Merge pull request anthms#1 from anthms/copilot/setup-intermediate-scripting-repo

Bootstrap intermediate DevOps scripting study repo with Bash, Python, and GitHub Actions CI

Author: anthms

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  bash-tests:
+    name: Bash Tests
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Check Bash version
+        run: bash --version
+
+      - name: Run Bash scripts (smoke test)
+        run: |
+          bash bash/basics/variables.sh
+          bash bash/basics/loops.sh
+          bash bash/basics/functions.sh
+          bash bash/devops/file_operations.sh
+          bash bash/devops/environment_check.sh
+
+      - name: Run Bash test suite
+        run: bash bash/tests/run_tests.sh
+
+  python-tests:
+    name: Python Tests
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.12"
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: pip install -r python/requirements.txt
+
+      - name: Run Python scripts (smoke test)
+        run: |
+          python python/basics/variables.py
+          python python/basics/loops.py
+          python python/basics/functions.py
+          python python/devops/file_operations.py
+          python python/devops/environment_check.py
+
+      - name: Run pytest
+        working-directory: python
+        run: pytest tests/ -v --tb=short

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Python
+__pycache__/
+*.pyc
+*.pyo
+*.pyd
+.pytest_cache/
+.python-version
+*.egg-info/
+dist/
+build/
+.venv/
+venv/
+
+# Editors
+.vscode/
+.idea/
+*.swp
+*.swo
+
+# OS
+.DS_Store
+Thumbs.db

README.md

@@ -1 +1,68 @@
-# scripting-study
+# scripting-study
+
+Intermediate scripting study repository focused on DevOps and CI/CD automation, covering both **Bash** and **Python**.
+
+## Goals
+
+- Learn and practice intermediate scripting patterns used in real DevOps workflows
+- Run and test scripts both **locally** and through **GitHub Actions** automation
+- Build reusable patterns for CI/CD pipelines, system management, and file operations
+
+## Repository Structure
+
+```
+scripting-study/
+├── bash/
+│   ├── basics/          # Intermediate Bash concepts (variables, loops, functions)
+│   ├── devops/          # DevOps-focused Bash scripts (files, env, processes)
+│   └── tests/           # Bash test runner and unit tests
+├── python/
+│   ├── basics/          # Intermediate Python concepts (variables, loops, functions)
+│   ├── devops/          # DevOps-focused Python scripts (files, env, processes)
+│   ├── tests/           # pytest test suite
+│   └── requirements.txt
+└── .github/
+    └── workflows/
+        └── ci.yml       # GitHub Actions CI for both Bash and Python
+```
+
+## Quick Start
+
+### Bash
+
+```bash
+# Run a script directly
+bash bash/basics/variables.sh
+
+# Run the Bash test suite
+bash bash/tests/run_tests.sh
+```
+
+### Python
+
+```bash
+# Install dependencies
+pip install -r python/requirements.txt
+
+# Run a script directly
+python python/basics/variables.py
+
+# Run the Python test suite
+pytest python/tests/ -v
+```
+
+## Topics Covered
+
+| Topic | Bash | Python |
+|---|---|---|
+| Variables & data types | ✅ | ✅ |
+| Loops & iteration | ✅ | ✅ |
+| Functions | ✅ | ✅ |
+| File operations | ✅ | ✅ |
+| Environment & system info | ✅ | ✅ |
+| CI/CD automation | ✅ (GitHub Actions) | ✅ (GitHub Actions) |
+
+## CI / CD
+
+All scripts are validated automatically on every push and pull request via **GitHub Actions**.
+See [`.github/workflows/ci.yml`](.github/workflows/ci.yml) for the workflow definition.

bash/basics/functions.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Intermediate Bash: Functions, arguments, return values, and scope
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# ── Basic function ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+greet() {
+    local name="${1:-World}"   # positional arg with default
+    echo "Hello, ${name}!"
+}
+
+greet
+greet "DevOps"
+
+# ── Return values via stdout ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+to_upper() {
+    echo "${1^^}"
+}
+
+result=$(to_upper "hello")
+echo "Uppercase: $result"
+
+# ── Return codes ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+is_even() {
+    (( $1 % 2 == 0 ))   # returns 0 (true) if even, 1 (false) if odd
+}
+
+for n in 3 4 7 8; do
+    if is_even "$n"; then
+        echo "$n is even"
+    else
+        echo "$n is odd"
+    fi
+done
+
+# ── Variadic functions ($@ and $*) ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== variadic ==="
+
+sum_all() {
+    local total=0
+    for num in "$@"; do
+        ((total += num))
+    done
+    echo "$total"
+}
+
+echo "Sum 1 2 3 4 5 = $(sum_all 1 2 3 4 5)"
+
+# ── Local vs global scope ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== scope ==="
+
+GLOBAL_VAR="I am global"
+
+demonstrate_scope() {
+    local local_var="I am local"
+    GLOBAL_VAR="modified by function"
+    echo "Inside  local_var : $local_var"
+    echo "Inside  GLOBAL_VAR: $GLOBAL_VAR"
+}
+
+demonstrate_scope
+echo "Outside GLOBAL_VAR: $GLOBAL_VAR"
+# local_var is not accessible here
+
+# ── Recursive function ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== recursion ==="
+
+factorial() {
+    local n=$1
+    if [[ $n -le 1 ]]; then
+        echo 1
+    else
+        local sub
+        sub=$(factorial $((n - 1)))
+        echo $((n * sub))
+    fi
+}
+
+echo "5! = $(factorial 5)"
+
+# ── Function as error handler ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== error handling ==="
+
+die() {
+    local msg="${1:-An error occurred}"
+    local code="${2:-1}"
+    echo "ERROR: $msg" >&2
+    exit "$code"
+}
+
+safe_divide() {
+    local a=$1 b=$2
+    if [[ $b -eq 0 ]]; then
+        die "Division by zero" 1
+    fi
+    echo $((a / b))
+}
+
+echo "10 / 2 = $(safe_divide 10 2)"
+# Uncommenting below would exit with an error:
+# safe_divide 5 0
+
+# ── Passing arrays to functions (via nameref, Bash 4.3+) ─────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== nameref array param ==="
+
+print_array() {
+    local -n arr_ref=$1   # nameref to the caller's array
+    for item in "${arr_ref[@]}"; do
+        echo "  - $item"
+    done
+}
+
+my_list=("ci" "cd" "devops" "automation")
+print_array my_list

bash/basics/loops.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Intermediate Bash: Loops and iteration patterns
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# ── C-style for loop ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo "=== C-style for loop ==="
+for ((i = 1; i <= 5; i++)); do
+    printf "  i = %d\n" "$i"
+done
+
+# ── for-in over an array ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== for-in array ==="
+services=("nginx" "postgres" "redis" "app")
+for svc in "${services[@]}"; do
+    printf "  service: %s\n" "$svc"
+done
+
+# ── Brace expansion range ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== brace expansion (01..05) ==="
+for n in {01..05}; do
+    printf "  item_%s\n" "$n"
+done
+
+# ── while loop with counter ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== while loop ==="
+attempt=1
+max=3
+while [[ $attempt -le $max ]]; do
+    printf "  attempt %d of %d\n" "$attempt" "$max"
+    ((attempt++))
+done
+
+# ── until loop ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== until loop ==="
+count=0
+until [[ $count -ge 3 ]]; do
+    printf "  count = %d\n" "$count"
+    (( ++count ))
+done
+
+# ── Loop with break / continue ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== break and continue ==="
+for i in {1..10}; do
+    if [[ $((i % 2)) -eq 0 ]]; then
+        continue  # skip even numbers
+    fi
+    if [[ $i -gt 7 ]]; then
+        break     # stop after 7
+    fi
+    printf "  odd: %d\n" "$i"
+done
+
+# ── Reading lines from a file / process substitution ─────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== process substitution (read lines) ==="
+while IFS= read -r line; do
+    printf "  line: %s\n" "$line"
+done < <(printf "alpha\nbeta\ngamma\n")
+
+# ── Iterating over command output with mapfile ────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== mapfile (readarray) ==="
+mapfile -t words < <(printf "one\ntwo\nthree\n")
+for word in "${words[@]}"; do
+    printf "  word: %s\n" "$word"
+done
+
+# ── Nested loops with labels (using functions) ────────────────────────────────
+
+echo ""
+echo "=== nested loops ==="
+for row in 1 2 3; do
+    for col in A B C; do
+        printf "  (%d,%s)" "$row" "$col"
+    done
+    echo ""
+done