The first stage is application
There are several protocols in the application stage
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WWW
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SMS
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IRC
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EMAIL
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VOIP
This stage turns your request into binary
The next stage is transport
This stage breaks your binary into packets
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TCP(Slower but includes all packets and makes sure it isnt missing anything)
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UDP(Faster and includes mistakes, used for streaming, phone calls, etc)
The next stage is the Internet
This is what transfers the packets to the Link/Network
Of course the last one is the Link/Network page which takes your binary and turns it into physical data