style: Use ruff format instead of black . for improved user experience (#5023)

* style: Disable Flake8 line length checks as handled by our formatting tools

* Apply `ruff format` to potentially unexpected tuples in gui/wxpython/rlisetup/wizard.py

* style: Apply `ruff format`-specific formatting for 2025 style

* style: Disable Flake8 line length checks as handled by our formatting tools

* checks: Replace black with ruff format in pre-commit

* CI: Implement checks and PR suggestions for `ruff format`

* python: Address misplace to and from comments for Rast_copy_cats

* gui: Remove potentially unexpected and unused tuple for SetSelection in rlisetup.wizard

Author: echoix

.flake8

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 ignore =
     # whitespace before ':' (Black)
     E203,
+    # E501 line too long
+    E501,
     # line break before binary operator (Black)
     W503,
 

.github/workflows/python-code-quality.yml

@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@ jobs:
       # renovate: datasource=python-version depName=python
       PYTHON_VERSION: "3.13"
       MIN_PYTHON_VERSION: "3.9"
-      # renovate: datasource=pypi depName=black
-      BLACK_VERSION: "25.1.0"
       # renovate: datasource=pypi depName=flake8
       FLAKE8_VERSION: "7.1.1"
       # renovate: datasource=pypi depName=pylint
@@ -73,6 +71,14 @@ jobs:
         continue-on-error: true
       - name: Run Ruff (apply fixes for suggestions)
         run: ruff check . --preview --fix --unsafe-fixes
+      - name: Run `ruff format` showing diff without failing
+        continue-on-error: true
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
+        run: ruff format --diff
+      - name: Run `ruff format` fixing files
+        # Run `ruff format` even when `ruff check` fixed files: fixes can require formatting
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
+        run: ruff format --diff
       - name: Create and uploads code suggestions to apply for Ruff
         # Will fail fast here if there are changes required
         id: diff-ruff
@@ -84,21 +90,6 @@ jobs:
           # To keep repo's file structure in formatted changes artifact
           extra-upload-changes: pyproject.toml
 
-      - name: Install Black only
-        run: pip install black[jupyter]==${{ env.BLACK_VERSION }}
-
-      - name: Run Black
-        run: black .
-
-      - name: Create and uploads code suggestions to apply for Black
-        # Will fail fast here if there are changes required
-        id: diff-black
-        uses: ./.github/actions/create-upload-suggestions
-        with:
-          tool-name: black
-          # To keep repo's file structure in formatted changes artifact
-          extra-upload-changes: .clang-format
-
       - name: Install non-Python dependencies
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update -y

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -42,19 +42,12 @@ repos:
       # Run the linter.
       - id: ruff
         args: [--fix, --preview]
+      # Run the formatter.
+      - id: ruff-format
   - repo: https://github.com/igorshubovych/markdownlint-cli
     rev: v0.44.0
     hooks:
       - id: markdownlint-fix
-  # Using this mirror lets us use mypyc-compiled black, which is about 2x faster
-  - repo: https://github.com/psf/black-pre-commit-mirror
-    rev: 25.1.0
-    hooks:
-      - id: black-jupyter
-        exclude: |
-          (?x)^(
-                python/libgrass_interface_generator/
-          )
   - repo: https://github.com/pycqa/flake8
     rev: 7.1.1
     hooks:

general/g.version/tests/g_version_test.py

@@ -4,36 +4,36 @@
 def test_g_version_no_flag(session):
     """Test that g.version output contains the word 'GRASS'."""
     output = gs.read_command("g.version", env=session.env).strip()
-    assert (
-        "GRASS" in output
-    ), "Expected 'GRASS' in g.version output, but it was not found."
+    assert "GRASS" in output, (
+        "Expected 'GRASS' in g.version output, but it was not found."
+    )
 
 
 def test_c_flag(session):
     """Test the output of g.version -c for Copyright and License Statement."""
     expected_text = "Copyright and License Statement"
     output = gs.read_command("g.version", flags="c", env=session.env).strip()
-    assert (
-        expected_text in output
-    ), f"Expected '{expected_text}' in g.version -c output, but got: '{output}'"
+    assert expected_text in output, (
+        f"Expected '{expected_text}' in g.version -c output, but got: '{output}'"
+    )
 
 
 def test_e_flag(session):
     """Test that g.version -e contains the expected keys."""
     expected_keys = ["PROJ:", "GDAL/OGR:", "SQLite:"]
     output = gs.read_command("g.version", flags="e", env=session.env).strip()
     for key in expected_keys:
-        assert (
-            key in output
-        ), f"Expected key '{key}' in g.version -e output, but it was not found."
+        assert key in output, (
+            f"Expected key '{key}' in g.version -e output, but it was not found."
+        )
 
 
 def test_b_flag(session):
     """Test that g.version -b output contains the word 'GRASS'."""
     output = gs.read_command("g.version", flags="b", env=session.env).strip()
-    assert (
-        "GRASS" in output
-    ), "Expected 'GRASS' in g.version -b output, but it was not found."
+    assert "GRASS" in output, (
+        "Expected 'GRASS' in g.version -b output, but it was not found."
+    )
 
 
 def test_g_flag(session):
@@ -48,19 +48,19 @@ def test_g_flag(session):
     ]
     output = gs.parse_command("g.version", flags="g", env=session.env)
     for key in expected_keys:
-        assert (
-            key in output
-        ), f"Expected key '{key}' in g.version -g output, but it was not found."
+        assert key in output, (
+            f"Expected key '{key}' in g.version -g output, but it was not found."
+        )
 
 
 def test_r_flag(session):
     """Test that g.version -r contains the expected keys."""
     expected_texts = ["libgis revision:", "libgis date:"]
     output = gs.read_command("g.version", flags="r", env=session.env).strip()
     for text in expected_texts:
-        assert (
-            text in output
-        ), f"Expected key '{text}' in g.version -r output, but it was not found."
+        assert text in output, (
+            f"Expected key '{text}' in g.version -r output, but it was not found."
+        )
 
 
 def test_x_flag(session):
@@ -78,6 +78,6 @@ def curly_brackets_paired(text):
                 return False
         return counter == 0
 
-    assert curly_brackets_paired(
-        output
-    ), "Curly brackets are not properly paired in the g.version -x output."
+    assert curly_brackets_paired(output), (
+        "Curly brackets are not properly paired in the g.version -x output."
+    )

gui/wxpython/core/settings.py

@@ -816,9 +816,9 @@ def _internalSettings(self):
         )
 
         self.internalSettings["display"]["driver"]["choices"] = ["cairo", "png"]
-        self.internalSettings["display"]["statusbarMode"][
-            "choices"
-        ] = None  # set during MapFrame init
+        self.internalSettings["display"]["statusbarMode"]["choices"] = (
+            None  # set during MapFrame init
+        )
         self.internalSettings["display"]["mouseWheelZoom"]["choices"] = (
             _("Zoom and recenter"),
             _("Zoom to mouse cursor"),

gui/wxpython/dbmgr/base.py

@@ -2223,9 +2223,11 @@ def ValidateSelectStatement(self, statement):
 
         tablelen = len(self.dbMgrData["mapDBInfo"].layers[self.selLayer]["table"])
 
-        if statement[index + 1 : index + 6].lower() != "from " or statement[
-            index + 6 : index + 6 + tablelen
-        ] != "%s" % (self.dbMgrData["mapDBInfo"].layers[self.selLayer]["table"]):
+        if (
+            statement[index + 1 : index + 6].lower() != "from "
+            or statement[index + 6 : index + 6 + tablelen]
+            != "%s" % (self.dbMgrData["mapDBInfo"].layers[self.selLayer]["table"])
+        ):
             return None
 
         if len(statement[index + 7 + tablelen :]) > 0:

gui/wxpython/gmodeler/model.py

@@ -3307,9 +3307,7 @@ def _writePython(self):
 # %module
 # % description: {description}
 # %end
-""".format(
-                description=" ".join(properties["description"].splitlines())
-            )
+""".format(description=" ".join(properties["description"].splitlines()))
         )
 
         modelItems = self.model.GetItems(ModelAction)

gui/wxpython/gui_core/vselect.py

@@ -332,9 +332,7 @@ def OnExportMap(self, event):
             GMessage(_("No features selected"))
             return
         lst = ""
-        for (
-            cat
-        ) in (
+        for cat in (
             self.selectedFeatures
         ):  # build text string of categories for v.extract input
             lst += str(cat["Category"]) + ","

gui/wxpython/nviz/tools.py

@@ -1610,12 +1610,12 @@ def _createVectorPage(self, parent):
         checkThematicWidth = wx.CheckBox(
             parent=panel, id=wx.ID_ANY, label=_("use width for thematic mapping")
         )
-        self.win["vector"]["lines"]["thematic"][
-            "checkcolor"
-        ] = checkThematicColor.GetId()
-        self.win["vector"]["lines"]["thematic"][
-            "checkwidth"
-        ] = checkThematicWidth.GetId()
+        self.win["vector"]["lines"]["thematic"]["checkcolor"] = (
+            checkThematicColor.GetId()
+        )
+        self.win["vector"]["lines"]["thematic"]["checkwidth"] = (
+            checkThematicWidth.GetId()
+        )
         checkThematicColor.Bind(wx.EVT_CHECKBOX, self.OnCheckThematic)
         checkThematicWidth.Bind(wx.EVT_CHECKBOX, self.OnCheckThematic)
         checkThematicColor.SetValue(False)
@@ -1825,12 +1825,12 @@ def _createVectorPage(self, parent):
         checkThematicSize = wx.CheckBox(
             parent=panel, id=wx.ID_ANY, label=_("use size for thematic mapping")
         )
-        self.win["vector"]["points"]["thematic"][
-            "checkcolor"
-        ] = checkThematicColor.GetId()
-        self.win["vector"]["points"]["thematic"][
-            "checksize"
-        ] = checkThematicSize.GetId()
+        self.win["vector"]["points"]["thematic"]["checkcolor"] = (
+            checkThematicColor.GetId()
+        )
+        self.win["vector"]["points"]["thematic"]["checksize"] = (
+            checkThematicSize.GetId()
+        )
         checkThematicColor.Bind(wx.EVT_CHECKBOX, self.OnCheckThematic)
         checkThematicSize.Bind(wx.EVT_CHECKBOX, self.OnCheckThematic)
         checkThematicColor.SetValue(False)

gui/wxpython/nviz/workspace.py

@@ -385,8 +385,9 @@ def SetDecorDefaultProp(self, type):
         # arrow
         if type == "arrow":
             data["arrow"] = copy.deepcopy(UserSettings.Get(group="nviz", key="arrow"))
-            data["arrow"]["color"] = "%d:%d:%d" % (
-                UserSettings.Get(group="nviz", key="arrow", subkey="color")[:3]
+            data["arrow"]["color"] = (
+                "%d:%d:%d"
+                % (UserSettings.Get(group="nviz", key="arrow", subkey="color")[:3])
             )
             data["arrow"].update(
                 copy.deepcopy(
@@ -402,8 +403,9 @@ def SetDecorDefaultProp(self, type):
             data["scalebar"] = copy.deepcopy(
                 UserSettings.Get(group="nviz", key="scalebar")
             )
-            data["scalebar"]["color"] = "%d:%d:%d" % (
-                UserSettings.Get(group="nviz", key="scalebar", subkey="color")[:3]
+            data["scalebar"]["color"] = (
+                "%d:%d:%d"
+                % (UserSettings.Get(group="nviz", key="scalebar", subkey="color")[:3])
             )
             data["scalebar"].update(
                 copy.deepcopy(

gui/wxpython/rlisetup/wizard.py

@@ -1405,7 +1405,7 @@ def __init__(self, wizard, parent):
     def OnEnterPage(self, event: WizardEvent | None = None) -> None:
         """Function during entering"""
         # This is an hack to force the user to choose Rectangle or Circle
-        self.typeBox.SetSelection(2),
+        self.typeBox.SetSelection(2)
         self.typeBox.ShowItem(2, False)
         self.panelSizer.Layout()
 
@@ -1608,7 +1608,7 @@ def __init__(self, wizard, parent):
             choices=[_("Rectangle"), _("Circle"), ("")],
         )
         # This is an hack to force the user to choose Rectangle or Circle
-        self.typeBox.SetSelection(2),
+        self.typeBox.SetSelection(2)
         self.typeBox.ShowItem(2, False)
         self.sizer.Add(self.typeBox, flag=wx.ALIGN_LEFT, pos=(0, 0), span=(1, 2))
 

gui/wxpython/timeline/frame.py

@@ -271,9 +271,7 @@ def _draw3dFigure(self):
         self.axes3d.clear()
         self.axes3d.grid(False)
         # self.axes3d.grid(True)
-        convert = (
-            mdates.date2num if self.temporalType == "absolute" else lambda x: x
-        )  # noqa: E731
+        convert = mdates.date2num if self.temporalType == "absolute" else lambda x: x  # noqa: E731
 
         colors = cycle(COLORS)
         plots = []
@@ -319,9 +317,7 @@ def _draw2dFigure(self):
         """Draws 2D plot (temporal extents)"""
         self.axes2d.clear()
         self.axes2d.grid(True)
-        convert = (
-            mdates.date2num if self.temporalType == "absolute" else lambda x: x
-        )  # noqa: E731
+        convert = mdates.date2num if self.temporalType == "absolute" else lambda x: x  # noqa: E731
 
         colors = cycle(COLORS)
 

imagery/i.atcorr/create_iwave.py

@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ def interpolate_band(values, step=2.5):
 
     wavelengths = values_clean[:, 0]  # 1st column of input array
     responses = values_clean[:, 1]  # 2nd column
-    assert len(wavelengths) == len(
-        responses
-    ), "Number of wavelength slots and spectral responses are not equal!"
+    assert len(wavelengths) == len(responses), (
+        "Number of wavelength slots and spectral responses are not equal!"
+    )
 
     # spectral responses are written out with .4f in pretty_print()
     # anything smaller than 0.0001 will become 0.0000 -> discard with ...

lib/init/grass.py

@@ -603,13 +603,10 @@ def read_gui(gisrc, default_gui):
 
 def create_initial_gisrc(filename):
     # for convenience, define GISDBASE as pwd:
-    s = (
-        r"""GISDBASE: %s
+    s = r"""GISDBASE: %s
 LOCATION_NAME: <UNKNOWN>
 MAPSET: <UNKNOWN>
-"""
-        % Path.cwd()
-    )
+""" % Path.cwd()
     writefile(filename, s)
 
 
@@ -1662,9 +1659,7 @@ def sh_like_startup(location, location_name, grass_env_file, sh):
         fc -R
         _grass_old_mapset="$MAPSET_PATH"
     fi
-    """.format(
-            sh_history=sh_history
-        )
+    """.format(sh_history=sh_history)
     elif sh == "bash":
         # Append existing history to file ("flush").
         # Clear the (in-memory) history.
@@ -1678,9 +1673,7 @@ def sh_like_startup(location, location_name, grass_env_file, sh):
         history -r
         _grass_old_mapset="$MAPSET_PATH"
     fi
-    """.format(
-            sh_history=sh_history
-        )
+    """.format(sh_history=sh_history)
         # Ubuntu sudo creates a file .sudo_as_admin_successful and bash checks
         # for this file in the home directory from /etc/bash.bashrc and prints a
         # message if it's not detected. This can be suppressed with either

python/grass/experimental/tests/conftest.py

@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ def unique_id():
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def xy_mapset_session(
-    xy_session_for_module, unique_id
-):  # pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name
+def xy_mapset_session(xy_session_for_module, unique_id):  # pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name
     """Active session in a mapset of an XY location
 
     Mapset scope is function, while the location scope is module.

python/grass/experimental/tests/grass_script_mapset_session_test.py

@@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ def test_create_multiple(xy_session):
     assert sorted(collected) == sorted(create_names)
     existing_mapsets = get_mapset_names(env=xy_session.env)
     assert sorted(existing_mapsets) == sorted(create_names + original_mapsets)
-    assert (
-        len(set(top_level_collected)) == 1
-    ), f"Top level mapset changed: {top_level_collected}"
+    assert len(set(top_level_collected)) == 1, (
+        f"Top level mapset changed: {top_level_collected}"
+    )
 
 
 def test_nested_top_env(xy_session):

python/grass/jupyter/interactivemap.py

@@ -504,9 +504,7 @@ class InteractiveRegionController:
         changed_region (dict): The dictionary to store the changed region.
     """
 
-    def __init__(
-        self, map_object, ipyleaflet, ipywidgets, **kwargs
-    ):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
+    def __init__(self, map_object, ipyleaflet, ipywidgets, **kwargs):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
         """Initializes the InteractiveRegionController.
 
         :param map_object: The map object.