vim.md

title	date	icon	background	tags	categories	intro
Vim	2020-11-25 10:28:43 -0800	icon-vim	bg-green-600	vi editor terminal text	Toolkit	[Vim](http://www.vim.org/) is a very efficient text editor. This reference was made for Vim 8.0. For shortcut notation.

Getting started {.cols-3}

Navigating {.row-span-3}

Shortcut	Description
h j k l	Arrow keys
<C-U> | <C-D>	Half-page up/down
<C-B> | <C-F>	Page up/down
{.shortcuts}

Words

Shortcut	Description
b | w	Previous/next word
ge | e	Previous/next end of word
{.shortcuts}

Line

Shortcut	Description
0 (zero)	Start of line
^	Start of line (after whitespace)
$	End of line
{.shortcuts}

Character

Shortcut	Description
fc	Go forward to character c
Fc	Go backward to character c
{.shortcuts}

Document

Shortcut	Description
gg	First line
G	Last line
:n	Go to line n
nG	Go to line n
{.shortcuts}

Window

Shortcut	Description
zz	Center this line
zt	Top this line
zb	Bottom this line
H	Move to top of screen
M	Move to middle of screen
L	Move to bottom of screen
{.shortcuts}

Search

Shortcut	Description
n	Next matching search pattern
N	Previous match
*	Next whole word under cursor
#	Previous whole word under cursor
{.shortcuts}

Tab pages

Shortcut	Description
:tabedit [file]	Edit file in a new tab
:tabfind [file]	Open file if exists in new tab
:tabclose	Close current tab
:tabs	List all tabs
:tabfirst	Go to first tab
:tablast	Go to last tab
:tabn	Go to next tab
:tabp	Go to previous tab

Editing

Shortcut	Description
a	Append
A	Append from end of line
i	Insert
o	Next line
O	Previous line

| s | Delete char and insert | | S | Delete line and insert | | C | Delete until end of line and insert |

| r | Replace one character | | R | Enter Replace mode |

| u | Undo changes | | <C-R> | Redo changes | {.shortcuts}

Exiting

Shortcut	Description
:qa	Close all files
:qa!	Close all files, abandon changes

| :w | Save | | :wq | :x | Save and close file |

| :q | Close file | | :q! | Close file, abandon changes |

| ZZ | Save and quit | | ZQ | Quit without checking changes | {.shortcuts}

Clipboard

Shortcut	Description
x	Delete character

| dd | Delete line (Cut) | | yy | Yank line (Copy) |

| p | Paste | | P | Paste before |

| "*p | "+p | Paste from system clipboard | | "*y | "+y | Paste to system clipboard | {.shortcuts}

Visual mode

Shortcut	Description
v	Enter visual mode
V	Enter visual line mode
<C-V>	Enter visual block mode
{.shortcuts}

In visual mode

Shortcut	Description
d | x	Delete selection
s	Replace selection
y	Yank selection (Copy)
{.shortcuts}

Exiting insert mode

Shortcut	Description
Esc | <C-[>	Exit insert mode
<C-C>	Exit insert mode, and abort current command
{.shortcuts}

See Operators for other things you can do.

Operators {.cols-3}

Usage {.secondary}

Operators let you operate in a range of text (defined by motion). These are performed in normal mode.

Shortcut	Description
d	w
Operator	Motion

Operators list

Shortcut	Description
d	Delete
y	Yank (copy)
c	Change (delete then insert)

| > | Indent right | | < | Indent left | | = | Autoindent |

| g~ | Swap case | | gU | Uppercase | | gu | Lowercase |

| ! | Filter through external program | {.shortcuts}

See :help operator

Examples

Combine operators with motions to use them. {.setup}

Shortcut	Description
dd	(repeat the letter) Delete current line
dw	Delete to next word
db	Delete to beginning of word
2dd	Delete 2 lines
dip	Delete a text object (inside paragraph)
(in visual mode) d	Delete selection

See :help motion.txt

Text objects {.cols-3}

Usage {.secondary}

Text objects let you operate (with an operator) in or around text blocks (objects). {.setup}

Shortcut	Description
v	i
Operator	[i]nside or [a]round
{.css-breakdown}

Text objects {.row-span-2}

Shortcut	Description
p	Paragraph
w	Word
s	Sentence

| [ ( { < | A [], (), or {} block | | ' " ` | A quoted string |

| b | A block [( | | B | A block in [{ | | t | A XML tag block | {.shortcuts}

Examples {.row-span-2}

Shortcut	Description
vip	Select paragraph
vipipipip	Select more

| yip | Yank inner paragraph | | yap | Yank paragraph (including newline) |

| dip | Delete inner paragraph | | cip | Change inner paragraph | {.shortcuts}

See Operators for other things you can do.

Diff

vimdiff file1 file2 [file3]

See differences between files.

Misc {.cols-3}

Folds {.row-span-3}

Shortcut	Description
zo | zO	Open
zc | zC	Close
za | zA	Toggle

| zv | Open folds for this line |

| zM | Close all | | zR | Open all |

| zm | Fold more (foldlevel += 1) | | zr | Fold less (foldlevel -= 1) |

| zx | Update folds | {.shortcuts}

Uppercase ones are recursive (eg, zO is open recursively).

Navigation

Shortcut	Description
%	Nearest/matching {[()]}
[( [{ [<	Previous ( or { or <
])	Next

| [m | Previous method start | | [M | Previous method end | {.shortcuts}

Case

Shortcut	Description
~	Toggle case (Case => cASE)
gU	Uppercase
gu	Lowercase

| gUU | Uppercase current line (also gUgU) | | guu | Lowercase current line (also gugu) | {.shortcuts}

Do these in visual or normal mode.

Counters

Shortcut	Description
<C-A>	Increment number
<C-X>	Decrement
{.shortcuts}

Windows

Shortcut	Description
z{height}<Cr>	Resize pane to {height} lines tall

Text alignment {.row-span-1}

:center [width]
:right [width]
:left

See :help formatting

Calculator

Shortcut	Description
<C-R>=128/2	Shows the result of the division : '64'

Do this in insert mode.

Tags {.row-span-2 .col-span-2}

Shortcut	Description
:tag Classname	Jump to first definition of Classname

| <C-]> | Jump to definition | | g] | See all definitions | | <C-T> | Go back to last tag | | <C-O> <C-I> | Back/forward |

| :tselect Classname | Find definitions of Classname | | :tjump Classname | Find definitions of Classname (auto-select 1st) | {.shortcuts}

Exiting with an error

:cq
:cquit

Works like :qa, but throws an error. Great for aborting Git commands.

Jumping

Shortcut	Description
<C-O>	Go back to previous location
<C-I>	Go forward

| gf | Go to file in cursor | {.shortcuts}

Marks {.col-span-2 .row-span-2}

Shortcut	Description
`^	Last position of cursor in insert mode
`.	Last change in current buffer
`"	Last exited current buffer
`0	In last file edited
''	Back to line in current buffer where jumped from
``	Back to position in current buffer where jumped from
`[	To beginning of previously changed or yanked text
`]	To end of previously changed or yanked text
`<	To beginning of last visual selection
`>	To end of last visual selection

| ma | Mark this cursor position as a | | `a | Jump to the cursor position a | | 'a | Jump to the beginning of the line with position a | | d'a | Delete from current line to line of mark a | | d`a | Delete from current position to position of mark a | | c'a | Change text from current line to line of a | | y`a | Yank text from current position to position of a |

| :marks | List all current marks | | :delm a | Delete mark a | | :delm a-d | Delete marks a, b, c, d | | :delm abc | Delete marks a, b, c | {.shortcuts}

Misc

Shortcut	Description
.	Repeat last command
]p	Paste under the current indentation level

| :set ff=unix | Convert Windows line endings to Unix line endings | {.shortcuts}

Command line

Shortcut	Description
<C-R><C-W>	Insert current word into the command line
<C-R>"	Paste from " register
<C-X><C-F>	Auto-completion of path in insert mode
{.shortcuts}

Spell checking {.col-span-3}

Shortcut	Description
:set spell spelllang=en_us	Turn on US English spell checking
]s	Move to next misspelled word after the cursor
[s	Move to previous misspelled word before the cursor
z=	Suggest spellings for the word under/after the cursor
zg	Add word to spell list
zw	Mark word as bad/mispelling
zu / C-X (Insert Mode)	Suggest words for bad word under cursor from spellfile
{.shortcuts}

See :help spell

Also see

• Vim cheatsheet (vim.rotrr.com)
• Vim documentation (vimdoc.sourceforge.net)
• Interactive Vim tutorial (openvim.com)