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# RAP vs. abap2UI5: Architecture, State & Developer Experience
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This page provides a structured technical comparison between **RAP (Fiori Elements)** and **abap2UI5**, focusing on architecture, state management, developer workflow, and communication models.
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## 1. Architectural Paradigms
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### 1. Architectural Paradigms
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| Aspect | RAP (Fiori Elements) | abap2UI5 |
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|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
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| **Runtime Control**| UI logic partly on frontend, backend provides metadata | Full control over UI and logic in backend |
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## 2. State Management
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### 2. State Management
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| Aspect | RAP (Fiori Elements) | abap2UI5 |
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|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|
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| **Persistence** | Via RAP persistence layer | Reflected through ViewModel updates |
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| **User Interaction Flow** | Triggers OData actions, state managed across layers | Triggers backend events, state is updated in ABAP |
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## 3. Developer Workflow
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### 3. Developer Workflow
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| Aspect | RAP (Fiori Elements) | abap2UI5 |
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|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
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| **Complexity** | High: multiple layers & technologies | Low: one language, one layer |
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## 4. Client–Server Communication Flow
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### 4. Client–Server Communication Flow
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### RAP
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#### RAP
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```plaintext
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Browser (Fiori Elements SPA)
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Backend (RAP Services)
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└──> Processes requests, returns data/actions
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```
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### abap2UI5
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#### abap2UI5
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```plaintext
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Browser (Static UI5 Shell)
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├──> HTTP request: Load XML View + ViewModel
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└──> Processes event, updates ViewModel, returns changes
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```
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## 5. Flexibility & Runtime Capabilities
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### 5. Flexibility & Runtime Capabilities
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| Aspect | RAP (Fiori Elements) | abap2UI5 |
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|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|
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| **Learning Curve** | Steep (new concepts, multiple layers) | Flat (ABAP-only, no metadata tooling) |
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## 6. Cloud Readiness & Compliance
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### 6. Cloud Readiness & Compliance
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| Feature | RAP | abap2UI5 |
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|----------------------------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------|
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> 🔒 **Both frameworks are cloud-ready and clean-core compliant.** abap2UI5 achieves this **without CDS or OData**, relying solely on released ABAP APIs.
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## Conclusion
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### Conclusion
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- **RAP (Fiori Elements)** is best suited for standardized, metadata-driven applications using CDS, OData, and annotations.
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- **abap2UI5** provides runtime flexibility, backend control, and lower complexity — ideal for dynamic UIs and fast iterations.
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## Summary Table
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### Summary Table
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| Category | RAP (Fiori Elements) | abap2UI5 |
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|--------------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------|

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