diff --git a/Procfile b/Procfile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..62e430aca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Procfile
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+web: gunicorn 'app:create_app()'
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/__init__.py b/app/__init__.py
index 70b4cabfe..0abe0d353 100644
--- a/app/__init__.py
+++ b/app/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,34 @@
 from flask import Flask
+from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
+from flask_migrate import Migrate
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+import os
 
+db = SQLAlchemy()
+migrate = Migrate()
+load_dotenv()
 
-def create_app(test_config=None):
+def create_app(test_config = None):
     app = Flask(__name__)
+    app.config["SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS"] = False
+    
+    if test_config:
+        app.config["SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI"] = os.environ.get("SQLALCHEMY_TEST_DATABASE_URI")
+        app.config["Testing"] = True
+    else:
+        app.config["SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI"] = os.environ.get("SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI")
+    
+    from app.models.planet import Planet
 
-    return app
+    db.init_app(app)
+    migrate.init_app(app, db)
+    
+    from app.models.planet import Planet
+    from app.models.moon import Moon
+
+    from .routes.planet_routes import planets_bp
+    app.register_blueprint(planets_bp)
+
+    from .routes.moon_routes import moons_bp
+    app.register_blueprint(moons_bp)
+    return app
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/models/__init__.py b/app/models/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/app/models/moon.py b/app/models/moon.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1a610a61f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/models/moon.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from app import db
+
+class Moon(db.Model):
+    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key = True, autoincrement = True)
+    name = db.Column(db.String, nullable = False)
+    size = db.Column(db.Float, nullable = False)
+    description = db.Column(db.String, nullable = False)
+    planet_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("planet.id"))
+    planet = db.relationship("Planet", back_populates="moons")
+
+    def to_dict(self):
+        moon_as_dict = {}
+        moon_as_dict["id"] = self.id
+        moon_as_dict["name"] = self.name
+        moon_as_dict["size"] = self.size
+        moon_as_dict["description"] = self.description
+        return moon_as_dict
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls,moon_data):
+        new_moon = Moon(name=moon_data["name"],
+                        size=float(moon_data["size"]),
+                        description=moon_data["description"])
+        return new_moon
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/models/planet.py b/app/models/planet.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bb7b7c0a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/models/planet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+from app import db
+
+class Planet(db.Model):
+    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key = True, autoincrement = True)
+    name = db.Column(db.String, nullable = False)
+    length_of_year = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable = False)   
+    description = db.Column(db.String, nullable = False)
+    moons = db.relationship("Moon", back_populates="planet")
+
+    def to_dict(self):
+        planet_as_dict = {}
+        planet_as_dict["id"] = self.id
+        planet_as_dict["name"] = self.name
+        planet_as_dict["length_of_year"] = self.length_of_year
+        planet_as_dict["description"] = self.description
+
+        moon_names = []
+        for moon in self.moons:
+            moon_names.append(moon.name)
+        planet_as_dict["moons"] = moon_names
+        return planet_as_dict
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls,planet_data):
+        new_planet = Planet(name=planet_data["name"],
+                        length_of_year=planet_data["length_of_year"],
+                        description=planet_data["description"])
+        return new_planet
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/routes.py b/app/routes.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 8e9dfe684..000000000
--- a/app/routes.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-from flask import Blueprint
-
diff --git a/app/routes/__init__.py b/app/routes/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/app/routes/moon_routes.py b/app/routes/moon_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..530ec2ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/routes/moon_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+from app import db
+from app.models.moon import Moon
+from app.models.planet import Planet
+from flask import Blueprint, jsonify, abort, make_response, request
+from .validate_routes import validate_model, validate_moon_user_input, validate_planet_user_input
+
+moons_bp = Blueprint("moons_bp", __name__, url_prefix = "/moons")
+
+# Get all moons info 
+# /moons
+# Return JSON list
+@moons_bp.route("", methods = ["GET"])
+def get_all_moons_query():
+    moon_query = Moon.query
+    # Filtering by moon name (return all records which name contains planet_name_query)
+    moon_name_query = request.args.get("name")
+    
+    if moon_name_query:
+        moon_query = moon_query.filter(Moon.name.ilike(f"%{moon_name_query}%"))
+    
+    # Sorting by moon name
+    sort_by_name_query = request.args.get("sort_by_name")
+    
+    if sort_by_name_query == "desc":
+        moon_query = moon_query.order_by(Moon.name.desc()).all()
+    elif sort_by_name_query == "asc":
+        moon_query = moon_query.order_by(Moon.name).all() 
+        
+    # Sorting by moon size
+    moon_sort_size_query = request.args.get("sort_by_size")
+    
+    if moon_sort_size_query == "desc":
+        moon_query = moon_query.order_by(Moon.size.desc()).all()
+    elif sort_by_name_query == "asc":
+        moon_query = moon_query.order_by(Moon.size).all()
+
+    # Build response
+    moon_response = []
+    for moon in moon_query:
+        moon_response.append(moon.to_dict())
+
+    return jsonify(moon_response), 200
+
+# Read one moon
+# Return one moon info in JSON format    
+@moons_bp.route("/<moon_id>",methods=["GET"] )
+def get_one_moon(moon_id):
+    moon = validate_model(Moon, moon_id)
+    return moon.to_dict()
+
+# Create one moon
+@moons_bp.route("", methods = ["POST"])
+def create_moon():
+    moon_value = validate_moon_user_input(request.get_json())
+    new_moon = Moon.from_dict(moon_value)
+
+    db.session.add(new_moon)
+    db.session.commit()
+    return make_response(jsonify(f"Moon {new_moon.name} successfully created"), 201)    
+
+# Delete moon by id
+@moons_bp.route("/<moon_id>",methods=["DELETE"])
+def delete_moon(moon_id):
+    moon = validate_model(Moon, moon_id)
+    
+    db.session.delete(moon)
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    return make_response(jsonify(f"Moon {moon.id} successfully deleted"), 200)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/routes/planet_routes.py b/app/routes/planet_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3ab7e580
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/routes/planet_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+from app import db
+from app.models.planet import Planet
+from app.models.moon import Moon
+from .validate_routes import validate_model, validate_moon_user_input, validate_planet_user_input
+from flask import Blueprint, jsonify, abort, make_response, request
+
+planets_bp = Blueprint("planets_bp", __name__, url_prefix = "/planets")
+
+# Creating new planet
+@planets_bp.route("", methods = ["POST"])
+def create_planet():
+    planet_value = validate_planet_user_input(request.get_json())
+    new_planet = Planet.from_dict(planet_value)
+
+    db.session.add(new_planet)
+    db.session.commit()
+    
+    return make_response(jsonify(f"Planet {new_planet.name} successfully created"), 201)    
+
+# Get all planets info
+# Return JSON list
+@planets_bp.route("", methods = ["GET"])
+def get_all_planets_query():
+    planet_query = Planet.query
+
+    # Filtering by name (return all records which name contains planet_name_query)
+    planet_name_query = request.args.get("name")
+
+    if planet_name_query:
+        planet_query = planet_query.filter(Planet.name.ilike(f"%{planet_name_query}%"))
+    
+    # Sort
+    sort_query = request.args.get("sort")
+    
+    if sort_query == "name":
+        planet_query = planet_query.order_by(Planet.name).all()
+    
+    if sort_query == "length_of_year":
+        planet_query = planet_query.order_by(Planet.length_of_year).all() 
+    
+    planet_response = []
+    for planet in planet_query:
+        planet_response.append(planet.to_dict())
+
+    return jsonify(planet_response), 200
+
+# Read one planet 
+# Return one planet info in JSON format    
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>",methods=["GET"] )
+def get_one_planet(planet_id):
+    planet = validate_model(Planet, planet_id)
+    return planet.to_dict()
+
+# Update one planet
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>",methods=["PUT"] )
+def update_planet(planet_id):
+    planet = validate_model(Planet, planet_id)
+    request_body = validate_planet_user_input(request.get_json())
+
+    planet.name = request_body["name"]
+    planet.length_of_year = request_body["length_of_year"]
+    planet.description = request_body["description"]
+    
+    db.session.commit()
+    message = f"Planet {planet_id} successfully updated"
+    return make_response(jsonify(message), 200)   
+    
+# Delete one planet and all the moons dependent of the planet
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>",methods=["DELETE"])
+def delete_planet(planet_id):
+    planet = validate_model(Planet, planet_id)
+    
+    if len(planet.moons)>0:
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(planet.moons):
+            moon_id = planet.moons[i].id
+            moon = validate_model(Moon, moon_id)
+            db.session.delete(moon)
+            db.session.commit()
+            i += 1
+
+    db.session.delete(planet)
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    return make_response(jsonify(f"Planet {planet.id} successfully deleted"), 200)
+
+# Add moon info to the planet using planet id 
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>/moons", methods=["POST"])
+def add_new_moon_to_planet(planet_id):
+    planet = validate_model(Planet, planet_id)
+    moon_value = validate_moon_user_input(request.get_json())
+    
+    moon = Moon.from_dict(moon_value)
+    moon.planet_id = planet.id  
+
+    db.session.add(moon)
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    message = f"Moon {moon.name} added to the planet {planet.name}."
+    return make_response(jsonify(message), 201)
+
+# Get all moons info for chosen planet (by planet id)
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>/moons", methods=["GET"])
+def get_all_moons_for_planet(planet_id):
+    planet = validate_model(Planet, planet_id)
+
+    moons_response = []
+    for moon in planet.moons:
+        moons_response.append(moon.to_dict())
+
+    return jsonify(moons_response)
+
+# Get moon by id 
+# Return one moon info in JSON format    
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>/moons/<moon_id>",methods=["GET"] )
+def get_one_moon_of_planet(planet_id, moon_id):
+    planet = validate_model(Planet, planet_id)   
+    moon = validate_model(Moon, moon_id)
+    return moon.to_dict()
+
+# Update moon info (by moon_id) of the planet using planet_id
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>/moons/<moon_id>", methods=["POST"])
+def update_moon_of_planet(planet_id, moon_id):
+
+    planet = validate_model(Planet, planet_id)
+    moon = validate_model(Moon, moon_id)
+
+    request_body = validate_moon_user_input(request.get_json())
+    
+    moon.name = request_body["name"]
+    moon.size = request_body["size"]
+    moon.description = request_body["description"]
+ 
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    message = f"Moon {moon.id} of the planet {planet.name} successfully updated."
+    return make_response(jsonify(message), 201)
+
+# Delete moon of the specific planet (using planet_id and moon_id)
+@planets_bp.route("/<planet_id>/moons/<moon_id>", methods=["DELETE"])
+def delete_moon_of_planet(planet_id, moon_id):
+
+    planet = validate_model(Planet, planet_id)
+    moon = validate_model(Moon, moon_id)
+
+    db.session.delete(moon)
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    message = f"Moon {moon.id} of the planet {planet.name} successfully deleted."
+    return make_response(jsonify(message), 201)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/routes/validate_routes.py b/app/routes/validate_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3319ea67a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/routes/validate_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+from app import db
+from app.models.planet import Planet
+from app.models.moon import Moon
+from flask import Blueprint, jsonify, abort, make_response, request
+
+# Validating the id of the instance: id needs to be int and exists the instance with the id.
+# Returning the valid Class instance if valid id
+# Work for Planet and Moon classes
+def validate_model(cls, model_id):
+    try:
+        model_id = int(model_id)
+    except:
+        abort(make_response(jsonify(f"{cls.__name__} {model_id} invalid"), 400))
+    
+    class_obj = cls.query.get(model_id)
+    
+    if not class_obj:
+        abort(make_response(jsonify(f"{cls.__name__} {model_id} not found"), 404))
+    
+    return class_obj
+
+# Validating the user input to create or update the table planet
+# Returning the valid JSON if valid input
+def validate_planet_user_input(planet_value):
+    
+    if "name" not in planet_value \
+        or not isinstance(planet_value["name"], str) \
+        or planet_value["name"] == "" \
+        or "length_of_year" not in planet_value \
+        or not isinstance(planet_value["length_of_year"], int) \
+        or planet_value["length_of_year"] <=0 \
+        or "description" not in planet_value \
+        or not isinstance(planet_value["description"], str) \
+        or planet_value["description"] == "":
+
+            return abort(make_response(jsonify("Invalid request"), 400))  
+    
+    return planet_value
+
+# Validating the user input to create or update the table moon
+# Returning the valid JSON if valid input
+def validate_moon_user_input(moon_value):
+
+    if "name" not in moon_value \
+        or not isinstance(moon_value["name"], str) \
+        or moon_value["name"] == "" \
+        or "size" not in moon_value \
+        or not (isinstance(moon_value["size"], float) or isinstance(moon_value["size"], int)) \
+        or moon_value["size"] <=0 \
+        or "description" not in moon_value \
+        or not isinstance(moon_value["description"], str) \
+        or moon_value["description"] == "":
+            
+            return abort(make_response(jsonify("Invalid request"), 400))  
+    
+    return moon_value
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/migrations/README b/migrations/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e0484415
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/README
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Single-database configuration for Flask.
diff --git a/migrations/alembic.ini b/migrations/alembic.ini
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ec9d45c26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/alembic.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# A generic, single database configuration.
+
+[alembic]
+# template used to generate migration files
+# file_template = %%(rev)s_%%(slug)s
+
+# set to 'true' to run the environment during
+# the 'revision' command, regardless of autogenerate
+# revision_environment = false
+
+
+# Logging configuration
+[loggers]
+keys = root,sqlalchemy,alembic,flask_migrate
+
+[handlers]
+keys = console
+
+[formatters]
+keys = generic
+
+[logger_root]
+level = WARN
+handlers = console
+qualname =
+
+[logger_sqlalchemy]
+level = WARN
+handlers =
+qualname = sqlalchemy.engine
+
+[logger_alembic]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = alembic
+
+[logger_flask_migrate]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = flask_migrate
+
+[handler_console]
+class = StreamHandler
+args = (sys.stderr,)
+level = NOTSET
+formatter = generic
+
+[formatter_generic]
+format = %(levelname)-5.5s [%(name)s] %(message)s
+datefmt = %H:%M:%S
diff --git a/migrations/env.py b/migrations/env.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fa412e8c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/env.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+from __future__ import with_statement
+
+import logging
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from flask import current_app
+
+from alembic import context
+
+# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
+# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
+config = context.config
+
+# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
+# This line sets up loggers basically.
+fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+logger = logging.getLogger('alembic.env')
+
+
+def get_engine():
+    try:
+        # this works with Flask-SQLAlchemy<3 and Alchemical
+        return current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.get_engine()
+    except TypeError:
+        # this works with Flask-SQLAlchemy>=3
+        return current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.engine
+
+
+# add your model's MetaData object here
+# for 'autogenerate' support
+# from myapp import mymodel
+# target_metadata = mymodel.Base.metadata
+config.set_main_option(
+    'sqlalchemy.url', str(get_engine().url).replace('%', '%%'))
+target_db = current_app.extensions['migrate'].db
+
+# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
+# can be acquired:
+# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
+# ... etc.
+
+
+def get_metadata():
+    if hasattr(target_db, 'metadatas'):
+        return target_db.metadatas[None]
+    return target_db.metadata
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline():
+    """Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
+
+    This configures the context with just a URL
+    and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
+    here as well.  By skipping the Engine creation
+    we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
+
+    Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
+    script output.
+
+    """
+    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
+    context.configure(
+        url=url, target_metadata=get_metadata(), literal_binds=True
+    )
+
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online():
+    """Run migrations in 'online' mode.
+
+    In this scenario we need to create an Engine
+    and associate a connection with the context.
+
+    """
+
+    # this callback is used to prevent an auto-migration from being generated
+    # when there are no changes to the schema
+    # reference: http://alembic.zzzcomputing.com/en/latest/cookbook.html
+    def process_revision_directives(context, revision, directives):
+        if getattr(config.cmd_opts, 'autogenerate', False):
+            script = directives[0]
+            if script.upgrade_ops.is_empty():
+                directives[:] = []
+                logger.info('No changes in schema detected.')
+
+    connectable = get_engine()
+
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection,
+            target_metadata=get_metadata(),
+            process_revision_directives=process_revision_directives,
+            **current_app.extensions['migrate'].configure_args
+        )
+
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()
diff --git a/migrations/script.py.mako b/migrations/script.py.mako
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c0156303
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/script.py.mako
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}
diff --git a/migrations/versions/8173d172e151_added_moon_model.py b/migrations/versions/8173d172e151_added_moon_model.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e1062d68f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/versions/8173d172e151_added_moon_model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""Added Moon model
+
+Revision ID: 8173d172e151
+Revises: 
+Create Date: 2023-01-05 15:31:57.115338
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = '8173d172e151'
+down_revision = None
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table('planet',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), autoincrement=True, nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('length_of_year', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    op.create_table('moon',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), autoincrement=True, nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('name', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('size', sa.Float(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('planet_id', sa.Integer(), nullable=True),
+    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['planet_id'], ['planet.id'], ),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.drop_table('moon')
+    op.drop_table('planet')
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
diff --git a/moons_data.csv b/moons_data.csv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4542ba306
--- /dev/null
+++ b/moons_data.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+[
+    {# Earth Moons
+        "description": "Earth's Moon is the only place beyond Earth where humans have set foot, so far.",
+        "size": 1738.1,
+        "name": "Moon"
+    },
+    {# Mars Moons
+        "description": "Deimos is the smaller of Mars' two moons.",
+        "size": 3.9,
+        "name": "Deimos"
+    },
+    {# Mars Moons
+        "description": "Phobos was discovered on Aug. 17, 1877 by Asaph Hall.v",
+        "size": 7.0,
+        "name": "Phobos"
+    },
+    {# Jupiter Moons
+        "description": "Io is the most volcanically active world in the solar system.",
+        "size": 1821.3,
+        "name": "Io"
+    },
+    {# Jupiter Moons
+        "description": "Europa is perhaps the most promising place to look for present-day environments suitable for life.",
+        "size": 1569.0,
+        "name": "Europa"
+    },
+    {# Jupiter Moons
+        "description": "Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system and the only moon known to create its own magnetic field.",
+        "size": 2634.1,
+        "name": "Ganymede"
+    },
+    {# Jupiter Moons
+        "description": "Callisto is among the most heavily cratered objects that orbit the Sun.",
+        "size": 2410.3,
+        "name": "Callisto"
+    },
+    {# Saturn Moons
+        "description": "Enceladus has the whitest, most reflective surface in the solar system.",
+        "size": 156.65,
+        "name": "Enceladus"
+    },
+    {# Saturn Moons
+        "description": "Titan is the only moon in our solar system that has clouds and a dense atmosphere.",
+        "size": 2575.0,
+        "name": "Titan"
+    },
+    {# Uranus Moons
+        "description": "All of Uranus' larger moons, including Ariel, are thought to consist mostly of roughly equal amounts of water ice and silicate rock.",
+        "size": 359.7,
+        "name": "Ariel"
+    },
+    {# Uranus Moons
+        "description": "Oberon is the second largest moon of Uranus.",
+        "size": 473.1,
+        "name": "Oberon"
+    },
+    {# Uranus Moons
+        "description": "Rosalind was discovered by the Voyager 2 science team on 13 January 1986.",
+        "size": 22.0,
+        "name": "Rosalind"
+    }
+
+    #### For Testing
+    {
+        "description": "Moon for testing purpose.",
+        "size": 7000,
+        "name": "Moon_Test1"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Moon just for testing.",
+        "size": 6,
+        "name": "Moon_Test2"
+    }
+]    
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/planets_data.csv b/planets_data.csv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..426c31d26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/planets_data.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+[
+    {
+        "description": "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.",
+        "length_of_year": 88,
+        "name": "Mercury"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction from most planets.",
+        "length_of_year": 225,
+        "name": "Venus"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Earth — our home planet.",
+        "length_of_year": 365,
+        "name": "Earth"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Mars is a dusty, cold, desert world with a very thin atmosphere.",
+        "length_of_year": 687,
+        "name": "Mars"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Jupiter is more than twice as massive than the other planets of our solar system combined.",
+        "length_of_year": 687,
+        "name": "Jupiter"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Adorned with a dazzling, complex system of icy rings, Saturn is unique in our solar system.",
+        "length_of_year": 10756,
+        "name": "Saturn"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Uranus—seventh planet from the Sun—rotates at a nearly 90-degree angle from the plane of its orbit.",
+        "length_of_year": 30687,
+        "name": "Uranus"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Neptune—the eighth and most distant major planet orbiting our Sun—is dark, cold and whipped by supersonic winds.",
+        "length_of_year": 60190,
+        "name": "Neptune"
+    }
+
+#### For Testing
+    {
+        "description": "Imaginary planet for testing purpose.",
+        "length_of_year": 7000,
+        "name": "Planet_Test1"
+    },
+    {
+        "description": "Just for testing.",
+        "length_of_year": 6,
+        "name": "Planet_Test2"
+    }
+]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index fba2b3e38..b9ada8e61 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
 alembic==1.5.4
+attrs==22.1.0
 autopep8==1.5.5
 blinker==1.4
 certifi==2020.12.5
 chardet==4.0.0
-click==7.1.2
-Flask==1.1.2
-Flask-Migrate==2.6.0
-Flask-SQLAlchemy==2.4.4
+click==8.1.3
+coverage==6.5.0
+Flask==2.2.2
+Flask-Migrate==4.0.1
+Flask-SQLAlchemy==3.0.2
+greenlet==2.0.1
+gunicorn==20.1.0
 idna==2.10
-itsdangerous==1.1.0
-Jinja2==2.11.3
+iniconfig==1.1.1
+itsdangerous==2.1.2
+Jinja2==3.1.2
 Mako==1.1.4
-MarkupSafe==1.1.1
+MarkupSafe==2.1.1
+packaging==22.0
+pluggy==1.0.0
 psycopg2-binary==2.9.4
+py==1.11.0
 pycodestyle==2.6.0
 pytest==7.1.1
 pytest-cov==2.12.1
@@ -21,7 +29,8 @@ python-dotenv==0.15.0
 python-editor==1.0.4
 requests==2.25.1
 six==1.15.0
-SQLAlchemy==1.3.23
+SQLAlchemy==1.4.46
 toml==0.10.2
+tomli==2.0.1
 urllib3==1.26.4
-Werkzeug==1.0.1
+Werkzeug==2.2.2
diff --git a/tests/__init__.py b/tests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aa0dd68d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+import pytest
+from app import create_app, db
+from flask.signals import request_finished
+from app.models.planet import Planet
+from app.models.moon import Moon
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def app():
+    app = create_app(test_config=True)
+
+    @request_finished.connect_via(app)
+    def expire_session(sender, response, **extra):
+        db.session.remove()
+
+    with app.app_context():
+        db.create_all()
+        yield app
+
+    with app.app_context():
+        db.drop_all()
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client(app):
+    return app.test_client()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def one_planet(app):
+    
+    planet = Planet(
+        name = "Mercury", 
+        description = "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.", 
+        length_of_year = 88)
+
+    db.session.add(planet)
+    db.session.commit()
+    db.session.refresh(planet, ["id"])
+    
+    return planet
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def one_planet_with_moons(app):
+    # Moons
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        name = "Test1", 
+        description = "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.", 
+        size = 3.5)
+    moon2 = Moon(
+        description = "Moon just for testing.",
+        size = 17.0,
+        name = "Moon_Test2")
+    # Planet
+    planet_mercury = Planet(
+        name = "Mercury", 
+        description = "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.", 
+        length_of_year = 88,
+        moons = [moon1, moon2])
+
+    db.session.add(planet_mercury)
+    db.session.commit()
+    db.session.refresh(planet_mercury, ["id"])
+
+    return planet_mercury
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def three_planets(app):
+    planet_mercury = Planet(
+        name = "Mercury", 
+        description = "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.", 
+        length_of_year = 88)
+    planet_venus = Planet(
+        name = "Venus", 
+        description = "Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction from most planets.", 
+        length_of_year = 225)
+    planet_earth = Planet(
+        name = "Earth", 
+        description = "Earth — our home planet.", 
+        length_of_year = 365)
+
+    db.session.add_all([planet_mercury, planet_venus, planet_earth])
+    db.session.commit()
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def three_planets_with_moons(app):
+    # Moons
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        description = "Moon1 for testing purpose.",
+        size = 173.1,
+        name = "Moon_Test1")
+    moon2 = Moon(
+        description = "Moon2 just for testing.",
+        size = 17,
+        name = "Moon_Test2")
+    moon3 = Moon(
+        description = "Moon3 for testing purpose.",
+        size = 11,
+        name = "Moon_Test3")
+    moon4 = Moon(
+        description = "Moon4 just for testing.",
+        size = 19,
+        name = "Moon_Test4")
+    # Planets
+    planet_mercury = Planet(
+        name = "Mercury", 
+        description = "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.", 
+        length_of_year = 88,
+        moons = [moon1, moon2])
+    planet_venus = Planet(
+        name = "Venus", 
+        description = "Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction from most planets.", 
+        length_of_year = 225,
+        moons = [moon3])
+    planet_earth = Planet(
+        name = "Earth", 
+        description = "Earth — our home planet.", 
+        length_of_year = 365,
+        moons = [moon4])
+
+    db.session.add_all([planet_mercury, planet_venus, planet_earth])
+    db.session.commit()
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def one_moon(app):
+    
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        name = "Test1", 
+        description = "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.", 
+        size = 3.5)
+
+    db.session.add(moon1)
+    db.session.commit()
+    db.session.refresh(moon1, ["id"])
+    
+    return moon1
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def three_moons(app):
+    
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        name = "Test1", 
+        description = "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.", 
+        size = 3.5)
+
+    moon2 = Moon(
+        name = "Test2", 
+        description = "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.", 
+        size = 4.0)
+
+    moon3 = Moon(
+        name = "Test3", 
+        description = "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.", 
+        size = 5.5)
+    
+    db.session.add_all([moon1, moon2, moon3])
+    db.session.commit()
diff --git a/tests/test_moon_routes.py b/tests/test_moon_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..51daa3535
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_moon_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+from app.models.moon import Moon
+import pytest
+
+#### POST/ Create moon ####
+def test_create_moon_valid_request_return_201(client): 
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/moons", json = {
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.",
+        "name": "Test1",
+        "size": 3.6
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    assert response_body == "Moon Test1 successfully created"
+
+def test_create_moon_invalid_request_empty_name_return_400(client):
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/moons", json = {
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.",
+        "size": 3.6
+        })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_create_moon_invalid_request_size_zero_return_400(client):
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/moons", json = {
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.",
+        "name": "Test1",
+        "size": 0
+        })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_create_moon_invalid_request_description_empty_return_400(client):
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/moons", json = {
+        "name": "Test1",
+        "size": 3.6
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+#### DELETE/ Delete moon ####
+def test_delete_moon_by_id_valid_request_return_success_message(client, one_moon):
+    # Act
+    moon_id = one_moon.id
+    response = client.delete(f"/moons/{moon_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == f"Moon {moon_id} successfully deleted"
+
+def test_delete_moon_by_id_invalid_id_return_400(client, one_moon):
+    # Act
+    moon_id = "hello"
+    response = client.delete(f"/moons/{moon_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == f"Moon {moon_id} invalid"
+
+def test_delete_moon_by_not_existed_id_return_404(client, one_moon):
+    moon_id = 2
+    response = client.delete(f"/moons/{moon_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == f"Moon {moon_id} not found"
+
+####GET/ Read moon by id####   
+def test_get_moon_by_id_return_200(client,one_moon):
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/moons/1")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Test1",
+        "size": 3.5,
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose."
+    }
+
+def test_get_moon_by_not_exist_did_return_404(client, one_moon):
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/moons/2")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == "Moon 2 not found"
+
+def test_get_moon_by_invalid_type_id_return_400(client,one_moon):
+    # Act
+    moon_id = "hello"
+    response = client.get(f"/moons/{moon_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == f"Moon {moon_id} invalid"
+
+####GET/ Read all moons ####  
+def test_get_all_moons_return_200(client,three_moons):
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/moons")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == [
+    {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Test1",
+        "size": 3.5,
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose."
+    },
+    {
+        "id":2,
+        "name": "Test2",
+        "size": 4.0,
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose."
+    },
+    {
+        "id":3,
+        "name": "Test3",
+        "size": 5.5,
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose."
+    }
+    ]
diff --git a/tests/test_moons_inside_planet_routes.py b/tests/test_moons_inside_planet_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fe1fdc880
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_moons_inside_planet_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+from app.models.moon import Moon
+from app.models.planet import Planet
+import pytest
+
+#### POST/ Create moon for planet ####
+def test_create_moon_for_planet_id_valid_request_return_201(client, one_planet): 
+    # Arange
+    planet_id = one_planet.id
+    # Act
+    response = client.post(f"/planets/{planet_id}/moons", json = {
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.",
+        "name": "Test1",
+        "size": 3.6
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    assert response_body == f"Moon Test1 added to the planet {one_planet.name}."
+
+def test_create_moon_for_planet_invalid_request_empty_name_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Arange
+    planet_id = one_planet.id
+    # Act
+    response = client.post(f"/planets/{planet_id}/moons", json = {
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.",
+        "size": 3.6,
+        "planet_id": planet_id
+        })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_create_moon_for_planet_invalid_request_size_zero_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Arange
+    planet_id = one_planet.id
+    # Act
+    response = client.post(f"/planets/{planet_id}/moons", json = {
+        "description": "Fantasy moon for testing purpose.",
+        "name": "Test1",
+        "size": 0
+        })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_create_moon_for_planet_invalid_request_description_empty_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Arange
+    planet_id = one_planet.id
+    # Act
+    response = client.post(f"/planets/{planet_id}/moons", json = {
+        "name": "Test1",
+        "size": 3.6
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+####GET moon inside of planet route####   
+def test_get_moon_for_planet_by_id_for_planet_id_return_200(client,three_planets_with_moons):
+    # Arange
+    planet_id = 1
+    moon_id = 1
+    # Act
+    response = client.get(f"planets/{planet_id}/moons/{moon_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Moon_Test1",
+        "size": 173.1,
+        "description": "Moon1 for testing purpose."
+    }
+
+def test_get_all_moons_for_planet_valid_planet_id_return_200_info_moons(client,three_planets_with_moons):
+    # Arange
+    planet_id = 1
+    # Act
+    response = client.get(f"planets/{planet_id}/moons")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == [
+    {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Moon_Test1",
+        "size": 173.1,
+        "description": "Moon1 for testing purpose."
+    },
+    {
+        "id":2,
+        "name": "Moon_Test2",
+        "size": 17.0,
+        "description": "Moon2 just for testing."
+    }
+    ]
+
+def test_get_all_moons_for_planet_by_not_exist_id_return_404(client, three_planets_with_moons):
+    # Arange
+    planet_id = 4
+    # Act
+    response = client.get(f"planets/{planet_id}/moons")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} not found"
+
+def test_get_all_moons_for_planet_by_invalid_type_id_return_400(client, three_planets_with_moons):
+    # Arange
+    planet_id = "hello"
+    # Act
+    response = client.get(f"planets/{planet_id}/moons")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} invalid"
+
+#### For future can add tests for delete/ update moon_of the planet, add_moon_to_planet_with_moons, etc. 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_planet_routes.py b/tests/test_planet_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e4fc7237
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_planet_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+from app.models.planet import Planet
+import pytest
+
+#### POST/ Create planet ####
+def test_create_planet_valid_request_return_201(client):
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/planets", json = {
+        "description": "Mars is a dusty, cold, desert world with a very thin atmosphere.",
+        "length_of_year": 687,
+        "name": "Mars"
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 201
+    assert response_body == "Planet Mars successfully created"
+
+def test_create_planet_invalid_request_empty_name_return_400(client):
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/planets", json = {
+        "name": "", 
+        "description": "This unknown planet is the imaginary planet for purpose of testing.", 
+        "length_of_year": 10})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_create_planet_invalid_request_lenght_of_year_zero_return_400(client):
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/planets", json = {
+        "name": "Test", 
+        "description": "This unknown planet is the imaginary planet for purpose of testing.", 
+        "length_of_year": 0})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_create_planet_invalid_request_lenght_of_year_negative_return_400(client):
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/planets", json = {
+        'name': 'Test', 
+        'description': 'This unknown planet is the imaginary planet for purpose of testing.', 
+        'length_of_year': -100})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_create_planet_invalid_request_description_empty_return_400(client):
+    # Act
+    response = client.post("/planets", json = {
+        'name': 'Test', 
+        'description': '', 
+        'length_of_year': 10})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+#### PUT/ Update planet ####
+def test_update_planet_valid_request_return_success_message(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    planet_id = one_planet.id
+    response = client.put(f"/planets/{one_planet.id}", json = {
+        "description": "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.",
+        "length_of_year": 88,
+        "name": "Mercury_updated"
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} successfully updated"
+
+def test_update_planet_not_exist_id_return_404(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    response = client.put("/planets/9", json = {
+        "description": "Mars is a dusty, cold, desert world with a very thin atmosphere.",
+        "length_of_year": 687,
+        "name": "Mars"
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == f"Planet 9 not found"
+
+def test_update_planet_invalid_type_id_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    planet_id = "hello"
+    response = client.put(f"/planets/{planet_id}", json = {
+        "description": "Mars is a dusty, cold, desert world with a very thin atmosphere.",
+        "length_of_year": 687,
+        "name": "Mars"
+    })
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} invalid"
+
+def test_update_planet_invalid_request_empty_name_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    response = client.put(f"/planets/{one_planet.id}", json = {
+        "name": "", 
+        "description": "This unknown planet is the imaginary planet for purpose of testing.", 
+        "length_of_year": 10})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_update_planet_invalid_request_lenght_of_year_zero_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    response = client.put(f"/planets/{one_planet.id}", json = {
+        "name": "Test", 
+        "description": "This unknown planet is the imaginary planet for purpose of testing.", 
+        "length_of_year": 0})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_update_planet_invalid_request_lenght_of_year_negative_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    response = client.put(f"/planets/{one_planet.id}", json = {
+        'name': 'Test', 
+        'description': 'This unknown planet is the imaginary planet for purpose of testing.', 
+        'length_of_year': -100})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+def test_update_planet_invalid_request_description_empty_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    response = client.put(f"/planets/{one_planet.id}", json = {
+        'name': 'Test', 
+        'description': '', 
+        'length_of_year': 10})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == "Invalid request"
+
+#### DELETE/ Delete planet ####
+def test_delete_planet_by_id_valid_request_with_zero_moons_return_success_message(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    planet_id = one_planet.id
+    response = client.delete(f"/planets/{planet_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} successfully deleted"
+
+def test_delete_planet_by_id_valid_request_with_two_moons_return_success_message(client, one_planet_with_moons):
+    # Act
+    planet_id = one_planet_with_moons.id
+    response = client.delete(f"/planets/{planet_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} successfully deleted"
+    # Would like to add assert to check that moons deleted too 
+    # dont know how 
+    # will be happy to recieve the feedback :)
+
+def test_delete_planet_by_invalid_type_id_return_400(client, one_planet):
+    # Act
+    planet_id = "hello"
+    response = client.delete(f"/planets/{planet_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} invalid"
+
+def test_delete_planet_by_not_existed_id_return_404(client, one_planet):
+    planet_id = 9
+    response = client.delete(f"/planets/{planet_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} not found"
+    
+#### GET/ Read one planet ####   
+def test_get_planet_not_exist_id_return_404(client,one_planet):
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/planets/2")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == f"Planet 2 not found"
+
+def test_get_planet_invalid_type_id_return_400(client,one_planet):
+    # Act
+    planet_id = "hello"
+    response = client.get(f"/planets/{planet_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response_body == f"Planet {planet_id} invalid"
+
+def test_get_planet_without_moons_valid_id_return_planet_info(client,three_planets):
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/planets/1")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Mercury",
+        "length_of_year": 88,
+        "description": "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.",
+        "moons": []
+    }
+
+def test_get_planet_with_moon_valid_id_return_planet_info(client,one_planet_with_moons):
+    # Act
+    planet_id = one_planet_with_moons.id
+    response = client.get(f"/planets/{planet_id}")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response_body == {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Mercury",
+        "length_of_year": 88,
+        "description": "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.",
+        "moons": ["Test1", "Moon_Test2"]
+    }
+
+#### GET/ Read all planets ####   
+def test_get_all_planets_without_moons_return_planets_info(client,three_planets):
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/planets")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert len(response_body) == 3
+    assert response_body == [
+    {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Mercury",
+        "length_of_year": 88,
+        "description": "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.",
+        "moons": []
+    },
+    {
+        "id":2,
+        "name": "Venus",
+        "length_of_year": 225,
+        "description": "Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction from most planets.",
+        "moons": []
+    },
+    {
+        "id":3,
+        "name": "Earth",
+        "length_of_year": 365,
+        "description": "Earth — our home planet.",
+        "moons": []
+    }
+]
+
+def test_get_all_planets_with_moons_return_planets_info(client,three_planets_with_moons):
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/planets")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert len(response_body) == 3
+    assert response_body == [
+        {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Mercury",
+        "length_of_year": 88,
+        "description": "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test1", "Moon_Test2"]
+    },
+    {
+        "id":2,
+        "name": "Venus",
+        "length_of_year": 225,
+        "description": "Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction from most planets.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test3"]
+    },
+    {
+        "id":3,
+        "name": "Earth",
+        "length_of_year": 365,
+        "description": "Earth — our home planet.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test4"]
+    }
+]
+
+def test_get_all_planets_with_moons_sorted_by_name_return_planets_info(client,three_planets_with_moons):
+    # Act
+    data = {"sort": "name"}
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/planets", query_string = data)
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert len(response_body) == 3
+    assert response_body == [    
+    {
+        "id":3,
+        "name": "Earth",
+        "length_of_year": 365,
+        "description": "Earth — our home planet.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test4"]
+    },
+    {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Mercury",
+        "length_of_year": 88,
+        "description": "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test1", "Moon_Test2"]
+    },
+    {
+        "id":2,
+        "name": "Venus",
+        "length_of_year": 225,
+        "description": "Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction from most planets.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test3"]
+    }
+]
+
+def test_get_all_planets_with_moons_sorted_by_length_of_year_return_planets_info(client,three_planets_with_moons):
+    # Act
+    data = {"sort": "length_of_year"}
+    # Act
+    response = client.get("/planets", query_string = data)
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert len(response_body) == 3
+    assert response_body == [    
+    {
+        "id":1,
+        "name": "Mercury",
+        "length_of_year": 88,
+        "description": "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test1", "Moon_Test2"]
+    },
+    {
+        "id":2,
+        "name": "Venus",
+        "length_of_year": 225,
+        "description": "Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction from most planets.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test3"]
+    },
+    {
+        "id":3,
+        "name": "Earth",
+        "length_of_year": 365,
+        "description": "Earth — our home planet.",
+        "moons": ["Moon_Test4"]
+    },
+]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_validate_routes.py b/tests/test_validate_routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ae9252703
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_validate_routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+from app import db
+from app.models.planet import Planet
+from app.models.moon import Moon
+from app.routes.planet_routes import validate_model
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+import pytest
+
+def test_to_dict_no_missing_data():
+    # Arrange
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        description = "Earth's Moon is the only place beyond Earth where humans have set foot, so far.",
+        size = 1738.1,
+        name = "Moon"
+    )
+
+    test_data = Planet(
+                    name="Test",
+                    moons = [moon1],
+                    description="Imaginary for testing",
+                    length_of_year = 100)
+    # Act
+    result = test_data.to_dict()
+    # Assert
+    assert len(result) == 5
+    assert result["moons"] == ["Moon"]
+    assert result["name"] == "Test"
+    assert result["length_of_year"] == 100
+    assert result["description"] == "Imaginary for testing"
+
+def test_to_dict_missing_id():
+    # Arrange
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        description = "Earth's Moon is the only place beyond Earth where humans have set foot, so far.",
+        size = 1738.1,
+        name = "Moon"
+    )
+    test_data = Planet(name="Test",
+                    description="Imaginary for testing",
+                    length_of_year = 100,
+                    moons = [moon1]
+                    )
+    # Act
+    result = test_data.to_dict()
+    # Assert
+    assert len(result) == 5
+    assert result["name"] == "Test"
+    assert result["moons"] == ["Moon"]
+    assert result["length_of_year"] == 100
+    assert result["description"] == "Imaginary for testing"
+
+def test_to_dict_missing_name():
+    # Arrange
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        description = "Earth's Moon is the only place beyond Earth where humans have set foot, so far.",
+        size = 1738.1,
+        name = "Moon"
+    )
+
+    test_data = Planet(
+                    moons = [moon1],
+                    description="Imaginary for testing",
+                    length_of_year = 100)
+
+    # Act
+    result = test_data.to_dict()
+    # Assert
+    assert len(result) == 5
+    assert result["moons"] == ["Moon"]
+    assert result["name"] == None
+    assert result["length_of_year"] == 100
+    assert result["description"] == "Imaginary for testing"
+
+def test_to_dict_missing_description():
+    # Arrange
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        description = "Earth's Moon is the only place beyond Earth where humans have set foot, so far.",
+        size = 1738.1,
+        name = "Moon"
+    )
+
+    test_data = Planet(
+                    name="Test",
+                    moons = [moon1],
+                    length_of_year = 100)
+
+    # Act
+    result = test_data.to_dict()
+    # Assert
+    assert len(result) == 5
+    assert result["moons"] == ["Moon"]
+    assert result["name"] == "Test"
+    assert result["length_of_year"] == 100
+    assert result["description"] == None
+
+def test_to_dict_missing_moon():
+    # Arrange
+    moon1 = Moon(
+        description = "Earth's Moon is the only place beyond Earth where humans have set foot, so far.",
+        size = 1738.1,
+        name = "Moon"
+    )
+
+    test_data = Planet(
+                    name="Test",
+                    description="Imaginary for testing",
+                    length_of_year = 100)
+
+    # Act
+    result = test_data.to_dict()
+    # Assert
+    assert len(result) == 5
+    assert result["moons"] == []
+    assert result["name"] == "Test"
+    assert result["length_of_year"] == 100
+    assert result["description"] == "Imaginary for testing"
+
+def test_from_dict_returns_planet():
+# Arrange
+    planet_data = {
+        "name": "Test",
+        "length_of_year": 100,
+        "description": "Imaginary for testing"
+    }
+# Act
+    new_planet = Planet.from_dict(planet_data)
+# Assert
+    assert new_planet.name == "Test"
+    assert new_planet.length_of_year == 100
+    assert new_planet.description == "Imaginary for testing"
+
+def test_from_dict_with_no_name():
+# Arrange
+    planet_data = {
+        "length_of_year": 100,
+        "description": "Imaginary for testing"
+    }
+# Act & Assert
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match = 'name'):
+        new_planet = Planet.from_dict(planet_data)
+
+def test_from_dict_with_no_description():
+# Arrange
+    planet_data = {
+        "name": "Test",
+        "length_of_year": 100,
+    }
+# Act & Assert
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match = 'description'):
+        new_planet = Planet.from_dict(planet_data)
+
+def test_from_dict_with_extra_keys():
+# Arrange
+    planet_data = {
+        "name": "Test",
+        "length_of_year": 100,
+        "description": "Imaginary for testing"
+    }
+# Act
+    new_planet = Planet.from_dict(planet_data)
+# Assert
+    assert new_planet.name == "Test"
+    assert new_planet.length_of_year == 100
+    assert new_planet.description == "Imaginary for testing"
+
+#### tests for validate_model ####
+def test_validate_model(three_planets):
+    # Act
+    result_planet = validate_model(Planet, 1)
+    # Assert
+    assert result_planet.id == 1
+    assert result_planet.name == "Mercury"
+    assert result_planet.length_of_year == 88
+    assert result_planet.description == "Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun."
+
+def test_validate_model_missing_record(three_planets):
+    # Act & Assert
+    # Calling `validate_book` without being invoked by a route will
+    # cause an `HTTPException` when an `abort` statement is reached 
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException):
+        result_planet = validate_model(Planet, 9)
+    
+def test_validate_model_invalid_id(three_planets):
+    # Act & Assert
+    # Calling `validate_book` without being invoked by a route will
+    # cause an `HTTPException` when an `abort` statement is reached 
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException):
+        result_planet = validate_model(Planet, "hello")
+
+#### tests for validate_input ####
\ No newline at end of file