test.nginx.conf

http{
    include mime.types;
    
    server{
        listen 80;
        
        location / {
            # root directive sets the root directory for requests, i.e. nginx will search the given directory for that request.
            # File is served from the path created by appending the incoming URI to the value of the root directive

            root /var/www/mysite;   # Here, the `/var/www/mysite/index.html` file will be sent in response to the “/index.html” (or, "/") request.
        }

        location /fruits {

            root /var/www/mysite;  # for this request, nginx will search this directory.
            index fruit-list.html;  #  Telling nginx that the `/var/www/mysite/fruits/fruit-list.html` file will be sent in response to "/fruits".
            # since, no index.html is present, "/fruits/index.html" will cause a 404 error.
        }


        location /nutritious-fruits {

            alias /var/www/mysite/fruits;  
            
            index fruit-list.html;      # since, index.html is not present in /var/www/mysite/fruits, so we need to set the index.

            # on request of `/nutritious-fruits/apple.png`, the file '/var/www/mysite/fruits/apple.png' will be sent.
            
            # on request of `/nutritious-fruits`, the file '/var/www/mysite/fruits/fruit-list.html' will be sent.

            # i.e. we don't need to have a separate directory as previous case. Basically, we are using the contents of `/fruits` route for `/nutritious-fruits` as well.
        }


        location /vegetables{

            root /var/www/mysite;

            # The path to a file is constructed appending the file mentioned to the root directive
            try_files  $uri $uri/ /vegetables/veggies.html /vegetables/potato.html =404;

            # Initially, nginx will look for "/var/www/mysite/vegetables/veggies.html" and then
            # "/var/www/mysite/vegetables/potato.html". If no file is found, we would get a 404 response.
        }


        location /numbers {
            rewrite ^/numbers/(\d)$  /count/$1 last;
        }

        location ~* /count/[0-9] {
            return 301 /;
        }

        
    }
}

events{}