diff --git a/packages/@react-stately/data/docs/useListData.mdx b/packages/@react-stately/data/docs/useListData.mdx
index c902a0812ed..f463ea4018a 100644
--- a/packages/@react-stately/data/docs/useListData.mdx
+++ b/packages/@react-stately/data/docs/useListData.mdx
@@ -150,3 +150,9 @@ list.move('Snake', 0);
 ```tsx
 list.update('Snake', {name: 'Rattle Snake'});
 ```
+
+### Replacing the tree
+
+```
+list.replaceAll([{name: 'Fox', children: [{name: 'Rabbit'}]}])
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/@react-stately/data/src/useTreeData.ts b/packages/@react-stately/data/src/useTreeData.ts
index 5bcaa98b9f3..84b0ce1097f 100644
--- a/packages/@react-stately/data/src/useTreeData.ts
+++ b/packages/@react-stately/data/src/useTreeData.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,12 @@ export interface TreeData<T extends object> {
    * @param key - The key of the item to retrieve.
    */
   getItem(key: Key): TreeNode<T> | undefined,
-
+  
+  /** 
+   * Replace the whole tree.
+   * @param newItems - The new items to replace the tree with.
+   */
+  setRootItems(newItems: T[]): void,
   /**
    * Inserts an item into a parent node as a child.
    * @param parentKey - The key of the parent item to insert into. `null` for the root.
@@ -257,6 +262,9 @@ export function useTreeData<T extends object>(options: TreeOptions<T>): TreeData
     getItem(key: Key) {
       return nodeMap.get(key);
     },
+    setRootItems(newItems: T[]) {
+      setItems(buildTree(newItems, new Map()));
+    },
     insert(parentKey: Key | null, index: number, ...values: T[]) {
       setItems(({items, nodeMap: originalMap}) => {
         let {items: newNodes, nodeMap: newMap} = buildTree(values, originalMap, parentKey);
diff --git a/packages/@react-stately/data/test/useTreeData.test.js b/packages/@react-stately/data/test/useTreeData.test.js
index eaffc8ad200..b6b1447e005 100644
--- a/packages/@react-stately/data/test/useTreeData.test.js
+++ b/packages/@react-stately/data/test/useTreeData.test.js
@@ -745,4 +745,19 @@ describe('useTreeData', function () {
     expect(result.current.items[1].key).toEqual('Emily');
     expect(result.current.items.length).toEqual(2);
   });
+
+  it('Should replace the tree with new nodes', function () {
+    const initialItems = [...initial, {name: 'Emily'}, {name: 'Eli'}];
+    let {result} = renderHook(() =>
+      useTreeData({initialItems, getChildren, getKey})
+    );
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.replaceAll([{name: 'Robert', children: [{name: 'Linh'}]}, {name: 'Stanley'}]); 
+    });
+    expect(result.current.items[0].key).toEqual('Robert');
+
+    expect(result.current.items[0].children[0].key).toEqual('Linh');
+    expect(result.current.items[1].key).toEqual('Stanley');
+    expect(result.current.items.length).toEqual(2);
+  });
 });