Wmissing-definitions` on gcc (#47042)
+* [GH-46374](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46374) - [Python][Doc] Improve docs to specify that source argument on parquet.read_table can also be a list of strings (#47142)
+* [GH-46410](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46410) - [C++] Add parquet options to Meson configuration (#46647)
+* [GH-46669](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46669) - [CI][Archery] Automate Zulip and email notifications for Extra CI (#47546)
+* [GH-46728](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46728) - [Python] Skip test_gdb.py tests if PyArrow wasn't built debug (#46755)
+* [GH-46835](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46835) - [C++] Add more configuration options to arrow::EqualOptions (#47204)
+* [GH-46860](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46860) - [C++] Making HalfFloatBuilder accept Float16 as well as uint16_t (#46981)
+* [GH-46905](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46905) - [C++][Parquet] Expose Statistics.is_{min/max}_value_exact and default set to true if min/max are set (#46992)
+* [GH-46908](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46908) - [Docs][Format] Add variant extension type docs (#47456)
+* [GH-46937](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46937) - [C++] Enable arrow::EqualOptions for arrow::Table (#47164)
+* [GH-46938](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46938) - [C++] Enhance arrow::ChunkedArray::Equals to support floating-point comparison when values share the same memory (#47044)
+* [GH-46939](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46939) - [C++] Add support for shared memory comparison in arrow::RecordBatch  (#47149)
+* [GH-46962](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46962) - [C++][Parquet] Generic xsimd function and dynamic dispatch for Byte Stream Split (#46963)
+* [GH-46971](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46971) - [C++][Parquet] Use temporary buffers when decrypting Parquet data pages (#46972)
+* [GH-46982](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/46982) - [C++] Remove Boost dependency from hdfs_test (#47200)
+* [GH-47005](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47005) - [C++] Disable exporting CMake packages (#47006)
+* [GH-47012](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47012) - [C++][Parquet] Reserve values correctly when reading BYTE_ARRAY and FLBA (#47013)
+* [GH-47040](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47040) - [C++] Refine reset of Span to be reusable (#47004)
+* [GH-47045](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47045) - [CI][C++] Use Fedora 42 instead of 39 (#47046)
+* [GH-47047](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47047) - [CI][C++] Use Google Cloud Storage Testbench v0.55.0 (#47048)
+* [GH-47058](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47058) - [Release] Update Release Management Guide to reflect status in preparation for Arrow 22 (#47474)
+* [GH-47075](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47075) - [Release][Dev] Use GH_TOKEN as GitHub token environment variable (#47181)
+* [GH-47084](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47084) - [Release] Stop using https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/dev/arrow/KEYS (#47182)
+* [GH-47088](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47088) - [CI][Dev] Fix shellcheck errors in the ci/scripts/integration_arrow.sh (#47089)
+* [GH-47102](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47102) - [Statistics][C++] Implement Statistics specification attribute ARROW:max_byte_width:{exact,approximate} Component: C++  (#47463)
+* [GH-47106](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47106) - [R] Update R package to use R 4.1+ native forward pipe syntax (#47622)
+* [GH-47112](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47112) - [Parquet][C++] Rle BitPacked parser (#47294)
+* [GH-47120](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47120) - [R] Update NEWS for 21.0.0 (#47121)
+* [GH-47123](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47123) - [Python] Add Enums to PyArrow Types  (#47139)
+* [GH-47125](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47125) - [CI][Dev] Fix shellcheck errors in the ci/scripts/integration_hdfs.sh (#47126)
+* [GH-47137](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47137) - [Python][dependency-groups] ` (#47176)
+* [GH-47153](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47153) - [Docs][C++] Update cmake target table in build_system.rst with newly added targets (#47154)
+* [GH-47157](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47157) - [Docs] Improve presentation of Other available packages section in build_system.rst (#47411)
+* [GH-47172](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47172) - [Python] Add a utility function to create Arrow table instead of pandas df (#47199)
+* [GH-47184](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47184) - [Parquet][C++] Avoid multiplication overflow in FixedSizeBinaryBuilder::Reserve (#47185)
+* [GH-47191](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47191) - [R] Turn GCS back on by default on MacOS source builds (#47192)
+* [GH-47193](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47193) - [R] Update R Makefile to exclude flight odbc from cpp sync  (#47194)
+* [GH-47205](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47205) - [C++] Suppress GNU variadic macro warnings (#47286)
+* [GH-47208](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47208) - [C++][CI] Add a CI job for C++23 (#47261)
+* [GH-47208](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47208) - [C++] Update bundled s2n-tls to 1.5.23 (#47220)
+* [GH-47211](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47211) - [CI][R] Disable non-system memory allocators when on linux-devel (#47212)
+* [GH-47218](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47218) - [C++] Update bundled s2n-tls
+* [GH-47222](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47222) - [CI][C++] Add a CI job that uses the same build options for JNI on macOS (#47305)
+* [GH-47223](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47223) - [Release] Use "upstream" as apache/arrow{,-site} remote name (#47224)
+* [GH-47225](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47225) - [C++] Remove Skyhook (#47262)
+* [GH-47232](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47232) - [Ruby] Suppress warnings in test with Ruby 3.5 (#47233)
+* [GH-47244](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47244) - [CI][Dev] Fix shellcheck errors in the ci/scripts/msys2_setup.sh (#47245)
+* [GH-47258](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47258) - [Release] Set `date:` for apache/arrow-site's `_release/${VERSION}.md` (#47260)
+* [GH-47263](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47263) - [MATLAB] Add `NumNulls` property to `arrow.array.ChunkedArray` class (#47264)
+* [GH-47289](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47289) - [CI][Dev] Fix shellcheck errors in the ci/scripts/python_build_emscripten.sh (#47290)
+* [GH-47291](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47291) - [C++] Update bundled aws-c-common to 0.12.4 (#47292)
+* [GH-47306](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47306) - [CI][Dev] Fix shellcheck errors in the ci/scripts/python_build.sh (#47307)
+* [GH-47312](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47312) - [Packaging] Add support for Debian forky (#47342)
+* [GH-47317](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47317) - [C++][C++23][Gandiva] Use pointer for Cache test (#47318)
+* [GH-47319](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47319) - [CI] Fix actions/checkout hash version comments (#47320)
+* [GH-47321](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47321) - [CI][Dev] Fix shellcheck errors in the ci/scripts/python_sdist_test.sh (#47322)
+* [GH-47338](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47338) - [C++][Python] Remove deprecated string-based Parquet encryption methods (#47339)
+* [GH-47349](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47349) - [C++] Include request ID in AWS S3 Error (#47351)
+* [GH-47358](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47358) - [Python] IPC and Flight options representation (#47461)
+* [GH-47370](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47370) - [Python] Require Cython 3.1 (#47396)
+* [GH-47375](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47375) - [C++][Compute] Move scatter function into compute core (#47378)
+* [GH-47384](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47384) - [C++][Acero] Isolate BackpressureHandler from ExecNode (#47386)
+* [GH-47395](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47395) - [R] Update fedora-clang to install latest clang version to match CRAN setup (#47206)
+* [GH-47401](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47401) - [C++] Remove needless Snappy patch (#47407)
+* [GH-47404](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47404) - [Ruby] Remove needless `require "extpp/setup"` (#47405)
+* [GH-47412](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47412) - [C++] Use inlineshidden visibility in Meson configuration (#47413)
+* [GH-47422](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47422) - [Python][C++][Flight] Expose ipc::ReadStats in Flight MetadataRecordBatchReader (#47432)
+* [GH-47438](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47438) - [Python][Packaging] Set up wheel building for Python 3.14 (#47616)
+* [GH-47443](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47443) - [Python][Packaging] Drop Python 3.9 support (#47478)
+* [GH-47449](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47449) - [C++][Parquet] Do not drop all Statistics if SortOrder is UNKNOWN (#47466)
+* [GH-47469](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47469) - [C++][Gandiva] Add support for LLVM 21.1.0 (#47473)
+* [GH-47483](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47483) - [C++] Bump vendored xxhash to 0.8.3 (#47476)
+* [GH-47500](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47500) - [C++] Add QualifierAlignment to clang-format options (#47501)
+* [GH-47505](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47505) - [CI][C#][Integration] Use apache/arrow-dotnet (#47508)
+* [GH-47509](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47509) - [CI][Packaging][Linux] Enable Docker build cache (#47510)
+* [GH-47512](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47512) - [C++] Bump meson-fmt in pre-commit to 1.9.0 (#47513)
+* [GH-47514](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47514) - [C++][Parquet] Add unpack tests and benchmarks (#47515)
+* [GH-47516](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47516) - [C++][FlightRPC] Initial ODBC driver framework (#47517)
+* [GH-47518](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47518) - [C++][FlightRPC] Replace `spdlogs` with Arrow's Internal Logging (#47645)
+* [GH-47523](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47523) - [C#] Remove csharp/ (#47547)
+* [GH-47543](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47543) - [C++] Search for system install of Azure libraries with Meson (#47544)
+* [GH-47552](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47552) - [C++] Fix creating wrong object by `FixedShapeTensorType::MakeArray()` (#47533)
+* [GH-47575](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47575) - [Python] add quoting_header option to pyarrow WriterOptions (#47610)
+* [GH-47582](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47582) - [CI][Packaging] Move linux-packaging tasks to apache/arrow repository (#47600)
+* [GH-47584](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47584) - [C++][CI] Remove "large memory" mark from TestListArray::TestOverflowCheck (#47585)
+* [GH-47588](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47588) - [C++] Bump mimalloc version to 3.1.5 (#47589)
+* [GH-47597](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47597) - [C++][Parquet] Fuzz more data types (#47621)
+* [GH-47632](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47632) - [CI][C++] Add a CI job for JNI on Linux (#47746)
+* [GH-47633](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47633) - [Dev][Integration] Write all files with `--write_generated_json` (#47634)
+* [GH-47639](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47639) - [Benchmarking] Clean up conbench config (#47638)
+* [GH-47646](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47646) - [C++][FlightRPC] Follow Naming Convention (#47658)
+* [GH-47648](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47648) - [Archery][Integration] More granularity in JSON test cases (#47649)
+* [GH-47650](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47650) - [Archery][Integration] Add option to generate gold files (#47651)
+* [GH-47679](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47679) - [C++] Register arrow compute calls in ODBC (#47680)
+* [GH-47704](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47704) - [R] Update paths in nightly libarrow upload job (#47727)
+* [GH-47705](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47705) - [R][CI] Migrate rhub debian-gcc-release to equivalent supported image (#47730)
+* [GH-47738](https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/47738) - [R] Update NEWS.md for 22.0.0 (#47739)
+
+
+
 # Apache Arrow 6.0.1 (2021-11-18)
 
 ## Bug Fixes
diff --git a/c_glib/meson.build b/c_glib/meson.build
index b56157e66c3..f10a8042545 100644
--- a/c_glib/meson.build
+++ b/c_glib/meson.build
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ project(
     #   * 22.04: 0.61.2
     #   * 24.04: 1.3.2
     meson_version: '>=0.61.2',
-    version: '22.0.0-SNAPSHOT',
+    version: '22.0.0',
 )
 
 version = meson.project_version()
diff --git a/c_glib/vcpkg.json b/c_glib/vcpkg.json
index 004f2e12ffe..150f54a1d41 100644
--- a/c_glib/vcpkg.json
+++ b/c_glib/vcpkg.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "arrow-glib",
-  "version-string": "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT",
+  "version-string": "22.0.0",
   "$comment:dependencies": "We can enable gobject-introspection again once it's updated",
   "dependencies": [
     "glib",
diff --git a/ci/conda_env_unix.txt b/ci/conda_env_unix.txt
index 1973238adff..4728068c4e8 100644
--- a/ci/conda_env_unix.txt
+++ b/ci/conda_env_unix.txt
@@ -20,4 +20,5 @@
 autoconf
 ccache
 orc
+patch
 pkg-config
diff --git a/ci/docker/alpine-linux-3.22-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/alpine-linux-3.22-cpp.dockerfile
index f03e1913e27..48907e61a4a 100644
--- a/ci/docker/alpine-linux-3.22-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/alpine-linux-3.22-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ RUN apk add \
         musl-locales \
         nlohmann-json \
         openssl-dev \
+        patch \
         perl \
         pkgconfig \
         protobuf-dev \
diff --git a/ci/docker/cpp-jni.dockerfile b/ci/docker/cpp-jni.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b21ec762d67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/docker/cpp-jni.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+ARG base
+FROM ${base}
+
+ARG arch
+ARG arch_short
+
+SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-i", "-c"]
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "-i", "-c"]
+
+# Install basic dependencies
+RUN dnf install -y \
+    autoconf \
+    curl \
+    flex \
+    gdb \
+    git \
+    perl-IPC-Cmd \
+    wget \
+    zip
+
+# A system Python is required for Ninja and vcpkg in this Dockerfile.
+# On manylinux_2_28 base images, no system Python is installed.
+# We therefore override the PATH with Python 3.10 in /opt/python
+# so that we have a consistent Python version across base images.
+ENV CPYTHON_VERSION=cp310
+ENV PATH=/opt/python/${CPYTHON_VERSION}-${CPYTHON_VERSION}/bin:${PATH}
+
+# Install CMake
+ARG cmake=3.29.2
+COPY ci/scripts/install_cmake.sh arrow/ci/scripts/
+RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_cmake.sh ${cmake} /usr/local
+
+# Install Ninja
+ARG ninja=1.10.2
+COPY ci/scripts/install_ninja.sh arrow/ci/scripts/
+RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_ninja.sh ${ninja} /usr/local
+
+# Install ccache
+ARG ccache=4.1
+COPY ci/scripts/install_ccache.sh arrow/ci/scripts/
+RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_ccache.sh ${ccache} /usr/local
+
+# Install vcpkg
+ARG vcpkg
+COPY ci/vcpkg/*.patch \
+     ci/vcpkg/*linux*.cmake \
+     ci/vcpkg/vcpkg.json \
+     arrow/ci/vcpkg/
+COPY ci/scripts/install_vcpkg.sh \
+     arrow/ci/scripts/
+ENV VCPKG_ROOT=/opt/vcpkg
+ARG build_type=release
+ENV CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${build_type} \
+    PATH="${PATH}:${VCPKG_ROOT}" \
+    VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET=${arch_short}-linux-static-${build_type} \
+    VCPKG_FEATURE_FLAGS="manifests" \
+    VCPKG_FORCE_SYSTEM_BINARIES=1 \
+    VCPKG_OVERLAY_TRIPLETS=/arrow/ci/vcpkg
+# For --mount=type=secret: The GITHUB_TOKEN is the only real secret but we use
+# --mount=type=secret for GITHUB_REPOSITORY_OWNER and
+# VCPKG_BINARY_SOURCES too because we don't want to store them
+# into the built image in order to easily reuse the built image cache.
+#
+# For vcpkg install: cannot use the S3 feature here because while
+# aws-sdk-cpp=1.9.160 contains ssl related fixes as well as we can
+# patch the vcpkg portfile to support arm machines it hits ARROW-15141
+# where we would need to fall back to 1.8.186 but we cannot patch
+# those portfiles since vcpkg-tool handles the checkout of previous
+# versions => use bundled S3 build
+RUN --mount=type=secret,id=github_repository_owner \
+    --mount=type=secret,id=github_token \
+    --mount=type=secret,id=vcpkg_binary_sources \
+      export GITHUB_REPOSITORY_OWNER=$(cat /run/secrets/github_repository_owner); \
+      export GITHUB_TOKEN=$(cat /run/secrets/github_token); \
+      export VCPKG_BINARY_SOURCES=$(cat /run/secrets/vcpkg_binary_sources); \
+      arrow/ci/scripts/install_vcpkg.sh ${VCPKG_ROOT} ${vcpkg} && \
+      vcpkg install \
+        --clean-after-build \
+        --x-install-root=${VCPKG_ROOT}/installed \
+        --x-manifest-root=/arrow/ci/vcpkg \
+        --x-feature=azure \
+        --x-feature=dev \
+        --x-feature=flight \
+        --x-feature=gandiva \
+        --x-feature=gcs \
+        --x-feature=json \
+        --x-feature=orc \
+        --x-feature=parquet \
+        --x-feature=s3 && \
+      rm -rf ~/.config/NuGet/
+
+ENV ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
+    ARROW_CMAKE_ARGS="-DARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON" \
+    CMAKE_PRESET=ninja-${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}-jni-linux
diff --git a/ci/docker/debian-12-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/debian-12-cpp.dockerfile
index 15716151fce..44c845bb17e 100644
--- a/ci/docker/debian-12-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/debian-12-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         ninja-build \
         nlohmann-json3-dev \
         npm \
+        patch \
         pkg-config \
         protobuf-compiler-grpc \
         python3-dev \
diff --git a/ci/docker/debian-13-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/debian-13-cpp.dockerfile
index 3e5c645c81a..ca96b4177ff 100644
--- a/ci/docker/debian-13-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/debian-13-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         nlohmann-json3-dev \
         npm \
         opentelemetry-cpp-dev \
+        patch \
         pkg-config \
         protobuf-compiler-grpc \
         python3-dev \
diff --git a/ci/docker/debian-experimental-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/debian-experimental-cpp.dockerfile
index 2721b1d5f20..743f5ddd3be 100644
--- a/ci/docker/debian-experimental-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/debian-experimental-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ RUN if [ -n "${gcc}" ]; then \
         nlohmann-json3-dev \
         npm \
         opentelemetry-cpp-dev \
+        patch \
         pkg-config \
         protobuf-compiler-grpc \
         python3-dev \
diff --git a/ci/docker/fedora-42-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/fedora-42-cpp.dockerfile
index 82e3fa9f7aa..cabb066fec3 100644
--- a/ci/docker/fedora-42-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/fedora-42-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ RUN dnf update -y && \
         make \
         ninja-build \
         openssl-devel \
+        patch \
         protobuf-devel \
         python \
         python-devel \
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports.dockerfile
index c884611ca39..e4149821de3 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports.dockerfile
@@ -18,18 +18,20 @@
 ARG base
 FROM ${base}
 
+ARG python_version=3.13
+
 ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 
 RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
     apt install -y -q --no-install-recommends software-properties-common gpg-agent && \
     add-apt-repository -y ppa:deadsnakes/ppa && \
     apt-get update -y -q && \
-    apt install -y -q --no-install-recommends python3.13-dev python3.13-nogil python3.13-venv && \
+    apt install -y -q --no-install-recommends python${python_version}-dev python${python_version}-nogil python${python_version}-venv && \
     apt-get clean && \
     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists*
 
 ENV ARROW_PYTHON_VENV /arrow-dev
-RUN python3.13t -m venv ${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}
+RUN python${python_version}t -m venv ${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}
 
 ENV PYTHON_GIL 0
 ENV PATH "${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}/bin:${PATH}"
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests.dockerfile
index 3c4c53f805e..566f0c0402a 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests.dockerfile
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 ARG base
 FROM ${base}
 
+ARG python_version=3.13
+
 ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 
 RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
@@ -27,14 +29,14 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
     apt install -y -q --no-install-recommends \
         build-essential \
         libffi-dev \
-        python3.13-dev \
-        python3.13-nogil \
-        python3.13-venv && \
+        python${python_version}-dev \
+        python${python_version}-nogil \
+        python${python_version}-venv && \
     apt-get clean && \
     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists*
 
 ENV ARROW_PYTHON_VENV /arrow-dev
-RUN python3.13t -m venv ${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}
+RUN python${python_version}t -m venv ${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}
 
 ENV PYTHON_GIL 0
 ENV PATH "${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}/bin:${PATH}"
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports.dockerfile
index 526f345416b..e79facb4904 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports.dockerfile
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 ARG base
 FROM ${base}
 
+ARG python_version=3.13
+ARG python_patch_version=3.13.7
+
 RUN apk add --no-cache \
     bash \
     build-base \
@@ -34,19 +37,19 @@ RUN apk add --no-cache \
     tzdata \
     zlib-dev
 
-# Install Python3.13.2 without GIL
-RUN wget https://github.com/python/cpython/archive/refs/tags/v3.13.2.tar.gz && \
-    tar -xzf v3.13.2.tar.gz && \
-    rm v3.13.2.tar.gz && \
-    cd cpython-3.13.2/ && \
+# Install Python without GIL
+RUN wget https://github.com/python/cpython/archive/refs/tags/v${python_patch_version}.tar.gz && \
+    tar -xzf v${python_patch_version}.tar.gz && \
+    rm v${python_patch_version}.tar.gz && \
+    cd cpython-${python_patch_version}/ && \
     ./configure --disable-gil --with-ensurepip && \
     make -j && \
     make install && \
     cd ../ && \
-    rm -rf cpython-3.13.2/
+    rm -rf cpython-${python_patch_version}/
 
 ENV ARROW_PYTHON_VENV /arrow-dev
-RUN python3.13t -m venv ${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}
+RUN python${python_version}t -m venv ${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}
 
 ENV PYTHON_GIL 0
 ENV PATH "${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}/bin:${PATH}"
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests.dockerfile
index fa2139b6ba5..3b170087ba8 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests.dockerfile
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 ARG base
 FROM ${base}
 
+ARG python_version=3.13
+ARG python_patch_version=3.13.7
+
 RUN apk add --no-cache \
     bash \
     build-base \
@@ -34,19 +37,19 @@ RUN apk add --no-cache \
     tzdata \
     zlib-dev
 
-# Install Python3.13.2 without GIL
-RUN wget https://github.com/python/cpython/archive/refs/tags/v3.13.2.tar.gz && \
-    tar -xzf v3.13.2.tar.gz && \
-    rm v3.13.2.tar.gz && \
-    cd cpython-3.13.2/ && \
+# Install Python without GIL
+RUN wget https://github.com/python/cpython/archive/refs/tags/v${python_patch_version}.tar.gz && \
+    tar -xzf v${python_patch_version}.tar.gz && \
+    rm v${python_patch_version}.tar.gz && \
+    cd cpython-${python_patch_version}/ && \
     ./configure --disable-gil --with-ensurepip && \
     make -j && \
     make install && \
     cd ../ && \
-    rm -rf cpython-3.13.2/
+    rm -rf cpython-${python_patch_version}/
 
 ENV ARROW_PYTHON_VENV /arrow-dev
-RUN python3.13t -m venv ${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}
+RUN python${python_version}t -m venv ${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}
 
 ENV PYTHON_GIL 0
 ENV PATH "${ARROW_PYTHON_VENV}/bin:${PATH}"
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile
index 5b27c786ff4..ab257b271e5 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile
@@ -26,24 +26,34 @@ FROM ${base}
 
 ARG python=3.13
 
+# hadolint ignore=SC1072
+RUN (if "%python%"=="3.13" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.13.1") & \
+    (if "%python%"=="3.14" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.14.0")
+
 SHELL ["powershell", "-NoProfile", "-Command", "$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'; $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue';"]
-RUN $filename = 'python-3.13.1-amd64.exe'; \
-    $url = 'https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.1/' + $filename; \
+RUN $version = $env:PYTHON_VERSION; \
+    $filename = 'python-' + $version + '-amd64.exe'; \
+    $url = 'https://www.python.org/ftp/python/' + $version + '/' + $filename; \
     Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $url -OutFile $filename; \
     Start-Process -FilePath $filename -ArgumentList '/quiet', 'Include_freethreaded=1' -Wait
 
 ENV PYTHON_CMD="py -${python}t"
 
 SHELL ["cmd", "/S", "/C"]
-RUN %PYTHON_CMD% -m pip install -U pip setuptools
-
-COPY python/requirements-wheel-test-3.13t.txt C:/arrow/python/
-# Cython and Pandas wheels for 3.13 free-threaded are not released yet
+RUN %PYTHON_CMD% -m pip install -U pip setuptools & \
+    if "%python%"=="3.13" ( \
+        setx REQUIREMENTS_FILE "requirements-wheel-test-3.13t.txt" \
+    ) else ( \
+        setx REQUIREMENTS_FILE "requirements-wheel-test.txt" \
+    )
+
+COPY python/requirements-wheel-test-3.13t.txt python/requirements-wheel-test.txt C:/arrow/python/
+# Cython and Pandas wheels for free-threaded are not released yet
 RUN %PYTHON_CMD% -m pip install \
     --extra-index-url https://pypi.anaconda.org/scientific-python-nightly-wheels/simple \
     --pre \
     --prefer-binary \
-    -r C:/arrow/python/requirements-wheel-test-3.13t.txt
+    -r C:/arrow/python/%REQUIREMENTS_FILE%
 
 ENV PYTHON="${python}t"
 ENV PYTHON_GIL=0
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-vs2022.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-vs2022.dockerfile
index adbdccde71d..77a64fd5c24 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-vs2022.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-vs2022.dockerfile
@@ -26,9 +26,13 @@ FROM ${base}
 
 ARG python=3.13
 
+RUN (if "%python%"=="3.13" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.13.1") & \
+    (if "%python%"=="3.14" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.14.0")
+
 SHELL ["powershell", "-NoProfile", "-Command", "$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'; $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue';"]
-RUN $filename = 'python-3.13.1-amd64.exe'; \
-    $url = 'https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.1/' + $filename; \
+RUN $version = $env:PYTHON_VERSION; \
+    $filename = 'python-' + $version + '-amd64.exe'; \
+    $url = 'https://www.python.org/ftp/python/' + $version + '/' + $filename; \
     Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $url -OutFile $filename; \
     Start-Process -FilePath $filename -ArgumentList '/quiet', 'Include_freethreaded=1' -Wait
 
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-wheel-musllinux.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-wheel-musllinux.dockerfile
index c1c4fd5bd28..d00d44bd093 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-wheel-musllinux.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-wheel-musllinux.dockerfile
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ RUN --mount=type=secret,id=github_repository_owner \
       export GITHUB_REPOSITORY_OWNER=$(cat /run/secrets/github_repository_owner); \
       export GITHUB_TOKEN=$(cat /run/secrets/github_token); \
       export VCPKG_BINARY_SOURCES=$(cat /run/secrets/vcpkg_binary_sources); \
+      export CMAKE_POLICY_VERSION_MINIMUM=3.5; \
       arrow/ci/scripts/install_vcpkg.sh ${VCPKG_ROOT} ${vcpkg} && \
       vcpkg install \
         --clean-after-build \
@@ -110,10 +111,5 @@ RUN PYTHON_ROOT=$(find /opt/python -name cp${PYTHON_VERSION/./}-${PYTHON_ABI_TAG
 SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-i", "-c", "-l"]
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "-i", "-c", "-l"]
 
-# Remove once there are released Cython wheels for 3.13 free-threaded available
-RUN if [ "${python_abi_tag}" = "cp313t" ]; then \
-      pip install cython --pre --extra-index-url "https://pypi.anaconda.org/scientific-python-nightly-wheels/simple" --prefer-binary ; \
-    fi
-
 COPY python/requirements-wheel-build.txt /arrow/python/
 RUN pip install -r /arrow/python/requirements-wheel-build.txt
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile
index a520fac6215..1bed37eb001 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile
@@ -30,8 +30,9 @@ FROM ${base}
 ARG python=3.10
 RUN (if "%python%"=="3.10" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.10.11" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.10") & \
     (if "%python%"=="3.11" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.11.9" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.11") & \
-    (if "%python%"=="3.12" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.12.8" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.12") & \
-    (if "%python%"=="3.13" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.13.1" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.13")
+    (if "%python%"=="3.12" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.12.10" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.12") & \
+    (if "%python%"=="3.13" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.13.7" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.13") & \
+    (if "%python%"=="3.14" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.14.0" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.14")
 
 # hadolint ignore=DL3059
 RUN choco install -r -y --pre --no-progress --force python --version=%PYTHON_VERSION%
diff --git a/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-vs2022.dockerfile b/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-vs2022.dockerfile
index c15970ca9b4..04750ff44c4 100644
--- a/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-vs2022.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-vs2022.dockerfile
@@ -25,8 +25,9 @@ FROM ${base}
 ARG python=3.10
 RUN (if "%python%"=="3.10" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.10.11" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.10") & \
     (if "%python%"=="3.11" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.11.9" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.11") & \
-    (if "%python%"=="3.12" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.12.8" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.12") & \
-    (if "%python%"=="3.13" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.13.1" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.13")
+    (if "%python%"=="3.12" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.12.10" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.12") & \
+    (if "%python%"=="3.13" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.13.7" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.13") & \
+    (if "%python%"=="3.14" setx PYTHON_VERSION "3.14.0" && setx PYTHON_CMD "py -3.14")
 
 RUN choco install -r -y --pre --no-progress python --version=%PYTHON_VERSION%
 RUN %PYTHON_CMD% -m pip install -U pip setuptools
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
index 2a90a5637d4..d38dd418e29 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         git \
         libssl-dev \
         libcurl4-openssl-dev \
+        patch \
         python3-pip \
         python3-venv \
         tzdata \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp.dockerfile
index 44c1a452c17..88a27efe335 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         ninja-build \
         nlohmann-json3-dev \
         npm \
+        patch \
         pkg-config \
         protobuf-compiler \
         protobuf-compiler-grpc \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-24.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-24.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
index a1fd178a2c7..5e114d5dcd9 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-24.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-24.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         git \
         libssl-dev \
         libcurl4-openssl-dev \
+        patch \
         python3-pip \
         python3-venv \
         tzdata \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-24.04-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-24.04-cpp.dockerfile
index 6bc49a4c842..0347d452d7b 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-24.04-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-24.04-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         ninja-build \
         nlohmann-json3-dev \
         npm \
+        patch \
         pkg-config \
         protobuf-compiler \
         protobuf-compiler-grpc \
diff --git a/ci/scripts/PKGBUILD b/ci/scripts/PKGBUILD
index bf902c1cb64..9b53ba99704 100644
--- a/ci/scripts/PKGBUILD
+++ b/ci/scripts/PKGBUILD
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 _realname=arrow
 pkgbase=mingw-w64-${_realname}
 pkgname="${MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX}-${_realname}"
-pkgver=21.0.0.9000
+pkgver=22.0.0
 pkgrel=8000
 pkgdesc="Apache Arrow is a cross-language development platform for in-memory data (mingw-w64)"
 arch=("any")
diff --git a/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh b/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh
index 3a4431239f1..fd550d8fb08 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh
@@ -174,6 +174,11 @@ elif [ "${ARROW_EMSCRIPTEN:-OFF}" = "ON" ]; then
     -DCMAKE_UNITY_BUILD=${CMAKE_UNITY_BUILD:-OFF} \
     ${ARROW_CMAKE_ARGS} \
     ${source_dir}
+elif [ -n "${CMAKE_PRESET}" ]; then
+  cmake \
+    --preset="${CMAKE_PRESET}" \
+    ${ARROW_CMAKE_ARGS} \
+    ${source_dir}
 else
   cmake \
     -Dabsl_SOURCE=${absl_SOURCE:-} \
@@ -308,10 +313,14 @@ fi
 popd
 
 if [ -x "$(command -v ldconfig)" ]; then
-  if [ -x "$(command -v sudo)" ]; then
-    SUDO=sudo
-  else
+  if [ "$(id --user)" -eq 0 ]; then
     SUDO=
+  else
+    if [ -x "$(command -v sudo)" ]; then
+      SUDO=sudo
+    else
+      SUDO=
+    fi
   fi
   ${SUDO} ldconfig ${ARROW_HOME}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR:-lib}
 fi
diff --git a/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh b/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh
index 3d88b6f1cd5..4243e78bca7 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh
@@ -47,6 +47,12 @@ ctest_options=()
 if ! type azurite >/dev/null 2>&1; then
   exclude_tests+=("arrow-azurefs-test")
 fi
+if ! type storage-testbench >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  exclude_tests+=("arrow-gcsfs-test")
+fi
+if ! type minio >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  exclude_tests+=("arrow-s3fs-test")
+fi
 case "$(uname)" in
   Linux)
     n_jobs=$(nproc)
@@ -114,6 +120,41 @@ else
     "$@"
 fi
 
+# This is for testing find_package(Arrow).
+#
+# Note that this is not a perfect solution. We should improve this
+# later.
+#
+# * This is ad-hoc
+# * This doesn't test other CMake packages such as ArrowDataset
+if [ "${ARROW_USE_MESON:-OFF}" = "OFF" ] && \
+     [ "${ARROW_EMSCRIPTEN:-OFF}" = "OFF" ] && \
+     [ "${ARROW_USE_ASAN:-OFF}" = "OFF" ]; then
+  CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:-${ARROW_HOME}}"
+  case "$(uname)" in
+    MINGW*)
+      # <prefix>/lib/cmake/ isn't searched on Windows.
+      #
+      # See also:
+      # https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/command/find_package.html#config-mode-search-procedure
+      CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH+="/lib/cmake/"
+      ;;
+  esac
+  if [ -n "${VCPKG_ROOT}" ] && [ -n "${VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET}" ]; then
+    CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH+=";${VCPKG_ROOT}/installed/${VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET}"
+  fi
+  cmake \
+    -S "${source_dir}/examples/minimal_build" \
+    -B "${build_dir}/examples/minimal_build" \
+    -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH}"
+  cmake --build "${build_dir}/examples/minimal_build"
+  pushd "${source_dir}/examples/minimal_build"
+  # PATH= is for Windows.
+  PATH="${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:-${ARROW_HOME}}/bin:${PATH}" \
+    "${build_dir}/examples/minimal_build/arrow-example"
+  popd
+fi
+
 if [ "${ARROW_BUILD_EXAMPLES}" == "ON" ]; then
     examples=$(find "${binary_output_dir}" -executable -name "*example")
     if [ "${examples}" == "" ]; then
diff --git a/ci/scripts/install_python.sh b/ci/scripts/install_python.sh
index 915c58bbb47..fe0c4bcb931 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/install_python.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/install_python.sh
@@ -27,9 +27,11 @@ platforms=([windows]=Windows
 declare -A versions
 versions=([3.10]=3.10.11
           [3.11]=3.11.9
-          [3.12]=3.12.9
-          [3.13]=3.13.2
-          [3.13t]=3.13.2)
+          [3.12]=3.12.10
+          [3.13]=3.13.7
+          [3.13t]=3.13.7
+          [3.14]=3.14.0
+          [3.14t]=3.14.0)
 
 if [ "$#" -ne 2 ]; then
   echo "Usage: $0 <platform> <version>"
@@ -50,7 +52,9 @@ if [ "$platform" = "macOS" ]; then
     wget "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${full_version}/${fname}"
 
     echo "Installing Python..."
-    if [[ $2 == "3.13t" ]]; then
+    if [[ $2 == "3.13t" ]] || [[ $2 == "3.14t" ]]; then
+        # Extract the base version without 't' suffix
+        base_version="${version%t}"
         # See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/120098#issuecomment-2151122033 for more info on this.
         cat > ./choicechanges.plist <<EOF
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
@@ -63,7 +67,7 @@ if [ "$platform" = "macOS" ]; then
                 <key>choiceAttribute</key>
                 <string>selected</string>
                 <key>choiceIdentifier</key>
-                <string>org.python.Python.PythonTFramework-3.13</string>
+                <string>org.python.Python.PythonTFramework-${base_version}</string>
         </dict>
 </array>
 </plist>
@@ -76,8 +80,9 @@ EOF
     rm "$fname"
 
     python="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/${version}/bin/python${version}"
-    if [[ $2 == "3.13t" ]]; then
-        python="/Library/Frameworks/PythonT.framework/Versions/3.13/bin/python3.13t"
+    if [[ $2 == "3.13t" ]] || [[ $2 == "3.14t" ]]; then
+        base_version="${version%t}"
+        python="/Library/Frameworks/PythonT.framework/Versions/${base_version}/bin/python${base_version}t"
     fi
 
     echo "Installing Pip..."
diff --git a/ci/scripts/msys2_setup.sh b/ci/scripts/msys2_setup.sh
index 0ce9343a7f7..b4634070a87 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/msys2_setup.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/msys2_setup.sh
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ case "${target}" in
     packages+=("${MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX}-xsimd")
     packages+=("${MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX}-uriparser")
     packages+=("${MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX}-zstd")
+    packages+=("patch")
 
     if [ "${target}" != "ruby" ]; then
       # We don't update the exiting packages for Ruby because
diff --git a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_unix_test.sh b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_unix_test.sh
index e18c0c740ca..2b8ee7be745 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/python_wheel_unix_test.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/python_wheel_unix_test.sh
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ source_dir=${1}
 : "${ARROW_AZURE:=ON}"
 : "${ARROW_FLIGHT:=ON}"
 : "${ARROW_GCS:=ON}"
+: "${CHECK_IMPORTS:=ON}"
 : "${ARROW_S3:=ON}"
 : "${ARROW_SUBSTRAIT:=ON}"
-: "${CHECK_IMPORTS:=ON}"
 : "${CHECK_WHEEL_CONTENT:=ON}"
 : "${CHECK_UNITTESTS:=ON}"
 : "${INSTALL_PYARROW:=ON}"
@@ -106,10 +106,10 @@ is_free_threaded() {
 
 if [ "${CHECK_UNITTESTS}" == "ON" ]; then
   # Install testing dependencies
-  if [ "$(is_free_threaded)" = "ON" ]; then
-    echo "Free-threaded Python build detected"
+  if [ "$(is_free_threaded)" = "ON" ] && [[ "${PYTHON:-}" == *"3.13"* ]]; then
+    echo "Free-threaded Python 3.13 build detected"
     python -m pip install -U -r "${source_dir}/python/requirements-wheel-test-3.13t.txt"
-  elif [ "$(is_free_threaded)" = "OFF" ]; then
+  else
     echo "Regular Python build detected"
     python -m pip install -U -r "${source_dir}/python/requirements-wheel-test.txt"
   fi
diff --git a/ci/vcpkg/vcpkg.json b/ci/vcpkg/vcpkg.json
index 0107153f018..5dfe61a0c60 100644
--- a/ci/vcpkg/vcpkg.json
+++ b/ci/vcpkg/vcpkg.json
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
     "re2",
     "snappy",
     "utf8proc",
+    "xsimd",
     "zlib",
     "zstd",
     {
diff --git a/cpp/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
index e805694f522..14cf1b91411 100644
--- a/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ if(POLICY CMP0170)
   cmake_policy(SET CMP0170 NEW)
 endif()
 
-set(ARROW_VERSION "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
+set(ARROW_VERSION "22.0.0")
 
 string(REGEX MATCH "^[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+" ARROW_BASE_VERSION "${ARROW_VERSION}")
 
diff --git a/cpp/CMakePresets.json b/cpp/CMakePresets.json
index c9e2444389f..e1cad83ae3f 100644
--- a/cpp/CMakePresets.json
+++ b/cpp/CMakePresets.json
@@ -444,7 +444,8 @@
         "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER": "clang++",
         "ARROW_IPC": "ON",
         "ARROW_PARQUET": "ON",
-        "ARROW_FUZZING": "ON"
+        "ARROW_FUZZING": "ON",
+        "ARROW_WITH_SNAPPY": "ON"
       }
     },
     {
@@ -582,6 +583,37 @@
       "displayName": "Benchmarking build with everything enabled",
       "cacheVariables": {}
     },
+    {
+      "name": "ninja-release-jni-linux",
+      "inherits": [
+        "base-release"
+      ],
+      "displayName": "Build for JNI on Linux",
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "ARROW_ACERO": "ON",
+        "ARROW_BUILD_SHARED": "OFF",
+        "ARROW_BUILD_STATIC": "ON",
+        "ARROW_CSV": "ON",
+        "ARROW_DATASET": "ON",
+        "ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE": "VCPKG",
+        "ARROW_DEPENDENCY_USE_SHARED": "OFF",
+        "ARROW_GANDIVA": "ON",
+        "ARROW_GANDIVA_STATIC_LIBSTDCPP": "ON",
+        "ARROW_GCS": "ON",
+        "ARROW_JSON": "ON",
+        "ARROW_ORC": "ON",
+        "ARROW_PARQUET": "ON",
+        "ARROW_RPATH_ORIGIN": "ON",
+        "ARROW_S3": "ON",
+        "ARROW_SUBSTRAIT": "ON",
+        "PARQUET_BUILD_EXAMPLES": "OFF",
+        "PARQUET_BUILD_EXECUTABLES": "OFF",
+        "PARQUET_REQUIRE_ENCRYPTION": "OFF",
+        "VCPKG_MANIFEST_MODE": "OFF",
+        "VCPKG_ROOT": "$env{VCPKG_ROOT}",
+        "VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET": "$env{VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET}"
+      }
+    },
     {
       "name": "ninja-release-jni-macos",
       "inherits": [
diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
index 5b8b039357e..7b8cef5fb5e 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
@@ -2275,9 +2275,9 @@ if(ARROW_MIMALLOC)
   endif()
 
   set(MIMALLOC_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mimalloc_ep/src/mimalloc_ep")
-  set(MIMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR "${MIMALLOC_PREFIX}/include/mimalloc-2.2")
+  set(MIMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR "${MIMALLOC_PREFIX}/include")
   set(MIMALLOC_STATIC_LIB
-      "${MIMALLOC_PREFIX}/lib/mimalloc-2.2/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}${MIMALLOC_LIB_BASE_NAME}${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
+      "${MIMALLOC_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}${MIMALLOC_LIB_BASE_NAME}${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
   )
 
   set(MIMALLOC_C_FLAGS ${EP_C_FLAGS})
@@ -2286,20 +2286,31 @@ if(ARROW_MIMALLOC)
     set(MIMALLOC_C_FLAGS "${MIMALLOC_C_FLAGS} -DERROR_COMMITMENT_MINIMUM=635")
   endif()
 
+  set(MIMALLOC_PATCH_COMMAND "")
+  if(${UPPERCASE_BUILD_TYPE} STREQUAL "DEBUG")
+    find_program(PATCH patch REQUIRED)
+    set(MIMALLOC_PATCH_COMMAND ${PATCH} -p1 -i
+                               ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/mimalloc-1138.patch)
+  endif()
+
   set(MIMALLOC_CMAKE_ARGS
       ${EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS}
       "-DCMAKE_C_FLAGS=${MIMALLOC_C_FLAGS}"
       "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${MIMALLOC_PREFIX}"
+      -DMI_INSTALL_TOPLEVEL=ON
       -DMI_OVERRIDE=OFF
       -DMI_LOCAL_DYNAMIC_TLS=ON
       -DMI_BUILD_OBJECT=OFF
       -DMI_BUILD_SHARED=OFF
-      -DMI_BUILD_TESTS=OFF)
+      -DMI_BUILD_TESTS=OFF
+      # GH-47229: Force mimalloc to generate armv8.0 binary
+      -DMI_NO_OPT_ARCH=ON)
 
   externalproject_add(mimalloc_ep
                       ${EP_COMMON_OPTIONS}
                       URL ${MIMALLOC_SOURCE_URL}
                       URL_HASH "SHA256=${ARROW_MIMALLOC_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM}"
+                      PATCH_COMMAND ${MIMALLOC_PATCH_COMMAND}
                       CMAKE_ARGS ${MIMALLOC_CMAKE_ARGS}
                       BUILD_BYPRODUCTS "${MIMALLOC_STATIC_LIB}")
 
diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/mimalloc-1138.patch b/cpp/cmake_modules/mimalloc-1138.patch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ffa4bffbba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/mimalloc-1138.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+Fix for https://github.com/microsoft/mimalloc/issues/1138
+
+diff --git a/src/arena.c b/src/arena.c
+index b26f4442..d7e99b55 100644
+--- a/src/arena.c
++++ b/src/arena.c
+@@ -797,6 +797,9 @@ mi_page_t* _mi_arenas_page_alloc(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t block_size, size_t bloc
+   else {
+     page = mi_arenas_page_singleton_alloc(heap, block_size, block_alignment);
+   }
++  if mi_unlikely(page == NULL) {
++    return NULL;
++  }
+   // mi_assert_internal(page == NULL || _mi_page_segment(page)->subproc == tld->subproc);
+   mi_assert_internal(_mi_is_aligned(page, MI_PAGE_ALIGN));
+   mi_assert_internal(_mi_ptr_page(page)==page);
diff --git a/cpp/meson.build b/cpp/meson.build
index 81143ed1e28..194da0ccef2 100644
--- a/cpp/meson.build
+++ b/cpp/meson.build
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ project(
     'arrow',
     'cpp',
     'c',
-    version: '22.0.0-SNAPSHOT',
+    version: '22.0.0',
     license: 'Apache-2.0',
     meson_version: '>=1.3.0',
     default_options: ['c_std=gnu11,c11', 'warning_level=2', 'cpp_std=c++17'],
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/ArrowConfig.cmake.in b/cpp/src/arrow/ArrowConfig.cmake.in
index ee462663d6b..cbadad4d742 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/ArrowConfig.cmake.in
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/ArrowConfig.cmake.in
@@ -124,11 +124,13 @@ if(TARGET Arrow::arrow_static AND NOT TARGET Arrow::arrow_bundled_dependencies)
   # https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/policy/CMP0057.html
   cmake_policy(PUSH)
   cmake_policy(SET CMP0057 NEW)
-  if("AWS::aws-c-common" IN_LIST ARROW_BUNDLED_STATIC_LIBS)
+  if("aws-c-common" IN_LIST ARROW_BUNDLED_STATIC_LIBS)
     if(APPLE)
       find_library(CORE_FOUNDATION CoreFoundation)
       target_link_libraries(Arrow::arrow_bundled_dependencies
                             INTERFACE ${CORE_FOUNDATION})
+      find_library(NETWORK Network)
+      target_link_libraries(Arrow::arrow_bundled_dependencies INTERFACE ${NETWORK})
       find_library(SECURITY Security)
       target_link_libraries(Arrow::arrow_bundled_dependencies INTERFACE ${SECURITY})
     elseif(WIN32)
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
index 771505f8c90..e299e8f6167 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -780,7 +780,6 @@ if(ARROW_COMPUTE)
        compute/kernels/scalar_temporal_binary.cc
        compute/kernels/scalar_temporal_unary.cc
        compute/kernels/scalar_validity.cc
-       compute/kernels/temporal_internal.cc
        compute/kernels/util_internal.cc
        compute/kernels/vector_array_sort.cc
        compute/kernels/vector_cumulative_ops.cc
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/temporal_internal.h b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/temporal_internal.h
index 68e09e91d72..3674c233dc9 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/temporal_internal.h
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compute/kernels/temporal_internal.h
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ inline int64_t GetQuarter(const year_month_day& ymd) {
   return static_cast<int64_t>((static_cast<uint32_t>(ymd.month()) - 1) / 3);
 }
 
-Result<ArrowTimeZone> LocateZone(const std::string_view timezone);
+ARROW_EXPORT Result<ArrowTimeZone> LocateZone(const std::string_view timezone);
 
 static inline const std::string& GetInputTimezone(const DataType& type) {
   static const std::string no_timezone = "";
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/meson.build b/cpp/src/arrow/meson.build
index 1872f96df6a..5590ba41c91 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/meson.build
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/meson.build
@@ -525,7 +525,6 @@ if needs_compute
         'compute/kernels/scalar_temporal_binary.cc',
         'compute/kernels/scalar_temporal_unary.cc',
         'compute/kernels/scalar_validity.cc',
-        'compute/kernels/temporal_internal.cc',
         'compute/kernels/util_internal.cc',
         'compute/kernels/vector_array_sort.cc',
         'compute/kernels/vector_cumulative_ops.cc',
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/testing/process.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/testing/process.cc
index e5632e47253..40538bd9862 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/testing/process.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/testing/process.cc
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class Process::Impl {
       for (const auto& kv : process::environment::current()) {
         env[kv.key()] = process::environment::value(kv.value());
       }
-      env["PATH"] = process::environment::value(current_exe.parent_path());
+      env["PATH"] = process::environment::value(current_exe.parent_path().string());
       executable_ = process::environment::find_executable(name, env);
 #  else
       executable_ = process::search_path(name, {current_exe.parent_path()});
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/util/rle_encoding_internal.h b/cpp/src/arrow/util/rle_encoding_internal.h
index c231c9a63eb..2420270f3ab 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/util/rle_encoding_internal.h
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/util/rle_encoding_internal.h
@@ -657,13 +657,14 @@ auto RleBitPackedParser::PeekImpl(Handler&& handler) const
   const auto header_bytes = bit_util::ParseLeadingLEB128(data_, kMaxSize, &run_len_type);
 
   if (ARROW_PREDICT_FALSE(header_bytes == 0)) {
-    // Malfomrmed LEB128 data
+    // Malformed LEB128 data
     return {0, ControlFlow::Break};
   }
 
   const bool is_bit_packed = run_len_type & 1;
   const uint32_t count = run_len_type >> 1;
   if (is_bit_packed) {
+    // Bit-packed run
     constexpr auto kMaxCount = bit_util::CeilDiv(internal::max_size_for_v<rle_size_t>, 8);
     if (ARROW_PREDICT_FALSE(count == 0 || count > kMaxCount)) {
       // Illegal number of encoded values
@@ -672,17 +673,21 @@ auto RleBitPackedParser::PeekImpl(Handler&& handler) const
 
     ARROW_DCHECK_LT(static_cast<uint64_t>(count) * 8,
                     internal::max_size_for_v<rle_size_t>);
+    // Count Already divided by 8 for byte size calculations
+    const auto bytes_read = header_bytes + static_cast<int64_t>(count) * value_bit_width_;
+    if (ARROW_PREDICT_FALSE(bytes_read > data_size_)) {
+      // Bit-packed run would overflow data buffer
+      return {0, ControlFlow::Break};
+    }
     const auto values_count = static_cast<rle_size_t>(count * 8);
-    // Count Already divided by 8
-    const auto bytes_read =
-        header_bytes + static_cast<rle_size_t>(count) * value_bit_width_;
 
     auto control = handler.OnBitPackedRun(
         BitPackedRun(data_ + header_bytes, values_count, value_bit_width_));
 
-    return {bytes_read, control};
+    return {static_cast<rle_size_t>(bytes_read), control};
   }
 
+  // RLE run
   if (ARROW_PREDICT_FALSE(count == 0)) {
     // Illegal number of encoded values
     return {0, ControlFlow::Break};
@@ -694,6 +699,11 @@ auto RleBitPackedParser::PeekImpl(Handler&& handler) const
   ARROW_DCHECK_LT(value_bytes, internal::max_size_for_v<rle_size_t>);
   const auto bytes_read = header_bytes + static_cast<rle_size_t>(value_bytes);
 
+  if (ARROW_PREDICT_FALSE(bytes_read > data_size_)) {
+    // RLE run would overflow data buffer
+    return {0, ControlFlow::Break};
+  }
+
   auto control =
       handler.OnRleRun(RleRun(data_ + header_bytes, values_count, value_bit_width_));
 
@@ -1079,7 +1089,6 @@ auto RleBitPackedDecoder<T>::GetSpaced(Converter converter,
   // There may be remaining null if they are not greedily filled by either decoder calls
   check_and_handle_fully_null_remaining();
 
-  ARROW_DCHECK(batch.is_done() || exhausted());
   return batch.total_read();
 }
 
diff --git a/cpp/src/gandiva/tests/projector_test.cc b/cpp/src/gandiva/tests/projector_test.cc
index 3fbe80d4cc3..dc1ac9dfd26 100644
--- a/cpp/src/gandiva/tests/projector_test.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/gandiva/tests/projector_test.cc
@@ -389,6 +389,10 @@ TEST_F(TestProjector, TestAllIntTypes) {
 }
 
 TEST_F(TestProjector, TestExtendedMath) {
+#ifdef __aarch64__
+  GTEST_SKIP() << "Failed on aarch64 with 'JIT session error: Symbols not found: [ "
+                  "__multf3, __subtf3, __trunctfdf2, __extenddftf2, __divtf3 ]'";
+#endif
   // schema for input fields
   auto field0 = arrow::field("f0", arrow::float64());
   auto field1 = arrow::field("f1", arrow::float64());
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/decoder.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/decoder.cc
index 46d1c201e92..b6d79665621 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/decoder.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/decoder.cc
@@ -2082,9 +2082,12 @@ class DeltaByteArrayDecoderImpl : public TypedDecoderImpl<DType> {
                           int64_t valid_bits_offset,
                           typename EncodingTraits<DType>::Accumulator* out,
                           int* out_num_values) {
-    std::vector<ByteArray> values(num_values);
+    std::vector<ByteArray> values(num_values - null_count);
     const int num_valid_values = GetInternal(values.data(), num_values - null_count);
-    DCHECK_EQ(num_values - null_count, num_valid_values);
+    if (ARROW_PREDICT_FALSE(num_values - null_count != num_valid_values)) {
+      throw ParquetException("Expected to decode ", num_values - null_count,
+                             " values, but decoded ", num_valid_values, " values.");
+    }
 
     auto visit_binary_helper = [&](auto* helper) {
       auto values_ptr = reinterpret_cast<const ByteArray*>(values.data());
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/schema_test.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/schema_test.cc
index c33e5ccf4a5..2950a7df70f 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/schema_test.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/schema_test.cc
@@ -1580,7 +1580,8 @@ TEST(TestLogicalTypeOperation, LogicalTypeRepresentation) {
                               LogicalType::EdgeInterpolationAlgorithm::KARNEY),
        "Geography(crs=srid:1234, algorithm=karney)",
        R"({"Type": "Geography", "crs": "srid:1234", "algorithm": "karney"})"},
-      {LogicalType::Variant(), "Variant", R"({"Type": "Variant"})"},
+      {LogicalType::Variant(), "Variant(1)", R"({"Type": "Variant", "SpecVersion": 1})"},
+      {LogicalType::Variant(2), "Variant(2)", R"({"Type": "Variant", "SpecVersion": 2})"},
       {LogicalType::None(), "None", R"({"Type": "None"})"},
   };
 
@@ -2353,6 +2354,37 @@ TEST(TestLogicalTypeSerialization, Roundtrips) {
   // Group nodes ...
   ConfirmGroupNodeRoundtrip("map", LogicalType::Map());
   ConfirmGroupNodeRoundtrip("list", LogicalType::List());
+  ConfirmGroupNodeRoundtrip("variant", LogicalType::Variant());
+}
+
+TEST(TestLogicalTypeSerialization, VariantSpecificationVersion) {
+  // Confirm that Variant logical type sets specification_version to expected value in
+  // thrift serialization
+  constexpr int8_t spec_version = 2;
+  auto metadata = PrimitiveNode::Make("metadata", Repetition::REQUIRED, Type::BYTE_ARRAY);
+  auto value = PrimitiveNode::Make("value", Repetition::REQUIRED, Type::BYTE_ARRAY);
+  NodePtr variant_node =
+      GroupNode::Make("variant", Repetition::REQUIRED, {metadata, value},
+                      LogicalType::Variant(spec_version));
+
+  // Verify variant logical type
+  auto logical_type = variant_node->logical_type();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(logical_type->is_variant());
+  const auto& variant_type = checked_cast<const VariantLogicalType&>(*logical_type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(variant_type.spec_version(), spec_version);
+
+  // Verify thrift serialization
+  std::vector<format::SchemaElement> elements;
+  ToParquet(reinterpret_cast<GroupNode*>(variant_node.get()), &elements);
+
+  // Verify that logicalType is set and is VARIANT
+  ASSERT_EQ(elements[0].name, "variant");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(elements[0].__isset.logicalType);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(elements[0].logicalType.__isset.VARIANT);
+
+  // Verify that specification_version is set properly
+  ASSERT_TRUE(elements[0].logicalType.VARIANT.__isset.specification_version);
+  ASSERT_EQ(elements[0].logicalType.VARIANT.specification_version, spec_version);
 }
 
 }  // namespace schema
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/types.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/types.cc
index 9f5003b79e5..f545f512201 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/types.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/types.cc
@@ -591,7 +591,12 @@ std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> LogicalType::FromThrift(
 
     return GeographyLogicalType::Make(std::move(crs), algorithm);
   } else if (type.__isset.VARIANT) {
-    return VariantLogicalType::Make();
+    int8_t spec_version = kVariantSpecVersion;
+    if (type.VARIANT.__isset.specification_version) {
+      spec_version = type.VARIANT.specification_version;
+    }
+
+    return VariantLogicalType::Make(spec_version);
   } else {
     // Sentinel type for one we do not recognize
     return UndefinedLogicalType::Make();
@@ -659,8 +664,8 @@ std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> LogicalType::Geography(
   return GeographyLogicalType::Make(std::move(crs), algorithm);
 }
 
-std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> LogicalType::Variant() {
-  return VariantLogicalType::Make();
+std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> LogicalType::Variant(int8_t spec_version) {
+  return VariantLogicalType::Make(spec_version);
 }
 
 std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> LogicalType::None() { return NoLogicalType::Make(); }
@@ -1958,16 +1963,53 @@ class LogicalType::Impl::Variant final : public LogicalType::Impl::Incompatible,
  public:
   friend class VariantLogicalType;
 
-  OVERRIDE_TOSTRING(Variant)
-  OVERRIDE_TOTHRIFT(VariantType, VARIANT)
+  std::string ToString() const override;
+  std::string ToJSON() const override;
+  format::LogicalType ToThrift() const override;
+
+  int8_t spec_version() const { return spec_version_; }
 
  private:
-  Variant()
+  explicit Variant(const int8_t spec_version)
       : LogicalType::Impl(LogicalType::Type::VARIANT, SortOrder::UNKNOWN),
-        LogicalType::Impl::Inapplicable() {}
+        LogicalType::Impl::Inapplicable() {
+    this->spec_version_ = spec_version;
+  }
+
+  int8_t spec_version_;
 };
 
-GENERATE_MAKE(Variant)
+int8_t VariantLogicalType::spec_version() const {
+  return (dynamic_cast<const LogicalType::Impl::Variant&>(*impl_)).spec_version();
+}
+
+std::string LogicalType::Impl::Variant::ToString() const {
+  std::stringstream type;
+  type << "Variant(" << static_cast<int>(spec_version_) << ")";
+  return type.str();
+}
+
+std::string LogicalType::Impl::Variant::ToJSON() const {
+  std::stringstream json;
+  json << R"({"Type": "Variant", "SpecVersion": )" << static_cast<int>(spec_version_)
+       << "}";
+
+  return json.str();
+}
+
+format::LogicalType LogicalType::Impl::Variant::ToThrift() const {
+  format::LogicalType type;
+  format::VariantType variant_type;
+  variant_type.__set_specification_version(spec_version_);
+  type.__set_VARIANT(variant_type);
+  return type;
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> VariantLogicalType::Make(const int8_t spec_version) {
+  auto logical_type = std::shared_ptr<VariantLogicalType>(new VariantLogicalType());
+  logical_type->impl_.reset(new LogicalType::Impl::Variant(spec_version));
+  return logical_type;
+}
 
 class LogicalType::Impl::No final : public LogicalType::Impl::SimpleCompatible,
                                     public LogicalType::Impl::UniversalApplicable {
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/types.h b/cpp/src/parquet/types.h
index c2040e555fd..7e8a18fc94d 100644
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/types.h
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/types.h
@@ -178,6 +178,9 @@ class PARQUET_EXPORT LogicalType {
     KARNEY = 5
   };
 
+  /// \brief The latest supported Variant specification version by this library
+  static constexpr int8_t kVariantSpecVersion = 1;
+
   /// \brief If possible, return a logical type equivalent to the given legacy
   /// converted type (and decimal metadata if applicable).
   static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> FromConvertedType(
@@ -224,7 +227,8 @@ class PARQUET_EXPORT LogicalType {
   static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> BSON();
   static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> UUID();
   static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> Float16();
-  static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> Variant();
+  static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> Variant(
+      int8_t specVersion = kVariantSpecVersion);
 
   static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> Geometry(std::string crs = "");
 
@@ -495,7 +499,10 @@ class PARQUET_EXPORT GeographyLogicalType : public LogicalType {
 /// \brief Allowed for group nodes only.
 class PARQUET_EXPORT VariantLogicalType : public LogicalType {
  public:
-  static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> Make();
+  static std::shared_ptr<const LogicalType> Make(
+      int8_t specVersion = kVariantSpecVersion);
+
+  int8_t spec_version() const;
 
  private:
   VariantLogicalType() = default;
diff --git a/cpp/thirdparty/versions.txt b/cpp/thirdparty/versions.txt
index 9f16db79f12..10aad92785a 100644
--- a/cpp/thirdparty/versions.txt
+++ b/cpp/thirdparty/versions.txt
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ ARROW_JEMALLOC_BUILD_VERSION=5.3.0
 ARROW_JEMALLOC_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM=2db82d1e7119df3e71b7640219b6dfe84789bc0537983c3b7ac4f7189aecfeaa
 ARROW_LZ4_BUILD_VERSION=v1.10.0
 ARROW_LZ4_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM=537512904744b35e232912055ccf8ec66d768639ff3abe5788d90d792ec5f48b
-ARROW_MIMALLOC_BUILD_VERSION=v2.2.4
-ARROW_MIMALLOC_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM=754a98de5e2912fddbeaf24830f982b4540992f1bab4a0a8796ee118e0752bda
+ARROW_MIMALLOC_BUILD_VERSION=v3.1.5
+ARROW_MIMALLOC_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM=1c6949032069d5ebea438ec5cedd602d06f40a92ddf0f0d9dcff0993e5f6635c
 ARROW_NLOHMANN_JSON_BUILD_VERSION=v3.12.0
 ARROW_NLOHMANN_JSON_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM=4b92eb0c06d10683f7447ce9406cb97cd4b453be18d7279320f7b2f025c10187
 ARROW_OPENTELEMETRY_BUILD_VERSION=v1.21.0
diff --git a/cpp/valgrind.supp b/cpp/valgrind.supp
index 2289e819e3d..6a2ad3f6b3b 100644
--- a/cpp/valgrind.supp
+++ b/cpp/valgrind.supp
@@ -82,3 +82,15 @@
     fun:curl_share_init
     fun:*Azure*CurlConnection*
 }
+{
+    <protobuf>:leak on library initialization
+    Memcheck:Leak
+    ...
+    fun:*google*protobuf*AddDescriptorsRunner*
+}
+{
+    <protobuf>:leak on library initialization
+    Memcheck:Leak
+    ...
+    fun:*google*protobuf*InternalRegisterGeneratedFile*
+}
diff --git a/cpp/vcpkg.json b/cpp/vcpkg.json
index 68f20663b59..c1d28a2a559 100644
--- a/cpp/vcpkg.json
+++ b/cpp/vcpkg.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "arrow",
-  "version-string": "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT",
+  "version-string": "22.0.0",
   "dependencies": [
     "abseil",
     {
diff --git a/dev/archery/archery/docker/core.py b/dev/archery/archery/docker/core.py
index 7bdc53a3df6..34ea42d6d2e 100644
--- a/dev/archery/archery/docker/core.py
+++ b/dev/archery/archery/docker/core.py
@@ -433,16 +433,24 @@ def _push(service):
             else:
                 return self._execute_compose(*args, service['name'])
 
+        service = self.config.get(service_name)
+
         if user is not None:
+            login_args = ['--username', user, '--password-stdin']
+            login_kwargs = {'input': password.encode()}
+            image = service['image']
+            # [[HOST[:PORT]/]NAMESPACE/]REPOSITORY[:TAG]
+            components = image.split('/', 3)
+            if len(components) == 3:
+                server = components[0]
+                login_args.append(server)
             try:
-                # TODO(kszucs): have an option for a prompt
-                self._execute_docker('login', '-u', user, '-p', password)
+                self._execute_docker('login', *login_args, **login_kwargs)
             except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
                 # hide credentials
                 msg = f'Failed to push `{service_name}`, check the passed credentials'
                 raise RuntimeError(msg) from None
 
-        service = self.config.get(service_name)
         for ancestor in service['ancestors']:
             _push(self.config.get(ancestor))
         _push(service)
diff --git a/dev/archery/archery/docker/tests/test_docker.py b/dev/archery/archery/docker/tests/test_docker.py
index e4a278712ea..631932d0fa2 100644
--- a/dev/archery/archery/docker/tests/test_docker.py
+++ b/dev/archery/archery/docker/tests/test_docker.py
@@ -140,39 +140,39 @@
 
 services:
   conda-cpp:
-    image: org/conda-cpp
+    image: ${REPO}:conda-cpp
     build:
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/conda-cpp.dockerfile
   conda-python:
-    image: org/conda-python
+    image: ${REPO}:conda-python
     build:
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/conda-cpp.dockerfile
       args:
         python: 3.8
   conda-python-pandas:
-    image: org/conda-python-pandas
+    image: ${REPO}:conda-python-pandas
     build:
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/conda-python-pandas.dockerfile
   conda-python-dask:
-    image: org/conda-python-dask
+    image: ${REPO}:conda-python-dask
   ubuntu-cpp:
-    image: org/ubuntu-cpp
+    image: ${REPO}:ubuntu-cpp
     build:
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/ubuntu-${UBUNTU}-cpp.dockerfile
   ubuntu-cpp-cmake32:
-    image: org/ubuntu-cpp-cmake32
+    image: ${REPO}:ubuntu-cpp-cmake32
   ubuntu-c-glib:
-    image: org/ubuntu-c-glib
+    image: ${REPO}:ubuntu-c-glib
     environment:
       <<: [*sccache]
   ubuntu-ruby:
-    image: org/ubuntu-ruby
+    image: ${REPO}:ubuntu-ruby
   ubuntu-cuda:
-    image: org/ubuntu-cuda
+    image: ${REPO}:ubuntu-cuda
     environment:
       CUDA_ENV: 1
       OTHER_ENV: 2
@@ -182,6 +182,7 @@
 """
 
 arrow_compose_env = {
+    'REPO': 'apache/arrow',
     'UBUNTU': '20.04',  # overridden below
     'PYTHON': '3.8',
     'PANDAS': 'latest',
@@ -484,7 +485,7 @@ def test_compose_run_with_resource_limits(arrow_compose_path):
             "--cpuset-cpus=0,1",
             "--memory=7g",
             "--memory-swap=7g",
-            "org/conda-cpp"
+            "apache/arrow:conda-cpp"
         ]),
     ]
     compose = DockerCompose(arrow_compose_path)
@@ -493,10 +494,28 @@ def test_compose_run_with_resource_limits(arrow_compose_path):
 
 
 def test_compose_push(arrow_compose_path):
-    compose = DockerCompose(arrow_compose_path, params=dict(PYTHON='3.9'))
+    compose = DockerCompose(arrow_compose_path, params=dict(PYTHON="3.9"))
+    expected_env = PartialEnv(PYTHON="3.9")
+    expected_calls = [
+        mock.call(["docker", "login", "--username", "user",
+                  "--password-stdin"], input=b"pass", check=True),
+    ]
+    for image in ["conda-cpp", "conda-python", "conda-python-pandas"]:
+        expected_calls.append(
+            mock.call(["docker", "compose", f"--file={compose.config.path}",
+                       "push", image], check=True, env=expected_env)
+        )
+    with assert_subprocess_calls(expected_calls):
+        compose.push("conda-python-pandas", user="user", password="pass")
+
+
+def test_compose_push_custom_server(arrow_compose_path):
+    compose = DockerCompose(arrow_compose_path, params=dict(
+        PYTHON="3.9", REPO="ghcr.io/apache/arrow-dev"))
     expected_env = PartialEnv(PYTHON="3.9")
     expected_calls = [
-        mock.call(["docker", "login", "-u", "user", "-p", "pass"], check=True),
+        mock.call(["docker", "login", "--username", "user", "--password-stdin",
+                  "ghcr.io"], input=b"pass", check=True),
     ]
     for image in ["conda-cpp", "conda-python", "conda-python-pandas"]:
         expected_calls.append(
@@ -504,7 +523,7 @@ def test_compose_push(arrow_compose_path):
                        "push", image], check=True, env=expected_env)
         )
     with assert_subprocess_calls(expected_calls):
-        compose.push('conda-python-pandas', user='user', password='pass')
+        compose.push("conda-python-pandas", user="user", password="pass")
 
 
 def test_compose_error(arrow_compose_path):
@@ -533,7 +552,7 @@ def test_image_with_gpu(arrow_compose_path):
             "-e", "CUDA_ENV=1",
             "-e", "OTHER_ENV=2",
             "-v", "/host:/container",
-            "org/ubuntu-cuda",
+            "apache/arrow:ubuntu-cuda",
             "/bin/bash", "-c", "echo 1 > /tmp/dummy && cat /tmp/dummy",
         ]
     ]
@@ -560,7 +579,7 @@ def test_service_info(arrow_compose_path):
     compose = DockerCompose(arrow_compose_path)
     service = compose.config.raw_config["services"]["conda-cpp"]
     assert compose.info(service) == [
-        "  image: org/conda-cpp",
+        "  image: ${REPO}:conda-cpp",
         "  build",
         "    context: .",
         "    dockerfile: ci/docker/conda-cpp.dockerfile"
diff --git a/dev/release/verify-release-candidate.sh b/dev/release/verify-release-candidate.sh
index e202c7b1e1e..56c671910f0 100755
--- a/dev/release/verify-release-candidate.sh
+++ b/dev/release/verify-release-candidate.sh
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ test_linux_wheels() {
     local arch="x86_64"
   fi
 
-  local python_versions="${TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS:-3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13}"
+  local python_versions="${TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS:-3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14}"
   local platform_tags="${TEST_WHEEL_PLATFORM_TAGS:-manylinux_2_28_${arch}}"
 
   if [ "${SOURCE_KIND}" != "local" ]; then
@@ -891,11 +891,11 @@ test_macos_wheels() {
 
   # apple silicon processor
   if [ "$(uname -m)" = "arm64" ]; then
-    local python_versions="3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13"
+    local python_versions="3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14"
     local platform_tags="macosx_12_0_arm64"
     local check_flight=OFF
   else
-    local python_versions="3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13"
+    local python_versions="3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14"
     local platform_tags="macosx_12_0_x86_64"
   fi
 
diff --git a/dev/tasks/homebrew-formulae/apache-arrow-glib.rb b/dev/tasks/homebrew-formulae/apache-arrow-glib.rb
index dd6f25283a5..1c87c353de8 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/homebrew-formulae/apache-arrow-glib.rb
+++ b/dev/tasks/homebrew-formulae/apache-arrow-glib.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 class ApacheArrowGlib < Formula
   desc "GLib bindings for Apache Arrow"
   homepage "https://arrow.apache.org/"
-  url "https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua?path=arrow/arrow-22.0.0-SNAPSHOT/apache-arrow-22.0.0-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz"
+  url "https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua?path=arrow/arrow-22.0.0/apache-arrow-22.0.0.tar.gz"
   sha256 "9948ddb6d4798b51552d0dca3252dd6e3a7d0f9702714fc6f5a1b59397ce1d28"
   license "Apache-2.0"
   head "https://github.com/apache/arrow.git", branch: "main"
diff --git a/dev/tasks/homebrew-formulae/apache-arrow.rb b/dev/tasks/homebrew-formulae/apache-arrow.rb
index 3cbd808357c..06949bd10f3 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/homebrew-formulae/apache-arrow.rb
+++ b/dev/tasks/homebrew-formulae/apache-arrow.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 class ApacheArrow < Formula
   desc "Columnar in-memory analytics layer designed to accelerate big data"
   homepage "https://arrow.apache.org/"
-  url "https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua?path=arrow/arrow-22.0.0-SNAPSHOT/apache-arrow-22.0.0-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz"
+  url "https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua?path=arrow/arrow-22.0.0/apache-arrow-22.0.0.tar.gz"
   sha256 "9948ddb6d4798b51552d0dca3252dd6e3a7d0f9702714fc6f5a1b59397ce1d28"
   license "Apache-2.0"
   head "https://github.com/apache/arrow.git", branch: "main"
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow-apt-source/debian/changelog b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow-apt-source/debian/changelog
index 86cacd308e5..8d0ec6a6a83 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow-apt-source/debian/changelog
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow-apt-source/debian/changelog
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+apache-arrow-apt-source (22.0.0-1) unstable; urgency=low
+
+  * New upstream release.
+
+ -- Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>  Mon, 20 Oct 2025 14:48:34 -0000
+
 apache-arrow-apt-source (21.0.0-1) unstable; urgency=low
 
   * New upstream release.
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow-release/yum/apache-arrow-release.spec.in b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow-release/yum/apache-arrow-release.spec.in
index 8e75611889c..2053b950622 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow-release/yum/apache-arrow-release.spec.in
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow-release/yum/apache-arrow-release.spec.in
@@ -102,6 +102,9 @@ else
 fi
 
 %changelog
+* Mon Oct 20 2025 Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com> - 22.0.0-1
+- New upstream release.
+
 * Fri Jul 11 2025 Bryce Mecum <petridish@gmail.com> - 21.0.0-1
 - New upstream release.
 
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/debian/changelog b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/debian/changelog
index 01b71214f07..8394a2c05d1 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/debian/changelog
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/debian/changelog
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+apache-arrow (22.0.0-1) unstable; urgency=low
+
+  * New upstream release.
+
+ -- Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>  Mon, 20 Oct 2025 14:48:34 -0000
+
 apache-arrow (21.0.0-1) unstable; urgency=low
 
   * New upstream release.
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in
index 6afa6d25421..32bd076e821 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in
@@ -931,6 +931,9 @@ Documentation for Apache Parquet GLib.
 %endif
 
 %changelog
+* Mon Oct 20 2025 Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com> - 22.0.0-1
+- New upstream release.
+
 * Fri Jul 11 2025 Bryce Mecum <petridish@gmail.com> - 21.0.0-1
 - New upstream release.
 
diff --git a/dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.linux.yml b/dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.linux.yml
index 09822ed2ffc..871e044fa21 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.linux.yml
+++ b/dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.linux.yml
@@ -42,16 +42,25 @@ jobs:
       {% endif %}
       PYTHON: "{{ python_version }}"
       PYTHON_ABI_TAG: "{{ python_abi_tag }}"
+      {% if python_version == "3.14" %}
+      PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG: "3.14"
+      PYTHON_PATCH_VERSION: "3.14.0"
+      {% elif python_version == "3.13" %}
       PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG: "{{ python_version }}"
+      PYTHON_PATCH_VERSION: "3.13.7"
+      {% else %}
+      PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG: "{{ python_version }}"
+      {% endif %}
 
     steps:
       {{ macros.github_checkout_arrow()|indent }}
       {{ macros.github_install_archery()|indent }}
       {{ macros.github_login_dockerhub()|indent }}
 
+      # Detect free-threaded Python builds
       - name: Prepare
         run: |
-          if [ "${PYTHON_ABI_TAG}" = "cp313t" ]; then
+          if [[ "${PYTHON_ABI_TAG}" == *t ]]; then
             test_image_prefix=python-free-threaded
           else
             test_image_prefix=python
diff --git a/dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.osx.yml b/dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.osx.yml
index 140971626bf..ef8e90f4129 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.osx.yml
+++ b/dev/tasks/python-wheels/github.osx.yml
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
   PYARROW_VERSION: "{{ arrow.no_rc_version }}"
   PYTHON_VERSION: "{{ python_version }}"
   PYTHON_ABI_TAG: "{{ python_abi_tag }}"
-  {% if python_abi_tag == "cp313t" %}
+  {% if python_abi_tag.endswith('t') %}
   PYTHON: "/Library/Frameworks/PythonT.framework/Versions/{{ python_version }}/bin/python{{ python_version }}t"
   {% else %}
   PYTHON: "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/{{ python_version }}/bin/python{{ python_version }}"
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
             --x-feature=s3
 
       - name: Install Python {{ python_version }}
-        run: sudo arrow/ci/scripts/install_python.sh macos {{ "3.13t" if python_abi_tag == "cp313t" else python_version }}
+        run: sudo arrow/ci/scripts/install_python.sh macos {{ python_version + "t" if python_abi_tag.endswith('t') else python_version }}
 
       - name: Build Wheel
         run: |
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test Wheel
         env:
           PYTEST_ADDOPTS: "-k 'not test_cancellation'"
-          PYTHON_GIL: {{ 0 if python_abi_tag == "cp313t" else 1 }}
+          PYTHON_GIL: {{ 0 if python_abi_tag.endswith('t') else 1 }}
         run: |
           $PYTHON -m venv test-env
           source test-env/bin/activate
diff --git a/dev/tasks/tasks.yml b/dev/tasks/tasks.yml
index 11831e646c3..749042779ed 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/tasks.yml
+++ b/dev/tasks/tasks.yml
@@ -184,7 +184,9 @@ tasks:
                                                ("3.11", "cp311", "cp311"),
                                                ("3.12", "cp312", "cp312"),
                                                ("3.13", "cp313", "cp313"),
-                                               ("3.13", "cp313", "cp313t")] %}
+                                               ("3.13", "cp313", "cp313t"),
+                                               ("3.14", "cp314", "cp314"),
+                                               ("3.14", "cp314", "cp314t")] %}
 
 {############################## Wheel Linux ##################################}
 
@@ -555,7 +557,7 @@ tasks:
         UBUNTU: 22.04
       image: ubuntu-cpp-emscripten
 
-{% for python_version in ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"] %}
+{% for python_version in ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"] %}
   test-conda-python-{{ python_version }}:
     ci: github
     template: docker-tests/github.linux.yml
@@ -733,12 +735,12 @@ tasks:
     ci: github
     template: r/github.linux.offline.build.yml
 
-  test-r-rhub-debian-gcc-release-custom-ccache:
+  test-r-rhub-ubuntu-gcc12-custom-ccache:
     ci: azure
     template: r/azure.linux.yml
     params:
       r_org: rhub
-      r_image: debian-gcc-release
+      r_image: ubuntu-gcc12
       r_tag: latest
       r_custom_ccache: true
 
diff --git a/docker-compose.yml b/docker-compose.yml
index 6d3babd4311..937620f82ec 100644
--- a/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.yml
@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ x-hierarchy:
         - conda-python-spark
   - conda-verify-rc
   - conan
+  - cpp-jni
   - debian-cpp:
     - debian-c-glib:
       - debian-ruby
@@ -187,6 +188,8 @@ volumes:
     name: ${ARCH}-alpine-linux-ccache
   conda-ccache:
     name: ${ARCH}-conda-ccache
+  cpp-jni-ccache:
+    name: ${ARCH}-cpp-jni-ccache
   debian-ccache:
     name: ${ARCH}-debian-${DEBIAN}-ccache
   fedora-ccache:
@@ -765,6 +768,37 @@ services:
         /arrow/ci/scripts/conan_setup.sh &&
         /arrow/ci/scripts/conan_build.sh /arrow /build"
 
+  cpp-jni:
+    # Test for the build configuration for JNI.
+    #
+    # Usage:
+    #   docker compose run --rm cpp-jni
+    # Parameters:
+    #   ARCH: amd64, arm64v8
+    #   ARCH_ALIAS: x86_64, aarch64
+    #   ARCH_SHORT: amd64, arm64
+    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-cpp-jni-${VCPKG}
+    build:
+      args:
+        arch: ${ARCH}
+        arch_short: ${ARCH_SHORT}
+        # See available versions at:
+        #   https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64?tab=tags
+        #   https://quay.io/repository/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64?tab=tags
+        base: quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_${ARCH_ALIAS}:2025.10.09-1
+        vcpkg: ${VCPKG}
+      context: .
+      dockerfile: ci/docker/cpp-jni.dockerfile
+      cache_from:
+        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-cpp-jni-${VCPKG}
+      secrets: *vcpkg-build-secrets
+    environment:
+      <<: [*common, *ccache]
+    volumes:
+      - .:/arrow:delegated
+      - ${DOCKER_VOLUME_PREFIX}cpp-jni-ccache:/ccache:delegated
+    command: *cpp-command
+
   ############################### C GLib ######################################
 
   debian-c-glib:
@@ -1144,7 +1178,7 @@ services:
       args:
         arch: ${ARCH}
         arch_short: ${ARCH_SHORT}
-        base: quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_${ARCH_ALIAS}:2024-08-03-32dfa47
+        base: quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_${ARCH_ALIAS}:2025-06-04-496f7e1
         manylinux: 2_28
         python: ${PYTHON}
         python_abi_tag: ${PYTHON_ABI_TAG}
@@ -1169,7 +1203,7 @@ services:
       args:
         arch: ${ARCH}
         arch_short: ${ARCH_SHORT}
-        base: quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_${ARCH_ALIAS}:2025-01-18-a325f1d
+        base: quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_${ARCH_ALIAS}:2025-06-04-496f7e1
         musllinux: 1_2
         python: ${PYTHON}
         python_abi_tag: ${PYTHON_ABI_TAG}
@@ -1205,14 +1239,16 @@ services:
   # TODO: Remove this when the official Docker Python image supports the free-threaded build.
   # See https://github.com/docker-library/python/issues/947 for more info.
   python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports:
-    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-3.13-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports
+    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-${PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG}-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports
     build:
       args:
         base: "${ARCH}/alpine:${ALPINE_LINUX}"
+        python_version: ${PYTHON}
+        python_patch_version: ${PYTHON_PATCH_VERSION}
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports.dockerfile
       cache_from:
-        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-3.13-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports
+        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-${PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG}-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-imports
     shm_size: 2G
     volumes:
       - .:/arrow:delegated
@@ -1220,6 +1256,7 @@ services:
       <<: *common
       CHECK_IMPORTS: "ON"
       CHECK_UNITTESTS: "OFF"
+      PYTHON: ${PYTHON}
     command: /arrow/ci/scripts/python_wheel_unix_test.sh /arrow
 
   python-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests:
@@ -1245,14 +1282,16 @@ services:
   # TODO: Remove this when the official Docker Python image supports the free-threaded build.
   # See https://github.com/docker-library/python/issues/947 for more info.
   python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests:
-    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-3.13-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests
+    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-${PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG}-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests
     build:
       args:
         base: "${ARCH}/alpine:${ALPINE_LINUX}"
+        python_version: ${PYTHON}
+        python_patch_version: ${PYTHON_PATCH_VERSION}
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests.dockerfile
       cache_from:
-        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-3.13-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests
+        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-${PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG}-free-threaded-wheel-musllinux-test-unittests
     shm_size: 2G
     volumes:
       - .:/arrow:delegated
@@ -1260,6 +1299,7 @@ services:
       <<: *common
       CHECK_IMPORTS: "OFF"
       CHECK_UNITTESTS: "ON"
+      PYTHON: ${PYTHON}
     command: /arrow/ci/scripts/python_wheel_unix_test.sh /arrow
 
   python-wheel-manylinux-test-imports:
@@ -1277,14 +1317,15 @@ services:
   # TODO: Remove this when the official Docker Python image supports the free-threaded build.
   # See https://github.com/docker-library/python/issues/947 for more info.
   python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports:
-    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-3.13-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports
+    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-${PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG}-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports
     build:
       args:
         base: "${ARCH}/ubuntu:${UBUNTU}"
+        python_version: ${PYTHON}
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports.dockerfile
       cache_from:
-        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-3.13-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports
+        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-${PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG}-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-imports
     shm_size: 2G
     volumes:
       - .:/arrow:delegated
@@ -1292,6 +1333,7 @@ services:
       <<: *common
       CHECK_IMPORTS: "ON"
       CHECK_UNITTESTS: "OFF"
+      PYTHON: ${PYTHON}
     command: /arrow/ci/scripts/python_wheel_unix_test.sh /arrow
 
   python-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests:
@@ -1318,14 +1360,15 @@ services:
   # TODO: Remove this when the official Docker Python image supports the free-threaded build.
   # See https://github.com/docker-library/python/issues/947 for more info.
   python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests:
-    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-3.13-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests
+    image: ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-${PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG}-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests
     build:
       args:
         base: "${ARCH}/ubuntu:${UBUNTU}"
+        python_version: ${PYTHON}
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests.dockerfile
       cache_from:
-        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-3.13-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests
+        - ${REPO}:${ARCH}-python-${PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG}-free-threaded-wheel-manylinux-test-unittests
     shm_size: 2G
     volumes:
       - .:/arrow:delegated
@@ -1333,6 +1376,7 @@ services:
       <<: *common
       CHECK_IMPORTS: "OFF"
       CHECK_UNITTESTS: "ON"
+      PYTHON: ${PYTHON}
     command: /arrow/ci/scripts/python_wheel_unix_test.sh /arrow
 
   python-wheel-windows-vs2022-base:
@@ -1407,6 +1451,7 @@ services:
     build:
       args:
         base: ${REPO}:python-wheel-windows-test-vs2022-base-${PYTHON_WHEEL_WINDOWS_TEST_IMAGE_REVISION}
+        python: ${PYTHON}
       context: .
       dockerfile: ci/docker/python-free-threaded-wheel-windows-test-vs2022.dockerfile
     volumes: *python-wheel-windows-vs2022-volumes
diff --git a/docs/source/_static/versions.json b/docs/source/_static/versions.json
index 26d1834bb0f..6feaa86e1a7 100644
--- a/docs/source/_static/versions.json
+++ b/docs/source/_static/versions.json
@@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
 [
     {
-        "name": "22.0 (dev)",
+        "name": "23.0 (dev)",
         "version": "dev/",
         "url": "https://arrow.apache.org/docs/dev/"
     },
     {
-        "name": "21.0 (stable)",
+        "name": "22.0 (stable)",
         "version": "",
         "url": "https://arrow.apache.org/docs/",
         "preferred": true
     },
+    {
+        "name": "21.0",
+        "version": "21.0/",
+        "url": "https://arrow.apache.org/docs/21.0/"
+    },
     {
         "name": "20.0",
         "version": "20.0/",
diff --git a/matlab/CMakeLists.txt b/matlab/CMakeLists.txt
index ca5a323b15f..9479015b1e4 100644
--- a/matlab/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/matlab/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ endfunction()
 
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
 
-set(MLARROW_VERSION "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
+set(MLARROW_VERSION "22.0.0")
 string(REGEX MATCH "^[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+" MLARROW_BASE_VERSION "${MLARROW_VERSION}")
 
 project(mlarrow VERSION "${MLARROW_BASE_VERSION}")
diff --git a/python/CMakeLists.txt b/python/CMakeLists.txt
index fc26ea71bde..0587720f409 100644
--- a/python/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/python/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ project(pyarrow)
 # which in turn meant that Py_GIL_DISABLED was not set.
 set(CMAKE_NO_SYSTEM_FROM_IMPORTED ON)
 
-set(PYARROW_VERSION "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT")
+set(PYARROW_VERSION "22.0.0")
 string(REGEX MATCH "^[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+" PYARROW_BASE_VERSION "${PYARROW_VERSION}")
 
 # Generate SO version and full SO version
diff --git a/python/pyarrow/tests/test_array.py b/python/pyarrow/tests/test_array.py
index 009ab1e849b..ec361159c5f 100644
--- a/python/pyarrow/tests/test_array.py
+++ b/python/pyarrow/tests/test_array.py
@@ -292,10 +292,12 @@ def test_to_pandas_zero_copy():
 
     for i in range(10):
         series = arr.to_pandas()
-        assert sys.getrefcount(series) == 2
+        # In Python 3.14 interpreter might avoid some
+        # reference count modifications
+        assert sys.getrefcount(series) in (1, 2)
         series = None  # noqa
 
-    assert sys.getrefcount(arr) == 2
+    assert sys.getrefcount(arr) in (1, 2)
 
     for i in range(10):
         arr = pa.array(range(10))
diff --git a/python/pyproject.toml b/python/pyproject.toml
index fac3b25c554..a1cab40173a 100644
--- a/python/pyproject.toml
+++ b/python/pyproject.toml
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ classifiers  = [
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13',
+    'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14',
+    'Programming Language :: Python :: Free Threading :: 2 - Beta',
 ]
 maintainers = [
     {name = "Apache Arrow Developers", email = "dev@arrow.apache.org"}
@@ -90,4 +92,4 @@ root = '..'
 version_file = 'pyarrow/_generated_version.py'
 version_scheme = 'guess-next-dev'
 git_describe_command = 'git describe --dirty --tags --long --match "apache-arrow-[0-9]*.*"'
-fallback_version = '22.0.0a0'
+fallback_version = '22.0.0'
diff --git a/python/requirements-wheel-test.txt b/python/requirements-wheel-test.txt
index 06c059f591f..b2ff4553b45 100644
--- a/python/requirements-wheel-test.txt
+++ b/python/requirements-wheel-test.txt
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ tzdata; sys_platform == 'win32'
 numpy~=1.21.3; python_version < "3.11"
 numpy~=1.23.2; python_version == "3.11"
 numpy~=1.26.0; python_version == "3.12"
-numpy~=2.1.0; python_version >= "3.13"
+numpy~=2.1.0; python_version == "3.13"
+numpy~=2.3.3; python_version >= "3.14"
 
 pandas
diff --git a/r/DESCRIPTION b/r/DESCRIPTION
index 7888f72ee9f..d12b8a4ba03 100644
--- a/r/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/r/DESCRIPTION
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Package: arrow
 Title: Integration to 'Apache' 'Arrow'
-Version: 21.0.0.9000
+Version: 22.0.0
 Authors@R: c(
     person("Neal", "Richardson", email = "neal.p.richardson@gmail.com", role = c("aut")),
     person("Ian", "Cook", email = "ianmcook@gmail.com", role = c("aut")),
diff --git a/r/NEWS.md b/r/NEWS.md
index 3be4bd951b1..fb85b96655d 100644
--- a/r/NEWS.md
+++ b/r/NEWS.md
@@ -17,7 +17,15 @@
   under the License.
 -->
 
-# arrow 21.0.0.9000
+# arrow 22.0.0
+
+## New features
+
+- `stringr::str_replace_na()` binding implemented (#47521).
+
+##  Minor improvements and fixes
+
+- Subsecond time variables no longer truncated in  `hms::hms()` bindings (#47278)
 
 # arrow 21.0.0.1
 
diff --git a/r/pkgdown/assets/versions.html b/r/pkgdown/assets/versions.html
index caac5839059..c90d4ae2164 100644
--- a/r/pkgdown/assets/versions.html
+++ b/r/pkgdown/assets/versions.html
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
-<body><p><a href="../dev/r/">21.0.0.9000 (dev)</a></p>
-<p><a href="../r/">21.0.0 (release)</a></p>
+<body><p><a href="../dev/r/">22.0.0.9000 (dev)</a></p>
+<p><a href="../r/">22.0.0 (release)</a></p>
+<p><a href="../21.0/r/">21.0.0</a></p>
 <p><a href="../20.0/r/">20.0.0</a></p>
 <p><a href="../19.0/r/">19.0.1</a></p>
 <p><a href="../18.1/r/">18.1.0</a></p>
diff --git a/r/pkgdown/assets/versions.json b/r/pkgdown/assets/versions.json
index 927b7407c9b..0d783995062 100644
--- a/r/pkgdown/assets/versions.json
+++ b/r/pkgdown/assets/versions.json
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 [
     {
-        "name": "21.0.0.9000 (dev)",
+        "name": "22.0.0.9000 (dev)",
         "version": "dev/"
     },
     {
-        "name": "21.0.0 (release)",
+        "name": "22.0.0 (release)",
         "version": ""
     },
+    {
+        "name": "21.0.0",
+        "version": "21.0/"
+    },
     {
         "name": "20.0.0",
         "version": "20.0/"
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-cuda/lib/arrow-cuda/version.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-cuda/lib/arrow-cuda/version.rb
index de9372bd49e..0004568f245 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-cuda/lib/arrow-cuda/version.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-cuda/lib/arrow-cuda/version.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # under the License.
 
 module ArrowCUDA
-  VERSION = "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  VERSION = "22.0.0"
 
   module Version
     numbers, TAG = VERSION.split("-")
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-dataset/lib/arrow-dataset/version.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-dataset/lib/arrow-dataset/version.rb
index b31eb98b5f5..d27cfb7ffa9 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-dataset/lib/arrow-dataset/version.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-dataset/lib/arrow-dataset/version.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # under the License.
 
 module ArrowDataset
-  VERSION = "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  VERSION = "22.0.0"
 
   module Version
     numbers, TAG = VERSION.split("-")
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-flight-sql/lib/arrow-flight-sql/version.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-flight-sql/lib/arrow-flight-sql/version.rb
index 751e7c16245..e319cdd4a2f 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-flight-sql/lib/arrow-flight-sql/version.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-flight-sql/lib/arrow-flight-sql/version.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # under the License.
 
 module ArrowFlightSQL
-  VERSION = "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  VERSION = "22.0.0"
 
   module Version
     numbers, TAG = VERSION.split("-")
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow-flight/lib/arrow-flight/version.rb b/ruby/red-arrow-flight/lib/arrow-flight/version.rb
index 89e783944d2..95a837d27f3 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow-flight/lib/arrow-flight/version.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow-flight/lib/arrow-flight/version.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # under the License.
 
 module ArrowFlight
-  VERSION = "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  VERSION = "22.0.0"
 
   module Version
     numbers, TAG = VERSION.split("-")
diff --git a/ruby/red-arrow/lib/arrow/version.rb b/ruby/red-arrow/lib/arrow/version.rb
index f19fcfdd09e..ee7606bd0bd 100644
--- a/ruby/red-arrow/lib/arrow/version.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-arrow/lib/arrow/version.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # under the License.
 
 module Arrow
-  VERSION = "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  VERSION = "22.0.0"
 
   module Version
     numbers, TAG = VERSION.split("-")
diff --git a/ruby/red-gandiva/lib/gandiva/version.rb b/ruby/red-gandiva/lib/gandiva/version.rb
index e75303aa970..a1f57e7d47a 100644
--- a/ruby/red-gandiva/lib/gandiva/version.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-gandiva/lib/gandiva/version.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # under the License.
 
 module Gandiva
-  VERSION = "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  VERSION = "22.0.0"
 
   module Version
     numbers, TAG = VERSION.split("-")
diff --git a/ruby/red-parquet/lib/parquet/version.rb b/ruby/red-parquet/lib/parquet/version.rb
index 0f5273bbed2..696db57c683 100644
--- a/ruby/red-parquet/lib/parquet/version.rb
+++ b/ruby/red-parquet/lib/parquet/version.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # under the License.
 
 module Parquet
-  VERSION = "22.0.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  VERSION = "22.0.0"
 
   module Version
     numbers, TAG = VERSION.split("-")
diff --git a/testing b/testing
index 6a7b02fac93..9a02925d1ba 160000
--- a/testing
+++ b/testing
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 6a7b02fac93d8addbcdbb213264e58bfdc3068e4
+Subproject commit 9a02925d1ba80bd493b6d4da6e8a777588d57ac4